-
Self-monitoring, self-selection, and prospective employment: individual differences in finding a workplace niche The Journal of General Psychology (IF 0.409) Pub Date : 2021-04-20 Christopher Leone
Abstract Self-selection of different employment opportunities was predicted to be a function of dispositional differences in self-monitoring. In two studies, participants read two job descriptions containing attributes that matched the skills and needs of either high self-monitors or low self-monitors. Participants then indicated which job they would accept if offered both jobs and subsequently completed
-
Active maintenance of musical and linguistic information as a function of musical experience The Journal of General Psychology (IF 0.409) Pub Date : 2021-04-09 Kyra L. Bowe, Quin M. Chrobak, Aaron T. Karst
Abstract Recent research suggests that linguistic and musical information are processed by shared working memory resources in non-musicians. However, it is still unclear how musical information is actively maintained by those with extensive musical experience. Some evidence suggests that those with musical experience may utilize distinct processing systems for the active maintenance of linguistic and
-
Evolution and impact of self-efficacy during French COVID-19 confinement: a longitudinal study The Journal of General Psychology (IF 0.409) Pub Date : 2021-04-07 Chantal Joie-La Marle, François Parmentier, Florent Vinchon, Martin Storme, Xavier Borteyrou, Todd Lubart
Abstract Based on social cognitive theory, we propose that self-efficacy is a personal resource that protects people from the impact of confinement in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. In a longitudinal study where 197 French citizens were surveyed over 8 weeks of confinement (though only 25 participants responded each of these 8 weeks), we examined the relationships between general self-efficacy
-
The psychological effects of the COVID-19 pandemic: an introduction to the special issue The Journal of General Psychology (IF 0.409) Pub Date : 2021-04-07 Eric D. Miller
Abstract This paper briefly introduces the Special Issue “The Psychological Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic.” In doing so, it first outlines the initial call for papers and some of the general contours of the issue before then offering a terse summary of the larger themes offered in each of the six papers included in this volume. Some final summary remarks and larger suggestions for additional work
-
Inflammation, depression, and anxiety related to recognition memory in young adults The Journal of General Psychology (IF 0.409) Pub Date : 2021-03-17 James D. Schaeffer, Cory Newell, Catherine Spann, George Siemens, Angela Liegey Dougall
Abstract Previous research suggests that common modifiable health risk factors (e.g., depression, anxiety, metabolic illness, inflammation) may have an impact on memory. In the present study, we sought to investigate relationships between a number of these health risk factors and two components of recognition memory (recollection and familiarity). Data were analyzed for 96 healthy young adults between
-
Editorial The Journal of General Psychology (IF 0.409) Pub Date : 2021-03-14 David Trafimow
(2021). Editorial. The Journal of General Psychology: Vol. 148, No. 1, pp. 1-1.
-
Destiny or control of one’s future? Fatalistic time perspective and self-esteem in extraverts and introverts The Journal of General Psychology (IF 0.409) Pub Date : 2021-02-08 Małgorzata Sobol, Aneta Przepiórka, Michał Meisner, Peter Kuppens
Abstract A sense of control over time and over what is happening in life is highly significant for psychological functioning. The aim of this experiment was to test the effect of fatalistic time perspective on self-esteem in extraverts and introverts. We conducted an experiment in which fatalistic time perspective was induced in participants (N = 104) high and low in extraversion. The experimental
-
Worry during the initial height of the COVID-19 crisis in an Italian sample The Journal of General Psychology (IF 0.409) Pub Date : 2021-02-01 Valeria Sebri, Clizia Cincidda, Lucrezia Savioni, Giulia Ongaro, Gabriella Pravettoni
Abstract In the earliest months of 2020, the COVID-19 emergency reached a pandemic status of international concern. In this situation, people tended to think more about current difficulties and their negative consequences due to the fear of infection and changed daily life during quarantine. The aim of this study was to explore the severity of worry in relation to individual characteristics and emotions
-
