For a long time, human beings have been yearning for free regulation of light waves. But it is limited by poor performances of the natural materials. The emergence of two-dimensional(2D) synthetic nanomaterials greatly promotes the developments of light control technologies, which has dramatically improved the ability of human beings to control light. People can realize flexible regulation of the propagation

A V-ridge transmission grating is proposed to realize polarizer under second Bragg incidence. The grating can transmit the energy of TE-polarization light and TM-polarization light to -2nd and 0th orders, respectively. It is found that efficiency of 99.31% can be reached in -2nd order under TE polarization and 0th order under TM polarization. By finite element method analysis, the grating has the optical

CaCu3Ti4O12 (CCTO) thin films of preference (220) orientation are deposited on MgO(111) substrates using pulsed laser deposition method. The third-order optical nonlinearity of CCTO films was investigated using Z-scan technique at a wavelength of 532 nm with 25 ps duration pulses. The self-focusing behavior in CCTO films was observed, which is different from the traditional CCTO films grown on LaAlO3

ZnO/SnS, ZnS/SnS and ZnS/ZnO/SnS nanocomposites were synthesized by simple chemical precipitation method, which is easy handling and large scale production. The crystal structure and morphology of the product were investigated by various characterization techniques such as powder X-ray diffraction, electron microscopy, UV-visible absorption, photoluminecence and thermal anaysis. The crystal strucure

In this communication, an improved direct-integration auxiliary differential equation (IM-DI-ADE) scheme is introduced for incorporating graphene's Drude dispersion into the finite difference time domain (FDTD) simulations in the GHz and THz frequency ranges. Stability analysis is performed and it is shown that the time-step stability limit of the presented IM-DI-ADE scheme coincides with the conventional

We numerically demonstrate an ultra-broadband plasmonic absorber by applying chromium and titanium in a 3D metamaterial structure. One unit cell of the proposed absorber consists of continuous Cr/SiO2 multi-layers covered by two Ti nanodisks for exciting multiple magnetic dipole resonances and localized surface plasmon resonance. The optical simulation results show that the average absorption of the

This work studies the effect of temperature on ytterbium-doped zirconium diselenide (Yb-ZrSe2) thin films synthesized via the electrochemical deposition method. The films were characterized using a scanning electron microscope (SEM), x-ray diffractometer (XRD), energy dispersive x-ray spectrophotometer (EDX), UV-1800 visible spectrophotometer, and a four-point probe system for their morphological,

In this work, we present a parametric study, by means of numerical simulations, of an integrated Mach-Zehnder interferometer, where the sensing arm consists of a long-range surface plasmon polariton waveguide. Our hybrid dielectric-plasmonic structure is designed specifically for biologically relevant situations, where high-sensitivity sensing of refractive index is critical for tracing small changes

Two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) have been extensively researched as nonlinear optical absorption materials for pulse fiber lasers applications. Herein, the liquid phase exfoliation method is employed to obtain HfSe2 nanosheets, and HfSe2/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) film is prepared, whose modulation depth (ΔT) is measured to be 12.37%. When inserting HfSe2-based saturable absorber

A three-dimensional ghost imaging system based on the phase-coded modulation is proposed. The system utilizes two high speed electro-optic modulators to encode and decode the pulsed laser with the M-sequence so as to accomplish correlation calculation in optical domain to solve the range information of targets. Compared with the conventional optical heterodyne ghost imaging system using complex detection

We report computational modelling and numerical analysis of rib optical waveguide composed of chalcogenide GeSe2-As2Se3-PbSe and MgF2 glasses for mid infrared supercontinuum generation. Employing finite element method, we analyse the influence of geometrical parameters on waveguide dispersion & nonlinearity and perform dispersion engineering to minimize dispersion effects. Later, we analyse the influence

Propagation of various kinds of waves though partially or fully ionized plasma under various physical situations has been a subject of great interest. Study of whistler waves has been carried out in detail and results are published in series of papers. Interaction of an electron beam with whistler waves in magnetoplasmas has been published by Gupta et al. (2015) by considering propagation of electron

