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Direct sampling of femtosecond electric-field waveforms from an optical parametric oscillator APL Photonics (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-14 Hannes Kempf, Andrey Muraviev, Felix Breuning, Peter G. Schunemann, Ron Tenne, Alfred Leitenstorfer, Konstantin Vodopyanov
Detecting the electric-field waveform of an optical pulse from the terahertz to the visible spectral domain provides a complete characterization of the average field waveform and holds great potential for quantum optics, time-domain (including frequency-comb) spectroscopy, high-harmonic generation, and attosecond science, to name a few. The field-resolved measurements can be performed using electro-optic
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Hybrid material integration for active photonic applications APL Photonics (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-14 Chengyu Chen, Yuping Chen, Zhifan Fang, Rui Ge, Jiangwei Wu, Xianfeng Chen
The huge development of micro-/nano-manufacturing techniques on different materials has greatly expanded the possibilities of realizing on-chip multifunctional devices on photonic integrated circuits. In recent years, we have witnessed technological advancements, such as active photonic applications through hybrid integration. In this Perspective, we first summarize the integrated photonic materials
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Unified and vector theory of Raman scattering in gas-filled hollow-core fiber across temporal regimes APL Photonics (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-14 Yi-Hao Chen, Frank Wise
Raman scattering has found renewed interest owing to the development of gas-filled hollow-core fibers, which constitute a unique platform for exploration of novel ultrafast nonlinear phenomena beyond conventional solid-core-fiber and free-space systems. Much progress has been made through models for particular interaction regimes, which are delineated by the relation of the excitation pulse duration
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Recent developments in biomedical applications of metasurface optics APL Photonics (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-12 Cheng Hung Chu, Sunil Vyas, Yuan Luo, Pan-Chyr Yang, Din Ping Tsai
Metasurfaces have attracted considerable attention because of their unique optical capabilities to control the fundamental properties of light, such as amplitude, phase, and polarization. The flat nature of metasurfaces can help reduce the complexities and bulk of conventional optical systems. After a decade of rapid progress, metasurfaces are close to maturity and have found their role in various
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Quantum cascade lasers as broadband sources via strong RF modulation APL Photonics (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-12 A. Cargioli, D. Piciocchi, M. Bertrand, R. Maulini, S. Blaser, T. Gresch, A. Muller, G. Scalari, J. Faist
In this work, we demonstrate that in a regime of strong modulation, by generating pulses of the length of the order of a few cavity lifetimes (hundreds of ps), a broadband quantum cascade laser can be driven to lase on a bandwidth (250 cm−1) limited by the gain. In addition, the amplitude noise of the radiation was shown to be limited by the detector. A laser linewidth study has been performed under
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High-definition direct-print of metallic microdots with optical vortex induced forward transfer APL Photonics (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 Rong Wei, Haruki Kawaguchi, Kaito Sato, Sayaka Kai, Keisaku Yamane, Ryuji Morita, Ken-ichi Yuyama, Satoyuki Kawano, Katsuhiko Miyamoto, Nobuyuki Aoki, Takashige Omatsu
We demonstrate high-definition, direct-printing of micron-scale metallic dots, comprised of close-packed gold nanoparticles, by utilizing the optical vortex laser-induced forward transfer technique. We observe that the spin angular momentum of the optical vortex, associated with circular polarization, assists in the close-packing of the gold nanoparticles within the printed dots. The printed dots exhibit
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Physical-layer key distribution using synchronous complex dynamics of DBR semiconductor lasers APL Photonics (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 Anbang Wang, Yicheng Du, Qingtian Li, Longsheng Wang, Zhiwei Jia, Yuwen Qin, Yuncai Wang
Common-signal-induced synchronization of semiconductor lasers with optical feedback inspired a promising physical-layer key distribution with information-theoretic security and potential in high rate. A significant challenge is the requirement to shorten the synchronization recovery time for increasing the key rate without sacrificing the operation parameter space for security. Here, open-loop synchronization
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Phase-encoding of loosely bound soliton molecules APL Photonics (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 Yang Yang, Wei Lin, Yuankai Guo, Xu Hu, Haijiao Xu, Dongdan Chen, Xiaoming Wei, Zhongmin Yang
Dissipative soliton molecules (DSMs) are of great interest for studying the complexity of nonlinear optical problems as they can map with the matter molecules for making interdisciplinary analogies. In contrast to strongly bound DSMs that have a short time separation between the bound solitons, the complex dynamics and underlying binding mechanism of loosely bound soliton molecules (LBSMs) with orders
