Objectives To assess the efficacy of motion-sensing, hands-free, gaming device and Task Oriented Training (TOT) programs on improving hand function, activity performance and satisfaction in pediatric hand-burns. Design A randomized controlled trial Setting Outpatient rehabilitation center. Participants Fifty burned children (age mean (SD), 10.70 (1.64) y; range, 7-14y) with deep partial thickness or

Objective To evaluate the association between walking speed at self-selected comfort pace (Sfree), oxygen consumption at Sfree (VO2free), the oxygen cost of walking at Sfree (Cw), and mobility independence and independence for activities of daily living in post-stroke individuals. Design cross sectional study Setting hospital Participants All individuals with stroke who were able to walk without human

Objective To describe the adaptations made to implement virtual cancer rehabilitation at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as understand the experiences of patients and providers adapting to virtual care. Design Multimethod study. Setting : Cancer Centre. Participants Adult cancer survivors and oncology health care providers. Interventions Not applicable. Main Outcome Measures Framework-driven

Objective To establish whether non-pharmacological interventions, such as occupational and physical therapy, were associated with a shorter duration of prescription opioid use after hip or knee arthroplasty. Design This retrospective cohort study used data from a national 5% Medicare sample database between January 1, 2010, through December 31, 2015. Setting Home health or outpatient. Participants

Objectives To investigate functional outcomes and state of consciousness at 1-year and >2 years post-injury in children who sustained a traumatic brain injury (TBI) and were in a disorder of consciousness (DOC), either Vegetative State (VS) or Minimally Conscious State (MCS), upon admission to inpatient rehabilitation. Design Retrospective chart review Setting Pediatric inpatient rehabilitation unit

Objective To identify determinants of discharge disposition from acute care among survivors of hypoxic-ischemic brain injury (HIBI), stratified by sex. Design Population-based retrospective cohort study using provincial data in Ontario, Canada. The determinants were grouped into predisposing, need and enabling factors using the Anderson Behavioral Model. Setting Acute care. Participants Survivors of

Objective To evaluate the risk factors associated with 30- and 90-day hospital readmissions in geriatric rehabilitation inpatients. Design Observational, prospective longitudinal inception cohort. Setting Tertiary hospital in Victoria, Australia. Participants: Geriatric rehabilitation inpatients of the REStORing Health of Acutely Unwell AdulTs (RESORT) cohort being assessed by a comprehensive geriatric

Objective To investigate the effects of resistance exercise (RE) on body structure & function, activity and participation in individuals with Parkinson’s Disease (PD) in the mild to moderate stages. Data Sources PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library, Lilacs and PEDro were searched from inception until June 2020 using the terms Parkinson Disease, Exercise, Resistance Training, Muscle

Objective To evaluate the test-retest reproducibility and convergent validity of the Sitting-Rising Test (SRT) in people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS). Design Observational study comprising a test-retest design. Setting Multiple Sclerosis Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel. Participants 50 PwMS (32 women, 18 men), mean age 44.8 (SD=7.6) and mean disease duration of 13.8 (SD=8.5) years

Objective To investigate how satisfaction with treatment outcome is associated with patient mindset and Michigan Hand Outcome Questionnaire (MHQ) scores at baseline and 3 months in patients receiving non-operative treatment for thumb base osteoarthritis (CMC-1 OA). Design Cohort study Setting 20 outpatient locations of a clinic for hand surgery and hand therapy in The Netherlands. Participants Patients

The study was preregistered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Review (PROSPERO) with the following registration number: CRD42020199266. Objectives To evaluate the benefits of aerobic training (AT) programs on cardiorespiratory fitness, functional capacity, balance, and fatigue in people with MS and to identify the most optimal dosage of AT programs for people with MS via a systematic

In order to understand issues related to value, outcomes, and cost-effectiveness of rehabilitation interventions, and to explore how scientific evidence, clinical expertise, and patient needs can be integrated, the Rehabilitation Research and Training Center on Developing Optimal Strategies in Exercise and Survival Skills to Increase Health and Function held a State of the Science (SOS) Symposium on

