In this study, nano-carbonated hydroxyapatite (n-CHAp) was successfully synthesized with abalone shells (Halioitis asinina) as the calcium source using precipitation methods with aging time variations, namely, 0 (without the aging process), 24, and 48 h. Based on an analysis of X-ray diffraction characterization, the spectrum of the n-CHAp is shown for all sample variations in aging time. The results

This study deals with the roles of a magnetic field and circular rotation of a circular cylinder on the dissemination of solid phase within a nanofluid-filled square cavity. Two wavy layers of the non-Darcy porous media are situated on the vertical sides of a cavity. An incompressible smoothed particle hydrodynamics (ISPH) method was endorsed to carry out the blending process concerning solid phase

Through the use of an electric discharge machine, this study performed the electrical spark discharge method in deionised water under normal temperature and pressure for Cu nanocolloid (CuNC) preparation. The CuNCs had a zeta potential of 12.3 mV, indicating poor suspension stability. The suspension stability was effectively increased (zeta potential 32.5 mV) through the addition of polyvinyl alcohol

Hydrogel of single-walled carbon nanotubes and polyaniline has been used for thermopower engineering applications due to desirable thermal, electrical, and mechanical properties as well as tunable degradability. In this article, we fabricated nanoporous composite scaffolds from hydrogel of single-walled carbon nanotubes and polyaniline polymer using a standard in situ polymerization process. Our solution-based

Au nanodots decorated Cu2O nanooctahedrons were fabricated by a facile liquid-phase process combined with a galvanic replacement reaction for nonenzyme glucose detection. A simple rapid test strip based on the nanooctahedrons was proposed to evaluate the possibility of commercial application in nonenzymatic glucose detection. This test strip shows excellent response toward glucose. Linear response

In this work, we report a graphene-alkaline lignin-poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate composite as a transparent conductive electrode for indium tin oxide-free optoelectronic devices. The composite was prepared by dispersing exfoliated graphene-alkaline lignin into aqueous poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate. The effect of graphene concentration on the electrical

Leptospirosis disease was caused by rat urine which contains the genus Leptospira bacteria. In this study, the fabrication of Pd-Fe-doped polyaniline nanocomposite thin films for the determination of the genus Leptospira bacteria thin films has been investigated. Pd-Fe-doped polyaniline nanocomposite thin films were fabricated by sol–gel spin coating method. The electrode sensors were immersed in the

In this article, multiwalled carbon nanotube/natural rubber composites with resistance-strain sensitivity were prepared by solution method, when the electrical percolation threshold of multiwalled carbon nanotube is only ∼3.5 wt%. The mechanical properties and resistance-strain response sensitivity were studied and analyzed systematically. The dispersion of multiwalled carbon nanotubes in the natural

Despite manufacturers’ goal of molding single component products from plastics, the structures of some of the products are far too complex to be molded as a single piece. Therefore, assembly of subcomponents into the final products is important for the manufacturing of many plastic-based products. To date, welding is the most efficient joining method for plastics. In this study, multiwalled carbon

In this work, an attempt is done to apply the Kirchhoff plate theory to find out the vibrational analyses of a nanoplate incorporating surface irregularity effects. The effects of surface irregularity on natural frequency of vibration of nanomaterials, especially for nanoplates, have not been investigated before, and most of the previous research have been carried for regular nanoplates. Therefore

The main objective of this study is to investigate the electrical properties of Sn–3.0Ag–0.5Cu solder joint with the incorporation of carbon nanotube instead of solder bulk. Sn–3.0Ag–0.5Cu solder paste with the incorporation of carbon nanotube up to 0.04 wt% was fabricated by using mechanical mixing method. Fabricated solder pastes were then soldered on printed circuit board via reflow soldering at

The catalytic conversion of palm oil was carried out over four zeolite catalysts—Y, ZSM-5, Y-ZSM-5 hybrid, and Y/ZSM-5 composite—to produce jet biofuel with high amount of alkanes and low amount of aromatic hydrocarbons. The zeolite Y-ZSM-5 hybrid catalyst was synthesized using crystalline zeolite Y as the seed for the growth of zeolite ZSM-5. Synthesized zeolite catalysts were characterized by X-ray

