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Radiation-induced attenuation (RIA) at a wavelength of $\lambda = 1.55\,\,\mu \text{m}$ as well as the RIA spectra were investigated in optical fibers during and after irradiation at the IVG.1M nuclear reactor (Republic of Kazakhstan). The fibers studied were single mode at $\lambda = 1.55\,\,\mu \text{m}$ , had an undoped silica core and an-F-doped silica cladding [pure-silica fibers (PSFs)], and

The impact of back-gate bias on the total ionizing dose (TID) response of silicon-on-insulator (SOI) nanowire field-effect transistors (NWFETs) is investigated. The voltage shift induced by TID is studied using different NWFET geometries and as function of the bias applied to the back-gate made of the silicon substrate. Modifications induced on static electrical characteristics, that is, drain current

This article presents an experimental study on the sensitivity of a commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) bulk 65-nm static random access memory (SRAM) under 15.6 MeV proton irradiation when powered up at ultralow bias voltage. Tests were run on standby and while reading the memory. Results show obvious evidence indicating that decreasing the bias voltage below 1 V exponentially increases the number of observed

This article presents the development of a cryogenic bandgap reference (BGR) circuit in a standard 0.18- $\mu \text{m}$ CMOS process for high-purity germanium (HPGe) detectors for low-background physics experiments. It provides a temperature-independent reference for mixed-signal circuits such as a ramp generator. A reliable cryogenic model is essential for the circuit design. The parameters of me

This work presents a high-resolution, high-confidence, and high-temperature-stabilization prototype environmental radiation monitoring system (ERMS) with integrated digital filter, peak-finding algorithms, and real-time analyses. Through measuring 137 Cs and 60 Co radiation sources with the same NaI(Tl) detector, the features of the digital multichannel analyzer (DMCA) in our system, including throughput

This article considers the influence of the anode ( $r_{a}$ ) and cathode ( $r_{k}$ ) radius dimensions in the Geiger Muller counter chamber on its characteristics such as efficiency, measurement uncertainty, dead time, slope, plateau length, and aging. The article is of a theoretical and experimental nature. In the theoretical part of the article, the expression for the dependence of the electrical

X-ray detectors currently employed in dosimetry suffer from a number of drawbacks including the inability to conform to curved surfaces and being limited to smaller dimensions due to available crystal sizes. In this study, a hybrid X-ray detector (HXD) has been developed which offers real-time response with added advantages of being highly sensitive over a broad energy range, mechanically flexible

In the field of nuclear medical imaging, nuclear and particle physics electronics, precise time measurement is an important task. In this paper, we focused on a real-time interpolated timing algorithm based on waveform digitization, which can be integrated in a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) device. The basic principle of this algorithm is to calculate the pulse peak and the time point when the

We report a performance comparison of Zr, Bi, Ti, and Ga as metal contacts on solution-grown CsPbBr 3 single-crystal gamma-ray detectors. The same CsPbBr 3 single crystal was repeatedly deposited with different metal contacts for the evaluation of gamma spectral performance to eliminate crystal-to-crystal variation. Leakage current as low as 2–3 nA at −200 V with detector thickness 2–3 mm was consistently

A novel monolithic pixelated sensor and readout chip, the compact linear collider tracker detector (CLICTD) chip, is presented. The CLICTD chip was designed targeting the requirements of the silicon tracker development for the experiment at the compact linear collider (CLIC) and has been fabricated in a modified 180 nm CMOS imaging process with charge collection on a high-resistivity p-type epitaxial

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The Affiliate Plan, established by the IEEE Board of Directors, enables individuals who are not members of the IEEE, but who have an interest in the field of plasma science, to join the IEEE Nuclear and Plasma Sciences Society. Admission as an affiliate requires only membership in a professional society listed below. Affiliates pay a special fee and have all Society privileges except that of holding

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IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science (TNS) is pleased to announce that Prof. Gian-Franco Dalla Betta (S’94–M’98–SM’06) was appointed as Senior Editor receiving papers on Radiation Instrumentation in June 2020. He replaced Prof. Arnold Burger who had served in this position since early 2016. Prof. Burger handled over 1600 original papers and revisions during his tenure, and we are grateful for his service

