In this article, a (3+1)-dimensional variable coefficients coupled nonlinear Schro¨-dinger equation is analysed with the unified method, the improved F-expansion method with Riccati equation and the modified Kudryashov method. The polynomial solutions are investigated and classified into three categories including complex solitary wave solutions, complex soliton wave solutions and complex elliptic

In the literature there exist two models for topological insulator (TI). Model I assumes TI as a nonreciprocal biisotropic material whereas model II accommodates conducting states in the boundary condition. In this paper using an existing mathematical formulation accommodating both models, Fresnel equations and Goos Hänchen shift at the interface of NID dielectric-TI are investigated. Furthermore,

We investigate the enhanced terahertz (THz) field generation via transverse wakefield by a super-Gaussian laser pulse in a magnetized plasma. Due to the “hat-on-top” intensity profile, the super-Gaussian laser pulse may be better for excitation of nonlinearities in plasmas. We utilize the special properties of the super-Gaussian laser pulse to generate THz current in a magnetized plasma. The transverse

In this paper, a compact, high extinction ratio, and low power consumption plasmonic modulator is designed by active materials of Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) and graphene. The proposed modulator consists of a Graphene/HfO2/ITO/HfO2/Graphene stack embedded in a silicon waveguide. Due to the simultaneous use of the Epsilon-Near-Zero property for both ITO and graphene, the maximum optical mode attenuation

Fourier single-pixel imaging (FSI) usually achieves an enhanced imaging speed via undersampling; however, many details are lost in the reconstructed image obtained by frequency truncation due to the lack of the high-frequency part, and the image contains ringing artefacts due to the lack of an expression ability, thus reducing the image quality. To improve the quality of real-time imaging, a fast image

We study quadruple-mode (quadrupole) solitons in nonlocal media with different degrees of nonlocality. The existence and stability of such quadrupole solitons is addressed systematically. The solution of quadrupole solitons is obtained analytically with variational approach. The propagation dynamics of quadrupole solitons is found numerically with the split-step method. The repulsion between the out-of-phase

In this work, we try to minimize the mathematical complexity in analyzing outage and error performance by emulating multi-hop terrestrial FSO communication system as a single dual-hop scheme. More specifically, we approximate the topology of such a system and we estimate analytically its performance, by taking into account various modulation formats for strong and saturated atmospheric turbulence conditions

In this research, the superposition of shifted Laguerre-Gaussian (LG) beams and their intensity distribution are studied in cylindrical coordinates. By complex transverse shifting of conventional LG beams, the symmetry of intensity structure is lost and deformed to the crescent. Increasing the amount of beam pure imaginary shift causes the beam is focused on a smaller crescent. The obtained results

Under investigation in this paper is a generalized Hirota-Maxwell-Bloch System, which describes the propagation of optical solitons in the erbium-doped medium. With symbolic computation, the generalized N-fold Darboux transformation (GDT) will be constructed. As the application of the GDT, some types of higher-order rogue waves will be presented accurately by choosing different parameters and dynamic

In order to study the stability of corner cube prism solid-state laser under the effect of thermal lens, the resonant equivalence cavity, resonant G-parameter and auxiliary parameter theories were used to model the corner cube prism solid-state lasers containing a thermal lens. The laser stability with resonant cavity length was analyzed. In a stable condition, the beam radius was analyzed with regards

To solve the instability problem caused by external uncertain friction, interference, and load changes in the sliding mode control system of an n-link manipulator, this paper proposes a novel adaptive fuzzy random vector function link (FRVFL)-inherited sliding mode control scheme for tracking the position of robot manipulators. The random vector function link (RVFL) network is fuzzified to improve

Thin amorphous films of Cux(Ge3Se7)100-x (0 ≤ x ≤ 12 at. %) were prepared on glass substrates by the thermal evaporation method. The dc electrical resistivity (ρdc) and current-voltage (I–V) characteristics were measured within the temperature range from 190 to 420 K for the prepared films. For x ≤ 6 at. %, the electrical conductivity (σdc) shows three temperature regimes arise from three different

