A new luminescence dating protocol was developed to circumvent the problem of thermal transfer and poor thermal stability of Infrared Stimulated Luminescence (IRSL) of samples from late glacial loess sediments in Central Alaska, USA. This new protocol is proposed as an alternative to routine procedures for which scattered and erratic results were obtained using standard IRSL and post-IR IRSL protocols

The electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) response of alanine pellet dosimeters irradiated in a 40 k V x-ray beam with effective energy 9 ke V was investigated, which is a factor of three lower than for currently available literature data. The response was compared to the EPR response of alanine pellets irradiated in a reference cobalt-60 field to obtain the relative efficiency of the dosimeter – the

The estimation of the irradiation date of a significant dose on a personal dosimeter can help to track the source of an exposure enhancing existing radiation protection programs. We reconstruct the irradiation date in the case of a single high dose exposure using thin-film LiF:Mg, Ti dosimeter in the TL-DOS project. In contrast to previous investigations on this topic, we include both pre-irradiation

Neutron exposure Accelerator System for Biological Effect Experiments (NASBEE) at National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology (NIRS-QST) achieved thermal neutron flux of a therapeutic intensity of (1.75 ± 0.13) × 109 cm−2 s−1 by optimizing polyethylene (PE) moderator in the beam port. The dose contamination of gamma rays was 2

A non-destructive, optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) technique was tested on samples of back protective glasses from modern smartphones for possible application in post-exposure radiation triage following a radiological accident. Excitation light from a green-wavelength laser was directed to the samples using an optical fiber; the same optical fiber was used to direct the emission light from

The use of ionizing radiation in industrial radiation-processing applications is well-known and low-energy electron beam accelerators are gaining in importance, as they offer several advantages over isotope radiation sources. In this study, a solid-state, polymer material, which responds to high radiation doses by the change in fluorescence intensity, is presented. The ease of photopolymerization process

Mandatory eye lens monitoring for exposed workers who are liable to receive an equivalent dose to the lens of the eye higher than 15 mSv in one year, required by the new European Basic Safety Standard 2013/59 and the recommendation given by the International Commission on Radiological Protection to lower the annual dose limit for the lens of the eye to 20 mSv, have put dosimetry services using Panasonic

The purpose of this work was to investigate the use of a commercial cadmium-telluride detector as an absolute thermal neutron measurement device on a proton therapy unit. Experimental measurements were performed on water phantoms using a 25 mm2, 1 mm thick uncollimated CdTe spectrometer. The detector was shielded using sheets of borated polyethylene minimizing the measured direct neutron spectrum from

The origin of the “red” emission bands in the 600 nm–700 nm region, observed in quartz crystals used for luminescence dating and environmental dosimetry, is still controversial. Their reported spectral and lifetime characteristics are often similar to those of oxygen dangling bonds (“non-bridging oxygen hole centers, NBOHCs”) in glassy silicon dioxide. The presence of these “surface radical type” centers

The precise study of the accumulation and subsequent thermal annealing of the defects responsible for the complex absorption band around 2.16 eV, being under discussion in the literature for a long time, has been performed in highly pure MgO single crystals exposed to 0.23-GeV 132Xe ions with a fluence of Φ = 5 × 1011 − 3.3 × 1014 ions/cm2. Three Gaussian components with the maxima at 2.16, 2.02 and

This article reports initial results of fabricating a tailor-made 3D dosimeter using radiochromic material and a 3D printer. The 3D dose distribution is easily visualized and quantitated as the transparent polymers become colored after irradiation. With this technology, we propose a novel method that uses 3D dosimetry to precisely copy the shape of human organs with our 3D printed dosimeter and help

Thermoluminescence data for several materials show that there are measurable differences between signals from crystalline and powder variants. With examples starting with crystalline calcite, Iceland Spar, and aragonite, and calcium fluoride (with rare earth impurities) the crushed material has altered signals. The changes are variously (i) alterations in the relative intensities of the glow peaks

