ABSTRACT An original, brushite (BR) based injectable bone substitute material comprised of plant-based nano cellulose i.e. cellulose nano crystal (CNC) and β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) as the solid phase was developed. The purpose of this study was to explore the physico-mechanical and in-vitro biological properties of the prepared injectable bone substitute. The exceptional qualities of CNC including

ABSTRACT ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) of average size of ~36 nm have been successfully synthesised using a low-temperature bio-synthesis method employing Azadirachta Indica leaf extract. Also cotton fabrics have been coated in-situ during synthesis of ZnO NPs for time durations of 30 , 45 , and 60 min. Amount of ZnO NPs on the cotton fabrics has been found to increase with increase in time. The bio-synthesized

ABSTRACT In the human body, maintaining the core body temperature (CBT) is vital to ensure proper cellular and body functions. The temperature of 37°C (98°F) is the well-established baseline for CBT, but significant deviations to under 35°C (95°F) or over 40°C (104°F) can result in several health complications. If unnoticed in spaceflight, astronauts CBT could reach dangerously high levels when doing

ABSTRACT A bone implant is one of the important areas in biomedical applications where biomaterial like polymers, ceramics and metals plays a deciding role. Polymethyl(methacrylate) (PMMA) is one of the biocompatible materials that can be used for fabricating bone implants. In this work, the combinations of PMMA, PMMA/HA, PMMA/Mg and PMMA/HA/Mg scaffolds were fabricated by the freeze casting process

ABSTRACT In the present study, a hydrothermal method has been used to optimise five morphologies of ZnO by varying the process parameters for biomedical applications. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns have revealed the single phases of ZnO peaks with hexagonal wurtzite structure. The crystallite sizes of different ZnO samples were depicted as 37.99 nm, 52.51 nm, 61.26 nm, 62.14 nm, and 66.02 nm, respectively

ABSTRACT Green synthesis of metal nanoparticles and nanocomposites offers numerous advantages over conventional methods. The present study deals with the synthesis of Ag nanoparticles and Ag@MoS2 nanocomposites by Dracocephalum kotschyi extract as a reductant and a stabilising agent. The influence of extract volume, reaction temperature, contact time and pH on the synthesis of d-AgNPs was investigated

ABSTRACT The aim of this survey was to fabrication of chitosan nanoparticle was loaded by Boswellia sacra essential oil (BS-CNPs) and investigation of its pharmacological activities.BS-CNPs was synthesized by ionic gelation method and characterized. BS-CNPs-mediated cell viability and cell death were studied by MTT, qPCR, AO/PI staining and flow cytometery. Anti-angiogenesis properties were evaluated

ABSTRACT The motive of the present investigation was to establish a novel, hybrid multifunctional lipid-coated graphene oxide mesoporous silica nanocomposite (GO-MSN) for controlled delivery of Rizatriptan Benzoate (RiB). The lipid coating helps to achieve a longer circulation time of the fabricated carrier for targeted delivery of RiB. The modified Hummers method with slight modification gives a uniform

ABSTRACT Copper-Zinc-Tin-Sulphide (CZTS)/n-Si and Copper-Indium-Gallium-Selenide (CIGS)/n-Si hetero-junction solar cells have been manufactured using Pulse Laser Deposition (PLD) technique. Properties of both CZTS&CIGS ultrathin films have been produced in comparable thicknesses, analysed and compared to each other. CIGS ultrathin film has smaller main crystalline size but absorbs more light compared

ABSTRACT There is plethora of parameters to take into consideration during designing of the 2D MXene. Some of them are crucial for obtaining particular morphology others are important for purity and surface chemistry. While the latter mainly corresponds to Mene etching and delamination, the first and second ones are critical from material design point of view. In other words, how we synthesise and

Abstract The present research work aimed to develop and characterize nanobubbles (NBs) for synergistic action in human cell line A549 using gefitinib and oxygen. NBs were prepared by loading oxygen in β-cyclodextrin-based inclusion complex (IC), whereas in nanosponges by polymer condensation method. Initially, the amino-functionalization was performed using (3-aminopropyl) triethoxysilane and then

ABSTRACT A novel g-C3N4/ZnO-TiO2 nanocomposite was prepared by facile calcination and hydrothermal assisted route to boost the photocatalytic efficiency of g-C3N4. The structural, morphology and optical properties of as-obtained nanocomposites (NCs) were examined by various physicochemical methods such as XRD, FT-IR, FESEM-EDX, HR-TEM, UV-DRS and PL spectra relatively. The as-obtained g-C3N4/ZnO-TiO2

