Abstract The onset of thermal convection in an anisotropic horizontal porous layer heated from below and rotating about vertical axis, under local thermal non-equilibrium hypothesis is studied. Linear and nonlinear stability analysis of the conduction solution is performed. Coincidence between the linear instability and the global nonlinear stability thresholds with respect to the L2—norm is proved

Microorganisms in natural porous media can form biofilms that alter the pore structure and medium permeability. This affects fluid flow and solute transport, with bioclogging shaping the efficiency of, for example, bioremediation and hydrocarbon recovery. Here, we investigate the effect of biofilm growth on fluid flow across a wide range of flow and reaction conditions using pore-scale numerical simulations

Carbon-neutral oil production is one way to improve the sustainability of petroleum resources. The emissions from produced hydrocarbons can be offset by injecting capture CO\(_{2}\) from a nearby point source into a saline aquifer for storage or a producing oil reservoir. The latter is referred to as enhanced oil recovery (EOR) and would enhance the economic viability of CO\(_{2}\) sequestration. The

Isotopic ratios of radioactive xenons sampled in the subsurface and atmosphere can be used to detect underground nuclear explosions (UNEs) and civilian nuclear reactors. Disparities in the half-lives of the radioactive decay chains are principally responsible for time-dependent concentrations of xenon isotopes. Contrasting timescales, combined with modern detection capabilities, make the xenon isotopic

One of the most popular models that has been applied to predict the fluid velocity inside the fracture with impermeable walls is the cubic law. It highlights that the mean flux along the fracture is proportional to the cubic of fracture aperture. However, for a fractured porous medium, the normal and tangential interface conditions between the fracture and porous matrix can change the velocity profile

A general analytical solution procedure for the Brinkman–Forchheimer-extended Darcy model has been proposed to obtain local thermal non-equilibrium solutions for the fully developed forced convection in a channel filled with a porous medium subject to constant wall heat flux. This is the first analytical solution procedure which allows the interstitial heat transfer coefficient to vary locally across

The objective of this work is to develop and apply a numerical workflow for the simultaneous determinations of the effective porosity and the dispersion coefficient from core flood taking chemical reactions into account. This approach consists of modeling the species transport at the core scale coupled with the chemical reactions, as involved in alkali flooding core experiments. Then, the one-dimensional

The idea of underground storage of hydrogen exists today in several forms. One of the most promising methods is the option of underground methanation, which consists of injecting H2 and CO2 into an underground porous reservoir (aquifer) and converting them into methane by means of methanogenic bacteria that initiate the methanation reaction. However, due to their activities, the high accumulation of

The experimental study of cooperative fast transport of non-wetting fluid in a disordered nanoporous medium is carried out in this work. New experimental data for simultaneous measurement of fluid flow, filled pore volume and pressure have been obtained. Dependencies of critical pressure and flow on porous particle mass and rapid compression energy have also been established. A new transport mechanism

Drying of porous media is governed by a combination of evaporation and movement of the liquid phase within the porous structure. Contact angle hysteresis induced by surface roughness is shown to influence multi-phase flows, such as contact line motion of droplet, phase distribution during drainage and coffee ring formed after droplet drying in constant contact radius mode. However, the influence of

This work proposes a novel two-dimensional (2D) graded core with anti-tetrachiral cells and evaluates the numerical vibroacoustic response of sandwich panels with these particular cores. First, a homogenization scheme is utilized to model the sandwich structure, followed by a modal analysis of the homogenized model in the frequency range of 0–200 Hz. The results have been compared with those obtained

Abstract Uptake of noble gases into heterogeneous geologic core samples was measured using a piezometric methodology. In addition to measuring accessible porosity—as with gas pycnometry—by monitoring the rate of pressure decay, this method can also be used to estimate the gas effective diffusivity in the sample. In contrast to previous applications of this method, where milligram quantities of fractured

This paper proposes the first computational modeling of a miniaturized version of an electromembrane extraction (EME) setup to a chip format, where the donor solution is delivered by a syringe pump to the sample reservoir. This system can be used for extraction of different analytes e.g., ionic drugs in wastewater. To design, analyze and optimize the entire process of extraction, a deep understanding

This study features a model for double-diffusive convection in a bidisperse porous medium where a vertical magnetic field chemical reaction’s effects are present. Double-diffusive convection is the convective motion of fluid resulting from temperature and salt gradient effects. A bidisperse porous medium is one in which there exist pores known as macropores. Furthermore, the solid skeleton has cracks

