Synchronization refers to the adjustment of rhythms of two nonidentical oscillators due to interaction. In this study, we report for the first time on the ability of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to simulate the synchronization of self-sustained acoustic oscillations in two coupled thermoacoustic (TA) oscillators that interfere with each other through acoustic radiation. A bifurcation diagram

A coaxial shaped atmospheric pressure plasma torch has been used to deposit the millimetric scale plasma polymer. A detailed experiment has revealed the appearance of three different kinetic regimes with distinct coating morphology: no deposition, circular dot and circular ring formation. The ratio of precursor carrier gas flow to the plasma species carrier gas flow has been identified as crucial factor

A fluid model without an external circuit is used in simulating self-pulses in hollow cathode discharge under a He-Ar gas at 10 Torr. The average discharge current increases with anode potential, and three types of self-pulsing discharge modes are obtained: (a) regular self-pulse, (b) low amplitude self-pulse, and (c) damped oscillating pulses modes. The temporal and spatial distributions of plasma

When nonflat Al x Ga1−x N quantum wells (QWs) for producing 285 nm light emitting diodes (LEDs) were fabricated on n-AlGaN on AlN templates with dense macrosteps on c(0001) sapphire substrates with a 1.0 miscut relative to the m[1–100] axis, composite electroluminescence (EL) spectra from both inclined and terrace zones in Al x Ga1−x N QWs (x∼ 1/3) were generated owing to compositional and thickness

The efficiency and bandwidth of an optical absorbing material, especially for the promising two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) are critical to underpin advances in photonic and optoelectronic devices. In this work, we present a general method to manipulate the bandwidth of an absorber with high efficiency through coupling with the quasi-bound states in the continuum (quasi-BIC)

The flexoelectric effect can be enhanced at the micro/nanoscale due to its size-dependency, so it is more suitable for energy harvesting than piezoelectric energy harvesters. To enhance the energy harvesting performance, this paper theoretically investigates the energy harvesting characteristics of micro circular plates with variable material properties and with consideration of the flexoelectric effect

Steady-state valley polarization caused by polarized photoexcitation at various excitation energies reveals intravalley scattering from B excitons to A excitons in a monolayer of MoS2. When the excitation energy of circularly polarized light is increased from near the level of excitation of the A exciton, the valley polarization detected in the A exciton decreases monotonously and is completely suppressed

Flexible microwave passive components play an important role in flexible integrated circuits, especially for high-speed wireless communication systems. It is clear that bending can have a significant impact on the flexible components’ performance. However, an analysis of the physical mechanisms of flexible microwave passive components under mechanical bending conditions has not been completed. In this

Recently, ferroelectric polarization coupling has been exploited for non-volatile p- and n-type doping of two-dimensional (2D) materials, which enables the design of 2D functional devices via a local polarization pattern. Here, we took advantage of this tool and study the effect of base width to the gain and photodetection performance of bipolar transistors made of few layer MoS2. We found that the

Metalenses offer a unique platform to focus light by manipulating the properties of an incoming light wavefront. It is still a challenge to create an achromatic polarization-independent metalens, because of the complexity of satisfying the phase profile and group delay at the same time. In this paper, we propose an achromatic and polarization-independent metalens based on four-fold symmetric LiNbO3

We report a design of enhanced directional emission (EDE) based on anisotropic metamaterial (MM). The proposed material consists of a square array of cuboids and is theoretically and numerically shown to yield zero components of the effective density tensor, hence can be designed to realize an EDE. The influences of device shape on the directive beaming are discussed. The desirable EDE with our proposed

Surface charge accumulation subjected to direct current (DC) voltages poses hazardous effects on the surface insulation performance of the involved insulators. It is of great significance to investigate surface charge regulation methods applicable to industrialized spacers. In this study, we propose a graded conductivity coating method, with excellent adhesion strength consisting of TiO2/epoxy composites