Objective To investigate the short-term effects of dry needling (DN) on physical function, pain and hip muscle strength in patients with hip osteoarthritis (OA). Design A double-blind, placebo-control, randomized clinical trial. Setting Private practice physiotherapy clinic. Participants Patients with unilateral hip OA (N=45) were randomly allocated to DN group, sham DN group or control group. Interventions

Objectives To 1) provide an overview of the use of the KTA to guide a clinical implementation project; 2) identify activities performed in each phase of the KTA; and 3) provide suggestions to improve KTA activities in PM&R. Data Sources Google Scholar and PubMed were searched up to December 31, 2019. Study Selection Two reviewers screened titles, abstracts, and full-text articles to identify published

Objective To determine the additional effect of dry needling (DN) or percutaneous needle electrolysis (PNE) combined with eccentric exercise (EE) and compare which one is the most effective for patients with patellar tendinopathy (PT). Design Blinded, randomized controlled trial, with follow-up at 10 and 22 weeks. Settings Recruitment was performed in sport clubs. The diagnosis and the intervention

Objective To describe knowledge translation (KT) research as a means of changing practice behaviors in rehabilitation. We specifically aimed to explore how theories, models and frameworks (TMFs) are used to guide KT, methods to tailor KT interventions, and to evaluate outcomes. We hypothesized these methods would increase over the past 10 years. Data Sources Articles were identified through searches

Objective To comprehensively and critically appraise the clinical benefits and engineering designs of FES-rowing for management of individuals with SCI. Data Sources Electronic database searches were conducted in CINAHL, CCTR, COCH, Embase, Emcare, Medline, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science databases from inception to 12 May 2020. Study Selection Search terms used were synonyms of “spinal cord injury”

Objective To present challenges in assessment of applied cognition, and the results of differential item functioning (DIF) analyses used to inform the development of a computerized adaptive test (CAT) Design Measurement evaluation cohort study. DIF analyses of 107 items were conducted across educational, age, and gender groups. DIF hypotheses informed the evaluation of the results. Setting Hospital-based

Objective To determine and compare the effect of yoga, physical therapy (PT), and education on depressive and anxious symptoms in patients with chronic low back pain (cLBP) Design Secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial Setting Academic safety-net hospital and 7 community health centers Participants 320 adults with cLBP Intervention Yoga classes, PT sessions, or an educational book Outcome

Objective To determine the alterations in cardiac structure and function that occur in the months following spinal cord injury. Study Design Cross-sectional Setting Rehabilitation Hospital Participants Twenty-nine (4F) volunteers 3 to 24 months post spinal cord injury. Main Outcome Measures Transthoracic echocardiography was performed on each volunteer. The relationships of time since injury and neurological

Objective To identify and summarize the behavior change techniques (BCTs) included in behavior change interventions for promoting physical activity in persons with multiple sclerosis (MS). Data Sources PubMed, PsycINFO, CINAHL Complete, Scopus, and Embase were initially searched in November 2019, and data extraction began in June 2020. Study Selection The inclusion criteria for studies were: adults

Systems for stroke rehabilitation and recovery are variable and fragmented; stroke survivors often experience gaps in care with detrimental effects on their recovery. We designed and hosted a multidisciplinary and interactive workshop to discuss challenges facing patients recovering from stroke and brainstorm solutions. Forty one participants including clinicians, researchers, and stroke survivors

Objective To develop an item response theory (IRT)-calibrated patient-reported outcome measure (the PROMIS® Cancer Function Brief 3D Profile) of physical function, including associations with fatigue and social participation, in cancer rehabilitation patients. Design Large-scale field-testing, graded response model IRT analyses, and multivariate regression analysis. Setting Six cancer rehabilitation

