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Numerical Study of Carbon Nanofoam Targets for Laser-Driven Inertial Fusion Experiments Laser Part. Beams (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2023-9-2 A. Maffini, M. Cipriani, D. Orecchia, V. Ciardiello, A. Formenti, F. Consoli, M. Passoni
Porous materials have peculiar characteristics that are relevant for inertial confinement fusion (ICF). Among them, chemically produced foams are proved to be able to smooth the laser inhomogeneities and to increase the coupling of the laser with the target. Foams realized with other elements and techniques may prove useful as well for ICF applications. In this work, we explore the potential of a novel
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Helium as a Surrogate for Deuterium in LPI Studies Laser Part. Beams (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2023-8-25 Matthias Geissel, Adam J. Harvey-Thompson, Matthew R. Weis, Jeffrey R. Fein, David Ampleford, David E. Bliss, Aaron M. Hansen, Christopher Jennings, Mark W. Kimmel, Patrick Rambo, Jonathon E. Shores, Ian C. Smith, C. Shane Speas, John L. Porter
Helium or neopentane can be used as surrogate gas fill for deuterium (D2) or deuterium-tritium (DT) in laser-plasma interaction studies. Surrogates are convenient to avoid flammability hazards or the integration of cryogenics in an experiment. To test the degree of equivalency between deuterium and helium, experiments were conducted in the Pecos target chamber at Sandia National Laboratories. Observables
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Modeling of a Liquid Leaf Target TNSA Experiment Using Particle-In-Cell Simulations and Deep Learning Laser Part. Beams (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2023-8-4 B. Schmitz, D. Kreuter, O. Boine-Frankenheim
Liquid leaf targets show promise as high repetition rate targets for laser-based ion acceleration using the Target Normal Sheath Acceleration (TNSA) mechanism and are currently under development. In this work, we discuss the effects of different ion species and investigate how they can be leveraged for use as a possible laser-driven neutron source. To aid in this research, we develop a surrogate model
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Forty Years of Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy and Laser and Particle Beams Laser Part. Beams (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2023-6-19 Vincenzo Palleschi
The laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) technique is one of the most promising laser-based analytical techniques. Coincidentally, the LIBS acronym was proposed by Radziemski and Loree in two seminal papers published in 1981, almost at the same time in which the Laser and Particle Beams journal started its publication. In this contribution, the evolution of the LIBS technique is discussed following
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Advances in the Study of Laser-Driven Proton-Boron Fusion Laser Part. Beams (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2023-6-13 Dimitri Batani, Daniele Margarone, Fabio Belloni
The topic of proton-boron fusion has recently attracted considerable interest in the scientific community, both for its future perspectives for energy production and for nearer-term possibilities to realize high-brightness α-particle sources. Very interesting experimental results have been obtained, in particular in laser-driven experiments but also using other experimental approaches. The goal of
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Univocal Discrimination of α Particles Produced by 11B(p, α)2α Fusions in Laser-Matter Experiments by Advanced Thomson Spectrometry Laser Part. Beams (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2023-6-8 Martina Salvadori, Massimiliano Scisciò, Giorgio Di Giorgio, Mattia Cipriani, Pier Luigi Andreoli, Giuseppe Cristofari, Riccardo De Angelis, Danilo Giulietti, Fabrizio Consoli
The energy problem is an open issue becoming increasingly pressing. The possibility to use nuclear fusion as an alternative energy source is thus acquiring progressively more importance and many investors are pushing to achieve the goal of an electric plant based on fusion. The most studied reaction is the deuterium-tritium one, but this poses several technical issues related to the handling of the
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Photon and Neutron Production as In Situ Diagnostics of Proton-Boron Fusion Laser Part. Beams (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2023-5-8 B. M. Hegelich, L. Labun, O. Z. Labun, T. A. Mehlhorn
Short-pulse, ultrahigh-intensity lasers have opened new regimes for studying fusion plasmas and creating novel ultrashort ion beams and neutron sources. Diagnosing the plasma in these experiments is important for optimizing the fusion yield but difficult due to the picosecond time scales, 10 s of micron-cubed volumes, and high densities. We propose to use the yields of photons and neutrons produced
