ABSTRACT Background Patients with a dementia diagnosis and COVID-19 sometimes manifest an atypical clinical picture. However, differences between elderly COVID-19 patients having dementia and those not having dementia have not been described yet. The in-hospital mortality and out-of-hospital mortality from both groups has not been reported. Objective The primary aim of this study is to determine if

ABSTRACT Background: Social disengagement among older persons may result from accumulated physical impact and social stressors experienced throughout life. Conversely, interventions that enhance social participation addresses social isolation with positive influences on health. This article, therefore, aimed to review the range of published studies that evaluated the health benefits of interventions

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVES. Socio-emotional selectivity theory implies that an individual’s motives change over their lifespan, starting with a focus on information seeking and shifting toward the motivation of maintaining emotionally meaningful social relationships in old age. The concept of future time perspective serves as an underlying mechanism for this phenomenon. METHODS. This study aimed to capture

ABSTRACT Background: Sarcopenia has a high prevalence in older adults and is associated with chronic aggravations to health, so therefore it is important to identify older adults who are affected by sarcopenia in order to establish preventative strategies or early interventions. Objective: To estimate the prevalence of probable sarcopenia and verify its association with cognitive impairment, fear of

ABSTRACT Background: Heart rate variability (HRV) has been suggested as an indicator of capacity to adapt effectively to physiological or environmental challenges and of physical and psychological health in old age. Aims: The study assessed levels of high-frequency HRV (HF-HRV) among older adults in relation to positive and negative affect and the mediating role of positive and negative affect in the

ABSTRACT Postural control may be automated and leave residual attentional capacity for concurrent cognitive challenges – i.e. dual-task capacity. In old people and impaired individuals, the automatization is lost but dual-task performance may deteriorate even earlier in life. A convenience sample of 112 healthy individuals represented three subgroups: <30 years, 30–60 years and >60 years. They were

ABSTRACT Loneliness is defined as the subjective feeling that one’s social needs are not satisfied by both quantity and quality of one’s social relationships. Loneliness has been linked to a broad range of adverse physical and mental health consequences. There is an interest in identifying the neural and molecular processes by which loneliness adversely affects health. Prior imaging studies reported

ABSTRACT Background As health care improves and more people work into later age, it is important to understand what impacts open-mindedness has on decision-making. This paper examined the role of aging on open-mindedness. Methods Open-mindedness was measured across 12 studies before data amalgamation. The Actively Open-minded Thinking (AOT) scale and Actively Open-minded Thinking about Evidence (AOT-e)

ABSTRACT Objectives: The current research addressed gaps in the literature regarding short-term computerized cognitive retest performance in young and older adults using two integrated speed-accuracy metrics. The aims were: (a) to advance the aging literature on short-term retest performance using a computerized cognitive battery and a retest schedule that included both within- and between-day time

ABSTRACT Background: There is bourgeoning interest in how older adults remember their falls and research in this area has demonstrated how falls can reshape memory retrieval in older adults. We pursued this line of research by assessing whether older adults succeed in integrating memories of falls into their life story. Methods: We invited older adults to remember their falls and analyzed whether these

ABSTRACT Elderly is a part of life that is associated with physical and mental disorders. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of 8 weeks of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) along with genistein (Ge) on memory, anxiety, physical persistence and aerobic power in elderly rats. Forty elderly rats were randomly assigned to five groups of eight rats including 1) control (C), 2) sham

ABSTRACT Objectives Studies have shown that religiosity (R) and spirituality (S) can positively impact older adults’ life. Nevertheless, no validated tools for measuring these constructs in the older Italian population are currently available. This study investigates the psychometric properties of two of the most common measures of R and S in the literature: the Francis Scale of Attitude toward Christianity

ABSTRACT Objective: This study was undertaken to adapt Workplace Age Discrimination Scale (WADS) to Turkish. Methods: The sample of the study was composed of 465 volunteered women and men (18+ years) who had an active working life. Corrected item total correlation and Cronbach’s alpha internal consistency coefficient were calculated for reliability of WADS. High order confirmatory factor analysis was

ABSTRACT Introduction: A national confinement was imposed in France in March 2020 during 55 days to prevent the spread of the virus and protect vulnerable people such as older individuals. This study aimed to describe the movement behaviors, and their determinants, of elderly people (≥ 65 years) during the confinement. Methods: An online survey was conducted from April 1st, 2020 to May 6th, 2020 by

ABSTRACT Background: This study addresses two issues: Whether age-related differences in working memory (WM) can be studied in online samples, and whether such differences reflect an inhibitory deficit. Currently, the evidence is mixed, but the playing field was not level because traditional statistics cannot provide evidence for the null hypothesis. Experiment 1: MTurk workers (ages 19–74) performed