Nonlinear free/forced vibrational behavior of a sandwich plate with graphene platelet (GPL) reinforced face sheets has been examined in the present research based on classic plate theory and von-Karman’s nonlinear strains. Honeycomb sandwich panels are often made of aluminum material having low weight but also low stiffness. Here, the application of GPL-reinforced nanocomposites as face sheets of sandwich

The paper represents an analysis of convective instability in a vertical cylindrical porous microchannel performed using the Galerkin method. The dependence of the critical Rayleigh number on the Darcy, Knudsen, and Prandtl numbers, as well as on the ratio of the thermal conductivities of the fluid and the wall, was obtained. It was shown that a decrease in permeability of the porous medium (in other

Modeling flow in vegetative fuel beds is a key component in any detailed physics-based tool for simulating wildland fire dynamics. Current approaches for drag modeling, particularly those employed in multiphase computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models, tend to take a relatively simple form and have been applied to a wide range of fuel structures. The suitability of these approaches has not been rigorously

The Ellis model describes the apparent viscosity of a shear–thinning fluid with no singularity in the limit of a vanishingly small shear stress. In particular, this model matches the Newtonian behaviour when the shear stresses are very small. The emergence of the Rayleigh–Bénard instability is studied when a horizontal pressure gradient, yielding a basic throughflow, is prescribed in a horizontal porous

Abstract The evolution of the surface topography of a calcite crystal subject to dissolution is documented through in situ real-time imaging obtained via atomic force microscopy (AFM). The dissolution process takes place by exposing the crystal surface to deionized water. AFM data allow detection of nucleation and expansion of mono- and multilayer rhombic etch pits and are employed to estimate the

The mass exchange between the surface of a model capillary porous medium and the adjacent gas-side boundary layer is studied in the limiting condition of isothermal, slow drying. In order to quantify the role and significance of liquid films in the mass exchange process, three-dimensional pore network Monte Carlo simulations are carried out systematically in the presence and absence of discrete capillary

A correction to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11242-021-01631-0

Formulation of an effective stress equation for unsaturated soils where all relevant physical characteristics are included has challenged researchers for several decades. On one hand, the interfacial forces and the contractile skin have recently been understood to be of significant contribution to the effective stress, particularly at low degrees of saturation. On the other hand, the microstructural

A correction to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11242-021-01630-1

Estimating flow and transport properties of porous media that undergo deformation as a result of applying an external pressure or force is important to a wide variety of processes, ranging from injecting a fracking liquid into shale formations, to CO\(_2\) sequestration in spent oil reservoirs. We propose a novel model for estimating the effective flow and transport properties of such porous media

In Part I of this series, we presented a new theoretical approach for computing the effective permeability of porous media that are under deformation by a hydrostatic pressure P. Beginning with the initial pore-size distribution (PSD) of a porous medium before deformation and given the Young’s modulus and Poisson’s ratio of its grains, the model used an extension of the Hertz–Mindlin theory of contact

Abstract pH-sensitive hydrogels are classified as soft materials that can be employed for future imaginative applications due to their interesting characteristics. Smart hydrogels undergo large deformation under exterior stimuli. However, the swelling behaviors of hydrogels that can be harnessed for microfluidic applications are not well perceived. In this paper, the functionality of an assortment

Abstract In this paper, we study the dissolution of a porous formation made of soluble and insoluble materials with various types of Darcy-scale heterogeneities. Based on the assumption of scale separations, i.e., the convective and diffusive Damköhler numbers are smaller than certain limits which are documented in the paper, we apply large-scale upscaling to the Darcy-scale model to develop large-scale

A novel surface-flow filter has been designed to take advantage of a combination of both diffusion and lateral flow permeation, since active coatings, even if porous, tend to be far less permeable than through-flow constructs. The formation of a continuous coating layer virtually excludes any fluid transport into the coating other than by planar diffusion for gases or capillarity for liquids. This

We present simulations of two-phase flow using the Rothman and Keller colour gradient Lattice Boltzmann method to study viscous fingering when a “red fluid” invades a porous model initially filled with a “blue” fluid with different viscosity. We conducted eleven suites of 81 numerical experiments totalling 891 simulations, where each suite had a different random realization of the porous model and

The permeability of complex porous materials is of interest to many engineering disciplines. This quantity can be obtained via direct flow simulation, which provides the most accurate results, but is very computationally expensive. In particular, the simulation convergence time scales poorly as the simulation domains become less porous or more heterogeneous. Semi-analytical models that rely on averaged