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Study on Gain Regularity of High Power Microwave Obtained by Using Path Encoding Pulse Compression Laser Part. Beams (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2023-4-18 Jinyong Fang, Chang Zhai, Jiangniu Wu, Haoliang Zhang, Huijun Huang
This study is the further research of the path encoding pulse compression technique. In this study, the regularity of pulse compression gain is studied by adopting the numerical simulation and experiment measurement methods. For the lossless cavity, the power gain has the characteristic of equal pulse length with equal compression gain contribution according to the numerical simulation results. It
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Oscillating Plasmas for Proton- Boron Fusion in Miniature Vacuum Discharge Laser Part. Beams (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2023-3-4 Yu. K. Kurilenkov, V. P. Tarakanov, A. V. Oginov, S. Yu Gus’kov, I. S. Samoylov
Earlier, the experiments on the aneutronic proton-boron (pB) fusion in a miniature nanosecond vacuum discharge (NVD) with oscillatory plasma confinement and correspondent α particles yield were presented. In this work, we consider some specific features of oscillatory confinement as a relatively new type of plasma confinement for fusion. Particle-in-cell (PiC) simulations of pB fusion processes have
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A Methodology for the Discrimination of Alpha Particles from Other Ions in Laser-Driven Proton-Boron Reactions Using CR-39 Detectors Coupled in a Thomson Parabola Spectrometer Laser Part. Beams (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2023-2-27 Vasiliki Kantarelou, Andriy Velyhan, Przemysław Tchórz, Marcin Rosiński, Giada Petringa, Giuseppe Antonio Pablo Cirrone, Valeriia Istokskaia, Josef Krása, Miroslav Krůs, Antonino Picciotto, Daniele Margarone, Lorenzo Giuffrida
Solid-state nuclear track detectors (CR-39 type) are frequently used for the detection of ions accelerated by laser-plasma interaction because they are sensitive to each single particle. To the present day, CR-39 detectors are the main diagnostics in experiments focused on laser-driven proton-boron (p11B) fusion reactions to detect alpha particles, which are the main products of such a nuclear reaction
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Numerical Studies on Bow Waves in Intense Laser-Plasma Interaction Laser Part. Beams (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2023-2-15 Li Ning, Mu Jie, Kong Fancun
Laser-driven wakefield acceleration (LWFA) has attracted lots of attention in recent years. However, few writers have been able to make systematic research into the bow waves generated along with the wake waves. Research about the bow waves will help to improve the understanding about the motion of the electrons near the wake waves. In addition, the relativistic energetic electron density peaks have
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Cross-Section Measurements of the 11B(p,α)2α Reaction near the First Resonant Energy Laser Part. Beams (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2023-2-14 Shizheng Zhang, Hao Xu, Xing Xu, Wenqing Wei, Jieru Ren, Benzheng Chen, Bubo Ma, Zhongmin Hu, Fangfang Li, Lirong Liu, Mingzhe Yang, Zeyu Lai, Hongwei Yue, Jie Xiong, Zhongfeng Xu, Yanhong Chen, Zhao Wang, Zexian Zhou, Lulin Shi, Rui Cheng, Zhigang Deng, Wei Qi, Weimin Zhou, Guanchao Zhao, Bing Liu, Di Luo, Dieter H. H. Hoffmann, Yongtao Zhao
In preparation for an experiment with a laser-generated intense proton beam at the Laser Fusion Research Center at Mianyang to investigate the 11B(p,α)2α reaction, we performed a measurement at very low proton energy between 140 keV and 172 keV using the high-voltage platform at the Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou. The aim of the experiment was to test the ability to use CR-39 track detectors
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Model of a 5-MA Linear-Transformer-Driver Accelerator: Comparison of MITL Performance for Bremsstrahlung Electron Beam Diodes and Z-Pinch Loads Laser Part. Beams (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2023-1-31 Zhenzhou Gong, Hao Wei, Siyuan Fan, Weibo Yao, Hanyu Wu, Aici Qiu
A transmission line circuit model was conducted to compare the performances of the two-level 2.5 Ω magnetically insulated transmission lines (MITLs) system of a 5-MA linear-transformer-driver (LTD) accelerator for two kinds of typical loads, including bremsstrahlung electron beam diodes and Z-pinch loads. Both the electron current loss in the pulse front during the magnetic insulation setup process
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High-Sensitivity Thomson Spectrometry in Experiments of Laser-Driven Low-Rate NeutronLess Fusion Reactions Laser Part. Beams (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2023-1-13 M. Scisciò, G. Di Giorgio, P. L. Andreoli, M. Cipriani, G. Cristofari, R. De Angelis, M. Salvadori, G. A. P. Cirrone, L. Giuffrida, D. Margarone, G. Milluzzo, G. Petringa, F. Consoli
The aneutronic 11B(p, α)2α fusion reaction driven by the interaction of high-energy lasers with matter has become a popular topic of research, since it represents a potential long-term goal alternative to the most studied deuterium-tritium reaction. However, the detection of the typical ionic products, especially alpha particles, of this low-rate fusion reaction is a challenging issue, due to their