The space charge accumulation of cross-linked polyethylene is the primary factor leading to the insulation failure of direct current (DC) cables, and the poor understanding of space charge transport behaviors remains as a bottleneck restricting the development of DC energy transmission technology. In this study, an improved bipolar charge transport model, considering the non-uniform conductivity of

A mechanism of effect of optical excitation on resistive switching of dielectric films with embedded metal nanoparticles (MNPs) has been proposed. The mechanism is related to a charging of the MNPs due to internal photoemission of electrons from the MNPs, which results in an increasing of the electric field strength at the MNP surfaces that, in turn, promotes the rupture and restoring of the conductive

In this work, the electrical and spin properties of monolayer MoSi2 X 4 (X = N, P, As, and Sb) under vertical strain are investigated. The band structures show that MoSi2N4 is an indirect semiconductor, whereas other compounds are direct semiconductors. The vertical strain has been selected to modify the electrical properties. The bandgap shows a maximum and decreases for both tensile and compressive

Two strategies were proposed to optimize the thermoelectric performance of BaMg2(Bi,Sb) through a solid solution method and to tune the crystal field splitting energy of orbital by using first principles calculation and Boltzmann transport theory. The increase in Sb content leads to decreased weight carrier mobility due to the changes in the electronic structure. The lattice thermal conductivity for

Positive streamers can be affected significantly by preceding discharges such as earlier streamers or a corona discharge. In this paper, we primarily discuss the effect of such a corona discharge on subsequent positive streamers with different intervals between them (0/500/990 ms) in air and pure nitrogen at 80 mbar with a repetition frequency of 1 Hz. We found that in air, when the interval time is

Discharge in dielectric liquid is an active field of research involved in many technological applications. Such multiple discharges are often applied during an experiment and that the electrode and liquid are altered by these stochastically behaving discharges. Therefore, it is important to address the variation of discharge characteristics as a function of discharge occurrence. In this study we analyze

Conventional gradient metasurface suffers from low efficiency because of impedance mismatching, especially in large-angle manipulation. Here we propose an asymmetric sandwich-like material element to design bianisotropic metasurface for full-angle high-efficiency anomalous refractive manipulation. The proposed asymmetric element is composed of two different auxiliary layers attached to the core layer

The single-beam miniaturized atomic magnetometer with modulated magnetic field is one of the most capable approaches to biomagnetic measurements. The transmission intensity of the pumping beam is critical to the sensitivity of the magnetometer, which is affected by the density of alkali metal and the polarization of atomic spin. In this study, we investigated into the influence of three variables:

Nowadays there is a growing interest in wearable and biocompatible computing systems that are safe for the human body. Memristive devices are prospective for such tasks owing to a number of their attractive properties, in particular, the multilevel character of resistive switching, or plasticity, which allows them to emulate synapses in hardware neuromorphic networks (NNs). The use of local learning

Histopathology currently acts as a gold standard for human prostate cancer (PCa) diagnosis. However, the subjective nature of histopathology leads to inevitable discordance among pathologists. Specifically, the inter-observer discordance could be up to 40% for the differentiation between Gleason score 6 (low-grade) and 7 (high-grade) of PCa. According to clinical guidelines, patients with high-grade

Assembling colloidal particles under oscillatory electric field (OEF) has become an emerging bottom-up technique to synthesize advanced materials and fabricate micro/nano devices. Surfactants have often been used in colloidal dispersions to improve their stability. However, the precise role of surfactants in particle assembly processes under OEF is unknown. Here, we systematically study the effects

Edge waves have been one of the hot spots of research in electromagnetic fields in recent years. They exist between different interfaces such as impedance interfaces which are capacitive and inductive. Different kinds of edge wave components have been invented, including transmission lines, antennas and splitters. In this work, we design an impedance interface waveguide using metamaterial unit cells

The removal of toluene by sepiolite supported with Fe2O3 by plasma catalysis was studied. Fe2O3/SEP catalysts were prepared by impregnation and characterized by Brunauer–Emmett–Teller, inductively coupled plasma, x-ray diffractometer, scanning electron microscopy, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and H2-TPR. Degradation efficiency of toluene under Fe2O3 loading, energy yield, carbon balance, CO2 selectivity