ABSTRACT The faster fading of unpleasant affect than pleasant affect is known as the Fading Affect Bias (FAB). The FAB generalizes across cultures and event types, it is positively related to rehearsals and healthy outcomes, and it is negatively related to unhealthy outcomes. Experiment 1 Objective, Sample/Population, and Method: We examined the importance of different rehearsal types for the FAB across

ABSTRACT Background:Mobility and independence of older adults are influenced by age-related capabilities and limitations, as well as environmental factors such as non-optimum design of public seating (e.g., inappropriate seat height, angle, and compressibility as well as armrests). This study was the first part of a multi-stage investigation of the impact of public seating on older adults. Method:One

ABSTRACT Objectives: We aimed to address whether increased task difficulty is sufficient to induce heightened conscious control and influence gait performance in older adults through the manipulations of either task difficulty or attentional focus. Method: Fifty older adults, split into high- (HR) and low-reinvestor (LR) groups, performed a walking task on a 7.4 m straight walkway in two conditions:

ABSTRACT Objective: Fatigue among older adults has not received empirical attention in the Arabic region. Thus, this study aimed to assess the levels of fatigue and its related psychosocial factors and examine the predictors of fatigue in older Jordanians aged 60 years and more. Methods: This study used a cross-sectional design and our sample was 250 older adults receiving health services at comprehensive

ABSTRACT Background: It is still an open to what extent the ecological validity of face stimuli modulates age-related differences in the recognition of facial expression; and to what extent eye gaze direction may play a role in this process. The present study tested whether age effects in facial expression recognition, also as a function of eye gaze direction, would be less pronounced in dynamic than

ABSTRACT Aim and objective: This study aimed to identify the variables that contributed to Quality of Life (QoL) of Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) caregivers, taking into consideration the caregiving context, stressors, role strains, and resources. Methods: The sample included 102 caregivers of AD patients who answered the following instruments: Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale-21; Satisfaction with

ABSTRACT Objective To assess whether the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT) could differentiate deterioration from Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) to dementia. Methods Twenty-six participants who were diagnosed with MCI performed the RAVLT and the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) at baseline and after nearly a decade (M = 8.8 years, SD = 3.16), in order to evaluate whether they progressed

ABSTRACT Background: This study aimed to compare the BMD status among the clinical subtypes of PD and healthy controls. Methods: Sixty patients with PD and 30 healthy age- and sex-matched controls were included in this study. The patients were divided into postural instability gait difficulty-dominant type (PIGDDT) group and tremor-dominant type (TDT) group based on the Unified Parkinson’s Disease

ABSTRACT Background:There is a pressing need for assessment approaches that can be deployed remotely to measure cognitive outcomes in clinical trials and longitudinal aging cohorts. We evaluated the utility of a mobile phone-based intensive measurement study for this purpose. Method:A small cohort of healthy older adults (N = 17, mean age = 73) completed five assessment “bursts” over 12 months, with

ABSTRACT The effect of age on episodic memory has recently been shown to be modulated by individual characteristics such as psycho-emotional status. We investigated the combined effects of age and a psycho-emotional variable, Self-Esteem, on episodic memory (Cued-recall and recognition). We also examined the contribution of anxiety level on the influence of Self-Esteem on episodic memory during aging

ABSTRACT Aim: The present study was designed to investigate how behavioral (dual-action) demands in dual tasks are mentally represented in older adults and how these representations might contribute to the practice-related improvement of dual-task performance. Three different theoretical representation accounts were empirically tested: a structuralist account, a holistic account, and a contextual change

ABSTRACT Objective: To study whether memory control beliefs predict response to memory training, or change as a result of participating in memory training. Methods: Eighty community based participants with subjective memory complaints Community-based study at UCLA were randomized to one of three conditions: Memory Training, the program consisted of weekly 120-minute classes featuring instruction in

ABSTRACT Background: Older adults rarely seek cognitive assessment, but often visit other healthcare professionals (e.g., audiologists). Noninvasive clinical measures within the scopes of practice of those professions sensitive to cognitive impairment are needed. Purpose: This study examined the differences of probable mild cognitive impairment (MCI) on latency and mean amplitude of the P3b auditory

ABSTRACT Background: Past studies have been equivocal regarding age differences in reappraisal efficacy. Moreover, the use of laboratory-generated stimuli (e.g., images, film clips) may overestimate age differences. Instead, the use of self-relevant stimuli (e.g., autobiographical memory) may better represent the day-to-day implementation of reappraisal. Method: Younger and older adults generated 50

ABSTRACT Introduction: It is essential to have sensitive, economical and quick cognitive screening tools for early detection of Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI). The objective of the present study was to assess a new way of interpreting widely used screening tests, generating a new score: the CSIS (Combined Screening Interpretation Score). The CSIS considers the performance in various routine screening

ABSTRACT Aim: The aim of this cross-sectional study was to determine which functional tests are able to predict falls in nursing home residents (NHR) and community-dwelling (CDW) older adults grouped by age. Methods: Two hundred and fifty-two older adults were assessed in the following tests, Mini-Mental State Examination, anthropometric characteristics, fall history and functional tests. The participants

ABSTRACT Background/study context: F2-Isoprostanes are putative markers of oxidative stress, one of the processes associated with biological senescence. Evidence exists for elevated F2-Isoprostanes in chronic conditions including psychiatric disorders. Few studies have examined the relationship between oxidative stress and mood in older healthy samples, to establish the influence on mental health.