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Path to Increasing p-B11 Reactivity via ps and ns Lasers Laser Part. Beams (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2022-12-24 Thomas A. Mehlhorn, Lance Labun, Bjorn Manuel Hegelich, Daniele Margarone, Ming Feng Gu, Dimitri Batani, E. Michael Campbell, S. X. Hu
The Lawson criterion for proton-boron (p-11B) thermonuclear fusion is substantially higher than that for deuterium-tritium (DT) because the fusion cross section is lower and peaks at higher ion energies. The Maxwellian averaged p-11B reactivity peaks at several hundred keV, where bremsstrahlung radiation emission may dominate over fusion reactions if electrons and ions are in thermal equilibrium and
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Manipulating the Laser-Driven Proton Bunch with Plasma Wakefield Laser Part. Beams (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2022-12-19 Chao Jin, Xiao-ying Zhao, Han-jie Cai, Xin Qi, Zhi-jun Wang, Yuan He
With the advantages of short duration and extreme brightness, laser proton accelerators (LPAs) show great potential in many fields for industrial, medical, and research applications. However, the quality of current laser-driven proton beams, such as the broad energy spread and large divergence angle, is still a challenge. We use numerical simulations to study the propagation of such proton bunches
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A Pulsed Synchronous Linear Accelerator for Low-Energy Proton Laser Part. Beams (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2022-11-9 Yi Shen, Yi Liu, Pan Dong, Mao Ye, Huang Zhang, Liansheng Xia, Jinshui Shi, Jianjun Deng
A low-energy proton accelerator named pulsed synchronous linear accelerator (PSLA) is proposed and developed at the Institute of Fluid Physics, which is driven by unipolar-pulsed high voltages. Pulsed-accelerating electric fields and low-energy ion beams are precisely synchronized on temporal and spatial positions for continuous acceleration. The operating mode and the features of the PSLA are introduced
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Investigation of Proton Beam-Driven Fusion Reactions Generated by an Ultra-Short Petawatt-Scale Laser Pulse Laser Part. Beams (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2022-10-13 Marius S. Schollmeier, Vahe Shirvanyan, Christie Capper, Sven Steinke, Adam Higginson, Reed Hollinger, John T. Morrison, Ryan Nedbailo, Huanyu Song, Shoujun Wang, Jorge J. Rocca, Georg Korn
We present results from a pitcher-catcher experiment utilizing a proton beam generated with nanostructured targets at a petawatt-class, short-pulse laser facility to induce proton-boron fusion reactions in a secondary target. A 45-fs laser pulse with either 400 nm wavelength and 7 J energy, or 800 nm and 14 J, and an intensity of up to 5 × 1021 W/cm2 was used to irradiate either thin foil targets or
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Verification and Validation of Two Hydrodynamic Methods for Simulations of High Energy Density Physics Problems Laser Part. Beams (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2022-10-11 Vincent P. Chiravalle
A 3D verification and validation suite of test problems is presented and used to evaluate hydrodynamic methods within a radiation hydrodynamics code, xRAGE. These test problems exercise different levels of complexity, building towards ICF problems which in addition to hydrodynamics also include three temperature plasma physics, thermal conduction, and radiation diffusion. Among the problems in the
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Study on Damage Characteristics of Fused Silica under Ion Beam Sputtering and AMP Technique Laser Part. Beams (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2022-9-27 Wanli Zhang, Feng Shi, Ci Song, Ye Tian, Shuangpeng Guo
Fused silica is an optical material with excellent performance, and it is widely used in the fabrication of optics in various high-power laser systems. With the gradual improvement of laser systems, the quality of optics becomes crucial. Taking magnetorheological finishing (MRF), ion beam sputtering etching (IBSE), and advanced mitigation processing (AMP) as the means, this work focuses on exploring
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Alpha-Particle Generation from H-11B Fusion Initiated by Laser-Accelerated Boron Ions Laser Part. Beams (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2022-9-26 Defeng Kong, Shirui Xu, Yinren Shou, Ying Gao, Zhusong Mei, Zhuo Pan, Zhipeng Liu, Zhengxuan Cao, Yulan Liang, Ziyang Peng, Pengjie Wang, Di Luo, Yang Li, Zhi Li, Huasheng Xie, Guoqiang Zhang, Wen Luo, Jiarui Zhao, Shiyou Chen, Yixing Geng, Yanying Zhao, Jianming Xue, Xueqing Yan, Wenjun Ma
Here, we report the generation of MeV alpha-particles from H-11B fusion initiated by laser-accelerated boron ions. Boron ions with maximum energy of 6 MeV and fluence of 109/MeV/sr@5 MeV were generated from 60 nm-thick self-supporting boron nanofoils irradiated by 1 J femtosecond pulses at an intensity of 1019 W/cm2. By bombarding secondary hydrogenous targets with the boron ions, 3 × 105/sr alpha-particles
