Objective To examine whether commonly used comorbidity indexes (Deyo-Charlson comorbidity index, Elixhauser comorbidity index, and the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) comorbidity tiers) capture comorbidities in the acute traumatic and nontraumatic SCI inpatient rehabilitation population. Design Retrospective cross-sectional study Participants Data were obtained from the Uniform Data

Case-control study of ultrasound evaluation of acute median nerve response to upper-extremity circuit training in spinal cord injury. Individuals with Spinal cord injury (SCI) often present signs and symptoms of median nerve (MN) pathology. Pre-clinical signs identification of MN pathology might facilitate early intervention to prevent or delay CTS in SCI. Objective We assessed if ultrasound parameters

Objective To determine the effect of a removable rigid dressing (RRD) on the time to residual limb maturation compared with elastic bandage (EB) in transtibial amputees. Design Experimental single-blinded (assessor-blinded) randomized controlled trial. Setting Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital. Participants Twenty-five transtibial amputees with immature residual

OBJECTIVE To evaluate whether tobacco use, alcohol consumption, and weight gain are associated with the diagnosis of overuse musculoskeletal injuries within the first 12 months following lower limb amputation. DESIGN Retrospective cohort study. SETTING Military treatment facilities. PARTICIPANTS A total of 681 Service members with a deployment-related lower limb amputation. INTERVENTIONS Not applicable

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the construct validity (hypotheses testing) of the Chilean-Spanish version of the Functional Status Score for the Intensive Care Unit (FSS-ICU) using continuous actigraphy from intensive care unit (ICU) admission to ICU discharge. DESIGN The Chilean-Spanish version of the FSS-ICU was used in a prospective observational study to mainly evaluate its correlation with actigraphy variables

OBJECTIVE To assess the utility of applying natural language processing (NLP) to electronic health records (EHRs) to identify individuals with chronic mobility disability. DESIGN We used EHRs from the Research Patient Data Repository, which contains EHRs from a large Massachusetts health care delivery system. This analysis was part of a larger study assessing the effects of disability on diagnosis

OBJECTIVE To investigate pain catastrophizing presentations up to 6-months postoperatively and subsequent changes in pain intensity and physical function. DESIGN Prospective observational multisite study SETTING: Two tertiary care facilities between 2016 and 2019 PARTICIPANTS: Adult patients undergoing a mastectomy, thoracic surgery, total knee or hip arthroplasty, spinal fusion, or major abdominal

OBJECTIVE To determine the rate of PT referral and patient and physician characteristics associated with PT referral for benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) and other peripheral vestibular disorders (PVDs) in U.S. ambulatory care clinics. DESIGN Cross sectional analysis of the National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey 2004-2015 SETTING: Ambulatory care clinics in the US PARTICIPANTS: We identified

OBJECTIVE This study was performed to compare the effects of a vapocoolant spray and an eutectic mixture of local anesthetics (EMLA) cream on reducing pain during intraarticular (IA) injection of the shoulder. DESIGN Double-blind randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial. SETTING University hospital. PARTICIPANTS Sixty-three patients who underwent IA injection of the shoulder joint were randomized

OBJECTIVE To determine the effects of exercise on individual cardiometabolic syndrome (CMS) risk factors in adults with chronic spinal cord injury (SCI). DATA SOURCES English language searches of PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, and Scopus (01/01/1970 to 31/07/2019). STUDY SELECTION Articles were included if they met the following criteria: (1) original articles with statistical analysis, (2) participants

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effects of respiratory muscle training in a population of stroke patients. DATA SOURCES PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, CINAHL and CNKI databases were searched for clinical trials up to December 2019. STUDY SELECTION Nine randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published in English met the inclusion criteria. DATA EXTRACTION Data were extracted and assessed for accuracy

OBJECTIVE To compare sex differences in alexithymia (poor emotional processing) in males and females with traumatic brain injury (TBI) and uninjured controls. SETTING TBI rehabilitation facility in the USA and a University in Canada. PARTICIPANTS Sixty adults with moderate to severe TBI (62% males) and 60 uninjured controls (63% males) DESIGN: Cross-sectional. MAIN MEASURES Toronto Alexithymia Scale-20

OBJECTIVE To investigate the correlation between brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and risk factors as well as functional outcome in post-stroke depression (PSD) or post-stroke anxiety (PSA). DESIGN A cohort study. SETTING Stroke patients admitted to an urban rehabilitation hospital. PARTICIPANTS This study included 162 stroke patients without any previous history of depression and anxiety.