ABSTRACT Selective Laser Sintering (SLS) is a widely used additive manufacturing (AM) technique for creating 3D geometries by adding materials in layers. Although neat polymer is mainly used in powder forms for production, organic or inorganic fillers can be added to produce polymer composites by SLS method. In this study, Polyamide 12 (PA 12) matrix composite parts filled with two different copper

ABSTRACT To the best of our knowledge, we present the first study on temperature-dependent photoluminescence (PL) of Al-doped and Ag co-doped ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) obtained by sol-gel co-precipitation. FTIR spectra revealed the presence of Zn-O, Al-O and Ag-O bonds in the respective samples. FESEM images showed spherical NPs in undoped ZnO, which were transformed into granular and rod-like structure

ABSTRACT The current study aims to explore the antimicrobial and anticancer activity of biogenic silver nanoparticles (B-AgNPs) synthesized using Bael leaf extract. AgNPs nanoparticles characterized using FESEM, TEM, XRD, and UV-Spectrophotometry. TEM analysis revealed that B-AgNPs were predominantly spheroidal with particle size distribution in the range of 7-10 nm. In MTT assay, when B-AgNPs were

ABSTRACT Recently, many researchers have paid attention to triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) to harvest mechanical energy. Thus, a clover-shaped triboelectric nanogenerator (C-TENG) was designed to obtain mechanical vibration energy and convert them into electricity. The polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) film and nylon film act as the triboelectric layers, and the plastic sheet serves as the supporting

ABSTRACT Liquid electrolyte based on lithium bis(oxalato)borate (LiBOB) polymer was prepared for the application in dye-sensitised solar cells (DSSCs). The electrolyte was optimised with varying content of 4-tert-butylpyridine (4TBP), guanidinium thiocyanate (GuCN), iodine and 1-propyl-3-methylimidazolium iodide (PMII) ionic liquid. Better cell performance was observed in solar cell devices with LiBOB-based

ABSTRACT Flexible electronic skin has tactile perception similar to human skin, and has been widely used in the field of human-computer interaction. The flexible electronic skin is designed and fabricated using poly-vinylidene fluoride (PVDF), reduced graphene oxide (rGO), and room temperature vulcanised (RTV) silicone rubber. Performed tests reveal that RTV silicone rubber has good piezoelectric properties

ABSTRACT This paper discusses the impact of the p-MoS2 transition metal dichalcogenide as an interfacial layer between the CZTS absorber and Mo back contact in the CZTS based solar cell. The study was performed using SCAPS-1D numerical simulation. The I–V characteristic demonstrated a higher slope than CZTS solar cells without considering the interfacial layer. The results verified that the p-MoS2 layer

ABSTRACT The present study reports a novel technique to synthesise silica nanoparticles through modified sol-gel, ultrasonication, and hydrothermal routes. Physio-chemical and structural characterization was carried out using X-ray diffraction, high resolution scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, ultraviolet-visible

ABSTRACT In this study, amorphous hydroxyapatite (am-HAp) incorporated compressible and nanofibrous polyglycolic acid (PGA-HAp) matrices were fabricated by three-dimensional (3-D) electrospinning. The synthesised am-HAp particles were in the size of 260 ± 45 nm. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analyses confirmed the chemical and phase structure of the am-HAp

ABSTRACT As an emerging ambient energy harvesting technology, triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) have been proven as robust power sources. Here, we reported a novel functional triboelectric nanogenerator based on the soft-foam (S-TENG). In this work, the soft-foam and the polyvinyl chloride (PVC) tape are used as the triboelectric materials, and the conductive copper is used as the conductive electrode

ABSTRACT Iron oxide (Fe880O) nanoparticles (IONPs) were synthesised via a chemical reaction by mixing hot red pepper with waste rust iron extract at 300°C for 1.5 hours to study the resulting antibacterial activity. The structural and optical properties of the NPs were characterised using X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), UV-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis)

ABSTRACT Recently, researchers have produced a triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) technology that can harvest mechanical energy. However, the expensive fabrication materials still hinder its widespread. Thus, we propose a novel cost-effective TENG (N-TENG) by using the napkin to harvest biomechanical energy and sense the human motion. The N-TENG can obtain the short-circuit current (Isc) of 42.38