The demonstration of an interferometric temperature sensor based on a no-core fiber (NCF) with a thin layer of copper oxide-polyvinyl alcohol (CuO-PVA) coating is presented in this paper. The sensing principle relies on the multimode interference (MMI) effect that occurs in a pure silica multimode fiber (MMF) sandwiched between two single-mode fibers (SMFs), where the MMF section is an NCF. To accomplish

Influence of helix geometric parameters on surface quality is investigated in laser cutting of photovoltaic float glass. 110 square holes through the selected photovoltaic float glass of thickness 2.5 mm are processed by 532 nm nanosecond laser with different helix geometric parameters (width w and overlap ratio r). Three dropping modes can be summarized by 110 group experiments as smoothing drop,

To investigate the error in temperature and strain simultaneous measurement based on Brillouin scattering and Brillouin dynamic grating (BDG), the error estimation for birefringence-induced frequency shift in BDG reflected spectra is systematically investigated. In view of the validity of characterization of the BDG reflected spectra by the coupled-wave equations and estimation of birefringence-induced

The present study investigates the structural and optical properties under thermal annealing for gallium phthalocyanine chloride film (GaPcCl). The annealing does not have any effect on the stability of the chemical structure of GaPcCl films but has a noticeable effect on the optical properties such as the refractive index n, extinction coefficient k, optical conductivity ( σ1* σ2*) and the complex

Mid-infrared supercontinuum (SC) generation in normally dispersive photonic crystal fiber (PCF) made of GeS2-Ga2S3-CsI chalcohalide glass, is theoretically investigated. The finite difference method is employed to compute and optimize the different linear and nonlinear parameters of the fundamental guided mode. Simulation results indicate that the all-normal regime of dispersion over the entire wavelength

Morphological analysis and feature representation of whole blood cells (white blood cells, red blood cells and platelets) are of great importance in life science and clinical medicine. In order to obtain phases of cells, an experimental platform is used based on the principle of transport of intensity equation (TIE). To obtain the detailed information of the cells, five characteristic parameters of

A Metal-Insulator-Metal (MIM) waveguide structures consists of cross-shaped cavity and baffle was proposed. The simulation results show that the tunable Fano resonance existed in cross-shaped cavity structures by adjusting the length parameters of horizontal and vertical cavities. Further, the position and alignment of the resonant peak wavelength can be easily changed. The sensitivity of the structure

The response of fiber grating FP cavity to different frequency pulse injection is theoretically studied and experimentally demonstrated. The fiber grating FP cavity is composed of a pair of identical uniform fiber Bragg gratings connected by a piece of fiber, and the ring-down spectral characteristics of the fiber grating FP cavity with different frequency pulse laser injection are studied. The results

In this paper, we present a novel type of surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) substrates using the surface of microsphere end-shape optical fibre coated silver nanodendrites fabricated by laser-assisted photochemical method, which can one-timely synthesis and deposit nano-silver on the surface of microsphere. The morphology and chemical composition of SERS microsphere-shape optical fibre substrates

An ultrafast laser was demonstrated in all-fiber based cavity by using metal-organic material (Alq3) as saturable absorber (SA). The pulse-width, repetition rate and output power are 5.96 ps, 6.84 MHz, and 50.2 mW, respectively. The laser has a single wavelength centered at 1066.2 nm. By changing the polarization of the cavity, a multi-wavelength mode-locking operation was produced. This is the first

It is important to optimize emission intensity of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) for improving detection sensitivity. This paper investigates the influence of the distance between focusing lens and sample surface (DBFS) on the emission line intensity and electron temperature of Cu plasma induced by femtosecond pulse laser. The results indicate that the line intensities first increase,

Optical solitons generated from fiber lasers have been extensively investigated for their good stability, narrow pulse width and high peak power, which play an indispensable role in many fields such as mechanical micromachining, optical microscope, imaging technology, optical soliton communication and so on. In this review, we summarize the development of soliton fiber laser, and the current application