The relation between symptoms of ADHD and symptoms of eating disorders in university students The Journal of General Psychology (IF 0.409) Pub Date : 2021-01-22 Jessica Baraskewich, Emma A. Climie
Abstract There is evidence to suggest an association between Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and eating disorders (EDs). As those with subclinical symptoms of ADHD or ED often experience impairment, this cross-sectional study examined the relationship between ADHD symptoms and ED symptoms in a predominately subclinical undergraduate population. Students (n = 133; 80% female) completed
-
COVID-19, suicide, and femicide: Rapid Research using Google search phrases The Journal of General Psychology (IF 0.409) Pub Date : 2021-01-22 Katerina Standish
Abstract Psychologist Eric Miller of Kent State University has termed COVID-19 “the Loss and Trauma Event of Our Time.” In this paper, I would like to problematize the public health response to the virus outbreak in light of two consequential and preventable traumas that shadow the COVID-19 calamity: femicide and suicide. As public health reaction to the pandemic is seen to negatively increase rates
-
Typologies of coping in young adults in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic The Journal of General Psychology (IF 0.409) Pub Date : 2021-01-21 Aya Shigeto, Daniel J. Laxman, Justin F. Landy, Lawrence M. Scheier
Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic has created major upheavals in the lives of people worldwide. The virus has mostly affected elderly populations, but there may be corollary effects on young adults’ psychosocial adjustment due to educational, economic, and occupational disruptions. Using latent class analysis, we examined unique typologies of coping in response to the pandemic among young adults. We used
-
Factorial invariance of Satisfaction with Family Life Scale in adolescents from Peru and Portugal The Journal of General Psychology (IF 0.409) Pub Date : 2021-01-05 Tomás Caycho-Rodríguez, Félix Neto, Mario Reyes-Bossio, Lindsey W. Vilca, Cirilo H. García Cadena, Marta Pinto da Costa, Joana Neto, Michael White
Abstract The Satisfaction with Family Life Scale (SWFLS) is a measure of a person’s satisfaction with their family life as a whole that has been used in different cultural contexts. However, its internal structure and factorial invariance have not been investigated simultaneously in culturally different samples from America and Europe. The current study aims to evaluate the internal structure and factorial
-
Coping styles as predictors of negative affective conditions in Asian Indians: does being optimistic still make a difference? The Journal of General Psychology (IF 0.409) Pub Date : 2021-01-05 Nithya M. Rao, Shangwen Yi, Diane Yu, Kaab Husain, Yicong Sun, Maaz Munawar, Valeria Hernandez, Shanmukh V. Kamble, Edward C. Chang
Abstract The present study examined the role of optimism, as measured by the Life Orientation Test-Revised, and coping styles, as measured by the COPE scale, in predicting negative affective conditions (viz., depressive symptoms, stress, and negative affect) among 386 Asian Indian young adults (197 females and 189 males). Results from our hierarchical regression analyses indicated that coping styles
-
The psychological effects of staying home due to the COVID-19 pandemic The Journal of General Psychology (IF 0.409) Pub Date : 2021-01-05 Faruk Bozdağ
Abstract The most significant individual safety measures taken during the COVID-19 pandemic include physical distancing, quarantine, and isolation. Although such steps are taken to control the spread of the pandemic, they may also cause various psychological problems. This study attempts to identify individual perceptions of staying home due to the COVID-19 pandemic through metaphors, and examines
-
Social distancing during the COVID-19 pandemic as a predictor of daily psychological, social, and health-related outcomes The Journal of General Psychology (IF 0.409) Pub Date : 2020-12-23 Máire B. Ford
Abstract In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, striking public health measures have been implemented to encourage physical distancing in order to slow the spread of disease. However, the impact of these measures on health and wellbeing is not well understood. In the current study a daily diary methodology was used to investigate the effects of social isolation due to the COVID-19 pandemic on a variety
-
The diagnostic utility of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Fourth Edition (WISC-IV) in identification of gifted children The Journal of General Psychology (IF 0.409) Pub Date : 2020-12-22 Gülsen Erden, İbrahim Yiğit, Cihat Çelik, Melike Guzey