In order to use linear filtering algorithm, many linear Kalman filter models are based on linear hypothesis and assumption of small quantities. In order to improve the robustness of the Kalman filter algorithm in the initial alignment, the influence of the feedback coefficient on the initial alignment based on the state feedback Kalman filter algorithm is analyzed and the recommended values of feedback

Destriping is one of typical problems in remote sensing image processing which is crucial in subsequent applications. The orientation of the stripe in remote sensing image plays a key role in the destriping methods. However, the direction of the oblique stripe noises is uncertain which makes the destriping methods for vertical/horizontal stripes no longer applicable for the oblique ones. To address

In an attempt to explore a new category of nanostructured films for various optoelectronic field applications, a novel structure of 2-cyano-N-(9,10-dioxo-9,10-dihydroanthracen-2-yl)-2-(2-phenylhydrazono)acetamide (CDAPA) was prepared to start with 2-aminoanthraquinone (1) and the appropriate chemical reagents. Thus, 2-aminoanthraquinone (1, 2- AAQ) condensed with 3-(2, 4-dimethyl-1H-pyrrol-1-yl)-3-oxopropanenitrile

This work based on a new numerical scheme for the numerical solutions of the Chen–Lee–Liu equation using Haar wavelet collocation method. In this work, we combined the backward Euler difference (BED) formula with the Haar wavelet collocation method (HWCM). The BED formula approximates the time derivative of the Chen–Lee–Liu equation, while the HWCM approximates the space derivatives of the Chen–Lee–Liu

In this paper, an image steganography method is proposed to overcome the limitations associated with the most existing image steganography methods based on either spatial domain or transform domain. Although these methods try to increase the embedding capacity, the produced quality of the stego-images is still low and the embedding capacity is still limited by the size of cover image. To address this

In this article a microstrip line fed circular fractal curve loaded circular shaped patch antenna is presented for Super Wide Band (SWB) operation in THz frequency domain. Impedance matching over the entire operating frequency band is obtained by etching a circular shaped slot from the radiating patch and using a circular shaped partial ground plane. The fractal structure is suitably embedded with

The second order nonlinear optical material and the single crystal of 2,5-Dimethyl-N-(3-phenylprop-2-en-1-ylidene) aniline (2,5 DPPA) which is organic in character was well synthesised by the standard slow evaporation method. The crystalline structure of 2,5 DPPA studied by single crystal XRD analysis confirmed that the material belongs to the orthorhombic crystal system with non-centrosymmetric space

We study a nonautonomous (2+1)-dimensional coupled partially nonlocal nonlinear Schrödinger equation under a linear and parabolic potential, and find a mapping expression between nonautonomous and autonomous equations. Via this mapping equation with the Darboux method, we find diversified exact solutions, such as scalar and vector crossed breather-pair. By changing values of phase chirp and diffraction

A Monte Carlo (MC) model was used to simulate ceramic grain growth during laser ablation. The simulation was performed to elucidate the effects of temperature distribution on grain growth. The influence of temperature distribution on the grain growth exponent was also indicated. According to the grain growth mechanism, the grain growth process of Al2O3 ceramics with different laser powers (170 W, 210 W

Gadolinium doped calcium magnesium silicate phosphor was prepared with varying amounts of gadolinium in the host lattice from 0.005 mol to 0.09 mol. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images were recorded to understand the structure and texture of the prepared phosphors. The phosphor’s luminescent properties were characterized by recording their excitation and emission

Here, we report about the synthesis, photoluminescence and optoelectronic characteristics of Ga1-xTbxP QDs developed using 2,7-tetrakis(-N,N-di-p-methoxyphenyl-amine)9-spirobifluorene assisted hydrothermal approach for lasing and optical gain devices. The developed Ga1-xTbxP QDs disclosed cubic crystalline structural phases and the particle size increased from 3 nm to 9.4 nm. The optical bandgap changed