The nanoscale effects of solid–fluid molecular interactions on the nanoconfined fluid flow have received increasing attention in science and engineering. Additionally, due to the complex microstructures of porous media, the nanoconfined fluid flow behaviors will be more complicated. In this paper, we comprehensively use theoretical analysis and lattice Boltzmann simulations with a new slip curved boundary

This study focuses on direct numerical simulation of imbibition, displacement of the non-wetting phase by the wetting phase, through water-wet carbonate rocks. We simulate multiphase flow in a limestone and compare our results with high-resolution synchrotron X-ray images of displacement previously published in the literature by Singh et al. (Sci Rep 7:5192, 2017). We use the results to interpret the

We examine the temporal evolution of the maximum concentration of a dissolved inert solute in spatially heterogeneous subsurface flows. The maximum concentration of a given substance is at the basis of most of environmental regulatory practices where maximum tolerable levels of concentration are typically prescribed for a variety of known contaminants. Through the use of the Lagrangian framework, we

Wettability is one of the key controlling parameters for multiphase flow in porous media, and paramount for various geoscience applications. While a general awareness of the importance of wettability was established decades ago, our fundamental understanding of how wettability influences transport and of how to characterize wettability has improved tremendously in recent years through breakthroughs

One of the well-known ways to produce porous scaffolds or special three-dimensional (3D) micro-nanostructures is using the 3D printing technique. This technique requires a suitable computerized model of the scaffold using computer-aided design software or the computed tomography. The 3D printer fabricates a product by using a digital file and creates a layer-by-layer physical sample. Integrating different

Abstract Digital rock analysis provides us a powerful tool for predicting geophysical properties and studying fluid and interfacial transport mechanisms in rocks. However, people have to struggle and find a balance between scanning resolution and sample size due to current limitations of imaging technologies. With satisfaction of resolution requirement, the sample size has to be larger than the critical

Realizable CO2 storage potential for saline formations without closed lateral boundaries depends on the combined effects of physical and chemical trapping mechanisms to prevent long-term migration out of the defined storage area. One such mechanism is the topography of the caprock surface, which may retain CO2 in structural pockets along the migration path. Past theoretical and modeling studies suggest

We investigate how diffusion-limited mixing of a layered solute concentration distribution within a porous medium impacts bulk electrical conductivity. To do so, we perform a milli-fluidic tracer test by injecting a fluorescent and electrically conductive tracer in a quasi two-dimensional (2D) water-saturated porous medium. High resolution optical- and geoelectrical monitoring of the tracer is achieved

Fluid–mineral and fluid–rock interfaces are key parameters controlling the reactivity and fate of fluids in reservoir rocks and aquifers. The interface dynamics through space and time results from complex processes involving a tight coupling between chemical reactions and transport of species as well as a strong dependence on the physical, chemical, mineralogical and structural properties of the reacting

Abstract The effective diffusivity is a key parameter in the diffusive transport calculations, thus decisive for predicting the radionuclide migration in low-permeable clay-rich formations. Potential host rocks such as the Opalinus clay exhibit pore network heterogeneities, critically modified due to compositional variability in the sandy facies and owing to diagenetic minerals. Meaningful estimation

We predict waterflood displacement on a pore-by-pore basis using pore network modelling. The pore structure is captured by a high-resolution image. We then use an energy balance applied to images of the displacement to assign an average contact angle, and then modify the local pore-scale contact angles in the model about this mean to match the observed displacement sequence. Two waterflooding experiments

The effective stress coefficient is an essential geomechanical parameter required for estimation of the effective stress acting upon the subsurface reservoir porous rock formations and affecting their petrophysical properties. The values of the effective stress coefficient for various rock properties depend on the complex phenomena involving various types of rock deformation and alteration processes

Abstract Membrane distillation (MD) is a desalination technique that uses a membrane to thermally separate potable water from sea or brackish water. The mass transport processes through the membrane are commonly described by the dusty gas model. These processes are modeled assuming uniform, ideally cylindrical capillaries and are adjusted for the membrane geometry by including porosity and tortuosity

The effect of wettability on waterflooding oil recovery and the associated pore-scale displacement mechanisms are systematically investigated during flow processes in limestone core samples with a broad spectrum of wettability. Using a miniature core-flooding setup integrated with micro-computed tomography (CT) imaging apparatus, we, for the first time, characterize in situ equilibrium wettability