OBJECTIVE This systematic review examines the facilitators and barriers to the use of patient reported outcome measures (PROMs) in outpatient rehabilitation settings and provides strategies to improve care to maximize patient outcomes. DATA SOURCES Eleven databases were systematically searched from November 2018 to May 2019. STUDY SELECTION Two reviewers independently assessed articles based on the

OBJECTIVE To examine demographic, psychiatric symptom, and neuropsychological performance factors associated with duration of unemployment in Iraq/Afghanistan Veterans with a history of mild-to-moderate traumatic brain injury (TBI). DESIGN Cross-sectional, secondary data analysis of baseline measures in a supported employment study. SETTING VA medical center. PARTICIPANTS Participants (n=50) were Veterans

OBJECTIVE To adapt the Reaching Performance Scale for Stroke (RPSS) for the Wolf Motor Function Test (WMFT) "Lift Can" (Can) and "Hand to Box" (Box) items. DESIGN Retrospective analysis of video-recorded WMFT assessment performed by three raters on two occasions; SETTING: N/A; PARTICIPANTS: 29 participants with mild to moderate upper extremity impairment, <3 months post stroke INTERVENTIONS: N/A MAIN

OBJECTIVE To identify the impact of some clinical characteristics of sABI patients on the decannulation success during the Intensive Rehabilitation Unit (IRU) stay. DESIGN Nonconcurrent cohort study SETTING: and Participants: Patients with sABI and tracheostomy were retrospectively selected from the database of the IRU of the Don Gnocchi Foundation Institute. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Potential predictors

OBJECTIVE To summarize the progress towards the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Research Plan on Rehabilitation goals and the methods by which tracking occurred. DESIGN Each grant award was manually coded by NIH staff for research plan goals, type of science categories (e.g., basic, applied, infrastructure, etc.), and if applicable, training, and then validated by NIH Institute/Center (IC) experts

OBJECTIVE To analyze the nature of the interaction between motor and language recovery in patients with motor impairment and aphasia following left-hemispheric stroke and to investigate prognostic factors of best recovery i.e. the significant recovery of both functions simultaneously. DESIGN Retrospective cohort study SETTING: Specialized Inpatient Rehabilitation Facility (IRF) PARTICIPANTS: 435 left-hemispheric

OBJECTIVE To determine if poorer gait variability and gait coordination among mobility limited older adults is related to their slower walking speed. DESIGN Cross-sectional analysis. . SETTING University research laboratory PARTICIPANTS: Community-dwelling adults aged > 68 years with (Short Physical Performance Battery score < 9; n=37) and without (n=32) mobility limitations INTERVENTIONS: Not applicable

OBJECTIVE To quantify and compare utilization of opioids, exercise therapy and physical therapy in the year before spine surgery. DESIGN A retrospective cohort of surgical and claims data SETTING: Beneficiaries of the Military Health System seen at Brooke Army Medical Center PARTICIPANTS: 411 patients undergoing surgery between 1 January 2014 and 31 December 2015, identified retrospectively through

OBJECTIVE To determine whether the initial provider of care for neck pain was associated with opioid use for people with neck pain. DESIGN Retrospective cohort study SETTING: Marketscan™ research databases PARTICIPANTS: 427,966 patients with new-onset neck pain from 2010 to 2014 MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Opioid use was defined using retail pharmacy fills. We performed logistic regression analysis to assess

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the quality of rehabilitation Clinical Practice Guidelines (CPGs), specifically with respect to their applicability. DATA SOURCES Medline, Embase, Web of Science, CINAHL, PsycINFO, the Cochrane Library Databases were searched for papers published in 2017-2019 that had applied the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research & Evaluation II (AGREE II) CPG quality assessment tool to rehabilitation