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Laser-Driven Proton-Boron Fusions: Influences of the Boron State Laser Part. Beams (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2022-9-26 Xiaochuan Ning, Tianyi Liang, Dong Wu, Shujun Liu, Yangchun Liu, Tianxing Hu, Zhengmao Sheng, Jieru Ren, Bowen Jiang, Yongtao Zhao, Dieter H. H. Hoffmann, X.T. He
The proton-boron (p B) reaction is regarded as the holy grail of advanced fusion fuels, where the primary reaction produces 3 energetic particles. However, due to the high nuclear bounding energy and bremsstrahlung energy losses, energy gain from the p B fusion is hard to achieve in thermal fusion conditions. Owing to advances in intense laser technology, the p B fusion has drawn renewed attention
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Compact Thomson Scattering Source Based on a Mixed Injection Assisted Laser Wakefield Accelerator Laser Part. Beams (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2022-9-17 Fang Tan, Xiao Hui Zhang, Bin Zhu, Gang Li, Yu Chi Wu, Ming Hai Yu, Yue Yang, Yong Hong Yan, Wei Fan, Ke Gong Dong, Feng Lu, Tian Kui Zhang, Yu Qiu Gu
In order to establish a compact all-optical Thomson scattering source, experimental studies were conducted on the 45 TW Ti: sapphire laser facility. By including a steel wafer, mixed gas, and plasma mirror into a double-exit jet, several mechanisms, such as shock-assisted ionization injection, ionization injection, and driving laser reflection, were integrated into one source. So, the source of complexity
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Effect of Viscosity on Stopping Power for a Charged Particle Moving above Two-Dimensional Electron Gas Laser Part. Beams (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2022-04-29 Lei Chen,Yu Wang,Yuesong Jia,Xianjun Yang,Chunzhi Li,Lin Yi,Wei Jiang,Ya Zhang
In two-dimensional (2D) electron systems, the viscous flow is dominant when electron-electron collisions occur more frequently than the impurity or phonon scattering. In this work, a quantum hydrodynamic model, considering viscosity, is proposed to investigate the interaction of a charged particle moving above the two-dimensional viscous electron gas. The stopping power, perturbed electron gas density
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Self-focusing/Defocusing of Hermite-Sinh-Gaussian Laser Beam in Underdense Inhomogeneous Plasmas Laser Part. Beams (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2022-03-28 Kaijing Tian,Xiongping Xia
The self-focusing/defocusing of Hermite-sinh-Gaussian (HshG) laser beam in underdense inhomogeneous plasmas is studied by using higher-order approximation theory. It is found that Hermite mode index and the fluctuation of the periodic plasma density have a significant effect on the dielectric constant and laser beam self-focusing/self-defocusing. With the increase of mode index, the high-order HshG
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Appeal for Science United for Peace Laser Part. Beams (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2022-03-09 Katarzyna Batani
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Numerical Simulation and Validation of Multiscale 3D Laser Spiral Machining of Microholes Laser Part. Beams (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2022-03-09 Yiwei Dong,Qianwen Ye,Qi Li,Xiang Guo,Saitao Zhang,Naixian Hou
Femtosecond laser ablation is widely applied in high-precision machining of microholes in aeroengine turbine blades. To further explore the mechanism of action during the laser processing of microholes, numerical simulations were performed on the basis of a molecular dynamics (MD) method coupled with a two-temperature model (TTM). Laser irradiation on the surface of copper for different femtosecond-laser
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Fabrication and Optimization Design of Multilayer Flyer Plates for Laser-Driven Loading Laser Part. Beams (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2022-03-03 Wei Guo,Wei Cao,Xiang Wang,Qiqi Peng,Lizhi Wu
The laser-driven flyer plate is an important loading technology in high energy physics, shock wave physics, and explosive initiation application. How to generate a high-velocity and intact flyer plate by using the laser is a matter of concern for laser driving. In this study, the multilayer flyer plates (MFPs) of Al/Al2O3/Al and TiO2/Al/Al2O3/Al with adjustable performance were designed and fabricated
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Enhancement of Magnetic Vortex Acceleration by Laser Interaction with Near-Critical Density Plasma inside a Hollow Conical Target Laser Part. Beams (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2022-02-18 Xueming Li,Yue Chao,Rui Xie,Deji Liu,Yuanzhi Zhou,Shutong Zhang,Tian Yang,Zhanjun Liu,Lihua Cao,Chunyang Zheng