In this paper, a novel random sequence generator based on cat map and hybrid chaos system is introduced. The features of the new system are investigated by various tests as NISTS test. As an example of the application of this system, a new image encryption algorithm based on the transformation matrix that is generated by this system is introduced. The proposed system has dynamically structured, so

Based on the generalized huygens-fresnel theorem, the characteristics of beam wander in partially coherent elliptical vortex beams in anisotropic non-Kolmogorov turbulence are studied. Considering not only the vortex phase but also the twisted phase modulation in the partially coherent beams, the study of twisted phase modulation is carried out based on the content of the partially Coherent Elliptical

In this work, a simple fiber Fabry-Perot air-cavity interferometer (FPI) is formed by splicing a 246 μm long hollow core silica tube (HCST) between two single mode fibers (SMFs). In the thermal characterization test, the FPI exhibits limited linear range up to 700 °C in the first cycle of isochronal annealing treatment from room temperature up to 1000 °C. However, after a series of repeated isochronal

In this paper, a d-shaped photonic crystal fiber (PCF) biosensor based on surface plasmon resonance (SPR) is numerically analyzed with finite element method (FEM). In the proposed sensor, the flat side of PCF is coated with Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) and Zinc Oxide (ZnO) for maximum sensitivity with detection range 1.30−1.38. The d-shaped design can be fabricated by stack-draw method and upper side of

In order to study the characteristics of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy(LIBS), the optimal size of cavity(D = 5 mm, H = 4 mm) was obtained using the aluminum cylindrical cavities with different diameters (from 2 mm to 6 mm)and heights(from 1 mm to 6 mm) in LIBS and the optimal size of Au-NPs(D = 20 nm) was obtained by depositing Au-NPs (10 nm, 20 nm, 30 nm in particle diameter) on the shot of

In this paper, a numerical study on the reflectance and Kerr rotation spectra of a multilayer structure as Graphene/SiC/InSb/SiC/Al was performed at 2−15 THz frequency region. The whole structure was under an external static magnetic field, which was normal to the surface of the layers. The magnetic field was applied to induce the magneto-optical characteristics of the graphene and InSb layers. The

We propose a fisheye camera calibration algorithm, in which the center of the distortion and equivalent focal length of the fisheye camera are obtained by the contour constraint, and the distortion parameters are calculated by linear constraint and Levenberg-Marquardt (LM) optimization algorithm. According to the obtained camera parameters, the fisheye image can be corrected by cubic-box-mapping-method

This paper studies highly dispersive optical solitons in birefringent fibers with Kerr, quadratic-cubic, polynomial and non-local laws of refractive index. Three integration schemes adopted are Riccati function approach, sine-Gordon function technique and F-expansion method.

It is shown that the penetration of an oscillating electric field in a semi-infinite classical plasma obeys the standard exponential attenuation law e−x/λe (besides oscillations), where x is the distance from the wall and λe is the extinction length (penetration depth, attenuation length). This solves the problem of various approximations and semi-empirical models of the surface sheath. The penetration

Temperature-dependent photoluminescence (PL) in a range of 77 K to room temperature (RT, 300 K) and time-resolved PL spectroscopy (TRPL) were used to study mechanochemically alloyed Cd0.3Zn0.7Se nanocrystals. The opto-physical properties such as exciton decay dynamics and emission characteristics were investigated. TRPL has been used to probe carrier relaxation of defect-related emissions while PL

Soluble sugar content is a key factor affecting super sweet corn quality, making the development of a rapid, simple, and environmentally friendly method for measuring soluble sugar content significant for successful breeding. The near-infrared (NIR) spectra of 131 sets of super sweet corn kernels with different soluble sugar contents (5.57–45.35 mg/g) were collected and preprocessed using multiple