Abstract Accurate assessment and early identification of gifted children is of great importance in terms of providing them with educational programs tailored for their abilities in specific areas. Individually administered intelligence tests are widely used to identify gifted children, and an above-average level of intellectual capacity is generally accepted as the main criterion for giftedness. This
-
Can suggestions of nonoccurrence lead to claims that witnessed events did not happen? The Journal of General Psychology (IF 0.409) Pub Date : 2020-12-16 Tanjeem Azad, D. Stephen Lindsay, Maria S. Zaragoza
Abstract In three experiments, we examined whether general suggestions of non-occurrence –suggestions that experienced events did not occur– would lead participants to claim that events they witnessed never happened. Participants viewed a video depicting the investigation of a child kidnapping case and subsequently were exposed to suggestions of non-occurrence either once (Experiments 1 and 3) or three
-
An implicit gender sex-science association in the general population and STEM faculty The Journal of General Psychology (IF 0.409) Pub Date : 2020-12-07 Maddalena Marini, Mahzarin R. Banaji
Abstract We investigated implicit associations between social categories female or male and the attributes sex or science. In six experiments, Implicit Association Tests (IATs) showed female + sex/male + science associations. The bias was observed (a) in both men and women; (b) in participants who reported sexual attraction to both females and males (greater for the former); (c) in members of the general
-
Resilience effects on student performance and well-being: the role of self-efficacy, self-set goals, and anxiety The Journal of General Psychology (IF 0.409) Pub Date : 2020-10-28 Kent Etherton, Debra Steele-Johnson, Kathleen Salvano, Nicholas Kovacs
Abstract Universities prepare students to become contributing members to the workplace and to society. However, with rising tuition costs and other increasing time and resource demands, students face substantial adversity. Students’ ability to cope with that adversity influences successful completion of academic coursework and retention in degree programs, ultimately providing a source of potential
-
A psychometric evaluation of the Ethical Leadership Scale using Rasch analysis and confirmatory factor analysis The Journal of General Psychology (IF 0.409) Pub Date : 2020-10-24 Sedat Sen, Ahmet Gocen
Abstract The purpose of the study was to psychometrically characterize the Ethical Leadership Scale (ELS) through confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and Rasch analysis. Data were collected from 469 teachers across several countries. The one-factor structure of the ELS was confirmed in CFA. Rating scale diagnosis, item fit assessment, reliability analysis, unidimensionality, local independence, and
-
Evaluating the empirical evidence for three transdiagnostic mechanisms in anxiety and mood disorders The Journal of General Psychology (IF 0.409) Pub Date : 2020-10-08 Sungjin Im, Julie Kahler
Abstract High co-morbidity among mental disorders indicates that common transdiagnostic mechanisms underlie various psychopathology, yet there has been little research effort to empirically explicate transdiagnostic processes. A few existing studies are limited in the number of transdiagnostic mechanisms and mental disorder categories explored. The current study addresses these limitations by examining
-
Do mindsets help in controlling eye gaze? A study to explore the effect of abstract and concrete mindsets on eye movements control The Journal of General Psychology (IF 0.409) Pub Date : 2020-10-08 Saurabh Maheshwari, Viplav Tuladhar, Shreyasi Roy, Palakshi Sarmah, Kushal Rai, Tsering Thargay
Abstract Research on construal level theory shows the influence of abstract and concrete mindsets on self-control. These studies indicate that in the abstract mindset people have more self-control than in the concrete mindset. Though some studies have been carried out on behavioral control as well, however, the influence of mindsets on eye movement control has not been explored. Aiming to explore this
-
Synergistic effect of autonomy and relatedness satisfaction on cognitive deconstruction. The Journal of General Psychology (IF 0.409) Pub Date : 2020-09-17 Yuxin Liu,Chen Chen,Jianwei Zhang,Dirk van Dierendonck
Abstract We connected self-determination theory (SDT) and escape theory to deepen the understanding of the antecedents of cognitive deconstruction by introducing autonomy and relatedness satisfaction. Based on three laboratory experiments, results showed a limited determining role of autonomy satisfaction (Experiment 1); however, the causal relationship strengthened when autonomy satisfaction was in