OBJECTIVES Study the effect of anodal transcranial direct stimulation (atDCS) of the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) on cognitive function and side effects in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). STUDY DESIGN Experimental double-blind randomized, sham-controlled trial SETTING: Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Tertiary Hospital SUBJECTS: Volunteers with MCI METHODS: Participants

OBJECTIVE To determine the effectiveness of mental simulation practice (MSP) on measures of physical function recovery in patients who have undergone a joint replacement surgery of lower limbs. DATA SOURCES A systematic review was conducted using CINAHL, PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, SPORT Discus, PEDro, Cochrane Register of Controlled Trials and Google Scholar from earliest record to 16th August 2019. STUDY

OBJECTIVE To compare patient-reported outcomes of disability, activity difficulty, and health related quality of life (HRQoL) by prosthetic device use and configuration and to identify factors associated with these outcomes. DESIGN Telephone survey. SETTING General community. PARTICIPANTS Population-based sample of 755 Veterans with unilateral upper limb amputation; recruited from a national sample

OBJECTIVE To identify the characteristics of retracted publications in rehabilitation and sport sciences journals. DATA SOURCES The Web of Science, PubMed, and Retraction Watch databases were searched from inception to August 2019. STUDY SELECTION Retracted publications published in rehabilitation or sport sciences journals, indexed in the Science Citation Index Expanded (SCIE) and Social Sciences

OBJECTIVE To address the relative influence of psychological factors on variation in PROMIS PF CAT and ODI scores. DESIGN Cross-sectional. SETTING We enrolled patients with low back pain, presenting to clinicians specializing in the treatment of spine conditions in a large urban area. PARTICIPANTS One hundred sixteen new and return English speaking patients. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The PROMIS Physical

OBJECTIVE To investigate whether a family history of LBP influences patient outcomes and treatment effects following home-exercises in older people with chronic LBP. DESIGN Secondary analysis of a randomised controlled trial. SETTING Local community. PARTICIPANTS People over 55 years old with chronic LBP. INTERVENTIONS Participants in the intervention group completed video-game exercises for 60 minutes

OBJECTIVE To describe the cost-benefit of four different approaches to screening for sleep apnea in a cohort of participants with moderate to severe TBI receiving inpatient rehabilitation from the payor's perspective. DESIGN A cost-benefit analysis of phased approaches to sleep apnea diagnosis. SETTING Six TBI Model System Inpatient Rehabilitation Centers PARTICIPANTS: Trial data from 214 participants

OBJECTIVE To identify the effect of acute and multiple concussions on gait initiation performance. DESIGN Cohort Study SETTING: University Research Center PARTICIPANTS: A population based sample of 45 participants divided into three groups: No Prior Concussion, >3 Prior Concussions, and Acute Concussion. The Acute Concussion participants were assessed within 24 hours of their concussion. Participants

OBJECTIVES To examine the immediate and sustained effects of interventions for changing physical activity behavior in people with multiple sclerosis (MS), and explore factors that might moderate intervention effects on physical activity behavior (e.g., intervention type and duration, type of physical activity measurement, intensity of theory integration [degree of theory used in study design], and

OBJECTIVE To present recent evidence on the prevalence, incidence, costs, activity limitations, and work limitations of common conditions requiring rehabilitation. METHODS This was a systematic review. Medline (PubMed), SCOPUS, Web of Science, and the grey literature were searched for relevant articles about amputation, osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, back pain, multiple sclerosis, spinal cord

Objective To assess whether gender inequities exist for pediatric physiatrists and, if affirmative, what factors account for this difference. Design Cohort study. Setting Online REDCap survey administered via e-mail. Participants Pediatric physiatrists practicing in the United States in 2017. Interventions Not applicable. Main Outcome Measures Respondents reported on their gender, training, practice

Objective To investigate the effectiveness of chronic pain self-management support with pain science education and exercise (COMMENCE) on improving function, pain interference, work status, pain intensity, fatigue, psychological factors associated with pain, health care visits, satisfaction, and perceived change compared with usual care. Design Parallel group randomized controlled trial with 1- and