The effects of magnetic vortex acceleration (MVA) are investigated with two-dimensional particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations by laser interaction with near-critical density (NCD) plasma inside a hollow conical plasma. Energetic and collimated proton beams can be accelerated by a longitudinal charge-separation field. Energetic protons with a peak energy of 220 MeV are produced in PIC simulations. Compared
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Analysis of Destructive Effects with Electron Bombardment in Slow-Wave Structures Laser Part. Beams (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2022-02-15 Nongchao Tan,Ping Wu,Ye Hua,Jun Sun,Yibing Cao,Guangshuai Zhang,Wenhui Huang,Wenhua Huang
Radio frequency (RF) breakdown can result in pulse shortening and seriously degrade the stability and reliability of relativistic backward wave oscillators (RBWOs). This paper discusses the energy range of electrons causing breakdown traces in slow-wave structures (SWSs) through particle-in-cell (PIC) simulation, numerical calculation, and experimental verification. The PIC simulation and numerical
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Bright High-Harmonic Generation through Coherent Synchrotron Emission Based on the Polarization Gating Scheme Laser Part. Beams (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2022-02-14 Chuliang Zhou,Ye Tian,Yushan Zeng,Zhinan Zeng,Ruxin Li
Relativistic surface high harmonics, combined with the use of polarization gating, present a promising route towards intense single attosecond pulses. However, they impose stringent requirements on ultra-high laser contrast and are restricted by large intensity losses in real experiments. Here, we numerically demonstrate that by setting an optimal time delay in the polarization gating scheme, the intensity
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The Effect of Ion-to-Electron Mass Ratio on the Electron Beam-Plasma Interaction Laser Part. Beams (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2021-12-15 Maryamsadat Rafiei,Mostafa Sahrai,Mahboub Hosseinpour,Abdolrasoul Esfandyari-Kalejahi
Two-dimensional electromagnetic particle-in-cell simulations are carried out to investigate the effect of ion-to-electron mass ratio on the evolution of warm electron beam-plasma instability. Four cases are considered: A: mi/me = 0 (two-electron stream instability); B: mi/me = 1 (pair plasma); C: mi/me = 100; and D: mi/me = 1000. It is shown that the generation of Langmuir waves in the fundamental
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Shock Hugoniot Data for Water up to 5 Mbar Obtained with Quartz Standard at High-Energy Laser Facilities Laser Part. Beams (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2021-12-11 D. Mancelli,I. Errea,A. Tentori,O. Turianska,H. Larreur,K. Katagiri,N. Ozaki,N. Kamimura,D. Kamibayashi,K. Ishida,H. Ogura,K. Kawasaki,Y. Maeda,Y. Hironaka,K. Shigemori,K. Batani,G. Schaumann,O. Rosmej,P. Neumayer,B. Zielbauer,A. S. Martynenko,E. D. Filippov,S. Pikuz,D. Batani
In this work, we present experimental results on the behavior of liquid water at megabar pressure. The experiment was performed using the HIPER (High-Intensity Plasma Experimental Research) laser facility, a uniaxial irradiation chamber of GEKKO XII (GXII) at the Institute of Laser Engineering (ILE), and the PHELIX at GSI (GSI Helmholtz Centre for Heavy Ion Research), a single-beam high-power laser
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Field Localization and Density Cavitation in Low-Beta Plasmas Laser Part. Beams (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2021-11-28 Motilal Rinawa,Prashant Chauhan,Sintu Kumar,Manoj Kumar Singh,Hari Kumar Singh,Amit Sharma,R. P. Sharma
In the present paper, filamentous structure formation, associated turbulent spectrum, and density cavity formation phenomena have been investigated for low- β plasma β ≪ m e / m i applicable to the auroral region. A set of dimensionless equations governing the dynamics of three dimensionally propagating inertial Alfvén wave (3D-IAW) and perpendicularly propagating magnetosonic wave (PMSW) has been
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Longitudinal Beam Dynamics for the Heavy-Ion Synchrotron Booster Ring at HIAF Laser Part. Beams (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2021-11-20 D. Y. Yin,J. Liu,G. D. Shen,H. Du,J. C. Yang,L. J. Mao,F. C. Cai,W. P. Chai
To accelerate high-intensity heavy-ion beams to high energy in the booster ring (BRing) at the High-Intensity Heavy-Ion Accelerator Facility (HIAF) project, we take the typical reference particle 238U35+, which can be accelerated from an injection energy of 17 MeV/u to the maximal extraction energy of 830 MeV/u, as an example to study the basic processes of longitudinal beam dynamics, including beam
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A Compact High-Power Ultra-Wideband Bipolar Pulse Generator Laser Part. Beams (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2021-10-16 Zhaoyang Wu,Wei Lu,Enyan Ding,Xiangyang Bao,Zhoubing Yang,Falun Song
A compact high-power ultra-wideband bipolar pulse generator based on a modified Marx circuit is designed, which is mainly composed of a primary power supply, Marx generator, sharpening and cutoff subnanosecond spark gap switches, and coaxial transmission lines. The Marx generator with modified circuit structure has thirty-two stages and is composed of eight disk-like modules. Each module consists of