-
Perceptual organization and attribution preferences: a glimpse of the Middle Eastern bicultural mind. The Journal of General Psychology (IF 0.409) Pub Date : 2020-09-15 Maura A E Pilotti,Muamar Hasan Salameh,Eman Jehad Y Abdulhadi,Runna Al Ghazo
Abstract Evidence exists that Westerners rely on similarities to organize their perceptual experiences (descriptive style) and on dispositions to explain human behavior, whereas Far East Asians rely on functional relationships (relational style) and situational details. The present research challenged this dichotomy by investigating perceptual organization and causal attribution in bicultural women
-
Hemispheric processing of predictive inferences: the effects of textual constraint and metacomprehension monitoring competence. The Journal of General Psychology (IF 0.409) Pub Date : 2020-08-16 Fei Xu,Lin Fan,Zhen Wang,Weijuan Wang,Jing Meng
Abstract Previous research into predictive inferences making showed that textual constraint influenced hemispheric processing of the inferences. However, the relationship between metacomprehension monitoring competence (MMC) and hemispheric processing of predictive inferences has rarely been investigated. The present study employed a divided visual field (DVF) paradigm to examine the effects of textual
-
Mindfulness and emotional exhaustion in call center agents in the Philippines: moderating roles of work and personal characteristics. The Journal of General Psychology (IF 0.409) Pub Date : 2020-08-04 Peerayuth Charoensukmongkol,Jenette Villegas Puyod
Abstract This research explored the association between the mindfulness of call center agents in the Philippines and the level of emotional exhaustion they experienced. The study also contributes to the literature by investigating the role of call center agents’ work (job demands and supervisory position) and personal characteristics (age and marital status) as moderating factors that might influence
-
Anticipated emotional and behavioral responses to ambiguous rejection by a significant other, friend, or acquaintance. The Journal of General Psychology (IF 0.409) Pub Date : 2020-07-25 Tucker L Jones,Mark A Barnett
Abstract Although there is an extensive literature on interpersonal rejection, individual studies that have examined adults’ emotional and behavioral responses to rejection have tended to limit their scope to a specific category of rejector (e.g., acquaintances). As a result, prior research has failed to systematically investigate whether individuals’ emotional and behavioral responses to perceived
-
The effectiveness of supervisor support in lessening perceived uncertainties and emotional exhaustion of university employees during the COVID-19 crisis: the constraining role of organizational intransigence. The Journal of General Psychology (IF 0.409) Pub Date : 2020-07-21 Peerayuth Charoensukmongkol,Tipnuch Phungsoonthorn
Abstract Despite the severity of the COVID-19 crisis, which has affected organizations worldwide, there is a lack of research on the organizational factors that affect the psychological wellbeing of the employees of an organization affected by the crisis. This research uses the case of employees at two international universities in Thailand that have been directly affected by the COVID-19 crisis. Grounded
-
Neurophysiological foundations of loss and failure sadness differently modulate emotional conceptual processing. The Journal of General Psychology (IF 0.409) Pub Date : 2020-07-09 Mariko Shirai,Takahiro Soshi
Abstract Sadness is divided into two subtypes, namely loss and failure sadness, which are encoded by different concepts of one’s mind. However, it is unclear how such a conceptual difference is supported by neurophysiological foundations. In the present study, we conducted an electroencephalogram experiment for processing congruency between loss- and failure-sadness contexts and emotional words. Electroencephalogram
-
Inhibitory control is associated with the activation of output-driven competitors in a spoken word recognition task. The Journal of General Psychology (IF 0.409) Pub Date : 2020-05-28 Libo Zhao,Shanshan Yuan,Ying Guo,Shan Wang,Chuansheng Chen,Shudong Zhang
Abstract Although lexical competition has been ubiquitously observed in spoken word recognition, less has been known about whether the lexical competitors interfere with the recognition of the target and how lexical interference is resolved. The present study examined whether lexical competitors overlapping in output with the target would interfere with its recognition, and tested an underestimated
