The new strategies of introducing lithium ions into nickel‑manganese‑cobalt carbonate resulting in LiNi0.6Mn0.2Co0.2O2 (NMC622) cathode material for Li-ion batteries were described. The proposed novel method is based on the co-precipitation of nickel‑manganese‑cobalt carbonate followed by wet impregnation with solutions of selected lithium salts (hydroxide, acetate or nitrate). The results of detailed

The mobility of Na+ ions in Na3+xSc2(SiO4)x(PO4)3−x (0.1 < x < 0.8) was investigated by temperature-dependent 23Na NMR spectroscopy and relaxometry. These measurements are probing the local motion of the Na+ ions and give information about the average hopping rate of the ions and the activation barriers these ions have to overcome for single jumps. The results are compared with those obtained by impedance

PrBa2Cu3O6+δ (P) and PrBa1.5Sr0.5Cu3O6+δ (PS) layered perovskite-type oxides are synthesized and characterized as oxygen electrodes in IT-SOFCs. The layered structure of P and PS compounds is constituted by the regular alternation along the crystallographic c axis of PrO planes, Cu2+ chains (CN = 4) and Cu3+ pyramidal (CN = 5) layers. Interesting features of the PrBa2Cu3O6+δ structure are the absence

Muon dynamics in phosphosilicate proton conductors P2O5-SiO2 with a composition 30 mol% phosphorus oxide (30P) have been studied as a function of temperature using muon spin relaxation. For materials heat treated at 300 °C the muons implant at sites close to P-OH groups associated with water molecules. While in 1000 °C heat treated samples the muons are trapped at sites involving a bridging oxygen

The surface oxygen exchange coefficient (k*) and the oxide ion diffusivity (D*) in the La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3-δ (LSCF) related perovskite materials with various strontium (Sr) and cobalt (Co) compositions were determined by a combination of isotope exchange (IE) technique and secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS). Results show that the derived values of k* and D* decrease with decreasing Sr and Co

The structural properties of Bi0.75Pr0.25O1.5 have been investigated by powder X-ray and neutron diffraction as a function of temperature up to around 800 °C. A layered rhombohedral structure is confirmed throughout the temperature range studied, with an order-disorder type phase transition (β2 ↔ β1) at ca. 730 °C. This transition is accompanied by partial migration of the oxide ions from the fluorite-like

A series of mixed ionic-electronic conductors (SrBa)1-xPrx(CuTi)0.2Fe0.8O3-δ ((SB)1-xPxCTF, x = 0–1.0, with interval of 0.2) are synthesized. A single cubic perovskite structure is obtained for x = 0–0.8 while secondary phases are observed for x = 1. With increasing Pr content, the electrical conductivity of dense (SB)1-xPxCTF increases significantly while the thermal expansion coefficient decreases

Lithium-rich layered oxide cathode material Li1.2Ni0.13Co0.13Mn0.54O2 has been successfully synthesized via a self-template method followed with sol-gel reaction, microspheres consisting of three-dimensional (3D) nanothorn MnO2 are used as the template and Mn source. The as-prepared sample (denoted as LNCM-T) exhibits well-layered structure and high crystallinity, which is confirmed by XRD and HRTEM

The third-order Ruddlesden-Popper phase Pr4Ni2.7Co0.3O10-δ (PNCO43) was synthesized by a freeze drying process. Phase purity and crystal structure were determined by X-ray diffraction and Rietveld analysis. The electronic conductivity of a bulk sample obtained by a two-step sintering process was measured by the four-point dc van der Pauw method as a function of temperature (50 ≤ T/°C ≤ 800) and oxygen

Nano-crystalline indium oxide and tungsten-doped indium oxide were prepared by hydrothermal route and adopted as ozone sensitive materials at low temperature, comparing their performances with a commercial indium oxide. After hydrothermal synthesis, powders were calcined at 400 °C for 30 min and characterized by laser granulometry, thermal analysis, X-ray diffraction, N2 adsorption, X-ray photoelectron

The study divulges the innovative route to the synthesis of strontium oxide (SrO) nanorods integrated with polyaniline (SrO-PANI) by using physical blending method and utilized for high performance asymmetric supercapacitor. The synthesized nanocomposites (NCs) are initially characterized by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The electrochemical performance of the

PrBaCo2−xCuxO5+δ (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.2, PBCCO) layered perovskite materials were studied as cathode materials for low-temperature solid oxide fuel cells. The electrical conductivity of PBCCO decreased with an increase in Cu content, and PrBaCo1.8Cu0.2O5+δ (PBCCO20) showed the lowest electrical conductivity of 570 S cm−1 at 750 °C. In order to enhance the kinetics of the oxygen reduction reaction on the surface

Sulfide-based solid electrolytes exhibit high ionic conductivities of more than 10−4 S cm−1 at room temperature. However, sulfide electrolytes have a major disadvantage because they are hygroscopic. To reduce costs and develop practical all-solid-state batteries, it is imperative to enhance their chemical stability in air. In this study, Li2O is added to 75Li2S·25P2S5 glasses to improve their chemical