In this paper, the moiré lattice composed of two different periods of Bragg lattices is constructed. The photonic band structure of the moiré lattice is calculated by the plane wave expansion method, and the photonic band gap of the soliton is determined. Then the solution of the soliton and the stability of the soliton in the photonic band gap interval are analyzed in detail. The solitons in the defect

In this paper, simultaneous measurement of temperature and surrounding refractive index (SRI) by the superimposed coated long period fiber grating and fiber Bragg grating (SCLBG) sensor based on mode barrier region (MBR) is proposed. The sensor makes use of the different characteristics between long period fiber grating (LPFG) and fiber Bragg grating (FBG) in response to temperature and SRI, which

Ambient light (AML) limits the usage of absorption spectroscopy to strictly-controlled environments due to its impact on the quality of the signals. In medical applications for Optical instruments that require high reliability and validity results, it is indispensable to control AML impact. In this work, we present a multi-wavelength optical acquisition method, here called SHADE. The technique increases

The power-splitting-ratio (PSR) of the 1 × 2 multimode interference (MMI) device based on hybrid plasmonic waveguide is studied theoretically. Other than the finite and fixed PSR in conventional MMI, by rational breaking the symmetry of the structure, arbitrary PSR can be achieved, while the original advantages of MMI devices including large fabrication tolerance, wide operation bandwidth, and compact

The perturbed nonlinear Schrödinger equation (PNLSE), used to investigate the dynamics of wave propagation of light in nonlinear optical fibers and planar wave guides is considered in this article. The model is considered in the presence of full nonlinearity and perturbed terms. By using the state-of-the-art integration scheme, exp(− Φ(ξ))-expansion method, different structures of explicit solutions

Nanograins of Zinc oxide doped with silver and co-doped with rare earth elements were synthesized by sol-gel auto combustion method and annealed at1100 °C for 5 h. The average particle size and hexagonal wurtzite crystalline phases of the prepared samples were determined by X-ray diffraction analysis. The incorporation of silver ions and lanthanum ions into zinc lattice provoked the increase in size

In present research article the single crystal has been grown and change in traits of BTZA crystal has been evaluated by comparative approach. The single crystal X-ray diffraction technique has been utilized to determine the structural configurations of pure and LT influenced BTZA crystal. LT influenced BTZA sample has been subjected to energy dispersive spectroscopic technique to find out the chemical

New and novel solitons and other solutions to the cubic–quartic nonlinear Schrödinger's equation in a non-Kerr law media with four laws of non-linearity namely, parabolic law, quadratic–cubic law, the non-local law and weak non-local law have been found in this article. The unified Riccati equation expansion method is applied in this paper. This equation governs the propagation of solitons through

A general theory for the reflection, transmission and equivalent surface impedance of a symmetric and non-reciprocal metasurface composed of dipole scatterers has been developed under oblique incidence. The proposed theory is then used for metasurfaces composed of uncoated and coated spheres under normal illumination. The materials considered for uncoated and coated spheres are realistic, i.e., magnetodielectric

In this paper, we have obtained a novel way using photonic crystals by theoretical studies to water desalination. Here, in the present design, we are coupling between pyramids and porous structures to yield an efficient solar desalination device. The designed structures from titanium nitrate (TiN) coated with titanium dioxide (TiO2) which float on the water surface can efficiently absorb a wide-ranging

The performances of traditional visual odometry algorithms may degenerate when a scene contains dynamic objects. In this paper, we propose a novel spatiotemporal visual odometry for dynamic indoor environments by using RGB-D cameras. First, to improve the data association, the complete ground plane is detected and used in the optimization function of coarse pose estimation. Then, the spatial information

Semi-conductive MXene Sc2COx is synthesized by using magnetron sputtering. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) is performed to determine the composition of sample. The bandgap of Sc2COx sample is determined by ultraviolet-visible (UV-VIS) range absorption and photoluminescence (PL) spectrum. The Tauc plot indicates that Sc2COx is a direct bandgap material. The high sensitivity

