In this study, the effects of different concentrations of antioxidant resveratrol on microviscosity of mitochondrial membranes isolated from pea leaves were investigated. It was shown that resveratrol in physiological (5 × 10–6 M) and ultralow (5 × 10–14 M) doses changed the microviscosity and altered the structure of the membrane lipid bilayer. This antioxidant is thought to affect the activity of

Previously, we found a change in the efficiency of the modulatory action of ATP under the influence of some non-physiological factors at neuromuscular synapses in rodents. This study was aimed at evaluating the effect of ATP on synaptic transmission of isolated rat soleus muscles after denervation injury. It was shown that rats exhibited an increase in the strength of electrical stimulation-evoked

It has been shown that 30-min incubation of neutrophils in the presence of a near null magnetic field produced with the use of permalloy for magnetic shielding (a residual static magnetic field not greater than 20 nT) leads to a significant decrease (by 48%) in the intensity of lucigenin-dependent chemiluminescence measured directly after removal of the hypomagnetic field. At 20 min after being in

Paramagnetic complexes containing nitric oxide (NO) have been assayed in rat heart and liver tissues by EPR spectroscopy to investigate the time variation of NO production during postnatal development. Nitric oxide levels have been assessed from the intensity of a characteristic EPR signal belonging to the (DETC)2–Fe2+–NO complex. The results show that the content of NO in liver tissues increases within

The plant tissues produce many chemical compounds with potential biological activities. The present study has been carried out to identify the chemical constituents present in the leaves, stems and seeds of Ocimum gratissimum plant using Gas Chromatography Mass Spectroscopy along with its functional group analysis using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrophotometer. Gas Chromatography Mass Spectroscopy

The concept of an ideal free distribution (IFD) is analyzed for the predator–prey system in an inhomogeneous ring-shaped habitat. Diffusion–reaction–advection equations were used to model multifactorial taxis with regard to various laws of prey growth. Relationships were established for the parameters at which the IFD occurs. Transformation of solutions was studied for the case where the parameters

In this paper, we propose a method for estimating the frequency modulation of EEGs based on Fourier filtering of the initial signal on a narrow frequency band, followed by calculation of the time taken to reach both maximum and minimum peak values of the reconstructed signal (peak-to-peak periods). The resulting sequences were processed using the Fourier transform. EEGs recorded from healthy volunteers

Wavelet and multifractal analysis has shown that alterations in oscillatory activity accompanied by long-term correlations between successive values of these oscillations occur as a result of movement disorders in the structure of patterns of involuntary oscillatory hand movements that arise during motor task performance. These alterations cause a significant increase in the variation of the amplitude

Abstract The antioxidant properties, spectral characteristics and the composition of lipids isolated from marigold flowers and sea buckthorn fruits and from their 50% water-propyleneglycol (WPG) extracts were studied. Significant quantitative differences in the inhibitory efficiency, the quantitative ratio of lipid fractions and the presence of biologically active substances in their chloroform solution

It was found that the modification of one side of lipid membranes by amphotericin B and N‑methyl derivatives of amphotericin B (methamphocin) resulted in a discrete increase in the membrane conductivity by the channel mechanism. The conditions under which amphotericin B increased the conductivity of membranes upon addition on one side of the membranes were found. The effect of amphotericin B upon addition

The effects of mono- and disubstituted phosphates on the photolysis reaction of reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) in a frozen (77 K) aqueous solution were studied by EPR. The dependence of the yield of the paramagnetic intermediates of the reaction, that is, the NADH+ cation radical and atomic hydrogen, on the concentration of phosphates was determined. The results were interpreted from

An analysis of modern concepts of the mechanism of the antiradiation effect of alpha1-adrenergic agonists, which are of great interest in clinical practice of radiochemotherapy in cancer patients, has been carried out. The first explanation of their mechanism of action is based on the role of circulatory hypoxia in radiosensitive tissues due to the vasoconstrictor effect of alpha1-adrenergic agonists