Multi-step chemical vapor deposition (CVD) is a synthesis method which is capable of producing a uniform, large area, and high-quality thin films. In this work, we report the effect of post-annealing on the structural and optical properties of few-layers (FL) MoS2 thin films synthesized by multi-step CVD. Based on atomic force microscopic image, the thickness of the MoS2 thin film is ∼3 nm, which is

Manganese-doped nickel oxide nanosheet array films are successfully prepared on a nickel oxide seed-coated glass substrate by an immersion method. Various annealing temperatures between 300°C and 500°C are applied to the manganese-doped nickel oxide nanosheet array films to study their effect on the properties of nickel oxide, including humidity sensing performance. Field emission scanning electron

This study reports the performances of a single structured light-emitting diode (LED) devices based on polymer material poly(9,9-di-n-hexylfluorenyl-2,7-diyl) (PHF) mixed with various concentrations of perovskite oxide strontium titanate (SrTiO3) particles deposited as a composite PHF: SrTiO3 emitting layer. The performances of the single structured organic LED indium tin oxide (ITO)/PHF/aluminum (Al)

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a nervous disorder, affects physical movement, and leads to difficulty in balancing, walking, and coordination. A novel sensor is mandatory to determine PD and monitor the progress of the treatment. Neurofilament light chain (NfL) has been recognized as a good biomarker for PD and also helps to distinguish between PD and atypical PD syndromes. Immunosensor was generated

Metal colloids in 2-mercaptoethanol using nanoparticles (NPs) of iron (Fe), cobalt (Co), and nickel (Ni) were prepared by chemical liquid deposition method. Transmission electron microscopy, electron diffraction, UV-VIS spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy with electron dispersive X-ray spectroscopy characterized the resulting colloidal dispersions. The NPs exhibited sizes with ranges from

Kretschmann-based surface plasmon resonance sensor utilizing chromium and gold nanofilms is ideal for label-free biomedical sensing. In this work, Taguchi’s L9 orthogonal array method was used to optimize the effects of three control factors and noise factor, which are the incident optical wavelength, chromium and gold nanofilm thicknesses, and their root-mean-square surface roughness, on the performance

A simple technique of seed-mediated growth has been successfully performed to grow anisotropy gold nanoparticles on solid substrates. The growth of the gold nanoparticles has been carried out in the presence of a binary surfactant mixture of hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide with two different molecular weights of a capping agent, namely polyvinylpyrrolidone: 40,000 and 55,000. In this study, the

In this article, we report modeling, simulation, and analysis of shifting 2D photonic crystal cavity side holes in GaN-AlN-sapphire layered structure. The design was simulated with Lumerical finite-difference time-domain. A lattice constant a, 157 nm, and a hole diameter d, 106 nm, were used in the design. The cavities are based on L3, which we demonstrated by simply shifting two holes away from a

Gold nanoparticles have many applications in the biomedical field, mainly for drug delivery, cancer therapy, and detection of pathogenic microorganisms. In this study, gold nanoparticles synthesized using Platycodon grandiflorum (Balloon flower plant) extracts were evaluated for their antibacterial potential. Gold nanoparticles were synthesized at 20–50°C using different volumes of the leaf extract

The textile materials functionalized with nanostructures have proven to be useful for many applications, such as antimicrobial, ultraviolet (UV) light protection, and self-cleaning substrates. The objective of this research is to synthesize and characterize zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) for the applications of UV absorbers and antibacterial activities. ZnO NPs were synthesized at different temperatures

Schwertmannite has been considered as the host mineral and potentially excellent adsorbent of contaminates from waters, and it has various morphologies of spheroid with pincushions, whiskers, hedge-hogs, and needles. In this work, using the (high-resolution transmission and field-emission scanning) electron microscopes, we studied nanostructure, morphological evolution, and difference in chemical composition