ABSTRACT Aim: The present study tested a compensatory executive intervention for prospective memory (goal management training) for the first time in older adults. Prospective memory (the ability to remember and execute a task in the future) declines with age, with significant implications for older adults’ activities of daily living and quality of life. Prospective memory interventions have focused

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Cognitive decline in the normal aging process is one of the most common and prominent problems. Delaying and alleviating cognitive impairment is an important strategy of anti-aging. This study is to aim at investigating the effects of Yinxing-Mihuan-Oral-Liquid(GMOL) on the CREB/BDNF signaling in the normal aging process. METHODS: SD rats were randomly divided into GMOL group and

ABSTRACT Background: This study aims to compare the predictive value of all comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) parameters with the predictive value of frailty assessment (with Edmonton Frailty Scale (EFS) and Fried Frailty Index (FFI)) for long-term mortality, in older adults. Methods: A total of 967 patients were included, consecutively. At the first admission, age, gender, comorbidities, number

ABSTRACT Aim: The aim of this cross-sectional study was to determine which functional tests are able to predict falls in nursing home residents (NHR) and community-dwelling (CDW) older adults grouped by age. Methods: Two hundred and fifty-two older adults were assessed in the following tests, Mini-Mental State Examination, anthropometric characteristics, fall history and functional tests. The participants

ABSTRACT Background: Past studies have been equivocal regarding age differences in reappraisal efficacy. Moreover, the use of laboratory-generated stimuli (e.g., images, film clips) may overestimate age differences. Instead, the use of self-relevant stimuli (e.g., autobiographical memory) may better represent the day-to-day implementation of reappraisal. Method: Younger and older adults generated 50

ABSTRACT How prospective memory (PM) weakens with increasing age has been largely debated. We hypothesized that automatic and strategic PM processes, respectively mediated by focal and non-focal cues, are differently affected by aging, even starting from 50–60 years of age. We investigated this issue using a 2 × 2 design in which focal and non-focal experimental conditions were created by varying the

ABSTRACT Background: The effects of emotional stimuli on memory in older adults are often addressed in terms of socio-emotional selectivity theory and the valence dimension. Older adults usually remember positive stimuli better than negative stimuli. However, studies examining the effects of discrete emotions on the elderly are still limited. The present study examined the effects of negative and positive

ABSTRACT Objectives Most prior studies on the positivity effect have been conducted in Western cultures, and research in East Asian cultures has been limited, with inconsistent findings. Herein we investigate whether the positivity effect is present in Korean older adults. Moreover, we examined individual indifferences alongside age differences in the positivity effect because not all older adults

ABSTRACT Background As the number of seniors around the world continues to proliferate, research devoted to enhancing our understanding of the specific needs of these individuals is warranted. The present research documents how the concept of time influences the preferences and behavioral intentions of older and younger adults in a consumer behavior context. Methods Study 1 had 99 young adults (under

ABSTRACT Background: To investigate the association of polypharmacy with physical function, nutritional status, and depression in the elderly. Method: The study included 675 people aged over 65 years from 8 centers in various geographical regions. The polypharmacy status was categorized as non-polypharmacy (0–4 drugs), polypharmacy (≥5 drugs). The subjects’ physical function was assessed based on their

ABSTRACT Background: Previous studies on perceptual letter-matching have found that younger and older adults showed “fast-same” effects for response time and “false-different” effects for errors but the effects were more pronounced for older adults. According to the Noisy Operator Theory, internal noise in visual processing distorts “same” trials into appearing different whereas distortion for “different”

ABSTRACT Background: Previous studies on perceptual letter-matching have found that younger and older adults showed “fast-same” effects for response time and “false-different” effects for errors but the effects were more pronounced for older adults. According to the Noisy Operator Theory, internal noise in visual processing distorts “same” trials into appearing different whereas distortion for “different”

Background Older adults with lower levels of activity can be at risk of poor health outcomes. Wearable technology has improved the acceptability and objectivity of measuring activity for older adults in high-income countries. Nevertheless, the technology is under-utilized in low-to-middle income countries. The aim was to explore feasibility, acceptability and utility of wearable technology to measure