We have investigated doping concentration dependence of optically-stimulated luminescence (OSL), as well as the fundamental optical and thermally-stimulated luminescence (TSL), in Eu-doped CsBr transparent ceramics. The photoluminescence, TSL and OSL showed a broad emission spectrum peaking around 440 nm, and the emission origin was the 5d-4f transitions of Eu2+. The emission peak position shifted

New anoxic and normoxic polymer gel dosimeters containing different concentrations of N-(3-Methoxypropyl) acrylamide (NMPA) are introduced in this investigation for radiotherapy treatment planning dose validation. NMPA dosimeters were irradiated to 20 Gy using the 10 MV photon beam of a medical linear accelerator under a constant dose rate. The polymerization of NMPA dosimeters occurs and increases

In this study, we propose an original approach for particle discrimination in a mixed radiation field using scintillators. The method relies on the possibility to identify the point of interaction in a phoswich detector from the emission spectra of the produced scintillation light, using optical filters as passive selectors. As a proof of concept, we developed a compact prototype thermal neutron active

At the European Spallation Source (ESS), a Target Imaging System (TIS) has been proposed to monitor the integrity of the target wheel. The TIS signal will be provided by the gamma decay photons from the activated tungsten bricks of the target. To collect the photons, a linear array of 500 scintillators is mounted on a collimator and the imaging is achieved via a push-broom method. Scintillation light

Results of proficiency performance testing of the direct ion storage dosimeter, MBD-1, and thermoluminescence dosimeter, Harshaw 8840/8841 are presented. The MBD-1 is a real-time, self-indicating dosimeter whereas Harshaw 8840/8841 requires a labor and time consuming processes involving Harshaw TLD reader. At certain situations both dosimeters can be worn simultaneously by personnel. Three different

When dose measurement is carried out using an optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dosimeter which uses a disk-shaped dosimeter in the diagnostic X-ray examination, angular dependence of the dosimeter should be taken into consideration. Angular dependence is the characteristic in which the detector response varies depending on incident angle of X-ray to the dosimeter and this becomes one of the

The Laboratory of Dosimetry of the University of Sao Paulo performs the external individual monitoring of workers exposed to X and gamma rays applying thermoluminescence (TL) technique. Two types of detectors are used in this service: TLD-100 (LiF:Mg,Ti) and pellets made with natural green fluorite cold pressed with sodium chloride as agglutinant (CaF2:NaCl). Due to the mechanical fragility of the

Pinhole-based twin cup dosimeters are capable of distinguishing 222Rn and 220Rn passively, as well as measuring their concentrations via Solid State Nuclear Track Detector films. However, the reliability of the measurements can be affected by environmental conditions and design of the device. To evaluate the significance of diffusion coefficient of air, radius, length, and number of pinholes, as well

LiF:Mg,Ti thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLDs) are frequently used for personal dosimetry by individual monitoring services (IMS) all over the world. This study focused on the investigation and accurate description of thermoluminescent signal fading in these dosimeters. The routine readout procedure was performed with the controlled heating of the detector elements according to defined time-temperature

The high-resolution imaging of alpha particles is required for the development of radio-compounds for targeted alpha-particle therapy or alpha emitter detection at nuclear facilities. Therefore, we developed an ultrahigh-resolution, real-time alpha-particle imaging system for observing the trajectories of alpha particles in a scintillator. The developed alpha-particle imaging system is made from a

Recently, we developed a radiochromic gel dosimeter based on a polyvinyl alcohol-iodide (PVA-I) complexes that can be reused after annealing. Although, the dosimeter is composed of water mostly, iodine was partially added. In the present study, the dosimeteric impact of iodine content in a PVA-I gel dosimeter was investigated through percentage depth dose (PDD) measurements using a flatbed scanner

A series of Eu-doped BaAl2O4 crystals with different doping concentrations were grown by the floating zone technique, and the photoluminescence (PL) and scintillation properties were investigated. The samples exhibit PL and scintillation having a broad emission feature peaking around 500 nm, regardless of the concentration. From the spectral and decay time features, we confirm that the origin of the