Retro-reflection based projection 3D display with low crosstalk is proposed. The 3D display consists of a retro-reflective sheet, an image projector array, a vertical scattering layer, and two optical noise sources projectors. The image projector array is used to provide parallax images. The retro-reflective sheet is used to reflect parallax images to different horizontal viewpoints to form 3D images

The organic nanostructures with custom-made properties became increasingly demanding for sundry biological applications. In this insight, some cinnamon nanocrystallites (Cin-NCs) were produced via the pulse laser ablation in liquid (PLAL) approach in different growth solvents (ethanol, methanol and deionized water) at various laser fluences (0–3.2 J.cm−2). These as-prepared Cin-NCs were characterized

The synthesis of Ni2+ ion doped ZnS nanoparticles is processed via microwave assisted solvothermal method and its structure, morphology and optical properties are explored for various applications. The as synthesized samples were characterized via XRD, SEM, EDX, HRTEM, FTIR, PL and UV Visible Spectroscopy. The structural analysis of pure and Ni2+ ion doped ZnS nanoparticles confirms the cubic structure

In this paper, experimental J-V and external quantum efficiency (EQE) have been validated by the simulation model to show the improvement of the perovskite (PSK) solar cell (PSC) efficiency. The effect of interface properties at the electron transport layer (ETL) /PSK and PSK/hole transport layer (HTL) were examined with Solar Cell Capacitance Simulator (SCAPS). The interfaces between ETL/PSK/HTL were

The traditional truss structure adopts a fixed form, which is the main reason for the over-height of the vehicle telescope. In order to achieve larger vehicle-mobile telescopes and solve the over-height problem, the new truss mechanism based on robotics is proposed in this paper. Based on the new structure, the posture and dimension parameters need to be determined. Stiffness has great effects on accuracy

Here we synthesized the Co3O4 and Co(OH)2 nanocrystals using Chemical Bath Deposition technique. We discuss the Fluorescence dependence with the trap density and surface recombination velocity to the light of the Maxwell-Boltzmann theoretical results obtained through the characterization by techniques: X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Absorbance, Raman spectroscopy, and Fluorescence. The XRD show hexagonal

In this paper, we propose a round robin differential quadrature phase shift quantum key distribution by using one decoy state and odd coherent states (RRDQPS-QKD-OCS). By comparing existing RRDPS-QKD and RRDQPS-QKD, our proposed protocol, RRDQPS-QKD-OCS, has an outstanding performance, where not only the key generation rate is much larger but also the maximum transmission distance is much longer. Additionally

A platy isolator for plane waves at microwave frequencies is proposed and investigated theoretically. The isolator is a layered structure which consists of a dielectric layer sandwiched by two yttrium-iron-garnet (YIG) layers with opposite remanences. In this isolator structure, there exists a nonreciprocal transverse resonance within the band gap of the YIG materials. The guiding mode related to the

Aiming at the problems of the existing robot vision SLAM(Simultaneous Localization and Mapping), such as the small number of feature point extraction and the easy loss of keyframes, which leads to the problem of trajectory deviation, many existing visual SLAM methods based on keyframes only propose a holistic system solution in the scheme, no detailed research is carried out on the feature extraction

The dynamics of the modulation rogue waves in an inhomogeneous nonlinear optical fiber with the periodic modulation are studied. We find that for different modulation amplitudes and modulation frequencies, the modulation rogue wave solution can be Peregrine comb, rogue wave, or the transition state in between, respectively. In particular, the phase diagram of the three kinds of nonlinear states is

In recent years, mid-infrared window is steadily growing popularity due to the development of mid-infrared technology. Mid-infrared antireflection coating with UV-visible-shortwave near infrared cut-off is critical important in the infrared detector, which can improve quality of signal in mid-infrared and avoid noise introduced by non-working wavelength band. Based on electron beam evaporation technique