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Path Encoding Pulse Compression for Obtaining Novel HPM with Ultrahigh Repetition Frequency Laser Part. Beams (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2021-09-07 Jinyong Fang,Jiangniu Wu,Huijun Huang,Haoliang Zhang,Jing Sun,Jianjun Wang,Li Li
Based on the path encoding pulse compression teleology, a novel method for obtaining high-power microwave (HPM) pulse with ultrahigh repetition frequency is proposed in this paper. The mechanism of the path encoding pulse compression teleology is first introduced. And then, the obtained HPM pulse is analyzed. Theoretical analysis shows that the peak power of MW level and the repetition frequency of
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Characterization of Energetic Protons Generated in the ShenGuang-II UP Petawatt Laser Interactions with Foil Targets Laser Part. Beams (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2021-08-17 Huiya Liu,Anle Lei,Ning Kang,Honghai An,Zhiyong Xie,Yao Zhao,Shenlei Zhou,Mingying Sun,Baoqiang Zhu,Wei Wang,Jianqiang Zhu
The characterization of energetic protons generated in the ShenGuang-II UP petawatt laser interactions with foil targets has been systematically studied. The proton energy spectra and angular distributions are measured with a radiochromic film stack. It shows that the proton energy spectra have a Boltzmann distribution with temperature of about 2.8 MeV and cutoff energy of about 20 MeV. The divergence
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Modeling of High-Energy Particles and Radiation Production for Multipetawatt Laser Facilities Laser Part. Beams (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2021-08-11 D. Raffestin,D. Batani,J. Caron,J. Baggio,G. Boutoux,Ph. Nicolaï,J.-L. Feugeas,V. T. Tikhonchuk,E. d’Humières
The advent of high-energy short-pulse laser beams poses new problems related to radiation protection. The radiation generated in experiments using multipetawatt laser systems leads to prompt doses and potentially to the activation of the materials within the interaction chamber and the experimental hall. Despite many new PW laser facilities are nowadays entering into operation, this question has received
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Enhanced Proton Acceleration by Laser-Driven Collisionless Shock in the Near-Critical Density Target Embedding with Solid Nanolayers Laser Part. Beams (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2021-06-24 Yue Chao,Xinxin Yan,Rui Xie,Lihua Cao,Chunyang Zheng,Zhanjun Liu,Xiantu He
Effects of solid nanolayers embedded in a near-critical density plasma on the laser-driven collisionless shock acceleration are investigated by using two-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations. Due to the interaction of nanolayers and the incident laser, an additional number of hot electrons are generated and an inhomogeneous magnetic field is induced. As a result, the collisionless shock is reinforced
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Correlation between Photoluminescence Properties of Surface Defects and Laser-Induced Damage Threshold of Fused Silica Laser Part. Beams (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2021-06-22 Qiao Chen,He Wang,Rucheng Dai,Zhongping Wang,Xiaoping Tao,Wei Zhao,Zengming Zhang
Laser-induced damage threshold is the main limitation for fused silica optics in high-power laser applications. The existence of various defects near the surface is the key factor for the degradation of the threshold. In this work, the photoluminescence spectra at different regions of the damaged and recovered fused silica samples are recorded to analyze the correlation between photoluminescence of
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Direct Laser-Driven Electron Acceleration and Energy Gain in Helical Beams Laser Part. Beams (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2021-05-31 Etele Molnár,Dan Stutman
A detailed study of direct laser-driven electron acceleration in paraxial Laguerre–Gaussian modes corresponding to helical beams LG 0 m with azimuthal modes m = 1,2,3,4,5 is presented. Due to the difference between the ponderomotive force of the fundamental Gaussian beam LG 00 and helical beams LG 0 m , we found that the optimal beam waist leading to the most energetic electrons at full width at half
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Stimulated Raman Scattering of X-Mode Laser in a Plasma Channel Laser Part. Beams (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2021-05-04 Sanjay Babu,Asheel Kumar,Ram Jeet,Arvind Kumar,Ashish Varma
Stimulated Raman forward scattering (SRFS) of an intense X-mode laser pump in a preformed parabolic plasma density profile is investigated. The laser pump excites a plasma wave and one/two electromagnetic sideband waves. In Raman forward scattering, the growth rate of the parametric instability scales as two-third powers of the pump amplitude and increases linearly with cyclotron frequency.