A method was designed to describe the helical structures of various levels of organization in proteins. The method makes it possible to characterize the sign of chirality/helicity and to quantify α-helices, 310-helices, and coiled-coil structures. The data is important for developing the earlier concept of sign-alternating chiral hierarchies of nucleic acid and protein structures. A sufficient condition

The temperature dependences (–170...+20°C) of the fluorescence lifetime of tryptophan molecules in an aqueous solution, in solutions of glycerol (50 and 75% by volume), dimethyl sulfoxide (50 and 75% by volume) and in 1 M aqueous solution of trehalose were studied. In this temperature range, the fluorescence kinetics at room temperature in all samples were best approximated by three exponents with

Four universal differences between tumor and normal cells and tissues are noted. It is shown how these differences can be used for the purposes of early diagnosis and nontoxic therapy of oncological diseases. It is argued that already developed, but not widely used methods of diagnosis and treatment, based on the use of these universal differences, allow one to radically change the situation in oncology:

An assessment of the dynamics of changes in their concentration in the lacrimal fluid over time is required for an effective dosage of ophthalmic drugs. This paper provides examples of the determination of the analgesic drug fentanyl used for premedication before ophthalmic surgery by multisensory stripping voltammetry. The behavior of this drug in the lacrimal fluid of patients was studied during

HMGB1 is one of the key proteins of the cell. HMGB1 performs its main functions predominantly in the cell nucleus, as an essential component of DNA–protein and multiprotein complexes. It plays an important role in various cellular processes, such as transcription, replication, and DNA repair. However, it has also been found outside the nucleus: in the cytoplasmic and extracellular space. Despite numerous

This article presents an overview of studies, including author's original ones, devoted to the problem of intrinsic (physiological) of biological organisms and integral characteristics of their functioning. Invariance is hypothesized for the entropy action functional, which is a newly introduced physical value for the complex self-organizing system (organisms). The hypothesis suggests that the value

Abstract The present work focuses on the study of localization of peptidergic neurons and muscle fibers of body wall musculature in planarians Girardia tigrina and Polycelis tenuis with the use of immunohistochemistry, immunocytochemistry, fluorescent microscopy, and confocal laser scanning microscopy. A close spatial relationship between FMRFamide-immunopositive nerve fibers and myofilaments is shown

The concentration of genes that control domestication traits in so-called “agroislands” complicates breeding. Therefore, information about where such islands are located in the genome and with what traits of domestication they are associated is of great importance for further research aimed at improving modern varieties. In the search for such information in the genomes of chickpea landraces, the BayPass

This study focused on the redox homeostasis in the lenses of 20- and 30-day-old chinchilla rabbit kits exposed to a combination of hypoxia and electromagnetic radiation at a nonthermal intensity during their prenatal development. Adult rabbit does (n = 12) were divided into equal-sized experimental and control groups. After mating, pregnant animals from the experimental group were exposed to hypoxia

The entry of glycerol molecules in unphosphorylated form into mitochondria was studied. The effective binding of glycerol with membranes of rat liver mitochondria was demonstrated using spectrofluorimetry and FTIR spectroscopy. It was shown using polarography and turbidimetry that glycerol at low concentrations ​​(0.1–0.4 mM) increased the permeability of the inner membrane for NADH and succinate,

This study was aimed at analyzing features of the closed feedback loop principle for human endogenous rhythms in two perspective technologies of neurointerfaces, which are neurofeedback and adaptive neurostimulation. Based on our experimental data, the main advantages of the adaptive neurostimulation approach have been validated, namely, automatic closing of the feedback loop of human endogenous rhythms

The formation of ice microparticles during freezing of aqueous cryoprotective solutions has been studied. The shapes and sizes of particles depend on the composition of the solution. When an aqueous cryoprotective solution is exposed during freezing to ultrasound at the frequency of 0.88 MHz and intensity of 1 W/cm2, the shapes of ice microparticles tend to change and become more rounded. In multicomponent