In recent years, the data traffic has grown exponentially and the forecasts indicate a huge market that could be addressed by optoelectronics. However, the processing capacity, space, and energy consumption of the available technology is a serious bottleneck for the exploitation of these markets. Graphene material is a new candidate using in optoelectronics’ devices such as photodetector. The responsivity

With the recent advancement in high-frequency microwave devices and applications, graphene-based antennas are showing real potential due to the unique properties of graphene material and its ability to operate at terahertz communication band (0.1 THz-10 THz). Herein, a very high-gain and ultrawide-band graphene-based patch antenna is proposed with the application of photonic crystal and dielectric

TM modes in a slab waveguide with a graphene-dielectric multilayer structure as the core and different ordinary materials as the cover and the substrate are investigated. The group velocity of TM modes can be positive, negative, and zero. The standstill of electromagnetic waves at different key waveguide thickness, which depend on the gate voltage, is successfully realized. The gate voltages or mode

Aiming at simplifying the parameter calibration process of the 6 degree-of-freedom(6-DOF) parallel mechanism, improving the calibration efficiency, and reducing the calibration cost, this paper proposes a pose measurement device and method based on the Orthogonal Displacement Measurement (ODM) system. First, the pose calculation method of the proposed device is studied, and its forward and inverse

Quaternary sulfide Cu2CoSnS4 (CCTS) thin films were deposited by vacuum thermal evaporation on heated substrates. The substrates temperatures are ranged from room temperature to 200 °C. After what, the as-deposited films were sulfurized under vacuum at 450 °C to optimize the stoechiometric stannite CCTS phase. The crystalline structure of the sulfurized CCTS thin films was examined by X-ray diffraction

In the previous paper [1], the air Kerma to Hp(3) conversion coefficients for monoenergetic photons from 0.02 to 10 MeV were calculated, using MCNP-6 and EGSnrc codes. The Hp(3)/Kair conversion coefficients have been calculated using a new analytical approach for which an equation on base non-linear model is proposed in this work. Our results in a good agreement were found, with the reference data

Lithium borate glasses activated with specific concentrations of Ce3+ ions have been processed by melt quenching technique. X-ray diffraction and SEM with EDAX carried out structural and surface morphology with elemental confirmation respectively. The nebulous nature of glassy matrices have been affirmatively confirmed by XRD and it was corroborated with SEM analysis. A distinguished absorption band

In the current work phase stability, band structure, and optoelectronic response of strontium titanate (STO) with doping of lithium (Li), potassium (K) and beryllium (Be) have been investigated in detail for possible application in semiconductor devices. The partial replacement of Sr-atoms with the Li-, K- and Be-atoms modify the structural parameters to a certain extent and remodeled the band gap

A simulation model of the fiber-structure trace ammonia detection system based on near-infrared laser absorption spectroscopy is proposed. The distributed feed-back (DFB) diode laser modulation, photodetector, and signal processing are simulated by programming using matlab code while the noise amplitude selected to the sampling accuracy of commercial 12-bit ADC. The wavelength 1512 nm was selected

The search for soliton solutions of nonlocal Schrödinger equations in the presence of nonlinear effects has received special interest in the last few decades. In the present paper, a weakly nonlocal Schrödinger equation (WNSE) involving the parabolic law nonlinearity is considered and as a success, its soliton solutions including bright and dark solitons are constructed. Such a key goal is formally

The probe response in four-level inverted-Y configuration showsgainwithout population inversionin presence of microwave field.At on-resonant probe field, switching between superluminal and subluminal probe propagation under the influence of microwave field is discussed in details.Both the bandwidth and sharpness of optical switching can easilybe controlled by varying the microwave power. The switching

This paper aims to provide a comparative study of synchronization effects of a single loop optoelectronics oscillator with a fixed narrowband RF filter (static BPF) and variable center frequency tuned filter (dynamic BPF). The instantaneous amplitude and phase equation of the proposed OEO has been derived. The variation in locking ranges with fiber delay, injection amplitude, and modulation index of