-
Psychometric properties of the Turkish version of the Behavioral Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (BERQ). The Journal of General Psychology (IF 0.409) Pub Date : 2020-04-28 Ezgi Tuna
Abstract The Behavioral Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (BERQ) is a self-report measure of the behavioral strategies individuals use to regulate emotions in response to stressful or negative events. The purpose of the present study was to report on the psychometric properties of the Turkish version. The sample was recruited through courses at a semi-private university in Turkey and through social-media
-
Abusive supervision and newcomers' turnover intention: a perceived workplace ostracism perspective. The Journal of General Psychology (IF 0.409) Pub Date : 2020-04-25 Zhenyuan Wang,Jianghong Du,Mingyang Yu,Hui Meng,Junhong Wu
Abstract The relationship between abusive supervision and newcomers’ turnover intention was explored from the perspective of perceived workplace ostracism. Findings from three-wave data (n = 300) showed that (1) abusive supervision was positively associated with newcomers’ perceived coworker ostracism, perceived supervisor ostracism, and turnover intention; (2) rather than perceived coworker ostracism
-
Daily associations between social media use and memory failures: the mediating role of negative affect The Journal of General Psychology (IF 0.409) Pub Date : 2020-04-11 Neika Sharifian, Laura B. Zahodne
Abstract Daily social media use has been previously linked to worse everyday memory functioning in adulthood; however, the underlying mechanisms that drive these associations are unclear. One pathway in which social media use may negatively influence memory functioning is through a decrease in emotional well-being. Therefore, using a daily diary study from the Midlife in the United States Refresher
-
Testing can facilitate forgetting of tested items The Journal of General Psychology (IF 0.409) Pub Date : 2020-04-09 Toshihiro Wakebe, Eiichiro Watamura, Tomomi Sato
Abstract Previous research has shown that taking a test facilitates memory retention on later retesting, although facilitation is stronger when retesting is delayed. On the basis of the finding that testing prevents later forgetting without affecting memory recovery, we investigated immediate effects of taking a test on retrievability of a tested item. In two experiments, forty participants recalled
-
Self-criticism, self-compassion, and perceived health: moderating effect of ethnicity The Journal of General Psychology (IF 0.409) Pub Date : 2020-04-03 Güler Boyraz, Dominique N. Legros, Wendy B. Berger
Abstract A caring and compassionate attitude toward the self (i.e., self-compassion) has been linked to various mental and physical health benefits. The Self-Compassion Scale (SCS) is widely used in psychology literature in order to assess global self-compassion. However, recent evidence suggests that the single factor model comprising positive and negative items of the SCS in fact measures two distinct
-
Negative urgency and time perspective: interactive associations with anxiety and depression. The Journal of General Psychology (IF 0.409) Pub Date : 2020-03-31 Ayse Altan-Atalay,Irmak Özarslan,Bikem Biriz
Abstract Time perspective, which refers to a mechanism of automatically assigning experiences into temporal categories (as past, present, and future), is argued to be a fundamental dimension in the construction of psychological time in addition to acting as a vulnerability factor for psychological disorders. Negative urgency is another vulnerability factor for psychological disorders that are characterized
-
Simple-categorization dominance and evaluation of the crossed-categorization target: comparison of different perspectives. The Journal of General Psychology (IF 0.409) Pub Date : 2020-01-14 Jingjing Song,Yifan Ruan
Abstract The current study analyzed the effect of simple-categorization dominance on the evaluation of crossed-categorization target from the perspective of observer (other) and actor (self). With a focus on the young–poor target, in Study 1 and Study 2, participants were assigned to observer or actor perspective and were randomly assigned to one of three experimental groups: age simple-categorization
-
Word frequency effects on judgments of learning: More than just beliefs The Journal of General Psychology (IF 0.409) Pub Date : 2019-12-27 Pedro S. Mendes, Karlos Luna, Pedro B. Albuquerque