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Elimination of Secondary Neutrons from Laser Proton-Boron Fusion Laser Part. Beams (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2021-04-07 Heinrich Hora,Shalom Eliezer,Noaz Nissim
For low carbon energy generation, a very large exchange of electricity generators is existentially vital within the next number of years by power stations preferably at considerably low cost than the present installations. When considering the million times higher nuclear energy per reaction than chemical, the usual hydrogen fusion with abundant boron fuel is used for environmentally clean electricity
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Stopping Power Modulation by Pump Waves of Charged Particles Moving above Two-Dimensional Electron Gases Laser Part. Beams (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2021-03-30 Yahong Yang,Ya Zhang,Lin Yi,Wei Jiang
The perturbation electron density and stopping power caused by the movement of charged particles above two-dimensional quantum electron gases (2DQEG) have been studied in numerous works using the quantum hydrodynamic (QHD) theory. In this paper, the QHD is modified by introducing the two-dimensional electron exchange-correlation potential at high density V x c 2 DH and the pump wave modulations. Based
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The Charge State of Protons with 90 and 100 keV Energies Decelerated in Hydrogen Plasma Laser Part. Beams (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2021-02-27 Yu Lei,Rui Cheng,Yong Tao Zhao,Xian Ming Zhou,Yu Yu Wang,Yan Hong Chen,Zhao Wang,Ze Xian Zhou,Jie Yang,Xin Wen Ma
Energy loss of protons with 90 and 100 keV energies penetrating through a hydrogen plasma target has been measured, where the electron density of the plasma is about 1016 cm−3 and the electron temperature is about 1-2 eV. It is found that the energy loss of protons in the plasma is obviously larger than that in cold gas and the experimental results based on the Bethe model calculations can be demonstrated
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An Axial Foilless Diode Guided by Composite Magnetic Field for the Production of Relativistic Electron Beams Laser Part. Beams (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2021-02-13 Chunxia Li,Xiao Jin,Ganping Wang,Beizhen Zhang,Haitao Gong,Yanqing Gan,Fei Li,Falun Song
Foilless diode are widely used in high-power microwave devices, but the traditional foilless diodes have large volume, heavy weight, and high power consumption, which are not conducive to the application of high-power microwave system on mobile platform. In order to reduce the size of the foilless diode, improve the transmission efficiency of electron beams, and reduce the weight and power consumption
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On Peculiarities of Betatron Oscillations of Accelerated Electron Bunches in Capillary Waveguides Laser Part. Beams (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2021-01-30 Mikhail Veysman
It is shown that the dynamics of electrons accelerated in narrow capillary waveguides is significantly influenced by the parametric excitation of their betatron oscillations. On the one hand, this excitation can irreversibly spoil the emittance of an accelerated electron bunch that limits the possibilities of their practical use. On the other hand, controlled parametric excitation of betatron oscillations
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Terahertz Radiation from a Plasma Cylinder with External Radial Electric and Axial Magnetic Fields Laser Part. Beams (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2021-01-29 L. H. Cao,Wei Yu,M. Y. Yu,C. Y. Yu
Terahertz (THz) radiation from a plasma cylinder with embedded radial electric and axial magnetic fields is investigated. The plasma density and the electric and magnetic fields are such that the electron plasma frequency is near the electron cyclotron frequency and in the THz regime. Two-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations show that the plasma electrons oscillate not only in the azimuthal direction
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A High-Power Pulse Generator Based on Pulse Forming Network and Linear Transformer Laser Part. Beams (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2021-01-28 Mingjia Li,Qiang Kang,Jie Tan,Min Luo,Fei Xiang
With the development of high-power microwave technology, the output power of the pulse generator is required more and more higher. In this paper, it is realized by increasing the output power of the module while the output impedance of the module changes little. The module of the generator is based on pulse forming network (PFN) and linear transformer (LT). Four Blumlein PFNs with arc-type configuration
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Influences of Analog-to-Digital Conversion Accuracy and Response Uniformity of CCD on Small-Scale Laser Focal Spot Measurements Laser Part. Beams (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2021-01-22 Xiaoyan Liu,Dexin Ba,Deqiang Jiao,Xiangxin Shao,Xin Mu,Ying Wang
The two-dimensional snake scanning of the CCD method provides an effective solution to measure small-scale light spots which are smaller than one CCD pixel. The influences of the A/D conversion digits and response uniformity of the CCD on the measurement error are studied. When the A/D conversion digit is 20, the measurement error can be ignored. The maximum error value of the nonuniform response of
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Interaction of Dust-Acoustic Shock Waves in a Magnetized Dusty Plasma under the Influence of Polarization Force Laser Part. Beams (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2021-01-20 N. S. Saini,Kuldeep Singh,Papihra Sethi