Two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides have gained great attention because of their peculiar physical properties that make them interesting for a wide range of applications. Lately, alloying between different transition metal dichalcogenides has been proposed as an approach to control two-dimensional phase stability and to obtain compounds with tailored characteristics. In this theoretical

A covalent functionalization approach was utilized for the preparation of highly dispersed pentaethylene glycol-thermally treated graphene-water as the absorbing material inside a flat-plate solar collector. Four mass fractions of nanofluids were prepared (0.025, 0.05, 0.075, and 0.1 wt% pentaethylene glycol-thermally treated graphene-water). Graphene nanoparticles were characterized by energy dispersive

Perovskite solar cells have been attracted as new representatives for the third-generation photovoltaic devices. Simple strategies for high efficiency with the long-term stability of solar cells are the challenges for commercial solar cell technology. Another challenge of the development toward industrial scale in perovskite solar cells is the production under the ambient and high humidity. In this

Developing low cost and highly active fuel cell is one of the high-priority research directions for fuel cell commercialization, whereas durable electrodes and electrolyte membranes are keys for its optimization. Herein, a novel nanocomposite electrolyte membranes for direct methanol fuel cell were prepared from eco-friendly polymer blend composed of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and iota carrageenan (IC)

Docosahexaenoic acid is a omega-3-fatty acid which together with other long-chain omega-3-fatty acid known to have protective effect against various diseases including hypertension, myocardial infarction, Alzheimer disease, and cancers. Poor bioavailability owning to limited aqueous solubility limits its effective therapeutic delivery. Self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery systems are known to enhance

Single-photon emitters in hexagonal boron nitride have attracted great attention over the last few years due to their excellent optoelectronical properties. Despite the vast range of results reported in the literature, studies on substitutional impurities belonging to the 13th and 15th groups have not been reported yet. Here, through theoretical modeling, we provide direct evidence that hexagonal boron

Pd+ ions (90 keV) were implanted at normal incidence and at room temperature in different highly insulating (>200 GΩ) thermoplastic polymers (poly(methyl methacrylate), polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate glycol-modified, and polycarbonate). At high fluence and optimized process parameters, the ion implantation gives rise to the formation of a nanocomposite thin surface layer constituted by Pd

Two processes of physical liquid phase stripping and chemical redox reduction were used to obtain graphene sheets. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy test methods were used to compare and analyze the structure and disorder of graphene. The obtained graphene was modified with oleic acid and stearic acid. The dispersion stability of graphene as a lubricating oil additive was

In this work, we improved the photocurrent of self-powered ultraviolet photodetector via doping manganese in CsPbCl3 perovskite nanocrystals light harvester. The doped manganese in nanocrystals has the following three features to assist electron transfer from CsPbCl3 nanocrystals to titanium dioxide: (i) the fast exciton-to-manganese energy transfer process benefits for competing electrons with perovskite

In this article, a wideband, polarization-insensitive, and wide-incident-angle stable absorber based on conductive ink frequency selective surface is presented. The presented absorber is compatible with screen printing technology. The design and absorption principle of the proposed absorber is presented, and simulation analysis is conducted. The simulation results show that in the frequency range 6

A comparative analysis of crystallization behavior induced by several mineral fillers in polypropylene nanocomposites was performed. Morphological changes and thermal properties of nanocomposites were evaluated, considering the influence of shape, crystalline morphology, and concentration of mineral particles. For this study, hydrated magnesium silicates with different particle morphologies, such as

We have developed stable chitosan colloids over a wide pH range without cross-linkers or gelling agents. The colloid was prepared using chitosan nanoparticle obtained from pulverization of bulk chitosan powder, followed by surface treatment using small amount of ascorbic acid (AA) and polyglycerol monostearate (PGMS) in water. Chitosan nanoparticles were well dispersed in a diluted AA solution due

Graphene oxide/cement composite was prepared using a graphene oxide aqueous solution. The workability and mechanical properties of graphene oxide/cement composite with different concentrations for graphene oxide and the ratio of water to cement were investigated. The results observed were the fluidity of cement pastes decreased noticeably with the addition of graphene oxide and increased with the increase