Advances in data science and timely access to health informatics provide a pathway to integrate patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) into clinical workflows and optimize rehabilitation service delivery. With the shift toward value-based care in the US healthcare system, as highlighted by the recent Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services incentive and penalty programs, it is critical for rehabilitation

Objective To determine the benefits associated with brief inpatient rehabilitation for Covid-19 patients. Design Retrospective chart review. Setting A newly created specialized rehabilitation unit in a tertiary care medical center Participants Consecutive sample of the first 100 patients with Covid-19 infection admitted to rehabilitation. Intervention Inpatient rehabilitation for post-acute care Covid-19

Objective To assess the therapeutic effect of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) for moderate-to-severe carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). Design A prospective, randomized, double-blinded, controlled trial (1-year follow-up). Setting Outpatient of local medical center settings. Participants Twenty-six patients who were diagnosed with bilateral moderate-to-severe CTS (total 52 wrists) were included. For each patient

Objective To compare oxygen consumption and energy expenditure (EE) of the activities of daily living (ADL) in people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) and healthy subjects. Design Cross-sectional observational study Setting Outpatient care facilities Participants Twenty-four moderately impaired PwMS and twenty-one healthy controls. Intervention Not applicable. Outcome measures Oxygen consumption, EE

Objective To identify the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic for individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI), with particular attention to unique effects for individuals with chronic disability. Design Individuals with and without a history of TBI completed a web-based survey. Setting Participants were recruited from the Vanderbilt Brain Injury Patient Registry in Nashville, TN and completed the

Objective To map and characterize the nature of the evidence on the use of digital rectal stimulation for bowel management in individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI). Data sources Five electronic databases were searched: MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Cochrane CENTRAL and Cochrane Incontinence Group from 1990 to November 2019. Study selection Articles that provided information on the use of digital rectal

Objective This study aimed to investigate the effects of an activity-based home program and an exercise-based home program on dizziness severity, balance, and independent level of daily life activities in patients with dizziness due to chronic unilateral peripheral vestibular disorders. Design A single-blind, randomized, controlled trial. Setting University dizziness management clinics Participants

Objective To evaluate the presentations and outcomes of inpatients with COVID-19 presenting with dysphonia and dysphagia in order to investigate trends and inform potential pathways for ongoing care. Design Observational cohort study. Setting An inner city NHS Hospital Trust in London, UK. Participants All adult inpatients hospitalised with COVID-19 who were referred to Speech and Language Therapy

Objective To document the level of physical function in patients with COVID-19 recovering from Acute Respiratory Failure (ARF) and investigate which patient clinical characteristics could predict physical function assessed by the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) test. Design Cross-sectional study Setting Sub-acute unit of a Rehabilitation Institute. Participants 184 patients with COVID-19

Objective Evaluate the validity of the Kids-BESTest clinical criteria for the Functional Reach Test (FRT) forward and lateral with laboratory measures of postural control in children with cerebral palsy (CP). Design Psychometric study of face, concurrent and content validity Setting Clinical laboratory Participants Fifty-eight children aged 7-18 years (ambulant CP n=17, typically developing [TD] n=41)

Objective Traumatic spinal cord injury (TSCI) is a life altering event most often causing permanent physical disability. Little is known about the risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease and related dementia (ADRD) among middle-aged and older adults living with TSCI. Time to diagnosis of and adjusted hazard for ADRD was assessed. Design Cohort Study Setting Using 2007-2017 claims data from the Optum

Objective To examine the relationship between falls efficacy and the change in gait speed and functional status in older patients undergoing post-acute rehabilitation. Design Prospective cohort study Setting Post-acute rehabilitation facility Participants N=180 patients aged 65 years and older. Measurements Data on demographics, functional, cognitive, and affective status were collected upon admission

Objective To examine political participation following traumatic brain injury (TBI). Design Qualitative, participatory research via interviews and observations. Setting Community. Participants 57 individuals with history of TBI and 28 family members (total 85). Procedures Each participant was interviewed to discuss their experience of voting in 2007 or 2008. Data were coded using Grounded Theory to