Antibiotic resistance is a serious problem facing the world; it is increasing every year due to over or misuse of antibiotics that led to developing new mechanisms of drug resistance by bacteria. In the present study Magneto-Liposomes (MLs) loaded with Erythromycin drug were designed; They were subjected to 5 and 15 mT Alternating Magnetic Field (AMF) at 100 KHz for 30 min of exposure to test the effect

Two tetrapyridine porphyrins, cationic porphyrin P4 (TMPyP4) and its amphiphilic derivative porphyrin P1 with carboxyl groups, and their zinc-containing analogs ZnP4 and ZnP1 were examined in order to obtain the photosensitizers with a narrower specificity for target tissue. The two classes of molecules were compared with respect to physicochemical properties of and the effect on Caki-1 clear cell

The temperature dependences of the tension and stiffness of actively contracting single fibers of the rabbit slow muscle (m. soleus) were studied using the Joule temperature jump. Differences in the characteristics of the fibers of the rabbit fast (m. psoas) and slow (m. soleus) muscles were shown; apparently, they were caused by differences in the kinetics of the myosin head cycle.

Red blood cell hemolysis induced by ultrasound and alkyl derivatives of amphotericin B and levorin modified by the amine and carboxyl groups has been studied. A kinetic method has been developed for studying the physico-chemical characteristics of blood cells during ultrasound physiotherapy. It was shown that the interaction of ultrasound with biological systems is based on the cavitation effect. The

This study was conducted to investigate the antistress potential of resveratrol, a natural polyphenol, in models that reproduce the conditions of acute hypobaric hypoxia and acute alcohol intoxication. Acute alcohol intoxication and acute hypobaric hypoxia induced an increase in the intensity of lipid peroxidation in the membranes of liver mitochondria from mice. Activation of lipid peroxidation was

Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase is one of the key enzymes of glycolysis; this protein is also implicated in the regulation of a wide range of cellular functions, including induction of apoptosis. Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase is also involved in the development of a number of pathological states, including neurodegenerative and cancerous diseases. Novel approaches to regulating

The course of an infection was modeled as a controlled nonlinear process. Understanding the substantial differences observed in the trajectory of the disease caused by the new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 is of critical importance at the moment. Numerous factors have been considered to explain the fact that symptoms vary highly among different people and the infection transmission rate varies among local

In this study, we compared the effects of gamma and high-energy proton radiation (1000 MeV) on DNA in aqueous saline solutions (5 and 150 mM NaCl) at doses of 30 and 50 Gy. We used spectral methods (the ultraviolet absorption method, spectrophotometric methods for nucleic acid quantification, spectrophotometric DNA melting, and circular dichroism) for the estimation of the number of damaged nitrogenous

The role of nitric oxide as one of the universal regulators of metabolic processes in living organisms is considered. The results of experimental studies of NO association with cancer are reviewed. Antitumor and cytotoxic effects of various nitrogen oxide donors are described and the mechanisms of their action are discussed.

A new lower-dimension ecological–evolutionary model of algae was proposed to describe the simultaneous dynamics of variables (population biomass) and parameters (limits of the temperature tolerance interval [a – d, a + d]). In a given periodic temperature regime, the parameters tend to certain final values, which are called evolutionarily stable (ES) values. Calculations showed that ES parameters form

The impact of growth conditions on the fluorescent characteristics of the leaves of the vegetable and cultivated oilseed forms of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.), which were introduced in central Russia for the first time, was studied. The following parameters of fluorescence induction were used: NPQ (nonphotochemical fluorescence quenching), qP (photochemical fluorescence quenching), Qy (actual quantum

In this study we used the kink solutions of the nonlinear sine-Gordon equation to apply methods of mathematical modeling to investigate the dynamics of the transcription bubble in the pPF1 plasmid. Based on the calculated energy profile for the pPF1 plasmid and its modified versions, it was shown that the minimum potential energy of the kink formation or transcription bubble nucleation corresponds

Dolphins emit a probing pulse and receive an echo pulse for echolocation during hunting, on the basis of which they detect and identify their prey in the search phase. In the capture phase, dolphins require a stable auditory response to the echo pulse. To explain the features of the perception of echo pulses in the search and capture phases, the pulse-induced response of an ensemble of high-frequency