Background Previous studies on the effect of healthy aging on Theory of Mind (ToM) have produced mixed results. A possible explanation may be that different ToM components and types of inference have not systematically been considered. This study examined the effect of aging on ToM by assessing both first and second order cognitive and affective components within a single task. Methods We compared

Background For decades, the nature of emotions has been at the center of psychological research, particularly regarding the underlying mechanisms that enable people to perceive, recognize, and process emotional stimuli. Research has indicated that there are interindividual differences in the processing of emotions. This includes age, which underlies neurological changes that contribute to the specific

Background Balance disorders are common in the elderly and are a major cause of falls. This study aimed to determine the effect of acupressure on dynamic balance in elderly women. Methods This randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted on 72 elderly women in Qazvin, Iran. The intervention group received rotary massage using the thumb at the pressure points for 4 weeks, 3 times a week for 20 minutes

Background Personality is a predictor of subjective well-being in older and younger adults, but less is known about the underlying mechanisms. One possible mechanism is psychological flexibility, which is the ability to keep an open mind-set in order to make flexible choices adapted to the situation at hand. Methods We recruited 60 younger and 60 older adults and measured personality and well-being

Background/Study context Recent research has shown a benefit of temporally regular structure presented during the maintenance period in short-term memory for young adults. Because maintenance is impaired in aging, we investigated whether older adults can also benefit from the temporal regularities for maintenance and how their cognitive capacities might affect this potential benefit. Methods Healthy

Background The purpose of this research was to investigate the relationship between Menopause Specific Quality of Life (MENQOL), Perceived Social Support (PSS) and factors associated with MENQOL among a group of Iranian Postmenopausal women in 2018. Methods In this cross-sectional study 410 of Postmenopausal Iranian women in Neyshabur are examined. QOL was assessed using MENQOL questionnaire, and social

Backgrounds Fatigue is a common complaint in older adults living in rest homes. The aim of this study was to investigate the factors associated with fatigue among older adults living in a rest home. Methods This cross-sectional study was carried out with a total of 92 older adults. Fatigue was evaluated by the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS). The sociodemographic characteristics, quadriceps and handgrip

Background/Study Context We assessed the influence of wearing an Age Simulation Suit (GERT) on gross motor, fine motor and cognitive performance in healthy young adults. Methods In a within-subjects design, we tested 20 young adults (M age = 22.3 years) with and without the Age Simulation Suit. We assessed gross motor (Functional Fitness test) and fine motor (Purdue Pegboard test) functioning, cognitive

Introduction Resveratrol, a natural polyphenol abundant in grapes and red wine, has been reported to exert numerous beneficial health effects in the body. High-Intensity Interval Exercise (HIIT) is a form of interval training that provides improved athletic capacity and has a protective effect on health. The purpose of this study was to investigate the interactive effects of swimming HIIT and Resveratrol

Background Whether bilingualism can improve aspects of cognitive function in late adulthood is hotly debated. A few limited studies have reported that bilingualism may provide a limited buffer against age-related cognitive decline; however, others have not. The present study furthered this inquiry by analyzing the combined effects of age and language experience upon executive function in a geographically

Brain donation in studies on aging remains a critical pathway to discovering and improving preventive measures and treatments for Alzheimer’s dementia and related disorders. Brain donation for research is almost exclusively obtained from non-Latinx Whites of higher socioeconomic status in the United States. Despite persistent efforts, it has been difficult to obtain consent for brain donation among

Background: Neuropsychological functioning and visual working memory are vulnerable to age-related decline. This investigation examines the impact of meditation on the said outcomes for older adults in assisted living facilities. Older adults (N = 136) from four assisted living facilities in Mumbai and Pretoria were randomized into intervention and waitlist control groups. Method: The Repeatable Battery

Objective: This study was designed to explore age differences in the relationship of neuroticism with reasoning performance in a representative adult sample. Method: A probability sample of 242 adults (range 25–75 years; M age = 47.57 years) from the Midlife Development in the United States (MIDUS) Boston Study of Management Processes were measured on personality and cognition. Using Raven’s Progressive

Background: A number of cognitive aging models have been proposed to explain the age-related decline in several cognitive functions, but these models have rarely been examined together. We analyzed the contributions of four main models – processing resources, speed of processing, cognitive reserve and knowledge – to source memory decay related to the aging process. Methods: A total of 1554 healthy

Background: Tests such as the Functional Independence Measure (FIM) are widely used measures of infirmity and burden of care. However, these scales are largely qualitative and especially problematic when assessing movement-based tasks. Effective, reliable analysis of human movement is technically complicated and expensive, but an infrared depth sensor is potentially a low-cost, portable devise which