Objective To analyze the effectiveness of a home-based restorative and compensatory upper limb apraxia (ULA) rehabilitation program. Design A randomized controlled trial. Setting Neurology Unit of San Cecilio Hospital, and two private and specialized healthcare centers. Participants 38 community dwelling participants (25–95 years old, sex ratio 1:1) with unilateral mild-to-moderate poststroke lesions

Objective To examine the adoption of Telerehabilitation services from the stakeholders’ perspective and to investigate the recent advances and future challenges. Data Sources A systematic review of English articles published by PubMed, Thomson ISI’s Web of Science (WoS), and Elsevier’s Scopus between 1998 and 2020. Study Selection The first author screened all titles and abstracts based on the eligibility

Objective To investigate whether unilateral strength training helps improve cortical excitability and clinical outcomes after stroke. Design Randomized controlled trial Setting Rehabilitation sciences research center Participants 26 patients with subacute stroke were randomly assigned to a control group (n=13) or the experimental group (n=13). Interventions Participants in both groups received conventional

Objective To quantify the effect of multiple sclerosis (MS) on spatio-temporal gait characteristics accounting for disability severity and fall classification. Data Sources MEDLINE (1946-2018 August), AMED (1985-2018 August) and PsychINFO (1806-2018 August) were searched for terms on MS and gait. Study Selection Dual independent screening was conducted to identify observational, cross-sectional studies

Objective To determine the impact of aerobic exercise on maximal and submaximal cardiopulmonary responses and predictors of change in individuals with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Design Single-center, parallel-group, rater-blind study. Setting Research laboratory Participants Individual’s with mild to moderate PD (N=100) Intervention Participants were enrolled in a trial evaluating the impact of cycling

Objective To compare two different protocols (ESWT, oral medications, and an exercise program with the control group ) for the treatment of CLBP, we designed this study. Design All the patients were randomly allocated to two intervention and control groups. Simple complete randomization was used for the allocation of the patients using the table of random numbers. Setting In this study, 32 patients

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of botulinum toxin A (BTX-A) in treatment of hemiplegic shoulder pain. Data Sources PubMed, EMBASE, Elsevier, Springer, Cochrane Library, Physiotherapy Evidence Database, CNKI, and VIP were researched from the earliest records to September 1, 2020. Study Selection Randomized controlled trials that compared shoulder BTX-A injections versus a control intervention

Objective World Health Organization’s (WHO) Rehabilitation 2030 initiative is developing a set of evidence-based interventions selected from clinical practice guidelines for Universal Health Coverage. As an initial step, WHO Rehabilitation Programme and Cochrane Rehabilitation convened global content experts to conduct systematic reviews of clinical practice guidelines for 20 chronic health conditions

Objective To evaluate the psychometric properties of the Spinal Cord Injury Functional Index (SCI-FI) instruments in a community-dwelling sample. Design Cross-sectional study. Setting Community setting. Participants 269 individuals recruited from six SCI Model Systems sites. Interventions n/a Main Outcome Measures Participants completed computer adaptive test (CAT) and short form versions of four SCI-FI/Capacity

Objective To describe functional changes after inpatient stroke rehabilitation (ISR) using the Activity Measure for Post Acute Care (AM-PAC), an assessment measure sensitive to change and with a low risk of ceiling effect. Design Retrospective, longitudinal cohort study. Setting Inpatient rehabilitation unit of an urban academic medical center Participants Among 433 patients with stroke admitted from

Peer support is a central tenant of the Disability Rights Movements and is based on the recognition that experiential knowledge and shared experiences provide opportunities for informational, emotional and appraisal support amongst people with physical disabilities. “Peer support interventions” is an umbrella term used to describe a range of ancillary services provided by people with disabilities to