Objective To investigate whether strength or aerobic training can offer significantly more benefits with regarding the activities of daily living of elderly patients with dementia as well as to determine the effects of exercise on cognition, depression, and biochemical markers. Design Single-blind randomized controlled trial. Setting A nursing home for veterans. Participants A volunteer sample of participants

Objective To determine the differences between clinical effects of electroacupuncture and biofeedback therapy in addition to conventional treatment in patients with cervical myofascial pain syndrome (MPS). Design Randomized clinical trial. Setting Physical medicine and rehabilitation clinic of a university hospital. Participants Fifty patients (N=50) aged 25-55 years of both sexes with chronic neck

Objective This study aimed to assess the test-retest, intrarater, and interrater reliability of using the pressure pain threshold (PPT) in healthy and affected piriformis muscles and to estimate its absolute reliability. As a secondary objective, the degree of tenderness of the affected piriformis muscles was compared with healthy piriformis muscles. Study Design This study used a comparative and reliability-based

Objectives To determine whether the measurement properties of the Mayo-Portland Adaptability Inventory Version 4 (MPAI-4) and its participation index (M2PI), which have been adopted as 2 outcome measures in the Veterans Health Administration (VHA) National Polytrauma Rehabilitation Systems of Care, are adequate in veterans with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). Design Cross-sectional. Setting Outpatient

Objective To describe the interrelationship of postinjury employment and substance abuse (SA) among individuals with traumatic brain injury. Design Structural equation model (SEM) and logistic regression analytic approach using a merged database of the National Trauma Data Bank (NTDB) and Traumatic Brain Injury Model Systems (TBIMS) National Database, with acute care and rehabilitation hospitalization

Objective To determine which factors are associated with suboptimal disease-modifying therapy (DMT) adherence and to develop an explanatory model that could be used to identify individuals at risk and potentially inform interventions. Design Cross-sectional cohort study using electronic health records. Setting Veterans Health Administration (VA). Participants Veterans with multiple sclerosis (MS) (N=2939;

Objective To estimate correlates of early intervention (EI) service dosage and gains in children’s functional capabilities from EI entry and discharge. Design Retrospective cohort study. Setting Secondary analyses of a subset of data (N=1005) collected from an EI administrative database on children discharged from a large, urban EI program between October 1, 2014 and September 30, 2016. Participants

Objective To investigate the risk of psychiatric disorders after traumatic brain injury (TBI), and to clarify whether the post-TBI rehabilitation was associated with a lower risk of developing psychiatric disorders. Design A register-based, retrospective cohort design. Setting Using data from the National Health Insurance Research Database of Taiwan, we established an exposed cohort with TBI and a

Objective To examine the associations of 3 major hospital discharge services covered under health insurance (discharge planning, rehabilitation discharge instruction, and coordination with community care) with potentially avoidable readmissions (PARs) within 30 days in older adults after rehabilitation in acute care hospitals in Tokyo, Japan. Design Retrospective cohort study using a large-scale medical

Objectives To develop a patient risk adjustment model for experience of care (EOC) quality measures for long-term care hospitals (LTCHs) that includes mode of survey administration. To assess presence of nonresponse bias in the adjusted facility-level scores. Design We tested 3 modes of collecting the EOC data: mail-only, mixed (ie, mail with telephone follow-up), and in-facility. This study used sequential

Objective To investigate the incremental prognostic significance of malnutrition in patients with severe poststroke disability. Design Retrospective cohort study. The patients were recruited from 3 specialized inpatient rehabilitation facilities. Nutritional status was assessed using the Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI), which is calculated from serum albumin and total lymphocyte count. Scores >38

Objective To examine the potential relationship between physical therapy (PT) treatment outcomes and chronicity of low back pain (LBP) in the outpatient setting. Design Retrospective observational study. Setting Outpatient PT clinics across 11 states. Participants A total of 11,941 patients with LBP provided with PT services and discharged from care between January 1, 2017, and December 31, 2018. Main