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Terahertz radar with all-dielectric leaky-wave antenna APL Photonics (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-08 Harrison Lees, Daniel Headland, Shuichi Murakami, Masayuki Fujita, Withawat Withayachumnankul
Terahertz radars based on leaky-wave antennas are promising for the realization of radar systems with high resolution over short ranges. This type of radar relies on spatial frequency mapping to realize a wide field of view without mechanical actuation or electrical beam steering. Previously, integrated leaky-wave antennas based on metallic wave confinement have been implemented, but the high ohmic
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Fabrication of Sawfish photonic crystal cavities in bulk diamond APL Photonics (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-07 Tommaso Pregnolato, Marco E. Stucki, Julian M. Bopp, Maarten H. v. d. Hoeven, Alok Gokhale, Olaf Krüger, Tim Schröder
Color centers in diamonds are quantum systems with optically active spin-states that show long coherence times and are, therefore, a promising candidate for the development of efficient spin–photon interfaces. However, only a small portion of the emitted photons is generated by the coherent optical transition of the zero-phonon line (ZPL), which limits the overall performance of the system. Embedding
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Few-mode metal-free perovskite optical fiber with second-order optical nonlinearity APL Photonics (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-07 Hei Chit Leo Tsui, Dumitru Sirbu, Naseem Alsaif, Nathan Hill, Graham Tizzard, Pablo Docampo, Noel Healy
Semiconductor core optical fibers are highly desirable for fiber-based photonic and optoelectronic applications as they can combine strong optical nonlinearities, tight light confinement, wide transmission bands, and electronic functionality within a single platform. Perovskites have emerged as particularly exciting materials for semiconductor photonics as they have strong optical nonlinearities and
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Mid-infrared dual-comb spectroscopy with quantum cascade lasers APL Photonics (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-07 Jakob Hayden, Markus Geiser, Michele Gianella, Raphael Horvath, Andreas Hugi, Lukasz Sterczewski, Markus Mangold
Since its invention in 1994, the quantum cascade laser (QCL) has emerged as a versatile light source of wavelength 4–12 µm, covering most of the mid- and long-wavelength infrared spectral ranges. Its application range has widened even further since frequency comb operation and its use as a light source for dual-comb spectroscopy (DCS) was demonstrated. In this tutorial, we introduce the unique properties
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Azimuthally extreme-ultraviolet focal splitter by modified spiral photon sieves APL Photonics (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-06 Yujie Shen, Yuni Zheng, Huaiyu Cui, Dongdi Zhao, Bo An, Saiyao Miao, Junyong Zhang, Yongpeng Zhao
Extreme Ultraviolet (EUV) radiation is a short-wavelength light source that has important applications in many fields, such as optical communication, particle manipulation, and ultrahigh resolution imaging. However, the highly absorptive nature of EUV light makes it challenging to design suitable focusing optics, such as focal splitters, to properly manipulate the energetic light. Here, we propose
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Near- to mid-IR spectral purity transfer with a tunable frequency comb: Methanol frequency metrology over a 1.4 GHz span APL Photonics (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-06 D. B. A. Tran, O. Lopez, M. Manceau, A. Goncharov, M. Abgrall, H. Alvarez-Martinez, R. Le Targat, E. Cantin, P.-E. Pottie, A. Amy-Klein, B. Darquié
We report the upgrade and operation of a frequency-comb-assisted high-resolution mid-infrared molecular spectrometer, allowing us to combine high spectral purity, International System of Units (SI)-traceability, wide tunability, and high sensitivity. An optical frequency comb is used to transfer the spectral purity of a SI-traceable 1.54 μm metrology-grade frequency reference to a 10.3 μm quantum cascade
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Collinear injection-seeded terahertz parametric generator APL Photonics (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-05 Sota Mine, Naoya Yamamoto, Kodo Kawase, Kosuke Murate
In a conventional injection-seeded terahertz (THz) parametric generator (is-TPG), a complicated achromatic optical system controlling the angle of incidence of the seed beam is used to ensure tunability because both the pump and seed beams must satisfy non-collinear phase-matching conditions. In this study, we found that a THz output and tunability similar to those characteristics of a conventional
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Single-frame structured illumination microscopy for fast live-cell imaging APL Photonics (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-04 Hanmeng Wu, Yueming Li, Yile Sun, Lu Yin, Weiyun Sun, Zitong Ye, Xinxun Yang, Hongfei Zhu, Mingwei Tang, Yubing Han, Cuifang Kuang, Xu Liu