Polymer solution has extremely extensive applications in many natural and industrial processes, especially in oilfield development field, such as polymer flooding, fracturing and water shut-off. Thus, the study of flow behaviors of polymer in formation pores is significantly important. In this paper, the flow behaviors of the polymer droplets in the 3-D pore throat structure were systematically studied

Thermophysical and microstructural behavior of eleven tropical woods widely available and commonly used was investigated. Experimental measurements of thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity of wood were performed using the heat flow meter and transient plane source technique. The results show values in the range of 0.2–0.37 mm2/s for thermal diffusivity and 0.12–0.34 W m−1 K−1 for thermal conductivity

We present a new, fully dynamic pore-network modeling platform that is employed to conduct a systematic pore-scale study of capillary trapping under various two-phase flow conditions in a rough-walled fracture. The model rigorously solves for the fluid pressure fields, incorporates detailed descriptions of pore-scale fluid interface dynamics, and explicitly accounts for flow through wetting layers

In this paper, transient coupled heat and moisture transfer in the cylinders and cylindrical panels of the porous medium are analyzed with three-dimensional finite element methods. Both Dofour and Soret effects are considered in the formulation, and the FEM-based weak forms of the equations are derived using Galerkin method. In the full cylinder cases, both symmetrical and unsymmetrical boundary conditions

Understanding transport and retention mechanisms in porous media is essential in environmental and industrial processes such as subsurface contamination, water filtration and polymer flooding in oil reservoirs. In this article, new averaged equations for colloid transport and retention in porous media are obtained based on the master equation. In addition, new boundary conditions are discussed and

We present a dual network model to simulate coupled single-phase flow and energy transport in porous media including conditions under which local thermal equilibrium cannot be assumed. The models target applications such as the simulation of catalytic reactors, micro-fluidic experiments, or micro-cooling devices. The new technique is based on a recently developed algorithm that extracts both the pore

Abstract The electrical conductivity of porous dielectric materials saturated with water is usually determined by the bulk water conduction. However, the unsaturated state can be affected by a water film covering the unsaturated grain surface. Thus far, a few studies have been conducted on the study of the electrical conductivity with respect to water film covering the grain surface. In this study

To better understand the CO2 sequestration and enhanced shale gas recovery, it is of great significance to study the adsorption characteristics of CO2 and CH4 in different types of shale. In this study, the mineral composition, pore structure and CH4 and CO2 adsorption isothermals of marine and continental shale samples were determined, an adsorption model was proposed to describe the adsorption behaviors

Countercurrent spontaneous imbibition (SI) is an important flow mechanism for oil recovery in fractured reservoirs during waterflooding. SI plays a key role in the mobilization of oil in the matrix because it facilitates water infiltration by capillarity even when the matrix permeability is low, which limits fluid transport by advection. However, the modeling of SI in fractured media under dynamic

Three-phase flow in porous media is encountered in many applications including subsurface carbon dioxide storage, enhanced oil recovery, groundwater remediation and the design of microfluidic devices. However, the pore-scale physics that controls three-phase flow under capillary dominated conditions is still not fully understood. Recent advances in three-dimensional pore-scale imaging have provided

Fluid mechanics simulation of steady state flow in complex geometries has many applications, from the micro-scale (cell membranes, filters, rocks) to macro-scale (groundwater, hydrocarbon reservoirs, and geothermal) and beyond. Direct simulation of steady state flow in such porous media requires significant computational resources to solve within reasonable timeframes. This study outlines an integrated

A more thorough understanding of the properties of bulk material structures in solid–liquid separation processes is essential to understand better and optimize industrially established processes, such as cake filtration, whose process outcome is mainly dependent on the properties of the bulk material structure. Here, changes of bulk properties like porosity and permeability can originate from local

We present numerical simulations of post-Darcy flow in thin porous medium: one consisting of staggered arrangements of circular cylinders and one random distribution of cylinders bounded between walls. The simulations span a range of Reynolds numbers, 40 to 4000, where the pressure drop varies nonlinearly with the average velocity, covering nonlinear laminar flow to the fully turbulent regime. The

CO\(_\text {2}\) injection for enhanced oil recovery (CO\(_\text {2}\)-EOR) or for storage in depleted oil and gas reservoirs can be a means for disposing of anthropogenic CO\(_\text {2}\) emissions to mitigate climate change. Fluid flow and mixing of CO\(_\text {2}\) and hydrocarbons in such systems are governed by the underlying physics and thermodynamics. Gravity effects such as gravity override