Photocathodes have a wide range of applications, and different materials can be used depending on the incident photon wavelength. The structure and composition of a crystalline material can strongly affect the electronic properties such as the electron affinity and the work function. Molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) provides much improved control over the composition and synthesis of a photocathode versus

In this article, we studied the total ionization dose (TID) effects on the multilevel-cell (MLC) 3-D NAND flash memory using Co-60 gamma radiation. We found a significant page-to-page bit error variation within a physical memory block of the irradiated memory chip. Our analysis showed that the origin of the bit error variation is the unique vertical layer-dependent TID response of the 3-D NAND. We

On July 25, 2013, the Alphasat satellite was launched, carrying the component technology test-bed (CTTB) to assess the space radiation effects in electronic components. Embedded in each of the three experimental boards of the CTTB, are radiation-sensitive metal-oxide–silicon field-effect transistors (RADFETs) to measure the radiation levels at the Alphasat geostationary orbit (GEO). In this work, values

In 0.53 Ga 0.47 As photodiodes were irradiated by 2.0- and 3.5-MeV protons at low temperature to study the effects of displacement damage. Defect spectroscopy and dark current measurements were performed in situ before room-temperature annealing could occur. It was found that annealing of the dominant mid-gap trap began as low as at 150 K. At room temperature, significant annealing of this trap occurred

The mymargin metal–oxide–semiconductor mymargin (MOS)-controlled thyristor (MCT) has been characterized by MOS gating, high current rise rate, and high blocking capabilities. The anode-short MCT (AS-MCT) is distinguished from the conventional MCT by an anode-short structure, which forms an extracting path for the electron current at the gate ground and develops a normally-OFF characteristic. As a composite

In view of its importance to applications in high-energy physics, nuclear security, and time-of-flight positron emission tomography (TOF-PET), the time resolution of 0.5% benzophenone-quenched EJ-232Q plastic scintillators of various lengths was studied using a fast waveform digitizer and fast photomultiplier tubes (PMTs). The scintillator sizes were 5 mm $\times 5$ mm $\times10$ , 25, 50, 75, or 100

A new silicon-strip readout chip named “SliT” has been developed for the measurement of the muon anomalous magnetic moment and electric dipole moment (EDM) of the muon at Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex (J-PARC). The SliT chip is designed in the Silterra 180-nm CMOS technology with mixed-signal integrated circuits. An analog circuit incorporates a conventional charge-sensitive amplifier,

The evaluation of fissile mass inside radioactive waste drums is essential for radioactive waste management, nuclear safety, and criticality issues. However, passive and active neutron measurements can be strongly impacted by the uncertainty on the neutron source position within the drum and by matrix attenuation effects. Therefore, an imaging panel proposed by Proportional Technologies Inc., composed

The Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) detector at the European Council for Nuclear Research (CERN) Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is undergoing an extensive Phase II upgrade program to prepare for the challenging conditions of the high-luminosity LHC (HL-LHC). In particular, a new timing layer will measure minimum ionizing particles (MIPs) with a time resolution of ~30–40 ps and hermetic coverage up to a pseudorapidity

These instructions give guidelines for preparing papers for this publication. Presents information for authors publishing in this journal.

The Affiliate Plan, established by the IEEE Board of Directors, enables individuals who are not members of the IEEE, but who have an interest in the field of plasma science, to join the IEEE Nuclear and Plasma Sciences Society. Admission as an affiliate requires only membership in a professional society listed here. Affiliates pay a special fee, and have all Society privileges except that of holding

Presents the table of contents for this issue of the publication.

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The IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science Best Paper Award is an annual award recognizing the most significant paper published in the Transactions in a given year. The Award is sponsored by the IEEE Nuclear and Plasma Sciences Society and the winning paper is selected according to its quantifiable usefulness to the community. The authors of the papers published in the Transactions in the third year

In this article, we propose a methodology based on cubature Kalman filtering (CKF) for simultaneous estimation of two important variables of nuclear reactors, viz. the neutron flux and the total core reactivity, from signals of delayed response self-powered neutron detectors (SPNDs). Moreover, by using the linearity of our model, the Rao-Blackwellized CKF (RBCKF) algorithm is developed for our estimation

The 13T static random-access memory (SRAM) cell was designed as a low-voltage single-event upset (SEU)-tolerant device for ultralow power space applications, showing full read and write functionality down to the subthreshold voltage of 300 mV. In order to assess the SEU hardness of the device experimentally, it was tested under heavy-ion beams at the Cyclotron Resource Center, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium

The p-n-p bipolar junction transistors (BJTs) are susceptible to surface recombination in both the emitter-base depletion and neutral base (NB) regions when their passivation oxide layers are damaged by ionization irradiation, leading to an increase of base current. The previous model of excess base current proposed in 2015 omits the damage in the NB and the impact of oxide charges, which results in

Radiation-hardened image sensors have been developed over the last few decades. Most of these studies have examined sensor properties before and after radiation, but few have described images during radiation. We have developed a new type of radiation-hardened pixel and integrated it into a 1.3-Mpixel, 18-bit digital CMOS image sensor. The pixel area incorporates several types of variation, and the

We have developed highly interleaved zigzag-shaped electrodes for collecting charge on the readout plane of various micropattern gaseous detectors (MPGDs), including gas electron multiplier (GEM) and micromega detectors. An optimized zigzag pad (or strip) anode can greatly enhance charge sharing among neighboring pads compared to traditional straight strip or rectangular pad designs and as a result

The circuit structure and the experimental performance of a newly integrated multichannel charge-sensitive preamplifier for silicon or germanium detectors are shown. The circuit has been conceived and optimized for the silicon detector GAL-TRACE, employed for light and heavy ion spectroscopy in nuclear physics experiments. The chip includes four channels optimized for anodic signals and one channel

A high-temperature fast neutron detector has been developed for well logging applications. The developed fast neutron detector is based on a single-crystal diamond grown by chemical vapor deposition. Among many other advantages, diamond detectors are rugged, radiation hard, and stable under high temperatures. The diamond detector was evaluated for monitoring the fast neutron intensity of pulsed neutron

Lu 2 O 3 :Eu 3+ nanowire arrays were synthesized by the sol–gel immersion method using anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) templates. The influence of annealing temperature on the morphology, crystallinity, luminescence, and transmittance of the Lu 2 O 3 :Eu 3+ nanowire arrays in the AAO templates was studied. The results show that the nanowires in the AAO templates are dense and orderly. Their diameters are

While the current Belle II data acquisition (DAQ) system has proven to be reliable in the first collisions delivered since May 2018, an upgrade to increase the bandwidth of the readout system is foreseen to be deployed over the next few years for higher target luminosity SuperKEKB running. Currently, the front-end electronics (FEE) of individual subdetectors are connected to the online event building

Detector readout systems for medium- to large-scale physics experiments, and instruments in some other fields as well, are generally composed of multiple front-end digitizer boards distributed over a certain area. Often, this hardware has to be synchronized to a common reference clock with minimal skew and low jitter. Today’s mainstream solutions to precise clock distribution and deterministic latency

High-energy gamma-ray imaging is an important technique with applications in homeland security and medical imaging. Recent advancements in the cadmium zinc telluride (CdZnTe) OrionUM detector systems have enabled measurement of gamma-ray sources with energies up to 9 MeV. However, Compton imaging of photons above 3 MeV faces several challenges that degrade both spectroscopic and imaging performances

High-resolution neutron imaging is difficult, due to the low-light output of neutron scintillators, and the spread of light within common neutron-sensitive scintillators as well as the spread of intermediate particles occurring during the detection process. To address this issue, we have developed a high-resolution scintillator for neutron imaging by combining enriched 10 B with the well-known CsI:Tl

Large-volume detector-grade Cd 0.9 Zn 0.1 Te (CZT) single crystals were grown using a vertical Bridgman technique. The bulk resistivity of the as-grown crystal was found to be $\sim 5\times 10^{10}\,\,\Omega $ -cm from current–voltage measurements. A $19.0\times 19.0\times5.0$ mm 3 block of the crystal was used to fabricate a detector with $10\times 10$ pixelated anode configuration integrated with

This article outlines the main results of a research and development cooperation between Philips Research Eindhoven; Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University; Ioffe Institute, St. Petersburg; Utrecht University; and Philips Healthcare. It reviews the properties of garnet ceramics in the (Lu,Gd) 3 (Ga,Al) 5 O 12 :Ce system for medical imaging, especially time-of-flight positron emission

One of the major limitations of X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy (XAS) experiment at synchrotron facilities is the performance of the detectors. In order to be able to measure more challenging samples and to cope with the very high photon flux of the current and future (diffraction limited) sources, technological developments of detectors are necessary. This article reports on the construction and characterization