Hydrogen sensors, working at low temperatures while highly sensitive to low hydrogen concentrations, are essential, due to the low autoignition temperature, flammability and high explosibility of hydrogen. In this work, we report hydrogen sensors based on Pt-decorated WO3, which are coated with SiO2 membranes to decrease the working temperature and improve the selectivity and sensitivity. SiO2 is deposited

Sol - gel synthesis method was used to prepare lanthanum doped Bismuth Titanate BLT ceramics. Structural properties of BLT ceramics were studied by X - ray analysis (XRD). Rietveld refinement of the BLT ceramics was carried out. Microstrain, domain size and density of dislocation were calculated by Williamson Hall (WH) plot method. Microstructural properties were studied by scanning electron microscopy

A revisit to defect structure of La0.1Sr0.9Co0.8Fe0.2O3−δ (LSCF1982) by considering its molecular chemical form as La0.1Sr0.9Co0.8Fe0.2Ox+δ, with B-site cations having +2 valence as reference charge, and oxygen interstitials (Oi″) and localized holes as majority ionic and electronic defects, have shown agreement between experimentally measured defect-chemical-properties and those calculated using regular

Lithium-ion conducting sulfide solid electrolytes are promising candidates for all-solid-state lithium ion batteries, which are being developed to meet the increasing demand for high-capacity rechargeable batteries. In this study, a new type of solid electrolyte with a core–shell structure consisting of oxidized-shell surrounding sulfide solid electrolyte (O-SSE) was developed. The influence of the

In this study, plasticized electrospun fibers have been designed and fabricated as an electrolyte for lithium-ion batteries using electrospinning method. Polyethylene oxide (PEO) and lithium perchlorate were used as polymer matrix and lithium salt, respectively. Ethylene carbonate and propylene carbonate were applied to investigate the effects of the plasticizer concentration and various EC:PC ratios

In this study, two methods were used to combine poly (m-phenylene isophthalamide) (PMIA) with polyvinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene (PVDF-HFP). The first [email protected] consisted of coaxial electrospinning and the second PMIA/PVDF-HFP was based on simultaneous electrospinning using two solutions. The morphology, mechanical and thermal properties, ionic conductivity and electrochemical stability

Zn3V2O7(OH)2·2H2O has attracted much attention due to its fascinating properties. However, the reported methods need a long reaction time. Little attention has been paid to the energy consumption cost and time saving in the manufacturing process. This paper develops the microwave approach to synthesize Zn3V2O7(OH)2·2H2O nanosheets with about 25 nm thickness only in 10 min, which greatly saves the energy

O-vacancy formation energies in the bulk and at the low index surfaces of typical cathode materials, including layered LiMO2 (MCo, Ni, Mn) and LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 (NCM-333), spinel LiMn2O4, and Li-rich Li2MnO3 for Li-ion batteries, are studied from density functional theory calculations. The thermodynamic stabilities of the oxygen vacancies in these materials are discussed. Except for the spinel type

LnBaCo2O6-δ (Ln = lanthanide) are prospective materials for oxygen separation membranes. These materials show high rates of oxygen surface exchange and diffusivity, and high electrical conductivity. In this work, the La0.5-xPrxBa0.5CoO3-δ system (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.50) was studied as potential oxygen separation membrane. Samples were synthesized via a combined EDTA-citrate complexing sol-gel process at 1100 °C

The Ni-based cermet Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) anode is prone to poisoning by sulfur-based odourising agents, and naturally occurring sulfur species, present in unprocessed natural gas feeds. Next generation SOFC anodes should be able to withstand exposure to these poisons in the event of a malfunction or breakdown of desulfurisation units. Here, we present results pertaining to the sulfur-tolerance

In oxides which exhibit electronic, protonic and oxide ion conductivity, water incorporation can lead to a kinetic build-up of redox gradients. We use Fe-doped SrTiO3, the defect chemistry of which is very well understood to follow the thus generated electromotive force (EMF) as a function of time. In contrast to previous works we include trapping effects in the kinetic description. The agreement between

The local structural changes in La and Gd in doped ceria were investigated using the XAFS technique. In addition, Ce1-xLnxO2-δ (Ln = La, Gd; LDC) (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.5) was synthesized through a coprecipitation method and the local structures were analyzed based on the XAFS spectra for the first and second neighbor shells of the constituent cations. For these two types of materials, the variation in the coordination

In this work we have studied the effect of network structure on the transport properties of Li2O-P2O5-MoO3 mixed former glasses. We have used Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) and Raman spectroscopy to study the network structure. We have measured ac conductivity and dielectric spectra for a wide range of temperature and frequency. We have observed that the conductivity increases and the activation