This study involves the mitochondrial-reticular network, which is functionally integrated into the processes that provide energy to all systems of an organism as an open, dynamic, self-regulatory organization involved in the energy homeostasis of the cell under the control of AMP-activated protein kinase as the main energy indicator. The mitochondrial-reticular network is regulated by at least three

Using optical spectroscopy, we have studied the models of lipid peroxidation in mitochondrial membranes isolated from the hearts of rats. The oxidative efficiency of tested iron-containing complexes was assessed by the level of TBA-reactive compounds formed in the samples as the main secondary products of peroxidation. EPR spectroscopy of spin labels was used to study the changes in structural and

The conditions for producing phosphatidylcholine liposomes containing lipoic acid and carnosine together were determined. The obtained liposomes are 180–250-nm spherical particles with an efficiency of lipoic acid inclusion of 50–70% (for carnosine, 17–33%). Based on the model of the oxidation of phosphatidylcholine by hydrogen peroxide, an antioxidant effect of carnosine, lipoic acid or lipoic acid

The collection of seeds and living plants at the N.I. Vavilov All Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (VIR) contains historic chickpea landraces sampled from major historic centers of chickpea cultivation and secondary diversification. In this work, we analyze the results obtained from phenotype characterization of 407 historic chickpea landraces grown in the trial fields of Kuban experimental

Addition of a 20-μL drop of a mixture containing 1 mM Fe2+ + 0.5 M glutathione to the surface of 0.5 M S-nitrosoglutathione solution, which is expected to form dinitrosyl iron complexes with glutathione, generated short-lived (0.2 s) concentric ring-shaped structures in the S-nitrosoglutathione solution. The number of the ring-like structures exceeded the number of concentric circles spread across

The idea of using a higher pressure to reduce damage due to freezing has been thoroughly theoretically examined, while there is little experimental evidence on cryopreservation of living systems at a higher hydrostatic pressure. A study was made to assess the viability of HeLa cells at a pressure of 1.0–2.0 kbar, the toxic effects of five classical cryoprotectants under these conditions, and the viability

It was found that the enzymes of the coagulation cascade interact with lipid microparticles or microvesicles of natural or artificial origin that circulate in the blood. Such interactions can modulate hemostasis. Less is known about the consequences of direct interaction of fibrinogen/fibrin with microvesicles. It was shown in this study with purified systems that the presence of lipid particles of

Understanding the molecular mechanisms involved in gene regulation is one of the basic issues of systems biology. Conventional approaches to modeling gene regulation often fail to distinguish between the model properties that adequately reflect the characteristics of a biological system and those associated with the nature of the model. A logical approach was developed for modeling the regulation of

The roles that noncoding RNAs play in various cells have been a focus of intense research in recent years. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are noncoding RNAs that were initially thought to be junk by-products of splicing. Many circRNAs have been found to demonstrate important regulatory functions and, in particular, to act as miRNA sponges. The function of an miRNA sponge was compared with the function of

We present a study of the sensitivity of a hybridization microarray analysis of DNA labeled with 2'‑deoxyuridine-5'-triphosphate derivatives that contain the Cy5 and Cy7 cyanine fluorophore dyes. Two Cy5-dUTP and two Cy7-dUTP derivatives that can be effectively incorporated into a newly synthesized DNA strand during PCR were chosen for this study. PCR products fluorescently labeled with different dyes

Precise prediction of the timing of floral initiation helps breeders create new varieties that can achieve maximum efficiency under the influence of a changing climate. A previously constructed model was used to compare the impact of daily weather parameters on the flowering time of wild varieties of chickpeas that were collected in different geographic locations in Turkey. We found that plants from

Using Fura-2AM, a fluorescent Ca2+ indicator, we have shown for the first time that sigma-1 receptor antagonist - neuroleptic chlorpromazine - significantly inhibits the store-dependent Ca2+ entry induced by immunomodulators glutoxim as well as molixan and endoplasmic reticulum Са2+-ATPase inhi-bitors thapsigargin and cyclopiazonic acid in rat peritoneal macrophages. The results suggest the involvement