In this paper, capacitance and conductance characteristics are used to explain reliability issues in metal-oxide-semiconductor capacitors (MOSCAPs) with a silicon-germanium (SiGe) channel. The SiGe channel devices are also comprehensively compared to traditional Si channel devices. After negative bias temperature stress, both exhibit flat-band voltage (V FB) shifts in the negative direction and a rise

A waist-enlarged taper Michelson interferometric trace fluoride-ion sensor based on silver film encapsulated the head face of thin-core fiber (TCF) is proposed and presented. The waist-enlarged taper is spliced between the single-mode fiber and the TCF to realize the optical splitter. The aluminium doped zinc oxide is coated on the outside surface of TCF as the fluoride-ion sensing membrane. Silver

In this work, a light-sensitive photodetector based on ZrO2 nanofibers (NFs) formed onto n-Si derived by the electrospinning technique was reported. According to the I–V measurements in the dark, the ZrO2 NFs/n-Si has an ohmic current conduction mechanism at low voltages and the SCLC conduction mechanism at medium voltages, while the Fowler–Nordheim tunneling conduction model is dominant at high voltages

We investigate a current-induced magnetization reversal process mediated by spin–orbit torque (SOT) in Ta/Pt/(Co/Ni) n Co/Ta multilayers experimentally and by micromagnetic simulation. Experimental results show that the current-induced magnetization reversal in these samples is completed by nucleation and subsequent domain wall (DW) propagation. For samples with a small number (n) of Co/Ni bi-layers

Additive manufacturing (AM) is now recognised as a viable alternative to processes such as casting, forging, and subtractive technologies such as machining. Wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) has emerged as a cost-effective AM approach for component fabrication and a considerable body of literature on the subject has become available over the last 30 years. This review references the published

The formation of point defects in the crystal lattice of organic–inorganic hybrid perovskites is detrimental to the long-term stability of the perovskite-based solar cell. The observed hysteresis in organolead halide perovskite solar cell during the photocurrent measurement is believed to be the consequence of such defect sites. In the present work, we are reporting the formation of reversible and/or

The evaluation of biomolecular etching by non-thermal plasmas is of great significance for surface decontamination but remains a big challenge. In this work, the atmospheric pressure plasma jets etching profiles of over 40 kinds of biological materials were systematically probed by in situ Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The infrared spectra were recorded in real time during the plasma exposure

Using a combination of density functional theory (DFT) and spin-wave theory methods, we investigate the magnetic interactions and spin excitations in semiconducting VI3. Exchange parameters of monolayer, bilayer, and bulk forms are evaluated by mapping the magnetic energies of various spin configurations, calculated using DFT+U, onto the Heisenberg model. The intralayer couplings remain largely unchanged

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the 3rd most common and the 2nd most deadly type of cancer worldwide. Understanding the biochemical and microstructural aspects of carcinogenesis is a critical step towards developing new technologies for accurate CRC detection. To date, optical detection through analyzing tissue chromophore concentrations and scattering parameters has been mostly limited to chromophores

In this paper, a one-dimensional asymmetric layered structure combining general-function photonic crystals and nonlinear plasmas is proposed. The novel structure is theoretically investigated using the conventional transfer matrix method. Using these two special nonlinear materials, the optical nonreciprocity of the bistable absorption caused by forward and backward propagation is comprehensively studied

In this study, the temporal evolution and electrical characteristics of atmospheric pressure cold plasma jet (APPJ) structures with different quartz tube wall thicknesses that used AC power were investigated via experimentation and simulation. The percentage increase of electron density based on the wall thickness was investigated. Based on the optimal electric field intensity distribution and flow