Long-wave photoconductive infrared detector (wavelength over 10 μm) is important to the fields of low-temperature target detection, over-the-horizon detection, and anti-jamming target recognition. The readout integrated circuit of long-wave infrared photoconductive detector cannot adapt because of its low resistance and high non-uniformity. A self-adaptive readout integrated circuit for correction

In order to solve simultaneous multi-leak problem of the pipeline, a method to detect multi-leak of pipeline by using optical fiber detection technology is proposed. Firstly, use optical fiber sensors to detect pressure signal, then construct the residual generator based on the fault diagnosis observer, and the leak coefficients are extracted by the residual error. Secondly, make the observer has good

In this paper, we investigate the quantum interference of output port by considering any photon-number state and photon-added coherent states (PSCS) as inputs of Mach-Zehnder interferometer. We re-present the relationship between input and output operators obtained by Weyl ordering and study the quantum statistical properties of the output field by one output's Wigner function. Furthermore, we mainly

A novel structure of polarization beam splitter (PBS) using hybrid slot structure (HSS) consisting of horizontal/vertical slot waveguide (H/VSW) is proposed and characterized. A silicon nitride augmented low index guiding (ALIG) is employed to improve the performances of PBS device. TE mode is well confined in VSW formed by bottom silicon layers, and is transmitted through bar port, while TM mode is

Here, we have developed a new series of quantum dots based on the incorporation of thulium, Tm, atoms as efficient dopant in the cubic CdTe crystal structure for laser diode application potential. Therefore, Cd1 − xTmxTe (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.07) quantum dots were synthesized using s,s′-phenylenebis-ethynediyl-phenylene-bisthioacetate assisted microwave approach. The measurements of X-ray diffractions implied

We proposed a D-shaped photonic crystal fiber refractive index sensor based on surface plasmon resonance for the detection of refractive-index (RI) liquid analytes between 1.27 and 1.37. In contrast to the common D-shaped structure photonic crystal fiber, three metal wires were added between the D-surface and top level air holes in our design, which prevent the analytes from contacting the metal. It

Deformation and stress are the most important parameters for structural damage identification, but the sensors used for structural deformation or stress monitoring cannot be effectively installed on the pipeline with insulation layer, highway, railway and other service structures. In this case, the unfavorable load identification is of great significance for the damage assessment of large-scale structures

The existence and stability of nonlinear stationary states in nonlinear saturable coupler with balanced gain-loss(the parity-time symmetric distribution) are studied. Propagation and switching of beams at the different initial excitations are investigated.

In order to improve the accuracy and speed of three-dimensional face recognition, this paper proposes a three-dimensional face recognition method combining LBP and SVM. First, the LBP algorithm is used to extract the feature information of the three-dimensional face depth image, then the SVM algorithm is used to classify the feature information. By selecting samples in the Texas 3DFRD three-dimensional

A novel high efficiency visible photocatalyst TbMnO3@CeO2 composites was first synthesized by microwave-assisted acrylamide gel method. The phase purity, surface morphology, optical, magnetic, photoluminescent and photocatalytic properties of TbMnO3, CeO2 and TbMnO3@CeO2 composites were compared. The average particle sizes for the TbMnO3, CeO2 and TbMnO3@CeO2 composites are estimated to be 80, 55 and

We propose a new type Bragg fiber to support 50 OAM modes transmission. The proposed Bragg fiber is composed of fiber core and dual claddings, which include a single-ring high refractive index inner cladding and periodic high-low refractive index outer cladding. Employing the COMSOL simulation software, we numerically demonstrate the transmission properties. The results show that the low nonlinear

Time-of-flight (TOF) three-dimensional (3D) imaging is an effective means for remote sensing and target recognition. Fourier ghost imaging (GI) acquires the Fourier spectrum first, then applies an inverse Fourier transform (IFT) to retrieve the image of interest. The Fourier spectrum can be artificially processed when needed. The Fourier spectrum of some partially transmissive occluders is generally