Compressed sensing theory based distributed video coding is one of the active topics in video coding research filed. In the compressed perception theory, the KSVD dictionary is usually used to achieve signal sparsity. In this paper,Based on the K-SVD algorithm, this paper proposes to apply the discriminative K-SVD (d-ksvd) algorithm to distributed compressed sensing video coding. We evaluate our method

Herein of Tb3+ (0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2 and 2.5 mol %) doped Y4Al2O9 (monoclinic phase of yttrium aluminium oxide Y/Al 2:1) phosphor synthesized by conventional modified solid state reaction method (CMSSRM) using inorganic materials like Yttrium Oxide (Y2O3), Aluminium Oxide (Al2O3) and Terbium Oxide (Tb2O3) boric acid using as a flux. The prepared phosphor sample were characterized using X-Ray Diffraction

Here, we proposed a novel synthetic technique to get highly luminescent QDs. The thallium ions were used for the first time to modulate the optical behavior of the PbS QDs. High quality Pb1-xTlxS QDs were prepared via 1,3,5-tris-N-phenylbenzimidazole-2-yl-benzene assisted hydrothermal technique. The X-ray measurements demonstrated the preserving of cubic phase of PbS nanocrystals. The TEM measurements

Here, we report the photonic and luminescence characteristics of the lasing NdxGa1-xAs quantum dots prepared via N-diphenyl-N-bis3-methylphenyl-1-biphenyl-4-diamine assisted colloidal approach for laser diode potential application. The prepared NdxGa1-xAs quantum dots showed cubic crystal structure as evidenced from XRD. The optical behavior showed a redshift of the absorbance and emission spectra

0.05, 0.1, 0.5, 1.0, and 3.0 % Ce-doped 20CsCl-20BaCl2-60ZnCl2 glasses were investigated for the optical and scintillation properties. Regarding the luminescence spectra, two broad emission peaks at around 350 nm with a shoulder peak at 375 nm were observed, and the origin was attributed to Ce3+. In the pulse height spectrum, the 0.05 % Ce-doped glass exhibited the highest light yields (LY) of 23 ph/MeV

We present study of the parameters of polarization holographic gratings recorded in thin films of the azopolymer PAZO (Poly[1-[4-(3-carboxy-4-hydroxyphenylazo) benzenesulfonamido]-1,2-ethanediyl, sodium salt]) and in a composite PAZO-based organic/inorganic material with incorporated TiO2 nanoparticles with size 21 nm and different concentrations. The gratings are inscribed by two plane waves with

In this paper, we obtain optical solitons and other solitary wave solutions for (2+1)-dimensional nonlinear Schrödinger equation (NLSE) with the aid of extended modified auxiliary equation mapping method, together with cubic-quintic-septic nonlinearity. We obtain bright, dark, singular, rational, periodic and many other solitary wave solutions for our governing model with constraint conditions.

In this paper we have discussed the analytical treatment of coupled integrable (2+1)-dimensional nonlinear Schrödinger equation with the help of our newly introduced method extended modified auxiliary equation mapping method(EMAEMM). By using this newly proposed method we have found some new and more general variety of exact traveling wave solutions which are collecting some kind of semi half bright

We investigate the prominent role of 4f system in the suppression of beam shape distortion during laser power amplification. We find that 4f system can effectively suppress the distortion of the light spot caused by diffraction and thermal lens effect. In addition, the laser power can be amplified more efficiently by introducing a 4f system. Our results can benefit for applications with high requirements

We present spatial coherence measurements of partially coherent light in the far-field of incoherent sources with an experimental setup based on the Thompson-Wolf and Partanen-Turunen-Tervo experiments, to be performed in the context of a possible solar coherence measurement space instrument. The optical setup consists of a telescope to collimate light from a source, to diffract it by a digital micromirror