Semiconductor whispering-gallery-mode (WGM) microresonators are promising candidates for creating compact, energy-efficient light sources (microlasers) for various applications owing to their small footprints, high Q factors, planar geometry, in-plane light emission, and high sensitivity to the environment. In this review we present the most recent advances in III–V microdisk/microring lasers. We briefly

TiO2 thin films of various thicknesses have been deposited on silicon at low-temperature by PECVD operating in continuous mode (T < 130 C) and pulsed mode (T < 80 C) using oxygen/titanium isopropoxide low-pressure inductively coupled plasma. The study of the crystallinity and microstructure of the films by atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and x-ray diffraction allowed showing that

Plasmonic modes in metal structures are of great interest for optical applications. While metals such as Au and Ag are highly suitable for such applications at visible wavelengths, their high Drude losses limit their usefulness at mid-infrared wavelengths. Highly n-doped Ge1−y Sn y alloys are interesting possible alternative materials for plasmonic applications in this wavelength range. Here, we investigate

Here, cobalt oxide nanostructures synthesized on vertically aligned copper oxide nanowires (NWs) have been investigated as a possible anode material for Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Copper oxide NWs were formed by thermal oxidation of electrochemically deposited copper on the stainless steel mesh substrate. The process used allows the formation of highly dense copper oxide NWs with excellent adhesion

A reasonable design of flexible pressure sensors is one of the necessary conditions for improving the sensing performance and meeting the demands of various application fields, including intelligent robot, human–machine interface and health monitoring. Herein, the template method is adopted to replicate the unique natural surface microstructure of ginkgo leaf based on the concept of bionics, and a

Unlike single-network hydrogel whose thermodynamic equilibrium of all phases is governed by one single rule, double-network (DN) hydrogel is incorporated of two coexisting phases, which are separated from each other due to the differences in their mechanoresponsive responses. However, the resonance differences and multipartite dynamics of coexisting phases in these DN hydrogels have not been fully

Further clarification of streamer-induced breakdowns in liquid nitrogen has been attracting increasing attention owing to their potential applications in superconducting systems and cryoplasmas. In this work, negative streamers in microsecond discharges were investigated using a high-speed multiple-frame imaging technique. Different external voltages, gap lengths, hydrostatic pressures, and pin tips

The morphology of the active layer is vital for the device performance of organic electronics. However, most research is primarily focused on the active layer prepared from the spin coating method, which is not suitable for large area manufacturing. The inkjet printing technique has been widely studied in the field of organic electronics due to its advantages of scalability, patternability, and affordability

As perovskite solar cell (PSC) technology is about to be commercialized, the use of toxic and organic material is still a problem. At the same time, CsSnI3 has received widespread attention because of its narrow bandgap and non-toxicity. In this study, we use the wxAMPS tool to investigate the limitations of Sn-based all-inorganic PSCs, using CsSnI3 perovskite as the absorption layer and Au as the

The capability of single crystal diamonds to maintain their unique electronic properties even at high temperatures is, in particular, relevant for its applications as a radiation detector. In order to explore characteristics of charge transport at high temperatures (up to 450 ∘C), diamond was exposed to MeV energy ions, both, to induce radiation damage and to probe subsequent influence on detector’s

The direct and converse magnetoelectric (ME) effects in a Langevin-type resonator are observed and investigated for the first time. The resonator comprised a disk made of lead–zirconate titanate ceramic, located between two sapphire cylinders, with layers of amorphous ferromagnet glued to its side surfaces. ME effects were observed at frequencies of bending (∼70 kHz) and longitudinal (∼200 kHz) oscillations

Metal thiophosphates have wide potential critical applications in various fields, such as nonlinear optical materials, magnetic materials, photoluminescence materials and solid electrolytes. However, a detailed review of the relationship among structure, performance and application in thiophosphates has not been reported so far. In this work, we have undertaken integrated generalization for the structural

A 2D two-temperature chemical non-equilibrium model considering both cathode and anode space-charge sheath is applied to investigate the plasma–electrode interaction in a laminar argon DC plasma torch working at atmospheric pressure. In order to validate the model, the predicted arc voltage is compared with experimental values under different working conditions, and a reasonable agreement is obtained