The ab initio projector augmented wave method of the density functional theory is applied for studying energy characteristics of oxygen vacancies and migration pathways in Pr1−xYxBaCo2O6−δ. It is found that the negative formation energy leads to initial appearance of oxygen vacancies in PrO planes thus providing the pathway for oxygen migration at small δ's. The increase of oxygen vacancy population

The global research efforts for identification of electrode materials for high energy and high power density rechargeable aqueous/non-aqueous aluminum-ion batteries have gained unprecedented momentum in contemporary times. Herein, we exclusively report the Al3+ ion electrochemistry of Bi2O3 in aqueous electrolyte for the first time. While investigating the electrochemical performance of Bi2O3, we demonstrate

We investigated the structural and electronic descriptors for atmospheric instability of Li-thiophosphates (β-Li3PS4) using density functional theory. Based on thermodynamic and crystallographic considerations, four stable surfaces such as (111), (101), (001), and (100) were identified in β-Li3PS4 using the equilibrium crystal shape according to Gibbs-Wulff theorem. As such, the p-band center of the

Li1.5Al0.5Ge1.5(PO4)3 (LAGP) solid electrolyte films are successfully prepared on silicon substrates by radio frequency magnetron sputtering for the first time. X-ray diffraction, energy dispersive spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy are used to analyze the composition, structure, and morphology of the LAGP films, respectively. The effects of deposition conditions on the ion transport properties

Biomass-derived carbons are attractive and cost-effective anode materials for sodium ion batteries (SIBs), however, they generally suffer from the low capacity and coulombic efficiency. Foreign atom doping has been proved to be an effective approach to tune the chemistry of carbon material and improve their electrochemical performance. In this contribution, nitrogen (N)-doped carbon spheres (NCs) were

BiVO4 nanowire array is fabricated by a hydrothermal method, and the nanowire array and a lithium foil are used as working and counter electrodes, respectively, to assemble a lithium-ion battery. After charging to 4 V, the BiVO4 nanowire array has a strong oxidizing property. The pyrrole can be in-situ polymerized on the surface of the charged BiVO4 nanowire array to form a polypyrrole coating layer

LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 (LNCM811) is a promising cathode material for lithium ion batteries. However, it is difficult to commercialize on a large scale because of its unstable structure and fast capacity attenuation. To solve above problems, in this paper, the Na-doped LNCM811 material (LNCM811-Na) has been synthesized via hydrothermal method and high temperature solid phase method, and then it is coated

Cathode material Li(Ni0.5Co0.25Mn0.25)1-xZrxO2 (x = 0, 0.005, 0.01, 0.02, 0.03) and Li(Ni0.5Co0.25-yMn0.25Aly)0.99Zr0.01O2 (y = 0, 0.01, 0.02, 0.03) were synthesized by coprecipitation method. The structure and electrochemical properties of cathode materials were mainly studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS), charge/discharge test

The effect of co-doping an impurity on the transport parameters and cubic phase stabilization of ZrO2–Sc2O3-based solid solutions has been compared for Y2O3 and Yb2O3 dopants. Solid solution crystals of (ZrO2)1-x-y(Sc2O3)x(Yb2O3)y and (ZrO2)1-x-y(Sc2O3)x(Y2O3)y (x = 0.08–0.10, y = 0.01, 0.02) were grown by directional melt crystallization in a cold crucible. Co-doping of the (ZrO2)1-x(Sc2O3)x crystals

We introduced a new elastic interface layer (EIL), (Li2S)0.75(P2S5)0.25 glass, in all-solid-state batteries (ASSBs) to improve the solid-state interfacial structure, and analyzed its structural evolution in electrochemical charge/discharge cycles. This EIL had a lower bulk modulus, thereby providing good powder processability and high mechanical deformability against volume changes of the electrode

As a new mixed conductor with high property, the preparation of Ba0.5La0.5FeO3-δ with cubic perovskite structure was examined under different values of oxygen partial pressure, P(O2). An almost-single-phase Ba0.5La0.5FeO3-δ with cubic perovskite structure was successfully prepared by sintering at 1200 °C under P(O2) values ranging between 1 and 10−9 atm. The existence of two types of cubic Ba0.5La0

We report AC-impedance studies on a series of high-quality LiMn1−xFexPO4 single crystals with 0 ≤ x ≤ 1. Our results confirm quasi-one-dimensional transport in LiFePO4 with fast Li-diffusion along the b-axis. The conductivities along the crystallographic b-, c- and a-axis differ by a factor of about 10, respectively. Whereas, the activation energy EA of the effective diffusion process is particularly

The effect of the La2NiO4+δ and Pr2NiO4+δ modifying additives on the electrochemical performance of the La2NiO4+δ oxygen electrodes has been investigated. It has been shown that the introduction of the additives reduces the polarization resistance of the electrodes. The lowest value of the polarization resistance has been obtained for the La2NiO4+δ electrodes modified with Pr2NiO4+δ, which was 0.44 Ω cm2