Observing subcellular structural dynamics in living cells has become the goal of super-resolution (SR) fluorescence microscopy. Among typical SRM techniques, structured illumination microscopy (SIM) stands out for its fast imaging speed and low photobleaching. However, 2D-SIM requires nine raw images to obtain a SR image, leading to undesirable artifacts in the fast dynamics of live-cell imaging. In
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Polarization-controlled generation of multiple orbital angular momentum modes APL Photonics (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-04 Zhi-Cheng Ren, Zi-Mo Cheng, Li Fan, Ran Sun, Wen-Zheng Zhu, Pei Wan, Bo-Wen Dong, Yan-Chao Lou, Jianping Ding, Xi-Lin Wang, Hui-Tian Wang
By concurrently manipulating the degrees of freedom associated with polarization and orbital angular momentum (OAM), a variety of vector fields can be generated, which exhibit unique characteristics and have found extensive application in both classical and quantum optics. However, the OAM dimensions in these fields have been predominantly confined to two. Different from high-order OAM with a large
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Giant microwave–optical Kerr nonlinearity via Rydberg excitons in cuprous oxide APL Photonics (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Jon D. Pritchett, Liam A. P. Gallagher, Alistair Brewin, Horatio Q. X. Wong, Wolfgang Langbein, Stephen A. Lynch, C. Stuart Adams, Matthew P. A. Jones
Microwave–optical conversion is key to future networks of quantum devices, such as those based on superconducting technology. Conversion at the single quantum level requires strong nonlinearity, high bandwidth, and compatibility with a millikelvin environment. A large nonlinearity is observed in Rydberg atoms, but combining atomic gases with dilution refrigerators is technically challenging. Here,
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Four-wave mixing based spectral Talbot amplifier for programmable purification of optical frequency combs APL Photonics (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Zijian Li, Qijie Xie, Yuanfei Zhang, Honghui Zhang, Chaoran Huang, Chester Shu
Optical frequency combs (OFCs) with programmable free spectral range and high optical carrier-to-noise ratio (CNR) play a crucial role in diverse research fields, including telecommunications, spectroscopy, quantum information, astronomy, sensing, and imaging. Unfortunately, the presence of stochastic noise often results in degraded optical CNR, leading to limited communication performance and measurement
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Dynamic large-array terahertz imaging display based on high-performance 1D/2D tellurium homojunction modulators APL Photonics (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Pujing Zhang, Xue Hao, Qingli Zhou, Guangwei She, Jinyu Chen, Xuteng Zhang, Wanlin Liang, Yuwang Deng, Tingyin Ning, WenSheng Shi, Liangliang Zhang, Cunlin Zhang
Mixed-dimensional van der Waals systems could improve terahertz modulators’ performance by utilizing the advantages of different dimensional materials. However, the reported available mixed-dimensional heterojunctions using two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional materials usually sacrifice the modulation speed to realize a higher modulation depth. Here, we creatively integrate one-dimensional (1D)
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Mode-locked laser with multiple timescales in a microresonator-based nested cavity APL Photonics (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 A. Aadhi, Imtiaz Alamgir, Luigi Di Lauro, Bennet Fischer, Nicolas Perron, Pavel Dmitriev, Celine Mazoukh, Piotr Roztocki, Cristina Rimoldi, Mario Chemnitz, Armaghan Eshaghi, Evgeny A. Viktorov, Anton V. Kovalev, Brent E. Little, Sai T. Chu, David J. Moss, Roberto Morandotti
Mode-locking techniques have played a pivotal role in developing and advancing laser technology. Stable fiber-cavity configurations can generate trains of pulses spanning from MHz to GHz speeds, which are fundamental to various applications in micromachining, spectroscopy, and communications. However, the generation and exploitation of multiple timescales in a single laser cavity configuration remain
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Photonic bandgap microcombs at 1064 nm APL Photonics (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2024-02-27 Grisha Spektor, Jizhao Zang, Atasi Dan, Travis C. Briles, Grant M. Brodnik, Haixin Liu, Jennifer A. Black, David R. Carlson, Scott B. Papp
Microresonator frequency combs and their design versatility have revolutionized research areas from data communication to exoplanet searches. While microcombs in the 1550 nm band are well documented, there is interest in using microcombs in other bands. Here, we demonstrate the formation and spectral control of normal-dispersion dark soliton microcombs at 1064 nm. We generate 200 GHz repetition rate
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Vectorial phase retrieval in super-resolution polarization microscopy APL Photonics (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2024-02-27 R. Gutiérrez-Cuevas, L. A. Alemán-Castañeda, I. Herrera, S. Brasselet, M. A. Alonso
