This study aims to numerically perform individualized calibration of a whole-body monitoring system for measuring the activity of 131I internal contamination. A set of ten computational phantoms inside the whole-body counter (WBC) unit were simulated using Monte Carlo code MCNPX 2.6 to investigate the effect of various morphometric parameters on the calibration factors. The counting efficiencies for

Direct measurement of mammographic x-ray spectra under clinical conditions can be useful for quality control (QC) in mammography for estimating image quality and patient dose. The measurement of mammographic x-ray spectra using the traditional detectors with multi-channel pulse height analyzer (MCA) systems is challenging because of the limitations imposed on measurements with high energy resolution

A SiO2 cladding LYSO:Ce scintillation fiber is fabricated by the improved rod-in-tube method. The radiation sensing characterizations are studied by electron irradiation experiments, including time response, dose response, the influence of the factors such as the fiber length and the distance between radiation source and fiber on the radiation responses. Good electron radiation sensing characterization

This work presents the analysis of the images acquired by 3D scans of Fluorescence Nuclear Track Detector (FNTD)-based neutron dosimeters irradiated with fast neutrons. The objective is to demonstrate the feasibility of 3D track-spot detection and trajectories reconstruction of recoil protons, offering a robust δ-ray filtering, and investigate if this analysis provides useful information on the exposure

The measurement of teeth in vivo (i.e., in the mouth, without extraction) with EPR spectroscopy in the L-band would allow to screen large groups of population in an event of an acute radiation exposure and in routine epidemiological studies. The radiation dose is proportional to intensity of the radiation-induced signal amplitude determined after subtraction of both native and solar light induced signal

Medipix and Timepix type hybrid-pixel photon counting detectors were originally developed and intended as particle trackers at the Large Hadron Collider at CERN. Nevertheless, the applicability of Medipix technology is much broader and exceeds the field of high energy physics. The unique features of Medipix devices – namely the dark-current-free quantum-counting, energy-determination and steep point-spread

The objective of this work is to demonstrate the potential application of Al2O3:C optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) films for 2D dosimetry in magnetic resonance guided radiotherapy (MRgRT), a modality which combines two dosimetric challenges: small field dosimetry and dosimetry in the presence of magnetic field. To achieve that, prototype Al2O3:C and Al2O3:C, Mg OSL films produced by Landauer

This research work investigates the effects of He–Ne laser (115 and 287 J/cm2 fluence) radiation on the etching parameters like bulk etch rate VB, track etch rate VT, Sensitivity S, critical angle θC and efficiency η of Lexan plastic track detector, irradiated with fission fragments from 252Cf source. The changes in etching parameters due to He–Ne laser in the fluence range of 0, 115, and 287 J/cm2

The rotating scatter mask system is capable of determining the direction of a single point gamma or neutron source. However, the point source approximation does not hold for many realistic applications, requiring more detailed reconstructions with this system. This study is the first to characterize the rotating scatter mask as a gamma imager, or camera, through a detailed analysis of the relative

In this work, plastic scintillators containing organic phosphors with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) properties were developed. Among the various organic phosphors having AIE properties, 1,1,2,2-tetraphenylethylene (TPE) was used in this study. Analysis of the scintillation properties of the scintillators containing different TPE concentrations was performed. It was found that the photoluminescence

This work presents the characterization of the thermoluminescence (TL) glow curve of a copper and silver doped lithium tetraborate (Li2B4O7:Cu,Ag) made using three different methods to identify the number of peaks, the trap structure and the kinetics parameters: TM-Tstop, glow curve fitting (GCF) and various heating rates (VHR). The obtained results can be consistently explained assuming four TL glow

In the framework of the European Project CONFIDENCE („COping with uNcertainties For Improved modelling and DEcision making in Nuclear emergenCiEs“), the characterization of two applications (“RadioactivityCounter and “GammaPix”) that enable dose-rate measurements with an ordinary smartphone was carried out. In case of a nuclear emergency, such softwares allow to use the CMOS sensor of the built-in