Objective Assess the association of time to initiation of acute rehabilitation therapy with disability after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) and identify predictors of time to initiation of rehabilitation therapy. Design Retrospective data analysis of prospectively collected data from an ongoing observational cohort study. Setting Large comprehensive stroke center in a metropolitan area. Participants

Objective To describe the prevalence and prognostic factors of symptoms of anxiety and depression and posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) after injury in the clinical trauma population. Design Multicenter, prospective, observational cohort study. Setting Ten hospitals in Noord-Brabant, The Netherlands. Participants Four thousand two hundred thirty-nine adult patients (N=4239) admitted due to injury

Objective To investigate the efficacy of virtual reality (VR)- and gaming-based interventions for improving upper extremity function poststroke, and to examine demographic and treatment-related factors that may moderate treatment response. Data Sources A comprehensive search was conducted within the PubMed, CINAHL/EBSCO, SCOPUS, Ovid MEDLINE, and EMBASE databases for articles published between 2005

Objective To systematically review and evaluate the efficacy and complication profile of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injection into the carpal tunnel for management of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). Data Sources PubMed, MEDLINE, SCOPUS, EMBASE, Google Scholar, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Web of Sciences (from inception to January 1, 2019). Study Selection Controlled trials addressing

Objective To summarize the literature on definitions, assessment protocols, and outcome measures for motor fatigability in patients with neurologic problems and investigates the known clinimetric properties according to the COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments (COSMIN) criteria. Data Sources Two databases were consulted for studies published between January

The growing field of regenerative rehabilitation has great potential to improve clinical outcomes for individuals with disabilities. However, the science to elucidate the specific biological underpinnings of regenerative rehabilitation–based approaches is still in its infancy and critical questions regarding clinical translation and implementation still exist. In a recent roundtable discussion from

OBJECTIVES To critically appraise, compare, and summarize the quality of the measurement properties of the Dartfish software across various populations and motion tasks. DATA SOURCES Systematic electronic searches were performed in the PsychInfo, Embase, Medline@Ovid, CINAHL, and Google Scholar databases from January 1999 to January 2020. STUDY SELECTION Prospective measurement studies published in

Objective To examine the immediate effects of a hip-assistive wearable robotic exoskeleton on clinical walking performance, walking energetics, gait kinematics, and corticomotor excitability in individuals with stroke. Design Randomized cross-over trial. Setting Research laboratory of a rehabilitation hospital. Participants Twelve individuals (4F/8M, mean age 57.8±7.2) with chronic hemiparetic stroke

Before the development of robotic exoskeletons, mobility options beyond a wheelchair were very limited for most people lacking leg movement due to spinal cord injury (SCI). Over the years, robotic exoskeletons have become more widely available and now have the potential to be successfully used for personal use at home and in the community. However, it is important that users set realistic expectations

Objective To describe systematic reviews (SRs) of the use of exoskeletons for gait and mobility by persons with neurologic disorders and to evaluate their quality as guidance for research and clinical practice. Data Sources PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, CINAHL Complete, PsycINFO, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, PEDro, and Google Scholar were searched from database inception to January 23

Objective To evaluate the effects of early discharge followed by geriatric interdisciplinary home rehabilitation for older people with hip fracture on independence in activities of daily living (ADL) compared with inhospital geriatric care according to a multifactorial rehabilitation program. Design Planned analysis of a randomized controlled trial with 3- and 12-month follow-ups. Setting Geriatric

Objective To determine the influence of cognitive functioning on gait recovery after total hip arthroplasty. Design Prospective cohort study. Setting Rehabilitation hospital. Participants Patients (N=40) who underwent a total hip arthroplasty, with normal cognitive functioning and without any other relevant medical condition, were recruited and studied before surgery and at the beginning and the end

Objective To examine the odds of persons with stroke achieving minimal clinically important difference (MCID) in functional independence during inpatient rehabilitation relative to cognitive impairment (CI) severity, site, and rehabilitation teams’ exposure to a Cognitive Orientation to daily Occupational Performance (CO-OP) knowledge translation (KT) intervention. Design A pre-post observational study