The destruction of cytochrome c during its catalysis of the lipoperoxidase reaction, which causes the impairment of mitochondrial membranes in living cells and the release of various pro-apoptotic factors into the cytosol, was studied. Spectrophotometric analysis showed a much more intense destruction of cytochrome c when hydrogen peroxide was added in the presence of tetraoleylcardiolipin at protein

The interaction of DNA with complexes of Zn(II) and 1,10-phenanthroline derivatives in aqueous salt solutions has been studied by the optical spectroscopy, fluorescence, and DNA melting methods. Bis-(1,10-phenanthroline)-(1,10-phenanthrocyanine)-dizinc (II) acetate (diZn) and its precursor, bis-(1,10-phenanthroline)-zinc (II) acetate (monoZn) have been used. The interaction of DNA with phenanthroline

A comparative analysis of copper accumulation in the roots of Narbon vetch (Vicia narbonensis L.) plants and cell walls isolated from them has been performed. For intact plants, the root system is identified as the main location for copper ion deposition and root cell walls are characterized by a high content of carboxyl groups of polygalacturonic acid, which explains their high capacity for binding

A theory was developed to explain how charge selectivity is reversed in tight junctions (TJs) between epithelial cells when the sign of the TJ fixed charge changes. An original method that allows for the ion cavity effect was used to calculate the changes in ion solvation energies that occur upon ion transfer in TJs. An equation was derived to describe the Na+ to Cl– permeability ratio of TJs as a

The temperature stability of electron transfer to the artificial electron acceptor 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol in preparations of native photosystem II and photosystem II without the calcium cation in an oxygen-evolving complex was studied. The thermal stability of the processes of oxygen evolution and electron transfer from the oxygen-evolving complex to 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol in photosystem

This study explored the nonlinear dynamics of the variability of microcirculatory blood flow signals in symmetrical areas of human upper limbs in the resting state and during perturbation. The perturbation was physical activity, that is, swinging of left or right arm in an upright position for 1 min. Laser Doppler flowmetry was used to measure the microflow in five healthy volunteers. Signal sensors

An overview of the problems of modern biophysics, which were discussed at the VIth Congress of biophysicists of Russia, Sochi, September 2019 (http://conf-2019.biophys.ru), is given. The results of fundamental and applied research in the field of biophysics of single biomacromolecules and molecular complexes, membrane biophysics, cell biophysics, bionanotechnology were presented at the plenary, sectional

The antioxidant capacity of aqueous extracts from yerba mate and some of its polyphenolic components, namely, quercetin, rutin, chlorogenic and caffeic acids, was studied. Aqueous extracts from mate discolored the cation radicals of 2,2'-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) in a dose-dependent manner and caused a latent period of luminol chemiluminescence induced by 2,2'-azobis(2-amidinopropane)

The Grueneberg ganglion is one of the peripheral parts of the olfactory sensory system that specializes in detecting life-threatening stimuli. This article focuses on the chemoreceptors of ganglion neurons and their associated signaling pathways, which together provide a multimodal receptor function. The molecular organization of the receptor apparatus of neurons of this organ undergoes significant

This study focuses on possible applications of similitude design methods for three-dimensional simulation of the electrical activity of the sinoatrial node of the rabbit heart and the adjacent atrial myocardium. The proposed mathematical model has a hierarchical shape, where the relationship between the sinoatrial node and adjacent atrial myocardium is at the top and the dynamics of ion processes on

It is shown that the inhalation of gaseous nitric oxide (gNO) or sprayed aqueous solutions of binuclear dinitrosyl iron complexes with glutathione or N-acetyl-L-cysteine by animals or humans provokes no perceptible hypotensive effects. Potentially, these procedures may be useful in COVID-19 treatment. The NO level in complexes with hemoglobin in blood decreases as the gNO concentration in the gas flow