We have developed a compact, organic-scintillator-based alpha/beta spectrometer for radon measurements and have characterized it using a unique, small radon chamber. The spectrometer is composed of a through-silicon via (TSV) silicon photomultiplier (or SiPM) and a 6 mm × 6 mm × 6 mm stilbene crystal cube. Analog signals from the SiPM are sent to a digitizer. The detector is housed in a light-tight

The main aim of the presented paper was to perform neutron measurements using Solid State Nuclear Track Detectors and to compare obtained results with those obtained on the basis of Monte Carlo simulations of the experimental setup. The CR-39 type track detectors coupled with various radiators were used to measure neutrons emitted from a DT neutron generator. The detectors were also shielded with various

Radon is a gaseous alpha emitter radionuclide deriving from the primordial radioactive nuclides present on Earth. Although only 222Rn isotope is commonly considered in radon pollution surveys, there is another isotope, 220Rn, also called Thoron, that is dangerous for human health. In this work these two radon isotopes discrimination is investigated, using a solid-state nuclear track detector (SSNTD)

Aircraft crew are one of the groups of radiation workers which receive the highest annual exposure to ionizing radiation. Validation of computer codes used routinely for calculation of the exposure due to cosmic radiation and the observation of nonpredictable changes in the level of the exposure due to solar energetic particles, requires continuous measurements onboard aircraft. Appropriate calibration

The use of ionizing radiation in industrial radiation-processing applications is well-known and low-energy electron beam accelerators are gaining in importance, as they offer several advantages over isotope radiation sources. In this study, a solid-state, polymer material, which responds to high radiation doses by the change in fluorescence intensity, is presented. The ease of photopolymerization process

A temperature growth and a decrease in impurity ion concentration result in a sensitivity increase of Al2O3:Mn ceramics to the ionizing radiation. The highest sensitivity to the ionizing radiation for Mn-doped alumina ceramics is observed for minimum dopant concentration and a maximum of temperature sintering (maximum sintering temperature). A sublinear increase in a thermoluminescence intensity with

A real-time neutron detector was developed to measure an intense neutron beam, based on both a thin silicon sensor and an extremely thin neutron converter for boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT). Neutron response function and detection efficiency were evaluated at the BNCT facility. The response function consists of neutron events, detecting both Triton particles produced from the 6Li (n,t)4He reaction

The aim of this paper is to characterize the IRSL response of rare earth doped CaF2 and co-doped with Al or Li, produced by the solution combustion synthesis (SCS). The results showed a high intensity of the infrared optically stimulated luminescence (IRSL) response for the samples of CaF2 doped with Tb and co-doped with Li. For the samples of CaF2 doped with Ce and co-doped with Li present better

In Japan, the possibility to change the current dose limit of the lens of the eye for the radiation workers working in the planned exposure situation (normal controlled situations) to a new ICRP dose limit was discussed. It was further discussed how to appropriately monitor and manage the equivalent dose of the eye lenses for these workers exposed to radiation at their workplaces, such as nuclear and

Current internal dosimetry monitoring programmes generally feature periodic measurements that are defined for the most commonly-encountered radionuclides. These programmes are not directly applicable to research centres that produce novel and short-lived radionuclides which are then used for the manufacture of radiopharmaceuticals, such as the CERN-MEDICIS facility hosted at CERN. This work presents

A portable thyroid dose monitoring system has been developed at the Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA) to assess the thyroid equivalent dose for workers and members of the public in a high dose rate environment. The background (B.G.) photon correction is required for an accurate measurement in a high dose rate environment at an early stage after a nuclear accident. The responses of the system to the

With the aim of encouraging and facilitating the participation of Individual Monitoring Services (IMS) in personal dosemeter intercomparisons, EURADOS (the European Radiation Dosimetry Group) started to organise a self-sustained programme of regular intercomparisons in 2008. Since then, six intercomparisons for whole-body dosemeters and two for extremity dosemeters in photon and beta fields, and two