The current state-of-the-art breast surgery uses radioactive brachytherapy sources to indicate the center of the tumor and possibly a few points on the periphery as seen on mammography. Since such guidance is very coarse, tumor free margins are not achievable in many cases and a re-excision procedure is often required. Better radiation guidance (radio-guidance) could come from labelling cancer cells

The European Radiation Dosimetry Group (EURADOS) has set up intercomparison exercises for personal dosemeters on a regular basis. In 2017, the second EURADOS intercomparison for neutron dosemeters (IC2017n) took place. The intercomparison concerned the performance of neutron dosemeters provided by individual monitoring services to measure neutron personal dose equivalent, Hp(10). The irradiations,

ESR tooth enamel retrospective doses were obtained for teeth of 16 cattle bred in the two ranches located in the area contaminated by Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power accidents in 2011. The obtained doses are up to 1.0 Gy for cattle bred in both two ranches. The doses obtained for cattle in Omaru ranch, with higher contamination, are roughly consistent with the cumulative environmental dose. High dose

In radiation therapy, the dose distribution is determined using a homogeneous phantom. However, given that the human body includes not only soft tissue but also air and bone, it is desirable to be able to verify the dose distribution in a human body. In the context of developing an anthropomorphic phantom dosimeter for photon therapy, there is therefore a need to improve the tissue equivalencies of

This study investigated the series of proficiency testing held by the Institute of Nuclear Energy Research (INER) from 2010 to 2017and the benchmark of one type of dose evaluation system for personnel dosimeters in Taiwan. Based on the latest American National Standard Institute/Health Physics Society (ANSI/HPS) N13.11–2009 (R2015) performance testing standard, the personnel dose equivalent, Hp(d)

FASTSCAN (Canberra, Meriden, CT, USA), a standing-type whole-body counter with upper and lower NaI(Tl) detectors, has been mostly used to determine local residents’ level of internal contamination with 134/137Cs following the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (FDNPP) disaster in 2011. In the present study, we performed Monte-Carlo simulations with age-specific mathematical human phantoms to investigate

Free radicals are formed when human fingernails are exposed to ionizing radiation. These free radicals can easily be detected using an electron spin resonance (ESR) technique. Although recent works have made important contributions to the development of ESR technique with fingernails, the effects of multiple irradiations on sensitivity of the radiation-induced signal and the influence of heat in the

Silver-activated phosphate glass has long been used as passive-type solid state dosimeter for both individual and environmental dose monitoring. The principle is classified as radio-photoluminescence (RPL) whose mechanism is different from TSL and OSL. The RPL dosimeter has excellent characteristics such as stable sensitivity, negligible fading and reliable repeatability in radiation dose measurement

Bi-loaded plastic scintillators were successfully synthesized using the solvent evaporation method and were used as detectors for synchrotron X-ray radiation. The photoluminescence emission spectra and X-ray-excited radioluminescence spectra of all prepared plastic scintillators presented broad emission bands in the range of 350–500 nm, which derived from the fluorescence of the organic phosphor,

The Asian Radiation Dosimetry Group (ARADOS) was established in 2015 with the aim of promoting collaborations among Asian countries on relevant activities in the field of radiation dosimetry. Since then, annual meetings have been organized by the Republic of Korea, China and Japan in order to share information on the researches done in each country. In past annual meetings, members have discussed the

Undoped and Tb-doped MgAl2O4 transparent ceramics were synthesized by the Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS) method, and dosimetric properties were investigated. The Tb-doped sample showed thermally stimulated luminescence (TSL) and optically stimulated luminescence (OSL), in which the emission center was Tb3+ ions. The TSL glow peaks of the Tb-doped sample are detected at 64, 151, 235, 299, and 385 °C.

Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are being investigated extensively for their role as radiosensitisers. Studies have shown that they are effective dose enhancing agents. One of the main factors that enables AuNPs to function as dose enhancing agents is their ability to generate reactive oxygen species under X-ray irradiation. In this study, we investigated this issue utilising a chemiluminescence technique

Radiation doses received by astronauts outside the geomagnetic field are a main risk factor for human space exploration. The Miniaturized Detector for Application in Space (MIDAS) device is a highly miniaturized radiation detector (mass <50 g, volume < 5 × 5 × 1 cm3) which is under development using fully depleted monolithic active pixel sensors and a plastic scintillator readout by a Silicon Photomultiplier

The recent lowering of the dose limit for the eye lens from occupational exposure aroused interest in respect to the monitoring of doses to the eye lens. Particular eye dosemeters were developed for this purpose, but routinely used common personal dosemeters can be also employed for evaluation of the dose to the eye lens. For comparison purposes, we performed measurements of personal doses of physicians

The thermal and spatial stabilities of net optical densities (ODs) of a novel radiochromic polyvinyl alcohol-iodide (PVA-I) gel dosimeter were investigated in association with different levels of the degree of polymerization (DP) of PVA, which was necessary for the coloring process by irradiation. Four DP levels of PVA ranging from 500 to 3500 were used to compare the temporal change of net ODs under

We investigated the thermoluminescence (TL) efficiency and the glow curve of Cr-doped alumina (Al2O3) ceramic thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLDs) for heavy charged particles. The TLDs were irradiated with beams of protons, helium, and carbon ions. A 6-MV X-ray was used as the reference radiation for investigating the relative TL efficiency. The relative TL efficiency reaches its peak when the linear

The relative response of an alanine dosimeter to electron beams was evaluated using Co-60 gamma rays as a reference to establish an output dose-evaluation service. Alanine dosimeters were irradiated with 16-MeV electron beams and Co-60 gamma rays. For electron-beam irradiation, to ensure minimum dose gradient in alanine pellets, a thin holder with a different arrangement and material from a holder

The aim of this work was to produce crystals of CaSO4 doped with europium (Eu) and silver (Ag) nanoparticles, by means of three different preparation routes, and to study their applicability in radiation dosimetry by the TL and OSL techniques. The crystals were produced by variations of the slow evaporation route. Samples of CaSO4:Eu,Ag(a) were obtained using europium oxide and silver particles as

The response of the photochromic compound 2,3-dihydro-2-spiro-4’-[8′-aminonaphtalen-1′(4′H)-on]perimidine (PNO-p) dispersed in a polystyrene (PS) and a polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) film to X-ray irradiation was evaluated with the aim to develop an organic dosimeter. The effect of co-doping with the organic phosphor 2-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-5-(4-biphenylyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole (b-PBD) on the sensitivity

We have examined the X-ray-induced luminescence of Sn-doped zinc borate (SZB) glasses prepared by a conventional melt-quenching method in an Ar atmosphere, determining that there is a linear relationship between the thermal properties and SnO, in addition to the elastic properties. The scintillation intensity of SZB glasses increases with tin concentration. Meanwhile, the intensity of thermally stimulated

During the past decade, our understanding of the nature of quantum tunneling processes in luminescence materials has been advanced significantly, by both experimental work and modeling insights into the underlying luminescence mechanism. This paper provides examples of analysis of thermoluminescence (TL) signals in feldspars, based on recent modeling work which showed that the shape of the TL glow

We report the luminescence and scintillation properties of TlSr2Cl5 crystals, which have a large effective atomic number (Zeff = 63.7), for application in X-ray and gamma ray detection. TlSr2Cl5 crystals were prepared under vacuum using the self-seeding solidification method. The scintillation emission bands were observed at 430 and 490 nm, which are close to the emission wavelengths of TlMgCl3 and

Americium-241 isotope is used frequently for investigations of luminescent detectors and materials as a source of alpha particles, but it emits also gamma-rays (59.4 keV), what may have influence on the measured signal. The goal of the present work was to perform systematic investigations of the impact of the emitted photons on the measured TL/OSL response for a wide range of various luminescent materials

In order to overcome some deficiencies of passive radon track detectors such as long-term exposures required, novel polycarbonate track detector/activated-carbon-fabric (PCTD/ACF) multi-function radon badges are introduced for individual and environmental monitoring. Two twin-badge designs are provided; A-Type and B-Type each having one badge with polyethylene (PE) filter allowing 222Rn (3.82 d half-life)