Abstract Judgments of learning (JOLs) are usually higher for high-frequency words than for low-frequency words, which has been attributed to beliefs about how word frequency affects memory. The main goal of the present study was to explore if identifying word frequency as a relevant cue is necessary for it to affect JOLs. The idea is that for one to base judgments in beliefs of how a variable affects
-
The use of internet language enhances creative performance The Journal of General Psychology (IF 0.409) Pub Date : 2019-12-18 Yi Zhang, Shi Chen, Songqing Li, Qingbai Zhao, Zhijin Zhou, Furong Huang, Fuxing Wang
Abstract Internet language is a creative product of the rapid development of computer-mediated communication. The present study was to investigate whether the use of Internet language enhances creative problem solving. In Study 1, sixty-two selected participants were equally divided into two groups according to their use experience of Chinese Internet language, and then both more and less experienced
-
Personality disorders characterized by anxiety predict Alzheimer's disease in women: A case-control studies The Journal of General Psychology (IF 0.409) Pub Date : 2019-12-13 Joana Henriques-Calado, Maria Eugénia Duarte-Silva
Abstract This research is geared toward the evaluation of current and pre-morbid personality psychopathology in Alzheimer's disease (AD). The study was conducted with four groups who were administered the Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire-4+, mainly in the form of individual interviews. Current measurement: AD Group, 44 female participants (M = 81.36 years); Control Group, 80 female participants
-
The influence of encoding and testing directions on retrieval of spatial information in explored and described environments The Journal of General Psychology (IF 0.409) Pub Date : 2019-12-06 Ilaria Santoro, Fabrizio Sors, Serena Mingolo, Valter Prpic, Michele Grassi, Tiziano Agostini, Mauro Murgia
Abstract The verbal descriptions of an environment elicit a spatial mental model, in which the linear disposition of the described objects might be related to the properties of the description. In particular the direction from which the environment is encoded might shape the spatial mental model, as a consequence of a cultural bias in reading and writing direction. The aim of the present study was
-
What is the protective role of perceived social support and religiosity in suicidal ideation in young adults? The Journal of General Psychology (IF 0.409) Pub Date : 2019-11-29 Jorge-Manuel Dueñas,Matheus Fernández,Fàbia Morales-Vives
Abstract Suicide is more effectively prevented when its first manifestations are detected. The first warning sign may be suicidal ideation, so identifying these thoughts and the factors that protect against them is essential if solutions are to be found to this social problem. The purpose of this study, then, is to determine the role of religiosity, perceived social support, and depressive symptomatology
-
Factor structure and measurement invariance of the oneness behaviors scale across India and Turkey. The Journal of General Psychology (IF 0.409) Pub Date : 2019-11-26 Duysal Aşkun,Radha R Sharma,Fatih Çetin
Abstract As oneness reflects the much-needed worldview in the 21st century, exploring how oneness behaviors might play out in different cultures seem a worthwhile scientific pursuit in the service of humanity. The main purpose of the present study is to test whether factor structure and measurement construct of Oneness Behaviors Scale is valid on the Indian sample. A total of 1040 participants (651
-
The cognitive mechanisms of the power-space associations: an individual differences approach. The Journal of General Psychology (IF 0.409) Pub Date : 2019-11-18 Fen Tang,Lei Zhu
Abstract A power–space interaction, which denotes the phenomenon that people responded faster to powerful words with up cursor keys and faster to powerless words with down cursor keys, has been repeatedly found. In the present study, we took an individual differences approach to investigate how the power–space interaction is modulated by the spatial cognition. First, we found that the amplitude of
-
Do say "thank you": verbal expressions of politeness and gratitude influence interpersonal perceptions. The Journal of General Psychology (IF 0.409) Pub Date : 2019-11-15 Nicole M Percival,Briony D Pulford
Abstract This study investigates how expressions of politeness and gratitude influence interpersonal perceptions of a job interviewee’s trustworthiness and personality. A pilot study disentangled politeness and gratitude ratings for phrases. Statements expressing politeness with high or low gratitude were selected and inserted into a job-interview transcript, with the female interviewee depicted as
-