ABSTRACT We designed three cholesterol-modified carboxylated pullulan (CHSP) polymers modified with different degrees of substitution (DS). Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) was used to characterize CHSP polymer and calculate the DS, which were 2.12%, 4.36% and 6.05% for CHSP1, CHSP2 and CHSP3. The particle sizes identified by dynamic light scattering (DLS) were approximately 229.4 nm, 185.1 nm and

ABSTRACT Green copper nanoparticles (M-Cu NPs) were successfully synthesised by using the extract of Mentha pulegium plant, a flowering plant in the family of Lamiaceae. The synthesised M-Cu NPs were characterized by advanced technical tools. The maximum absorbance, λmax was found to be 754 nm for M-Cu NPs. The morphological analysis substantiated the spherical shape for NPs with particle size range

ABSTRACT The objective of the present work was to develop stimuli-responsive PEGylated nanoparticles system comprising of xanthine oxidase, Bleomycin and diallyl trisulfide in order to promote their significance against cervical cancer HeLa cell line. In the synthesis of polyethylene glycol- xanthine oxidase, the modified polyethylene glycol was added to lysyl ϵ-amino group of xanthine oxidase to form

ABSTRACT In order to realise the biocompatibility and antibacterial activity of Ti alloy to meet the requirements of oral and orthopaedic applications, drug-loaded hydroxyapatite coatings doped with strontium were designed and constructed on the surface of Ti alloy using layer-by-layer assembly and hydrothermal treatment. The obtained coating was characterised by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy

ABSTRACT The graphitic carbon nitride/copper hydroxide photocatalyst, which achieved ∼15.8-fold enhanced visible-light photocatalytic performance for pollutant degradation compared to origin g-C3N4, was synthesised by chemical deposition strategy. The experimental results show that Cu2+ ions in Cu(OH)2 interact with electron-rich N atoms in g-C3N4. The stronger interaction promotes the change of the

ABSTRACT This study was designed to investigate the anticancer properties of Cerium oxide nanoparticle (nanoceria)-loaded on chitosan (CeCh-NPs). Nanoceria were prepared using melon shell extract by green synthesis method and then loaded on chitosan biopolymers by ion gelation method. The prepared nanoceria were characterised using DLS, XRD, FT-IR, FESEM and TEM studies. CeCh-NPs were characterised

ABSTRACT This paper reports the synthesis of indium tin oxide (ITO) nanoparticles and the effect of annealing temperature on the microstructural and electrical properties of ITO thin films. The synthesized ITO (90:10) nanoparticles are deposited at 29°C using E beam evaporation to form ITO thin films and annealed at 200, 400 and 500°C. The microstructural properties are investigated using XRD and AFM

ABSTRACT In this paper, we report Tin Selenide (SnSe) nanoparticles preparation through co-precipitation method and characterised by UV–Vis spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, EDX spectrum, photovoltaic and Supercapacitor performance. XRD patterns indicate that the prepared SnSe nanoparticles exist in the orthorhombic phase. The SEM

ABSTRACT In this proposed research article, Tin Sulphide is synthesised and coated over an optical-fibre by Chemical Bath Deposition (CBD), which is to be employed for sensing gases (Nitrogen dioxide-NO2, Carbon dioxide-CO2 and Sulphur dioxide-SO2). The structural and optical properties of tin sulphide are characterised by X-ray Diffraction analysis (XRD), Ultraviolet-visible absorption spectroscopy

ABSTRACT In this study, pristine nickel oxide (NiO) and Zn2+ doped NiO nanoparticles (NPs) are synthesised through the chemical precipitation method. Samples were analysed by TG/DTA, XRD, UV-DRS spectroscopy, FT-IR spectroscopy, SEM, EDX, TEM, SAED, VSM and CV techniques. The XRD result indicates that the obtained samples are face-centred cubic structure and hexagonal structure. SEM and TEM images

ABSTRACT AbstractBi2Se3 thin film was prepared using thermal evaporation . Structure and surface topography were investigated using both of Diffraction Electron Microscope (DEM) and Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM). Optical results confirmed that thin film has a direct energy gap. Moreover, the values for all of oscillating energy (Eo), dispersion energy (Ed) and ratio of the free carrier concentration

ABSTRACT In this report, a green synthesis practice has been adopted to fabricate silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using Justicia adhatoda L. leaf extract (JALE). The phytosynthesized AgNPs present a characteristic SPR peak at 446 nm. Comparative FTIR analyses of JALE and AgNPs revealed the input of phytochemicals in the reduction, capping and stabilisation of J. adhatoda-mediated silver nanoparticles