Polymerized polypeptide nanomicelles have attracted much attention as novel drug carriers because of their good biocompatibility and degradability. To prepare doxorubicin (DOX)-loaded nanomicelles, an amphiphilic peptide, FFHFFH-KKGRGD (P12), was synthesized by solid-phase synthesis, and the physicochemical and drug-release properties, as well as the cytotoxicity of the nanomicelles, were evaluated

Recently, an increase in the production of intelligent nanomaterials has been reported for the application of solid surface coating. These nanomaterials provide a wide number of functionalities such as anticorrosive, antibacterial, and self-cleaning properties. Hence, titanium dioxide (TiO2) and zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles were synthesized using a green chemistry approach. These nanoparticles were

The main motivation of this work is to deposit two different metals (gold and silver) on titanium oxide nanoparticles surface in a one-step simple and fast physical process by applying a nitrogen plasma as the main source of nitrogen atoms to obtain nanostructured N-TiO2 − X /Au/Ag materials. The obtained nanomaterials were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, diffuse

The nano-ceramic which is mesoporous silica material was applied to test the removal efficiency of gas-phase Hg0 using a fixed-bed reactor. The physical and chemical properties of nano-ceramic were investigated by various techniques such as BET surface area (BET), X-ray diffraction, fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR), and scanning electron microscope (SEM); then, the sample was tested for

Thanks to the ultrahigh flexibility of 2D materials and to their extreme sensitivity to applied strain, there is currently a strong interest in studying and understanding how their electronic properties can be modulated by applying a uniform or nonuniform strain. In this work, using density functional theory (DFT) calculations, we discuss how uniform biaxial strain affects the electronic properties

Textile-based piezoelectric nanogenerator generates electrical energy from human motion. Here a novel type of textile-based piezoelectric nanogenerator is reported which is fabricated using the growth of silver-doped zinc oxide on carton fabric. Along with the optical and structural characterization of silver-doped zinc oxide nanorods, the electrical characterization was also performed for silver-doped

Here, the cobalt ferrite/carbon nanotubes nanocomposites were directly synthesized by a facile hydrothermal method at 200°C using benzyl alcohol as the solvent. The crystal and morphological structures as well as electromagnetic shielding performance at Ku band (12–18 GHz) were thoroughly investigated. Cobalt ferrite nanoparticles with a diameter around 6–10 nm were anchored on the surface of carbon

This present study was carried out to synthesize cobalt-doped and undoped titanium dioxide nanosized particles using sonochemical hydrolysis technique. The microstructure and morphological characteristics of the synthesized samples have been studied using X-ray diffractometer and high-resolution transmission electron microscope, respectively. The obtained results of characterization have confirmed

An analytical expression of diffraction line profiles of spherical hollow nanocrystals (NCs) is derived. The particular features of the profile lines, enhanced peak tail intensity, are analyzed and discussed as a function of the NC size parameters (outer and inner radius, shell thickness). The explicit formula for the integral breadth, the Fourier particle size, and the Scherrer constants are also

The heterogeneous photocatalysis using semiconductor nanocrystals is an important process in the field of water treatment since it is a low cost, environmentally friendly, and zero waste technique. In this work, titanate nanostructures (sheets, tubes, and wires) were prepared by simple hydrothermal method. All samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller

MXenes have been under a lot of scientific investigation due to the novel characteristics that are inherent to two-dimensional nanostructures. There are a multitude of MXenes being studied and one of the most popular among these would be the titanium carbides. The general formula for titanium carbide is Ti n + 1C n for the nanosheets produced that have undergone much study in the past few years. These

Ways to achieve highly efficient electromagnetic absorption over a broad bandwidth and broad angular spectrum have been discussed extensively in the past decades for various applications, such as low reflection devices and energy harvesting. To satisfy the efficiency requirements, metamaterial approaches have been explored in recent years. In this context, most studies have suggested the use of frequency

Silver nanostructures (silver nanopaerticles e.g AgNPs and silver nanoplates e.g AgNPls) of various sizes and shapes were prepared using different reducing agents in ionic liquid media. The ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate, which acts both as a cosolvent and a surfactant, was used to synthesize smaller and more ordered silver nanostructures. Spherical nanoparticles (silver