In the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (FDNPP) accident, a considerable amount of radioactive materials were released into the environment. Long-term monitoring is essential for radiation protection and decontamination of the environment. In this study, we analyze the ratio of the air dose rate to 137Cs activity per unit area on the ground over different land use types, and further examine the

A sealed mini-TEPC able to work in gas-steady modality, a monolithic silicon device composed by a matrix of micrometric cylindrical diodes and a residual energy measurement stage and the silicon MicroPlus Bridge detector were used to perform microdosimetric measurements at the 62 MeV proton clinical SOBP of CATANA at the Southern National Laboratories of INFN (LNS – INFN, Catania, Italy). Measurements

Terrestrial gamma and neutron flashes can result in considerable radiation exposure of aircraft crew and passengers in their close vicinity. Lightning impulse voltage generators imitate selected stages of natural lightning processes and can serve as a test environment for the development and calibration of detector systems for such short term radiation events. This work presents the results of measurements

In a wide international cooperation, thin dosimetric films were developed for radiation protection and clinical dosimetry applications. The goal was providing proof of principle of a novel approach to entrance surface dosimetry, in general, and to extremity dosimetry, in particular. The latter is an extremely challenging task since ring and wrist dosimeters do not allow reliable estimates of the higher

The gas gain in the range of 1.0–2 × 105 was measured for propane-based tissue equivalent gas mixtures in the pressure range of 9–500 hPa. The Zastawny and Mitev et al. models of avalanche growth were used to analyse the obtained data. Both models showed that for low pressures of the working mixture, (i.e., below 80 hPa), there were non–equilibrium states of the development of the electron avalanche

The electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) response of alanine pellet dosimeters irradiated in a 40kV x-ray beam with effective energy 9keV was investigated, which is a factor of three lower than for currently available literature data. The response was compared to the EPR response of alanine pellets irradiated in a reference cobalt-60 field to obtain the relative efficiency of the dosimeter – the ratio

A new luminescence dating protocol was developed to circumvent the problem of thermal transfer and poor thermal stability of Infrared Stimulated Luminescence (IRSL) of samples from late glacial loess sediments in Central Alaska, USA. This new protocol is proposed as an alternative to routine procedures for which scattered and erratic results were obtained using standard IRSL and post-IR IRSL protocols

In the present work, we consider the filling and thermal emptying of traps and centers in a simple one-trap-one-recombination-center model in a small system such as a quartz grain in nature, when both the excitation and thermal release of electrons are very slow. Due to the nature of the very slow process, Monte Carlo simulations appear to be a very appropriate method. However, in parallel, we have

Lithium magnesium phosphate (LiMgPO4, called LMP) crystals doped with different concentration of Tb, B and Tm were tested in regard to their radioluminescence emitted during irradiation. LMP crystals were grown with a micro-pulling down method as rods at IFJ PAN. The samples in the form of the thin slices were very sensitive to the ionizing radiation. Differently doped LMP samples were tested in a

TL dosimetric characteristics of glass screen protectors were analyzed for radiation accident dosimetry. Radiation-induced TL signal and intrinsic background signal of these glasses were investigated. An attempt to categorize the glasses according to the shape of their radiation-induced TL glow curve was made. Then, the main dosimetric properties were studied for a category of glass. Radiation-induced

In this work, the etch-rate ratio V of CR-39 detector irradiated by alpha particles was investigated at different alpha particle energies. The study involved a new empirical equation for V as a function of residual range R'. The introduced equation encompassed five free parameters ɑ1 = 0.098 μm−1, ɑ2 = 1.86, ɑ3 = 37.78 μm, ɑ4 = 36.98 μm and ɑ5 = 0.98 which showed good agreement with the experimental

Scintillation dosimeters are high efficiency and resolution devices for 3D dose radiotherapy measurement. Water is the best tissue equivalent material for most types of radiation, thus water-equivalent scintillator is the preferred scintillator for radiotherapy dose measurement. This research paper describes a new method of preparing water-equivalent liquid scintillators (LS). In this study, we first