ABSTRACT The concentration effect of molybdenum disulphide (MoS2) on the catalytic activity of polyaniline (PANi)-based counter electrode (CE) was investigated for cost-effective replacement of both transparent conducting oxide (TCO) and platinum (Pt) for dye-sensitised solar cell application (DSSC). Simple chemical mixing is employed to introduce 0.5 wt%, 2 wt%, 5 wt%, 7 wt% and 9 wt% MoS2 nanoparticles

ABSTRACT HA/β-TCP biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP)ceramic materials have a wide application prospect in bone remodeling surgery as bone substitutes. This study extracted BCP from butterfish bone that was calcined at 700–1100 °C. Then, their composition and microstructure was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), inductively coupled plasma optical

ABSTRACT A new method is disclosed for the loading and release of doxepin by using gold nanoparticles. It is suggested that loading of doxepin occurs through two Van der Waals interactions between the drug molecules and Au nanoparticles as well as formation of an electronic bridge between them. This interaction increases the mean free-path of the free electrons on gold nanoparticles and makes an external

ABSTRACT In the current study,Ferula assa foetida seed oil (FS) (FSEO) was loaded into Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) to analyze its apoptotic and anti-angiogenic potential, respectively. The FSEO-loaded SLN (FSEO-SLN) was synthesized and characterized by TEM, DLS, FTIR, and Zeta potential analysis. The cytotoxic, apoptotic, and anti-angiogenic activities of the FSEO-SLN were evaluated by studying

ABSTRACT In the present work, we have attempted to investigate influence of nanocarrier composition and structure on the RBC membrane perturbations which delivers nanocarrier contents inside the cell. For this purpose, blank liposomes (LIP), lipid nanoparticles (NAN) and cubosomes (CUB) were prepared using ethanol injection method. The interaction of nanocarriers with RBC membrane was investigated

ABSTRACT Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is usually utilised as a reliable diagnostic and predictive marker of gastric cancer (GC). Herein, a target-responsive, label-free aptamer ‘signal-on’ fluorescent biosensing system was developed based on the synthesis of DNA-templated quantum dots via one-pot route and interactions with graphene oxide. CEA triggered aptamer-DNA hairpins hybridisation to release

ABSTRACT The thickness of dielectric spacer layer (DSL) plays an important role in performance of plasmonic solar cells. In this work, effect of thickness variation of ITO (indium tin oxide) DSL in silver (Ag) nanospheres/ITO/crystalline silicon(c-Si) structure on forward and backward scattering efficiencies has been investigated. Simulations were carried out using the open-source software MEEP via

ABSTRACT The present study reports the fabrication and characterization of nanofibrous scaffold comprising silk fibroin (SF) and polycaprolactone (PCL) incorporated with vitamin D3 (VD3). The optimized SF/PCL/VD3 nanofibers of average diameter 129±19 nm were obtained by electrospinning technique. The results of the contact angle measurements suggested that the presence of VD3 improves the wettability

ABSTRACT In this paper, we have achieved the hollow shell ZnS QDs with a simple preparation process, and deeply analysed the mechanism of hollow shell ZnS QDs (~10 nm). The co-doping of copper (Cu) and manganese (Mn) caused the cooperated effects on the ZnS quantum dots, in which hollow shell structure can be formed. The mechanism is that Mn2+ ions in ZnS matrix provide some diffusion channels allowing

ABSTRACT Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles are widely studied for the application of dye-sensitised solar cells (DSSCs). The control of nanoscale morphology and microstructural properties of ZnO is critical for DSSCs performance. The current study provides an insight about the effect of synthesis methods (i.e. co-precipitation and sol–gel) on structural, optical and electrical properties of ZnO nanoparticles

ABSTRACT In this study, bio-nanocomposites of chitosan (CS)/glycerol (Gly)/cellulose nanofibers (CNF) were prepared using the solvent casting method. Effects of Gly and CNF content on properties of nanocomposites were investigated by the FTIR, SEM, tensile, TGA, swelling test, solubility analysis, water vapour permeability and contact angle measurements. Results showed that solubility of the CS-Gly films

ABSTRACT Green synthesis of selenium nanoparticles (Se-NPs) was done using Abelmoschus esculentus extract as the capping and reducing agent and sodium selenite (Na2SeO3) as the selenium source. UV-Vis spectrum confirmed the formation of Se-NPs in the solution. According to the XRD pattern, the average particle size was estimated to be about 30.7 nm. The TEM images shown the spherical shape of Se-NPs