In single-molecule orientation localization microscopy, valuable information about the orientation and longitudinal position of each molecule is often encoded in the shape of the point spread function (PSF). Yet, this shape can be significantly affected by aberrations and other imperfections in the imaging system, leading to an erroneous estimation of the measured parameters. A basic solution is to
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An ultra-stable high-power optical frequency comb APL Photonics (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2024-02-26 Fabian Schmid, Jorge Moreno, Johannes Weitenberg, Peter Russbüldt, Theodor W. Hänsch, Thomas Udem, Akira Ozawa
Optical frequency combs are typically generated in the near-infrared wavelength range, where many mode-locked lasers operate. Nonlinear frequency conversion can then be used to extend optical frequency metrology to other spectral regions, such as the extreme ultraviolet (XUV). High-power frequency combs at the fundamental wavelength can efficiently drive nonlinear frequency conversions. Low phase noise
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Hybrid integrated tunable external cavity laser with sub-10 Hz intrinsic linewidth APL Photonics (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2024-02-16 Yilin Wu, Shuai Shao, Liwei Tang, Sigang Yang, Hongwei Chen, Minghua Chen
In this work, a hybrid integrated tunable external cavity laser (ECL) with a sub-10 Hz intrinsic linewidth is demonstrated. In this hybrid ECL, two Si3N4-based subwavelength hole defect assisted microring resonators, acting as high-Q laser reflectors, are butt-coupled with a chip-scale semiconductor optical amplifier at the two edges, respectively. The experimental results show that the hybrid ECL
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Cluster synchronization in a semiconductor laser APL Photonics (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2024-02-14 Dmitry Kazakov, Nikola Opačak, Florian Pilat, Yongrui Wang, Alexey Belyanin, Benedikt Schwarz, Federico Capasso
Cluster synchronization is a general phenomenon in a network of non-locally coupled oscillators. Here, we show that cluster synchronization occurs in semiconductor lasers, where the beat notes between the pairs of adjacent longitudinal modes of the laser cavity constitute a collection of coupled phase oscillators. Non-local coupling arises from the standing-wave nature of the cavity with finite mirror
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Inverse design and demonstration of on-chip silicon high-order mode pass filter APL Photonics (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2024-02-13 Weifeng Jiang, Siqiang Mao, Jinzhu Hu, Jingli Wang, Hongdan Wan
We propose a concept of a high-order mode (HOM) pass filter based on the inverse-designed mode-routing, which enables an ultra-compact footprint and broad bandwidth. To validate the concept, we experimentally demonstrate two types of HOM pass filters using the direct-binary search topology optimization algorithm. In the first HOM pass filter, the mode-routing region is constructed using an inverse-designed
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Harnessing collective radiative phenomena on a photonic Kagome lattice APL Photonics (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2024-02-11 Ignacio Salinas, Javier Cubillos Cornejo, Alexander Szameit, Pablo Solano, Rodrigo A. Vicencio
Photonic lattices enable experimental exploration of transport and localization phenomena, two of the major goals in physics and technology. In particular, the optical excitation of some lattice sites, which evanescently couple to a lattice array, emulates radiation processes in structured reservoirs, a fundamental subject in quantum optics. Moreover, the simultaneous excitation of two sites simulates
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Stabilized Brillouin laser with sub-Hz fundamental linewidth aided by frequency shifted optical injection locking APL Photonics (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2024-02-05 Mingzhao Chen, Yin Xu, Zhexin Zhang, Xiaojie Luo, Hualong Bao
Stable laser emission with ultra-narrow linewidth plays an important role in making fundamental scientific breakthroughs. Here, we propose and demonstrate a new technique for the generation of an ultra-narrow linewidth and highly stable laser based on stimulated Brillouin scattering in combination with a frequency-shifted optical injection locking mechanism. The laser performance is characterized via
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Attosecond absorption and reflection spectroscopy of solids APL Photonics (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2024-02-05 N. Di Palo, G. Inzani, G. L. Dolso, M. Talarico, S. Bonetti, M. Lucchini
Since their introduction, all-optical spectroscopy techniques based on attosecond radiation have gained the attention of the scientific community because of their energy and time resolution, combined with an easier experimental implementation with respect to other approaches based on charged particle detection. At the present time, almost ten years after the first application to a solid sample, attosecond
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Full-function Pavlov associative learning photonic neural networks based on SOA and DFB-SA APL Photonics (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Dianzhuang Zheng, Shuiying Xiang, Xingxing Guo, Yahui Zhang, Xintao Zeng, Xiaojun Zhu, Yuechun Shi, Xiangfei Chen, Yue Hao