I am satisfied with my sweetheart, therefore I am satisfied with my life (and vice versa): a cross-lagged autoregressive panel model. The Journal of General Psychology (IF 0.409) Pub Date : 2019-11-12 Ali Serdar Sağkal,Yalçın Özdemir
Abstract Forming, maintaining, and ending romantic relationship is a crucial developmental task in emerging adulthood and highly correlated with psychosocial well-being. Although the direction of associations between relational and individual processes has been investigated in married couples, the longitudinal links between relationship satisfaction and life satisfaction has not yet been explored in
-
Ezekiel's classic estimator of the population squared multiple correlation coefficient: Monte Carlo-based extensions and refinements. The Journal of General Psychology (IF 0.409) Pub Date : 2019-10-25 James B Hittner
Abstract Ezekiel’s adjusted R2 is widely used in linear regression analysis. The present study examined the statistical properties of Ezekiel’s measure through a series of Monte Carlo simulations. Specifically, we examined the bias and root mean squared error (RMSE) of Ezekiel’s adjusted R2 relative to (a) the sample R2 statistic, and (b) the sample R2 minus the expected value of R2. Simulation design
-
Reactions to ideal body shapes. The Journal of General Psychology (IF 0.409) Pub Date : 2019-10-12 Katarina Prnjak,Stephanie Pemberton,Eric Helms,James G Phillips
Abstract Difficult-to-attain beauty standards that are promulgated by the media could contribute to body dissatisfaction, but their potential impact upon body image remains unclear. The present study examined reactions to thin-ideal and muscular-ideal images, and examined the effects of ideal image exposure on preferred body shape and time spent deliberating about ideal shape. In a 2 × 2 experimental
-
The effect of educational priming on face recognition from a silver alert. The Journal of General Psychology (IF 0.409) Pub Date : 2019-09-23 Vicki S Gier,David S Kreiner
Abstract In a between-subjects’ experimental design, we manipulated whether participants viewed an educational video on the importance of Silver Alerts before viewing an older Caucasian female in a Silver Alert. We also examined associations of target recognition with individual difference variables, including gender, ethnicity, Attitudes Towards Older People (ATOP), empathy, conscientiousness, as
-
The antecedents of social value orientation among Turkish adolescents and emerging adults. The Journal of General Psychology (IF 0.409) Pub Date : 2019-09-23 E Helin Yaban,Melike Sayıl
Abstract The current correlational study examined the individual (self-regulation) and social (self-construal, parental practices) antecedents of social value orientations (SVO) among middle adolescents and emerging adults. The sample consisted of randomly selected 218 middle adolescents (ages 14–15) and 219 emerging adults (ages 19–25) and their parents in a metropolitan area of Ankara, Turkey. The
-
Increased accessibility of semantic concepts after (more or less) subtle activation of related concepts: support for the basic tenet of priming research. The Journal of General Psychology (IF 0.409) Pub Date : 2019-09-20 Tristan Marhenke,Roland Imhoff
Abstract Increasingly remote concepts and behaviors have been primed, which have come under increasing criticism. In this present experiment, we take a step back and try to strengthen the roots of priming research. In this experiment, we systematically varied the activation or priming of a concept in six experiments (N = 1285). We then measured accessibility for semantic concepts using a word stem
-
Riskier for me or for others? The role of domain and probability in self-other differences, in risky decision-making. The Journal of General Psychology (IF 0.409) Pub Date : 2019-09-18 Qingzhou Sun,Tao Jiang,Jing Zhang,Qingyuan Wu,Lei Zhao,Fengpei Hu
Abstract In social and economic interactions, people often decide differently for others, as against for themselves, under situations involving risks. This sometimes leads to conflicts or contradictions. Although previous studies have explored such contradictions, the findings have been inconsistent. To reconcile these inconsistencies, this paper investigates the role played by the different domains
-
Individuals' economic value orientation or social equity value orientation? A dual value orientation in the process of house demolition compensation. The Journal of General Psychology (IF 0.409) Pub Date : 2019-09-18 Fengpei Hu,Tao Jiang,Huadong Chu,Rongjie Chu,Xizan Jin,Xiaofen Yu