ABSTRACT Novel magnetically separable BiOBr/BiFeO3 heterostructures were fabricated via a facile in situ hydrothermal chemical etching process using cetyltrimethyl-ammonium bromide (CTAB) and sulphuric acid as etching agents to react with BiFeO3 particles. The effects of solution pH and CTAB amount on the structure, morphology, and optical properties of the as-prepared samples were investigated. It

ABSTRACT The energy problem is closely related to the survival and development of human beings. Nowadays, the research of fuel cells is making rapid progress, but the bottleneck of the development of fuel cells is slow oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) of cathode. At present, it is difficult to develop a kind of oxygen reduction catalyst with high performance, low energy consumption and low pollution

ABSTRACT In the present research, CuO nanopowders with high dispersivity were synthesised using a solution plasma method. The effect of K2CO3 as an electrolyte on the phase and morphology of the products was examined. The antibacterial activity was investigated by calculating the diameter of the inhibition zone, minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC), and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC). The

ABSTRACT In this study, the effect of Cr content on microstructure, mechanical properties and corrosion behaviour of Ti6Al4V alloy produced by selective laser melting (SLM) was investigated. The microstructure exhibited that α' martensite and β phase are obtained in SLM processed Ti6Al4V alloy and Ti6Al4V-Cr system alloys. The increment of Cr content results in the increment of β phase amount. The

ABSTRACT The number of defects is the key indicator that affects the properties of the NiTi alloy fabricated by SLM and can be adjusted by the energy density. In this study, the NiTi alloy was manufactured by varying the laser power from 50 to 95 W and matching the scanning speed of 200 to 900 mm/s at the hatch spacing of 80 and 110 μm. The results showed that the energy density for manufacturing high

ABSTRACT The mineralisation and ion release behaviour of the bioactive glasses play a crucial role for their biomedical applications. It is, however, difficult to control these processes artificially in situ. Herein we utilised NIR radiation as an external stimuli to tailor these processes to match specific requirements. Therefore, the composite bone cements based on borosilicate glass incorporated

ABSTRACT Modern development in nanoscience and nanotechnology has contributed to the varied uses of metal and metal oxide nanoparticles in numerous arena of sciences, research organisations and industries. Among all metal oxides, copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) has reached more responsiveness as a result of its unique properties and applications. Herein, we report a one-step hydrothermal preparation

ABSTRACT In this study, a simple and one-step cost-effective preparation of rGO/Co3O4 nanocomposite was given out in different monomer concentrations of [rGO]o/[Co3O4]o= 1:1; 1:2; 1:5 and 1:10. The electroactive materials were characterized by many techniques, such as FTIR-ATR, XPS, TGA-DTA, Raman, BET surface analysis, GCD, SEM-EDX, XRD, TEM, CV, and EIS analysis. A symmetric supercapacitor applying

ABSTRACT Graphene (G) was produced and melt-blended with polyamide 6 (PA6) to study the mechanical, electrical, and flame-hindrance characteristics of PA6-G compounds. It resulted that G is well dispersed in PA6 up to 2.0 wt% owing to electrostatic contact. A clear increment in degradation temperature and a drop in extreme degradation degree is detected from the thermogravimetric experiment for PA6-G

ABSTRACT The Ag2O/TiO2 composite photocatalysts (PCs) were synthesised in a facile manner into applied photocatalytic decomposition of methylene blue (MB) dye under visible-light treatment. Then, physicochemical belongings of as-fabricated PCs were analytically categorised by powder XRD, FT-IR, HRSEM with an EDXS, HRTEM, UV-Vis DRS and PL spectroscopy. Associated with the pristine TiO2 and Ag2O, the

ABSTRACT Background: Lipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticles (LPHNP) are used for drug delivery due to their high advantages over polymeric or lipid nanoparticles. Materials and methods: Tamoxifen-Curcumin-loaded-LPHNPs (Tmx-Cu-LPHNPs) were synthetized by the ionic gelation method, and after characterization and calculation of the encapsulation efficiency, its antioxidant power, anti-cancer and anti-metastatic

ABSTRACT Nano-Li2FeSiO4/C composites (LFS/C-325 and LFS/C-221) and nano-Li2FeSiO4 (LFS-325 and LFS-221) with controlled porosity were prepared from the nano-fumed silicas with similar particle size and different porosity. N2 adsorption/desorption analysis reveals that the porosity of nano-Li2FeSiO4/C composites and nano-Li2FeSiO4 can be tuned by the choosing nano -fumed silica and LFS/C-325 possess