Pavlovian associative learning, a form of classical conditioning, has significantly impacted the development of psychology and neuroscience. However, the realization of a prototypical photonic neural network (PNN) for full-function Pavlov associative learning, encompassing both photonic synapses and photonic neurons, has not been achieved to date. In this study, we propose and experimentally demonstrate
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Snapshot volumetric imaging using rainbow-sheet illumination APL Photonics (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Xuan Zhao, Hang Yuan, Pengfei Zhang, Feng Gao
Traditional lens-based three-dimensional imaging methods struggle with speed, spatial resolution, field of view, and depth of field (DOF). Here, we propose a volumetric imaging method that combines rainbow-sheet illumination, chromatic-aberration-induced DOF extension, and compressive hyperspectral imaging to optically section transparent objects over 200 depth slices in a single snapshot. A proof-of-concept
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High-speed long-wave infrared ultra-thin photodetectors APL Photonics (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2024-01-31 Yinan Wang, Aaron J. Muhowski, Leland Nordin, Sukrith Dev, Monica Allen, Jeffery Allen, Daniel Wasserman
The primary challenge for long-wavelength infrared (λ = 8–13 µm) detection has long been the mitigation of dark current while achieving a high conversion efficiency of optical to electrical signals. Often overlooked is the bandwidth of detector response, despite several existing and expected future long-wave infrared high bandwidth applications. Here, we demonstrate ultra-fast response times in long-wave
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Low-noise microwave generation with an air-gap optical reference cavity APL Photonics (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2024-01-30 Yifan Liu, Dahyeon Lee, Takuma Nakamura, Naijun Jin, Haotian Cheng, Megan L. Kelleher, Charles A. McLemore, Igor Kudelin, William Groman, Scott A. Diddams, Peter T. Rakich, Franklyn Quinlan
We demonstrate a high finesse, microfabricated mirror-based, air-gap cavity with volume less than 1 ml, constructed in an array, that can support low-noise microwave generation through optical frequency division. We use the air-gap cavity in conjunction with a 10 nm bandwidth mode-locked laser to generate low phase noise 10 GHz microwaves, exhibiting a phase noise of −95 and −142 dBc/Hz at 100 Hz and
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Broadband dual-comb hyperspectral imaging and adaptable spectroscopy with programmable frequency combs APL Photonics (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2024-01-29 Fabrizio R. Giorgetta, Jean-Daniel Deschênes, Richard L. Lieber, Ian Coddington, Nathan R. Newbury, Esther Baumann
We explore the advantages of a free-form dual-comb spectroscopy (DCS) platform based on time-programmable frequency combs for real-time, penalty-free apodized scanning. In traditional DCS, the fundamental spectral point spacing, which equals the comb repetition rate, can be excessively fine for many applications. While fine point spacing is not itself problematic, it comes with the penalty of excess
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Photonic neural networks and optics-informed deep learning fundamentals APL Photonics (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2024-01-29 Apostolos Tsakyridis, Miltiadis Moralis-Pegios, George Giamougiannis, Manos Kirtas, Nikolaos Passalis, Anastasios Tefas, Nikos Pleros
The recent explosive compute growth, mainly fueled by the boost of artificial intelligence (AI) and deep neural networks (DNNs), is currently instigating the demand for a novel computing paradigm that can overcome the insurmountable barriers imposed by conventional electronic computing architectures. Photonic neural networks (PNNs) implemented on silicon integration platforms stand out as a promising
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28 THz soliton frequency comb in a continuous-wave pumped fiber Fabry–Pérot resonator APL Photonics (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2024-01-25 T. Bunel, M. Conforti, Z. Ziani, J. Lumeau, A. Moreau, A. Fernandez, O. Llopis, G. Bourcier, A. Mussot
We report the generation of an optical frequency comb featuring a 28 THz bandwidth, sustained by a single 80 fs cavity soliton recirculating in a fiber Fabry–Pérot resonator. This large spectrum is comparable to frequency combs obtained with microresonators operating in the anomalous dispersion regime. Thanks to the compact design and the easy coupling of the resonator, cavity solitons can be generated
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A perspective on optical microcomb distillation: A tool to break power barriers for tiny rainbows APL Photonics (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2024-01-24 Bill Corcoran, Chawaphon Prayoonyong
Optical microcombs are compact photonic-chip-based devices able to produce precise optical frequency combs. However, these combs are often limited in power, which can provide issues for implementation, especially for optical communications. Here, we provide our perspective on the use of a suite of techniques and technologies we call “comb distillation,” to help enable high-power, low-noise microcombs