The estimation of the irradiation date of a significant dose on a personal dosimeter can help to track the source of an exposure enhancing existing radiation protection programs. We reconstruct the irradiation date in the case of a single high dose exposure using thin-film LiF:Mg, Ti dosimeter in the TL-DOS project. In contrast to previous investigations on this topic, we include both pre-irradiation

Neutron exposure Accelerator System for Biological Effect Experiments (NASBEE) at National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology (NIRS-QST) achieved thermal neutron flux of a therapeutic intensity of (1.75 ± 0.13) × 109 cm−2 s−1 by optimizing polyethylene (PE) moderator in the beam port. The dose contamination of gamma rays was 2

A non-destructive, optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) technique was tested on samples of back protective glasses from modern smartphones for possible application in post-exposure radiation triage following a radiological accident. Excitation light from a green-wavelength laser was directed to the samples using an optical fiber; the same optical fiber was used to direct the emission light from

Mandatory eye lens monitoring for exposed workers who are liable to receive an equivalent dose to the lens of the eye higher than 15 mSv in one year, required by the new European Basic Safety Standard 2013/59 and the recommendation given by the International Commission on Radiological Protection to lower the annual dose limit for the lens of the eye to 20 mSv, have put dosimetry services using Panasonic

The purpose of this work was to investigate the use of a commercial cadmium-telluride detector as an absolute thermal neutron measurement device on a proton therapy unit. Experimental measurements were performed on water phantoms using a 25 mm2, 1 mm thick uncollimated CdTe spectrometer. The detector was shielded using sheets of borated polyethylene minimizing the measured direct neutron spectrum from

The origin of the “red” emission bands in the 600 nm–700 nm region, observed in quartz crystals used for luminescence dating and environmental dosimetry, is still controversial. Their reported spectral and lifetime characteristics are often similar to those of oxygen dangling bonds (“non-bridging oxygen hole centers, NBOHCs”) in glassy silicon dioxide. The presence of these “surface radical type” centers

The precise study of the accumulation and subsequent thermal annealing of the defects responsible for the complex absorption band around 2.16 eV, being under discussion in the literature for a long time, has been performed in highly pure MgO single crystals exposed to 0.23-GeV 132Xe ions with a fluence of Φ = 5 × 1011 − 3.3 × 1014 ions/cm2. Three Gaussian components with the maxima at 2.16, 2.02 and

This article reports initial results of fabricating a tailor-made 3D dosimeter using radiochromic material and a 3D printer. The 3D dose distribution is easily visualized and quantitated as the transparent polymers become colored after irradiation. With this technology, we propose a novel method that uses 3D dosimetry to precisely copy the shape of human organs with our 3D printed dosimeter and help

Thermoluminescence data for several materials show that there are measurable differences between signals from crystalline and powder variants. With examples starting with crystalline calcite, Iceland Spar, and aragonite, and calcium fluoride (with rare earth impurities) the crushed material has altered signals. The changes are variously (i) alterations in the relative intensities of the glow peaks

We have investigated doping concentration dependence of optically-stimulated luminescence (OSL), as well as the fundamental optical and thermally-stimulated luminescence (TSL), in Eu-doped CsBr transparent ceramics. The photoluminescence, TSL and OSL showed a broad emission spectrum peaking around 440 nm, and the emission origin was the 5d-4f transitions of Eu2+. The emission peak position shifted

New anoxic and normoxic polymer gel dosimeters containing different concentrations of N-(3-Methoxypropyl) acrylamide (NMPA) are introduced in this investigation for radiotherapy treatment planning dose validation. NMPA dosimeters were irradiated to 20 Gy using the 10 MV photon beam of a medical linear accelerator under a constant dose rate. The polymerization of NMPA dosimeters occurs and increases

In this study, we propose an original approach for particle discrimination in a mixed radiation field using scintillators. The method relies on the possibility to identify the point of interaction in a phoswich detector from the emission spectra of the produced scintillation light, using optical filters as passive selectors. As a proof of concept, we developed a compact prototype thermal neutron active