The interaction of dust-acoustic (DA) shock waves in a magnetized dusty plasma under the influence of nonextensively modified polarization force is investigated. The plasma model consists of negatively charged dust, Maxwellian electrons, nonextensive ions, and polarization force. In this investigation, we have derived the expression of polarization force in the presence of nonextensive ions and illustrated
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Energy Dependency of Proton-Induced Outer-Shell Multiple Ionization for 48Cd and 49In Laser Part. Beams (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2021-01-20 Xianming Zhou,Jing Wei,Rui Cheng,Yanhong Chen,Yongtao Zhao,Xiaoan Zhang
L subshell X-rays of 48Cd and 49In have been measured for the impact of protons with energies from 75 to 250 keV. Obviously, it is found that Lγ2 (abbreviation Lγ2,3 for 48Cd and Lγ2,3,4 for 49In) X-ray emission is enhanced in comparison with Lγ1 X-ray emission. The relative intensity ratios of Lγ2 to Lγ1 X-ray are larger than the atomic data and increase with decreasing proton energy. This is caused
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Ultrafast High-Energy Electron Radiography Application in Magnetic Field Delicate Structure Measurement Laser Part. Beams (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2021-01-19 J. H. Xiao,Y. C. Du,S. Z. Zhang,Y. T. Zhao
Transient electromagnetic field plays very important roles in the evolution of high-energy-density matter or laser plasma. Now, a new design is proposed in this paper to diagnose the transient magnetic field, using relativistic electron bunch as a probe based on high-energy electron radiography. And based on this scheme, the continuous distribution of magnetic strength field can be snapshotted. For
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Comparison of Influence of the Fast Atom Beam and Ion Beam on the Metal Target Laser Part. Beams (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2021-01-12 A. Pushkarev,A. Prima,V. Myshkin,N. Chistyakova,V. Ezhov
A comparative analysis of a fast atom beam and ion beam effect on a metal target in the binary collision model is performed. Irradiation by fast atoms has been shown to more closely correspond to neutron radiation in a nuclear reactor, in terms of the primary knocked-on atom spectrum and the efficiency and mechanism of the radiation defect formation. It was found that upon irradiation by fast carbon
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Formation of H3O+ in the Ionization and Fragmentation of Ethanol Induced by Electron Beam Irradiation Laser Part. Beams (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2021-01-07 Chao Ma,Jiaqi Zhou,Enliang Wang,Tao Yang,Zhongfeng Xu,Shaokui Jia,Alexander Dorn,Xueguang Ren
The single ionization and dissociation of ethanol molecules induced by low-energy electrons ( E 0 = 90 eV ) are investigated using multiparticle coincident momentum spectroscopy. By detecting two outgoing electrons ( e 1 and e 2 ) and one fragment ion in coincidence, we obtain the energy deposition ( E 0 − E 1 − E 2 ) during electron ionization of the molecule, i.e., the binding energy spectra, for
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Determination of the Pulsed Electron Beam Spectrum by Current and Voltage Oscillograms Laser Part. Beams (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2021-01-07 A. Pushkarev,A. Prima,V. Ezhov,I. Miloichikova,E. Petrenko
The algorithm and results of calculating the integral and differential energy spectra of a pulsed electron beam (350–500 keV, 80 ns), generated by direct-action accelerators, are presented. The electron spectrum was calculated using the oscillograms of the accelerating voltage, electron current, total current of the diode, and the one-dimensional Child–Langmuir (1D CL) ratio. It was found that the
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Relativistic self-focusing in the interaction of laser beam and plasma with periodical density ripple Laser Part. Beams (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2020-10-14 Geng Zhang, Qiuqun Liang, Xiongping Xia
In the paper, relativistic self-focusing in the interaction of laser beam and plasma with periodical density ripple has been studied by the applied WKB approximation and higher-order paraxial theory. The result shows that under the influence of relativistic nonlinear effect, the dielectric function shows the fierce oscillational variation with similar periodicity, which then leads to the intense relativistic
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Relativistic cavity, possibilities, and advantages Laser Part. Beams (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2020-10-15 Saeed Mirzanejhad, Farshad Sohbatzadeh, Fatemeh Shams
The relativistic mirror (RM) is an interesting subject which introduced in the nonlinear regime of the laser–plasma interaction. Reflection of counter-propagating probe pulse from relativistic flying mirror has some excellent features, such as frequency up-shifting and compressing by a factor of 4γ2. In the high-intensity laser–plasma interaction, sometimes a sequence of RMs creates. For example, electron
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Accurate model for the ultra-relativistic interactions between laser beams and electrons Laser Part. Beams (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2020-10-20 Alexandru Popa
We present an accurate approach of the basic ultra-relativistic effects which occur at the interactions between laser beams and electrons and correspond to laser beam intensities greater than 1020 W/cm2. These effects are the generation of extremely bright pulses and the existence of a very large frequency spectrum of the radiation generated by this interaction, containing relative intense harmonics