Back-thinned silicon detectors offer a high response over a very broad spectrum for direct detection by providing an efficient optical path into the sensing silicon avoiding front face structures manufactured from metal, polysilicon, nitrides, and oxides that may absorb the incident light before reaching the sensing silicon. We have tested two CCDs with different back-surface shallow p+ implant thicknesses

This work details the generation of synthetic radiation data using large-scale Monte Carlo transport models to evaluate radiation search detection algorithms. Modular 3-D Monte Carlo models spanning multiple city blocks were constructed, loosely based on downtown Knoxville, TN, containing buildings composed of multiple materials (brick, granite, and concrete), sidewalks, a four-lane road, side streets

The isotope selectivity of computed tomography (CT) imaging based on nuclear resonance fluorescence (NRF) transmission method using a quasi-monochromatic laser Compton scattering (LCS) gamma-ray beam in the MeV region was demonstrated at the Ultra Violet Synchrotron Orbital Radiation–III (UVSOR-III) Synchrotron Radiation Facility (Institute of Molecular Science, National Institute of Natural Science)

These instructions give guidelines for preparing papers for this publication. Presents information for authors publishing in this journal.

The Affiliate Plan, established by the IEEE Board of Directors, enables individuals who are not members of the IEEE, but who have an interest in the field of plasma science, to join the IEEE Nuclear and Plasma Sciences Society. Admission as an affiliate requires only membership in a professional society listed here. Affiliates pay a special fee, and have all Society privileges except that of holding

We developed a Gd 2 Si 2 O 7 (GPS) scintillator-based alpha imaging detector and demonstrated its effectiveness by evaluating the actual Pu particle and 222 Rn progeny. The GPS scintillator plate was prepared by a sintering method. The outer dimensions of the GPS scintillator plate were $5\times 5$ cm, and the scintillator layer was approximately $50~\mu \text{m}$ on a 3-mm-thick high-transparency

More and more commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) electronic components are used inside embedded electronic systems for space applications. Unfortunately, for obvious cost reasons, no radiation characterization exists for these devices. We describe a method to characterize the single-event effect (SEE) sensitivity of an electronic system in ambient air without opening devices, with linear energy transfers

The aim of the performed technical attenuation length measurement is to compare light attenuation of a few commercially available plastic scintillator strips and to select the best scintillator type for the total-body Jagiellonian Positron Emission Tomograph (J-PET) construction. Few models of plastic scintillators obtained from different manufacturers were tested. All strips had the same rectangular

Due to high ramping rates on the Booster Ring (BRing), which is the key part of the high-intensity heavy-ion accelerator facility (HIAF) complex at the Institute of Modern Physics (IMP), thin-wall vacuum chambers are required for all magnets to maintain the eddy currents at a tolerable level. A novel thin-wall vacuum chamber supported by ceramic rings was discussed and evaluated for the HIAF at the

Trapezoidal shaping is frequently used in nuclear digital pulse processing to realize high-resolution and high-throughput spectroscopy. However, this algorithm is susceptible to parameter drifts of a front-end detector and a circuit. To examine how parameter drifts influence the performance of trapezoidal shaping, we keep the shaping parameters unchanged while varying the input signals. From shaping

Digital X-ray imaging systems for megaelectronvolt (MeV)-range photon beams are based on a combination of a scintillator screen and either a camera or an amorphous silicon array. To limit dose rate on electronics and enhance imaging device lifetime, the scintillator screen can be mirror-coupled to the camera. Performances of such devices are a compromise between exposure time and spatial resolution

This article explores the phenomenon of dark current random telegraph signal (DC-RTS) noise in commercial off-the-shelf CMOS image sensors. Five sensors were irradiated with high-energy photons to a variety of doses and analyzed with a wavelet-based signal reconstruction algorithm. The algorithm is explained in detail and the radiation effects on individual pixels are discussed. Finally, the production

Radiation sensor interface circuits can be mounted on sensor nodes in wireless sensor networks to detect radiation signals. They respond quickly to operators and command centers, allowing appropriate decisions to be made to mitigate nuclear power plant accidents. For instance, high-level radiation leaked from a reactor building during a nuclear plant accident can degrade the performance of the radiation