At the European Spallation Source (ESS), a Target Imaging System (TIS) has been proposed to monitor the integrity of the target wheel. The TIS signal will be provided by the gamma decay photons from the activated tungsten bricks of the target. To collect the photons, a linear array of 500 scintillators is mounted on a collimator and the imaging is achieved via a push-broom method. Scintillation light

Results of proficiency performance testing of the direct ion storage dosimeter, MBD-1, and thermoluminescence dosimeter, Harshaw 8840/8841 are presented. The MBD-1 is a real-time, self-indicating dosimeter whereas Harshaw 8840/8841 requires a labor and time consuming processes involving Harshaw TLD reader. At certain situations both dosimeters can be worn simultaneously by personnel. Three different

When dose measurement is carried out using an optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dosimeter which uses a disk-shaped dosimeter in the diagnostic X-ray examination, angular dependence of the dosimeter should be taken into consideration. Angular dependence is the characteristic in which the detector response varies depending on incident angle of X-ray to the dosimeter and this becomes one of the

The Laboratory of Dosimetry of the University of Sao Paulo performs the external individual monitoring of workers exposed to X and gamma rays applying thermoluminescence (TL) technique. Two types of detectors are used in this service: TLD-100 (LiF:Mg,Ti) and pellets made with natural green fluorite cold pressed with sodium chloride as agglutinant (CaF2:NaCl). Due to the mechanical fragility of the

Pinhole-based twin cup dosimeters are capable of distinguishing 222Rn and 220Rn passively, as well as measuring their concentrations via Solid State Nuclear Track Detector films. However, the reliability of the measurements can be affected by environmental conditions and design of the device. To evaluate the significance of diffusion coefficient of air, radius, length, and number of pinholes, as well

LiF:Mg,Ti thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLDs) are frequently used for personal dosimetry by individual monitoring services (IMS) all over the world. This study focused on the investigation and accurate description of thermoluminescent signal fading in these dosimeters. The routine readout procedure was performed with the controlled heating of the detector elements according to defined time-temperature

The high-resolution imaging of alpha particles is required for the development of radio-compounds for targeted alpha-particle therapy or alpha emitter detection at nuclear facilities. Therefore, we developed an ultrahigh-resolution, real-time alpha-particle imaging system for observing the trajectories of alpha particles in a scintillator. The developed alpha-particle imaging system is made from a

Recently, we developed a radiochromic gel dosimeter based on a polyvinyl alcohol-iodide (PVA-I) complexes that can be reused after annealing. Although, the dosimeter is composed of water mostly, iodine was partially added. In the present study, the dosimeteric impact of iodine content in a PVA-I gel dosimeter was investigated through percentage depth dose (PDD) measurements using a flatbed scanner

A series of Eu-doped BaAl2O4 crystals with different doping concentrations were grown by the floating zone technique, and the photoluminescence (PL) and scintillation properties were investigated. The samples exhibit PL and scintillation having a broad emission feature peaking around 500 nm, regardless of the concentration. From the spectral and decay time features, we confirm that the origin of the

The current state-of-the-art breast surgery uses radioactive brachytherapy sources to indicate the center of the tumor and possibly a few points on the periphery as seen on mammography. Since such guidance is very coarse, tumor free margins are not achievable in many cases and a re-excision procedure is often required. Better radiation guidance (radio-guidance) could come from labelling cancer cells

The European Radiation Dosimetry Group (EURADOS) has set up intercomparison exercises for personal dosemeters on a regular basis. In 2017, the second EURADOS intercomparison for neutron dosemeters (IC2017n) took place. The intercomparison concerned the performance of neutron dosemeters provided by individual monitoring services to measure neutron personal dose equivalent, Hp(10). The irradiations,

ESR tooth enamel retrospective doses were obtained for teeth of 16 cattle bred in the two ranches located in the area contaminated by Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power accidents in 2011. The obtained doses are up to 1.0 Gy for cattle bred in both two ranches. The doses obtained for cattle in Omaru ranch, with higher contamination, are roughly consistent with the cumulative environmental dose. High dose