The COVID-19 pandemic has necessitated adoption of telerehabilitation in services where face-to-face consultations were previously standard. We aimed to understand barriers to implementing a telerehabilitation clinical service and design a behaviour support strategy for clinicians to implement telerehabilitation. A hybrid implementation study design included pre and post intervention questionnaires;

Objective To report the results of the systematic search performed to identify interventions and related evidence for rehabilitation of individuals with amputation based on the current evidence from Clinical Practice Guidelines (CPGs). Data sources Pubmed, Pedro, CINAHL, Embase, Google Scholar, and multiple guideline databases (date restriction 2008-2018). Study Selection Exclusion criteria were ‘no

Objective To evaluate the reliability and validity of clinical tests for measuring cervical muscle strength or endurance in subjects with and without neck pain. Data source Systematic review and meta-analysis on reliability and validity. Literature search was conducted on January 28, 2020 using five databases: MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE, Sportdiscus, Scopus. Study Selection We included studies that investigated

Long-standing research in animal models and humans with stroke or incomplete spinal cord injury (iSCI) indicate that specific physical training variables, such as the specificity and amount of practice, may influence neurological recovery and locomotor function. More recent data highlight the contributions of exercise intensity, as estimated indirectly by cardiovascular exertion, as potentially more

Objective The aim of this systematic review is to critically assess the effectiveness of Vestibular Rehabilitation (VR) administered either alone or in combination with other neurorehabilitation strategies in patients with neurological disorders. Data Sources An electronic search was conducted by two independent reviewers in the following databases: MEDLINE (Pubmed), the Physiotherapy Evidence Database

This essay is an invited commentary on the report “Systematic review of clinical guidelines related to care of individuals with cerebral palsy as part of the World Health Organization efforts to develop a global Package of Interventions for Rehabilitation” in this journal (reference). As a blinded reviewer of the original and revised versions of this interesting paper, I was stimulated to reflect on

Objective To investigate whether indicators of patient need (comorbidity burden; fall risk) predict acute care rehabilitation utilization, and whether this relationship varies across patient characteristics (i.e., demographic characteristics; insurance type). Design Secondary analysis of electronic health records (EHR) data. Setting Five acute care hospitals. Participants 110,209 adults admitted to

Hospitalized patients often experience unnecessary immobility and inactivity leading to direct harms and poor outcomes. Despite growing evidence that early and regular mobility and activity are safe and helpful for patients in the hospital, there remains substantial room for improvement in clinical practice. Key to improvement is establishing an interdisciplinary approach to measurement and communication

Objective To evaluate how self-reported problems change over time among people with spinal cord injury (SCI). Design Cross-sequential analysis Setting Medical university in the Southeastern United States. Participants Participants included 1,997 individuals with traumatic SCI of at least 1-year duration, who were identified from participation in the SCI Longitudinal Aging Study from 1993 to 2018. Interventions

Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is a multisystemic disorder that affects 30-80% of patients who undergo allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation 10-15% of GVHD patients develop sclerotic features affecting the skin or deeper tissues, leading to functional limitations and poor quality of life. There is limited literature regarding the indications and efficacy of specific rehabilitative interventions

Objective To identify and characterize subgroups of stroke patients with clinical signs of dysphagia, based on swallowing-related strength and skill impairments of the submental muscle group. Design Prospective observational study. Setting Inpatient rehabilitation centers and community dwellings. Participants Stroke patients with dysphagia (n=55), and two control groups: myopathic patients with dysphagia

Objective To systematically review and synthesise the evidence on physical activity and sedentary behaviour during and after hospitalisation. Data Sources Electronic databases and reference lists of relevant articles were searched from year 2000 to April 2020 Study Selection Studies which continuously monitored physical activity and/or sedentary behaviour in hospitalised adults across two settings

Objective To examine the differences in community participation and quality of life (QOL) among people who use wheelchairs full time with and without fear of falling (FOF). Design Cross-sectional study design Setting University research laboratory Participants Data from 85 people who use a manual or power wheelchair full time living with various health conditions, and have a history of at least one