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Label-free and non-destructive histology of unprocessed biological tissues with ultraviolet single-plane illumination microscopy APL Photonics (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2024-01-24 Yan Zhang, Bingxin Huang, Weixing Dai, Lei Kang, Victor T. C. Tsang, Jiajie Wu, Claudia T. K. Lo, Terence T. W. Wong
Histopathology has remained the gold standard for surgical margin assessment for decades. However, routine pathological examination based on formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues is laborious and time-consuming, failing to guide surgeons intraoperatively. Here, we propose a rapid, label-free, and non-destructive histological imaging method, termed microscopy with ultraviolet single-plane
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Enhancing reflected light filtration of photoelectronic detection system using polarization gating in scattering media APL Photonics (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2024-01-23 Quanyu Ji, Yeshen Chen, Weiliang Xu, Zhibin Zou, Haihua Fan, Zefeng Chen, Li Tao, Xinming Li
Photoelectronic technology has found extensive application due to its non-invasiveness, compact structure, and low cost. However, in semi-transparent media, the detection system based on reflection structure indiscriminately receives reflection light from different depths, resulting in the masking of target signals and a decrease in signal quality. To address this issue, selecting reflected light at
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A short guide to recent developments in laser-based gas phase spectroscopy, applications, and tools APL Photonics (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2024-01-22 V. Shumakova, O. H. Heckl
This article provides an overview of laser-based absorption spectroscopy applications and discusses the parameter space and requirements of laser systems for each of these applications, with a special emphasis on frequency comb systems. We walk the reader through the basics of laser absorption spectroscopy, review common line-broadening mechanisms as fundamental challenges to precision spectroscopy
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Cascaded four-wave mixing in liquid-core optical fibers APL Photonics (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2024-01-22 Saher Junaid, Johannes Hofmann, Mario Chemnitz, Markus Blothe, Frank Setzpfandt, Stefan Nolte, Markus A. Schmidt
Ultrafast nonlinear interactions in optical fibers are commonly employed for generating light with tailored properties, with four-wave mixing (FWM) being a widely used mechanism. Existing systems mainly rely on fibers with solid glass cores, facing limitations due to a lack of tunability and susceptibility to noise. Here, fibers with fluidic cores emerge as a promising alternative for efficient FWM
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Generation of spatial combs digitized by orbital angular momentum APL Photonics (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2024-01-18 Daniel I. Shahar, Havva Begüm Kabagöz, Siddharth Ramachandran
Shaping the transverse spatial domain of light has been experiencing recent growth in attention for its applications in optical tweezing, microscopy, communications, and quantum information sciences. The orbital angular momentum (OAM) of light is a transverse physical property that functions as a viable basis for many of such applications. While fields containing a single OAM mode order have extensively
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Application of quantum-limited optical time transfer to space-based optical clock comparisons and coherent networks APL Photonics (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2024-01-18 Emily D. Caldwell, Laura C. Sinclair, Jean-Daniel Deschenes, Fabrizio Giorgetta, Nathan R. Newbury
With the demonstration of quantum-limited optical time transfer capable of tolerating the losses associated with long ground-to-space links, two future applications of free-space time transfer have emerged: intercontinental clock comparisons for time dissemination and coherence transfer for future distributed sensing in the mm-wave region. In this paper, we estimated the projected performance of these
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Terahertz microcomb oscillator stabilized by molecular rotation APL Photonics (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2024-01-18 James Greenberg, Brendan M. Heffernan, Antoine Rolland
Controlling the coherence between light and matter has enabled the radiation of electromagnetic waves with a spectral purity and stability that defines the Système International (SI) second. Transitions between hyperfine levels in atoms are accessible in the microwave and optical domains, but faithfully transferring such stability to other frequency ranges of interest requires additional components
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Wavelength-scanning pixel-super-resolved lens-free on-chip quantitative phase microscopy with a color image sensor APL Photonics (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2024-01-17 Xuejuan Wu, Jiasong Sun, Yang Chen, Jiahao Wei, Qian Chen, Ting-Chung Poon, Peng Gao, Chao Zuo