The present article examines the synthesis and characterization of zinc oxide nanorods grown on zinc oxide and silver nanoparticle seeds. Zinc oxide seeds were electrodeposited on a support of fluorine-doped tin oxide glass and heat-treated at 380°C. Silver nanoparticles were then deposited on this substrate, which was heat-treated at 160°C. Their presence was confirmed using ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy

In spite of advantages of direct methanol fuel cells, low methanol oxidation reaction and fuel crossover from anode to cathode, there remains a challenge that inhibits it from being commercialized. Active electrocatalysts are in high demand to promote the methanol oxidation reaction. The methanol reached at the anode can be immediately reacted, and thus, less methanol to cross to the cathode. The performance

Nitrocellulose/glycidyl azide polymer/2,4,6,8,10,12-hexanitro-2,4,6,8,10,12-hexaazaisowurtzitane nanocomposites, in which 2,4,6,8,10,12-hexanitro-2,4,6,8,10,12-hexaazaisowurtzitane nanoparticles uniformly embedded in nitrocellulose/glycidyl azide polymer matrix, were synthesized using a sol–gel supercritical method. The micron morphology, crystal phase, molecular structure, specific surface area, and

Recently, within the emerging framework of “lab-on-fiber” technologies, we successfully demonstrated the integration of phase-gradient plasmonic metasurfaces on the tip of an optical fiber. The resulting optical-fiber “meta-tips” promise to empower the typical fiber-optics application scenarios (e.g. sensing, telecommunications, imaging, etc.) with the advanced light-manipulation capabilities endowed

Carbon nanotubes are considered to be ideal candidates for improving the mechanical properties of polymer nanocomposite scaffolds due to their higher surface area, mechanical properties of three-dimensional isotropic structure, and physical properties. In this study, we showed the improved mechanical properties prepared by backfilling of preformed hydrogels and aerogels of individually dispersed multiwalled

The design of metamaterials, which are artificial materials that can offer unique electromagnetic properties, is based on the excitation of strong resonant modes. Unfortunately, material absorption—mainly due to their metallic parts—can damp their resonances and hinder their operation. Incorporating a gain material can balance these losses, but this must be performed properly, as a reduced or even

Ethyltriethoxysilane-functionalized graphene oxide/polyimide composite films were synthesized. Eighty percent improvement in Young’s modulus, high thermal stability at 800°C, and 3.46-fold increase in dielectric constants compared to polyimide with a dielectric loss of only 0.035 were exhibited by these composite films.

This work aimed at exploring a new kind of purification catalysts for fuel ethanol engine exhaust. Platinum loaded on Ce0.5Zr0.5O2 was prepared by impregnation method and characterized by X-ray diffraction, Brunner–Emmet–Teller measurements (BET), temperature-programmed reduction of hydrogen, scanning electron microscope, and X-ray photoelectron spectra. The three-way catalyst platinum/ceria–zirconia/fw

A 3-D magnetic graphene ball (MGB) material was prepared using cellulose as the carbon source. Carbon-encapsulated iron nanoparticles (CEINs) were first prepared by hydrothermal carbonization of cellulose powder at 180°C. Then, the prepared CEINs were catalytically graphitized to graphene-encapsulated iron nanoparticles (GEINs) at 900°C. Finally, GEINs were treated in carbon dioxide at 700°C, during

In this article, we report the measurement of underwater aerophobicity, through the captive-bubble method, for different polymeric coatings employed to protect microscale and nanoscale flexible electronic devices for seawater applications. Controlling the morphology and wettability of the coating, in particular with the incorporation of nanoparticles of fluorinated polymers, allows to adjust the h

By using time-dependent density functional theory, we investigate in a fully quantum mechanical framework the interactions, in an ultra-near-field regime, between a localized surface plasmon excitable in a silver tetrahedral cluster and a molecular exciton with excitation energy in the same range. We show that, for metal–molecule distances below 5 Å, the optical response of the system results characterized