Mixtures of Ar with N2 are relevant for many areas of plasma applications. In particular, modeling of atmospheric pressure plasma jets for biomedical applications requires precise knowledge of fundamental gas parameters such as the Townsend ionization coefficient α. This study determines α in mixtures of Ar with N2 in a dark non-self-sustaining Townsend discharge. The discharge current versus electrode

We propose a meta-waveguide, a component based on metamaterials and waveguides, to customize the phase and absorption of devices. This meta-waveguide integrated quasi-periodic metamaterial resonators with film resistors in the inner wall of the waveguide. The phase and absorption at multiple specified frequency points can be changed regularly by adjusting the resonators and film resistors. We analyzed

Due to the electromechanical coupling effect, composition-graded InGaN nanowires (NWs) have promising potential application in piezotronics. However, as an inhomogeneous system at the nanoscale, the electromechanical response of InGaN NWs can be affected by some small-scale effects, e.g. the flexoelectric effect, which is almost unexplored. In this paper, the piezoelectric and elastic properties of

The non-volatile logic gates that can perform both storage and computing functions are the elementary components for in-memory computing. In this work, we propose a spin–orbit torque based non-volatile reconfigurable logic device. The spatial-dependent spin current generated by a Y-shaped heavy metal layer is utilized to break the symmetry of a perpendicular magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) with Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya

The emerging field of plasma medicine opens new therapeutic opportunities with the use of cold atmospheric plasma as a versatile tool for the treatment of tissues in various medical indications. Yet, the complexity of this very reactive medium combined with a high dependence on its environment and generation parameters make it difficult to predict and optimize such treatment. To this end, a simple

A fresh approach to the design of metamaterials formed from closely spaced helices is developed based on the retrieved values of electric and magnetic coupling coefficients between adjacent helices. A coupling retrieval method has been implemented to obtain numerical and experimental values for both electric- and magnetic-coupling coefficients between helical elements. Couplings between both right-

The transport and magnetic properties as well as the microscopic electronic properties of the Dy-doped topological insulator Bi2Se3 (Bi1.9Dy0.1Se3) are examined in detail. It is demonstrated that Dy doping induces antiferromagnetic (AFM) ordering in Bi2Se3. It is also observed that Dy doping opens a surface band gap of ∼52 meV at 6.5 K. The transition from AFM to ferromagnetic occurs at a lower temperature

A relationship between electric potential distribution on a dielectric surface and electrohydrodynamic (EHD) force generation is experimentally investigated to improve the performance of dielectric-barrier-discharge (DBD) plasma actuators. Direct current (DC) biased repetitive pulses are applied to the DBD plasma actuator, which has two or three electrodes. Although the additional downstream exposed

Spatially resolved, absolute densities of atomic oxygen are measured for several helium-based admixtures in the effluent of the COST Reference Microplasma Jet using two-photon absorption laser induced fluorescence (TALIF). Admixtures investigated include a helium-only admixture, four helium/oxygen admixtures (0.1, 0.5, 0.6, and 1.0 oxygen), and a helium/water admixture (2500 ppm water), chosen to coincide

Doping Ti into WO x is widely used to improve the performance of various WO x -based devices. However, Ti-doped WO x (Ti:WO x ) based memristors have not been investigated in depth, especially regarding their synaptic properties. In this report, Ti:WO x films are deposited by sputtering WTi alloy target in Ar + O2 atmosphere, in which the substrates are not heated, avoiding the precipitation of TiO2

Controlling the carbon vacancy (VC) in silicon carbide (SiC) is one of the major remaining bottleneck in manufacturing of high voltage SiC bipolar devices, because VC provokes recombination levels in the bandgap, offensively reducing the charge carrier lifetime. In literature, prominent VC evolutions have been measured by capacitance spectroscopy employing Schottky diodes, however the trade-offs occurring