We report a wavelength-scanning-based lens-free on-chip microscope using a color CMOS sensor and a matching modified phase retrieval algorithm for pixel super-resolution. Compared to traditional monochrome industrial cameras, color sensors favored by the consumer electronics industry have smaller pixel sizes, higher performance, and lower costs. However, the color filtering array (CFA) introduces inherent
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Generation of entangled photon pairs from a silicon bichromatic photonic crystal cavity APL Photonics (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2024-01-16 Andrea Barone, Marco Clementi, Thanavorn Poempool, Alessandro Marcia, Daniele Bajoni, Marco Liscidini, Dario Gerace, Thomas Fromherz, Matteo Galli
Integrated quantum photonics leverages the on-chip generation of nonclassical states of light to realize key functionalities of quantum devices. Typically, the generation of such nonclassical states relies on whispering gallery mode resonators, such as integrated optical micro-rings, which enhance the efficiency of the underlying spontaneous nonlinear processes. While these kinds of resonators excel
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Topological photonics in three and higher dimensions APL Photonics (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2024-01-11 Ning Han, Xiang Xi, Yan Meng, Hongsheng Chen, Zhen Gao, Yihao Yang
Topological photonics is a rapidly developing field that leverages geometric and topological concepts to engineer and control the characteristics of light. Currently, the research on topological photonics has expanded from traditional one-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) to three-dimensional (3D) and higher-dimensional spaces. However, most reviews on topological photonics focus on 1D and
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A liquid crystal-based multi-bit terahertz reconfigurable intelligent surface APL Photonics (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2024-01-11 Ze Shen, Weili Li, Biaobing Jin, Dixian Zhao
Recently, the growing interest in reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) technology has spurred extensive research on its utilization in the terahertz (THz) regime. The reconfiguration of the THz field empowered by the RIS holds great significance for various practical RIS-aided implementations at THz frequencies. In this study, we present a multi-bit liquid crystal-based RIS that allows for the
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Light management for ever-thinner photovoltaics: A tutorial review APL Photonics (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2024-01-11 Eduardo Camarillo Abad, Hannah J. Joyce, Louise C. Hirst
Ultra-thin solar cells, an order of magnitude thinner than conventional technologies, are an emerging device concept that enables low-cost, flexible, lightweight, and defect-tolerant photovoltaics. However, the advent of ultra-thin technologies is hindered by the fundamental challenge of poor light harvesting in thinnest absorber layers, which entails prohibitive photocurrent and efficiency penalties
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Fabrication of gallium nitride waveguide resonators by high-power impulse magnetron sputtering at room temperature APL Photonics (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2024-01-10 Shih-Hsin Wu, Zhi-Guang Chen, Hung-Sheng Liu, Sheng-Hui Chen, Pei-Hsun Wang
In this work, we demonstrate gallium nitride (GaN) waveguide resonators by sputtering amorphous GaN films on the silicon-based substrate. With the aid of high-power impulse magnetron sputtering (HiPIMS), high-quality, high-deposition-rate, and high-flatness GaN films can be deposited directly onto the silicon substrate with a 4 μm buried oxide layer at room temperature. Waveguide resonators with a
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On-demand reversible switching of the emission mode of individual semiconductor quantum emitters using plasmonic metasurfaces APL Photonics (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2024-01-10 Adam Olejniczak, Zuzanna Lawera, Mario Zapata-Herrera, Andrey Chuvilin, Pavel Samokhvalov, Igor Nabiev, Marek Grzelczak, Yury Rakovich, Victor Krivenkov
The field of quantum technology has been rapidly expanding in the past decades, yielding numerous applications, such as quantum information, quantum communication, and quantum cybersecurity. At the core of these applications lies the quantum emitter (QE), a precisely controllable generator of either single photons or photon pairs. Semiconductor QEs, such as perovskite nanocrystals and semiconductor
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Rapid fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy via few-photon imaging APL Photonics (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2024-01-10 Ming-Jie Sun, Yi-Cheng Zhang, Fang-Rui Lin, Shuai Wang, Li-Wei Liu, Jun-Le Qu
Conventional fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) based on time-correlated single photon counting has great potential in various domains, notably in cellular biology, enabling comprehensive studies encompassing spatiotemporal dynamics and quantitative analysis of fluorescence lifetimes. However, it usually requires a long acquisition time, which limits its application in rapid imaging scenarios