The neutron sensor in an active neutron-sensitive personal dosemeter typically comprises a planar silicon diode topped with a converter layer. Neutrons interact in the converter to produce charged particles that are then detected in the diode. However, in the dosimetrically important energy region of a few keV to a few MeV, the efficiency of such devices is small because of the small cross section

The thermoluminescence of different chip cards was measured and analyzed for emergency dosimetry. Three SIM cards that are commonly found in mobile communication providers in South Korea and three smart IC cards that can be purchased online were used for the experiment. Chemical element analysis based on EDS mapping images was carried out and different weight percent of silica was found for each chip

Infrared-emitting radiophotoluminescence centres were observed in NaMgF3:Dy in the form of stable Dy2+ ions that formed only after exposure to ionising radiation. Prior to irradiation, only Dy3+ luminescence could be seen. During radiation exposure, energetic electrons were captured by Dy3+ to form Dy2+, and the Dy2+ electron trap was approximately 3 eV deep and stable at room temperature. The large

Measurements of entrance doses and extremity doses in mix fields are quite complex, particularly when it comes to neutron radiation. For this reason, films of transparent and flexible polymers loaded with luminescent materials sensitive to photons and neutrons were developed experimentally. However, there is a demand for optimizing the shape and arrangement of the crystals in these films. Using Monte

An increase in ambient dose equivalent rate during precipitation events is a well known phenomenon that is easily identified by dose rate monitoring networks. Despite the invaluable information these monitors usually provide, they cannot identify the radioisotopes involved in these radiological alterations nor quantify their activity concentrations. Commercial systems based on passive gamma spectrometry

Pr doped Lutetium pyrosilicate Lu2Si2O7 (LPS) single crystals were synthesized by the floating zone method with different Pr concentration from 0.1% to 2.0%. After the confirmation of the phase by powder XRD patterns, optical and scintillation properties were investigated. When we observed photoluminescence (PL) emission spectra, emission due to 5d-4f transition of Pr3+ appeared in all the samples

Mineral fillers are widely used in the manufacture of thermoplastics and they are commonly found in the fabrics used to form bags. We show that carbonate mineral filler grains incorporated within faux leather fabrics and the coatings applied to woven nylon fibre fabrics exhibit a bright thermoluminescence TL response to ionising radiation dose, similar to that of calcite, with a broad thermoluminescence

With the aim of finding promising neutron scintillators, different compositions have been synthesized in the glassy phase and subsequently characterized for their performance as the scintillation screen of thermal neutron imaging systems. Three new compositions having Li, B, and Gd as principal constituents, doped with Eu have been synthesized by the melt quenching method and investigated the first

We investigate the characterisation and comparison of micro-scale patterns in silver-activated phosphate glass and lithium fluoride (LiF) single crystal written by a proton beam with an energy range of 1.7–4.5 MeV. A variety of micro-scale structures based on blue and orange luminescent Ag-related colour centres in Ag-activated glass and green and red luminescent F-aggregated colour centres in LiF

The present study explored the influence of the varying concentrations of a proton generator, glucono-δ-lactone (GDL), promoting a cross-linking of the matrix to the dose-response of a PVA-GTA-I radiochromic gel dosimeter. This gel dosimeter was composed of iodide and polyvinyl alcohol crosslinked with glutaraldehyde (GTA) and combined with additives of GDL and fructose. Six sets of gel samples with

The dose distribution is a crucial evaluation to ensure radiation safety once using a Crookes tube in the teaching of science in Japan. In this study, the spatial dose distribution surrounding the Crookes tube was estimated using TLDs. The results showed that the high dose distribution predominated in front of the Crookes tube with a range of 0.23–0.46 mSv/h at a distance of 1 m. From the experimental

For the aim of managing the in-flight cosmic radiation exposure of frequent flyers, we have investigated an application of a recently developed electronic personal dosimeter (D-shuttle) for aviation dosimetry. In four long-haul flights between Japan and Germany, it was confirmed that the D-shuttle values were in the range of 25%–30% of the total H*(10) estimated by a route-dose calculation program