Abstract The development of society and the economy has given rise to housing demolition. Using the psychological perspective of reference points, this paper studied the effects of tri-reference points (TRP) and social comparison on demolition compensation fairness perception through experiments in a demolished community. According to TRP theory, there are three special reference points (minimum requirements
-
Recognition without Cued Recall across Chinese and English: Exploring the Role of Phonological, Orthographic, and Semantic Features. The Journal of General Psychology (IF 0.409) Pub Date : 2019-08-07 Yongping Jia,Hanyue Liu,Bingjie Li,Chu Zhou,Lin Li,Li Zheng,Xiuyan Guo
Abstract Recognition without cued recall (RWCR) is a phenomenon that participants can effectively discriminate cues that resemble studied items from the ones that do not, even when they are not able to recall a studied item which is cued at test. It has been shown that a word’s features could give rise to the RWCR effect. In the present study, by using this paradigm, we systematically investigated
-
Life is short, stay awake: Death anxiety and bedtime procrastination. The Journal of General Psychology (IF 0.409) Pub Date : 2019-07-10 Kutlu Kağan Türkarslan,Deniz Okay,Mustafa Çevrim,Özlem Bozo
Abstract In the present study, the relation between bedtime procrastination and death anxiety, and also the moderator roles of gender and purpose in life were investigated. Data were collected from 245 participants through an online survey. The results revealed that gender, but not purpose in life, moderated the relation between death anxiety and bedtime procrastination. The effect of death anxiety
-
The relationship between explicit self-esteem and subjective well-being: The moderating effect of implicit self-esteem. The Journal of General Psychology (IF 0.409) Pub Date : 2019-05-14 Lin Zhang,Quanlei Yu,Qiuying Zhang,Yafei Guo,Jianwen Chen
Abstract Explicit self-esteem (ESE) is an important factor influencing subject well-being (SWB). However, the relationship between ESE and SWB is not clear. Due to the complex nature of self-esteem, implicit self-esteem (ISE) might moderate the relationship between ESE and SWB. Furthermore, providing the consistency between ISE and ESE, the interacting effect of ISE and ESE would only be significant
-
Physical aggression, relational aggression and anger in preschool children: The mediating role of emotion regulation. The Journal of General Psychology (IF 0.409) Pub Date : 2019-05-14 Ceyhun Ersan
Abstract In early years, anger in children may cause aggressive behaviors. Previous studies show that the development of emotion regulation decreases anger and aggression in children. In this study, the mediating role of emotion regulation in the relationship between children's anger expression levels and their physical and relational aggression was investigated using structural equation modeling.
-
The differential effect of background music on memory for verbal and visuospatial information. The Journal of General Psychology (IF 0.409) Pub Date : 2019-04-29 Claudia Echaide,David Del Río,Javier Pacios
Abstract Background music is a part of our everyday activities. Considerable evidence suggests that listening to music while performing cognitive tasks may negatively influence performance. However, other studies have shown that it can benefit memory when the music played during the encoding of information is also provided during the retrieval of that information, in the so-called context dependent
-
Differences in linguistic and psychological characteristics between suicide notes and diaries. The Journal of General Psychology (IF 0.409) Pub Date : 2019-04-22 Kyungil Kim,Sunhee Choi,Joohyung Lee,Jonghan Sea
Abstract The objective of this study was to explore linguistic and psychological differences in suicide notes and the diaries of non-suicidal people. Fifty-six suicide notes and 56 personal diary entries were analyzed to provide basic descriptive data on linguistic and psychological variables using the Korean Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count Program. The results revealed that the two groups noticeably
-
Latent variables should remain as such: Evidence from a Monte Carlo study. The Journal of General Psychology (IF 0.409) Pub Date : 2019-04-22 Karina Rdz-Navarro
Abstract Use of subject scores as manifest variables to assess the relationship between latent variables produces attenuated estimates. This has been demonstrated for raw scores from classical test theory (CTT) and factor scores derived from factor analysis. Conclusions on scores have not been sufficiently extended to item response theory (IRT) theta estimates, which are still recommended for estimation
Contents have been reproduced by permission of the publishers.