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Field theory description of the non-perturbative optical nonlinearity of epsilon-near-zero media APL Photonics (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2024-01-09 Yaraslau Tamashevich, Tornike Shubitidze, Luca Dal Negro, Marco Ornigotti
In this paper, we introduce a fully non-perturbative approach for the description of the optical nonlinearity of epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) media. In particular, based on the rigorous Feynman path integral method, we develop a dressed Lagrangian field theory for light–matter interactions and discuss its application to dispersive Kerr-like media with order-of-unity light-induced refractive index variations
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Optical and geometric parameter extraction across 300-mm photonic integrated circuit wafers APL Photonics (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2024-01-09 Jordan N. Butt, Nathan F. Tyndall, Marcel W. Pruessner, Kyle J. Walsh, Benjamin L. Miller, Nicholas M. Fahrenkopf, Alin O. Antohe, Todd H. Stievater
The precise quantification of a dielectric waveguide core thickness, core width, core refractive index, and cladding refractive index across a wafer is critical for greater consistency and accuracy in photonic circuit fabrication. However, accurate wafer-scale measurements of these parameters have not yet been demonstrated. We have previously described a method for extracting these four parameters
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Advancements in nanoscale coherent emitters: The development of substrate-free surface plasmon nanolasers APL Photonics (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2024-01-04 Wing-Sing Cheung, I-Tsung Huang, Zong Yu Wu, Po-Yu Chang, Hsu-Cheng Hsu, Yu-Pin Lan, Yu-Hsun Chou
The surface plasmon effect can be used to confine electromagnetic fields to a small footprint measuring tens of nanometers. The resultant resonant cavities function as optimal coherent light sources with subwavelength scale configurations. The plasmonic laser sources based on nanoshell structures, in particular, have demonstrated the potential for use in the detection of subcellular mesoscopic molecular
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Present and future of micro-transfer printing for heterogeneous photonic integrated circuits APL Photonics (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2024-01-03 Gunther Roelkens, Jing Zhang, Laurens Bogaert, Emadreza Soltanian, Maximilien Billet, Ali Uzun, Biwei Pan, Yang Liu, Evangelia Delli, Dongbo Wang, Valeria Bonito Oliva, Lam Thi Ngoc Tran, Xin Guo, He Li, Senbiao Qin, Konstantinos Akritidis, Ye Chen, Yu Xue, Margot Niels, Dennis Maes, Max Kiewiet, Tom Reep, Tom Vanackere, Tom Vandekerckhove, Isaac Luntadila Lufungula, Jasper De Witte, Luis Reis, Stijn
We present the current state of the art in micro-transfer printing for heterogeneously integrated silicon photonic integrated circuits. The versatility of the technology is highlighted, as is the way ahead to make this technology a key enabler for next-generation photonic systems-on-chip.
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Boron tin oxide for filterless intrinsic-narrowband solar-blind ultraviolet detectors with tunable photoresponse peak from 231 to 275 nm APL Photonics (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2024-01-03 Cunhua Xu, Chaofan Zhang, Lemin Jia, Zhao Wang, Junfang He, Wei Zheng
Solar-blind ultraviolet (SBUV) detection has a great prospect in a wide range of applications, in which the synthesis of semiconductor materials with a suitable bandgap can be an important research focus. In this work, BSnO films with good selectivity for SBUV were grown by magnetron sputtering with the bandgap adjusted from 4.1 to 5.3 eV. Based on the BSnO films, filter-less narrowband SBUV detectors
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Silicon nitride electric-field poled microresonator modulator APL Photonics (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2024-01-03 Boris Zabelich, Christian Lafforgue, Edgars Nitiss, Anton Stroganov, Camille-Sophie Brès
Stoichiometric silicon nitride is a highly regarded platform for its favorable attributes, such as low propagation loss and compatibility with complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor technology, making it a prominent choice for various linear and nonlinear applications on a chip. However, due to its amorphous structure, silicon nitride lacks second-order nonlinearity; hence, the platform misses the
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Phase change plasmonic metasurface for dynamic thermal emission modulation APL Photonics (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2024-01-02 Zexiao Wang, Lin Jing, Xiu Liu, Xiao Luo, Hyeong Seok Yun, Zhuo Li, Sheng Shen
Plasmonic metasurfaces with adjustable optical responses can be achieved through phase change materials (PCMs) with high optical contrast. However, the on–off behavior of the phase change process results in the binary response of photonic devices, limiting the applications to the two-stage modulation. In this work, we propose a reconfigurable metasurface emitter based on a gold nanorod array on a VO2