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High-sensitivity refractive index sensor based on strong localized surface plasmon resonance J. Opt. Soc. Am. A (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-15 Hanwen Chen, Xiangxian Wang, Yizhen Chen, Xijun Rao, Huirong Zhu, Hua Yang, and Yunping Qi
This study proposes two types of composite structures based on gold nano circular and nano square rings on a gold thin film for plasmonic refractive index sensing. The finite-difference time-domain method was used for simulation and analysis. The nano square ring composite structure showed superior performance, with five surface plasmon resonance modes, and a peak sensitivity and figure of merit in
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Bootstrap geometric ground calibration method for wide angle star sensors J. Opt. Soc. Am. A (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-15 Samuel Teague and Javaan Chahl
Wide angle star sensors are becoming more prevalent in aeronautics. A wide angle lens provides a greater field of view for star detection, but consequently incurs significant lens distortion. The effects of distortion complicate star identification, causing algorithms to fail or report false identifications. We address the issue of calibrating a wide angle star sensor without any specialized equipment
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Neural network classification of beams carrying orbital angular momentum after propagating through controlled experimentally generated optical turbulence J. Opt. Soc. Am. A (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-14 William A. Jarrett, Svetlana Avramov-Zamurovic, Joel M. Esposito, K. Peter Judd, and Charles Nelson
We generate an alphabet of spatially multiplexed Laguerre–Gaussian beams carrying orbital angular momentum, which are demultiplexed at reception by a convolutional neural network (CNN). In this investigation, a methodology for optimizing alphabet design for best classification rates is proposed, and three 256-symbol alphabets are designed for performance evaluation in optical turbulence. The beams
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Polarization coherence frustration J. Opt. Soc. Am. A (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-14 Philippe Réfrégier and Julien Fade
From the joint analysis of polarization and coherence properties of light, a remarkable concept referred to as polarization coherence frustration is introduced and analyzed. It is shown that two kinds of partially polarized and partially coherent light, with different levels of complexity, can be distinguished and that they mathematically correspond to different equivalence classes. On the one hand
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Multispectral image defogging based on a wavelength-dependent extinction coefficient model in fog J. Opt. Soc. Am. A (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-13 Feng Huang, Chaozhen Ke, Xianyu Wu, Cuixia Guo, and Yu Liu
Most of the state-of-the-art defogging models presented in the literature assume that the attenuation coefficient of all spectral channels is constant, which inevitably leads to spectral distortion and information bias. To address this issue, this paper proposes a defogging method that takes into account the difference between the extinction coefficients of multispectral channels of light traveling
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Nonstationary optics: tutorial J. Opt. Soc. Am. A (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 Matias Koivurova, Jyrki Laatikainen, and Ari T. Friberg
Over the past several decades, nonstationary optics has risen as a key enabling technology for a multitude of novel applications. These include areas of research such as micromachining and ultrafast optics, as well as the Nobel awarded research in femtochemistry, optical frequency combs, and attosecond physics. This tutorial aims to present some of the main concepts required to analyze nonstationary
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Optimization analysis of a Stokes polarimeter for broadband liquid crystal variable retarders under the optimal objective function J. Opt. Soc. Am. A (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-08 Lingying Chang, Jiayi Li, Youbiao Zhang, Yuping Yin, and Jingyi Liu
A liquid crystal variable retarder (LCVR) is the core device to realize fast and high-precision broadband polarization imaging, and its ability to suppress the noise will have an impact on the polarization measurement results. In order to obtain better imaging quality and measurement accuracy, it is crucial to solve the optimization problem of the LCVR. In this paper, the optimal objective function
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Absorption-invariant focusing efficiency for wavefront-shaping controlled reflection from absorbing disordered media J. Opt. Soc. Am. A (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-06 Benjamin R. Anderson, Ray Gunawidjaja, and Hergen Eilers
We numerically model the influence of absorption on wavefront-shaping controlled reflection from absorbing disordered media and provide experimental verification of our model. We find that absorption modifies the reflection eigenvalue density, the average reflectance, and the reflection matrix element density. However, we also find that despite these effects, the efficiency of wavefront-shaping controlled
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High-sensitivity dual U-shaped PCF-SPR refractive index sensor for the detection of gas and liquid analytes J. Opt. Soc. Am. A (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-06 Xingdi Luo, Wei Liu, Jingwei Lv, Lin Yang, Jianxin Wang, Paul K. Chu, and Chao Liu
A dual U-shaped photonic crystal fiber (PCF) biochemical sensor based on surface plasmon resonance (SPR) is designed for the simultaneous detection of gas and liquid analytes, and the properties are analyzed by the full vector finite element method (FEM). SPR is excited by placing gold nanowires on the inner surface of the U-shaped device. In this technique, the traditional metal deposition process
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Extended just-noticeable difference for ultralow-luminance displays used in diagnostic imaging J. Opt. Soc. Am. A (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-04 Takushi Kawamorita, Tetsuya Yasuda, Takashi Ota, Tatsuya Iizuka, Makiko Miyasaka, Noritaka Mamorita, and Tomoya Handa
This study investigates the just-noticeable difference (JND) in luminance below the 0.050cd/m2 threshold not covered by the DICOM standard in medical imaging displays. A total of 21 healthy young adults were tested using an ultralow-luminance liquid crystal display at a viewing distance of 46 cm. The optotype featured a 4 cycle/deg rectangular wave-like stripe. The average percentage of correct responses
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Matrix formulation of the Gaussian expansion of coherent multiple beams in arbitrary dimensions J. Opt. Soc. Am. A (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-27 H. Coïc, Y. Abdelmoumni-Prunes, C. Rouyer, and N. Bonod
Modeling the propagation of beams along laser beamlines is very challenging due to the multidimensional and multiscale configuration of the problem. Spatio-temporal couplings are particularly difficult to address with conventional numerical methods. Here we derive the Wigner function of a sum of Gaussian beams by calculating the multidimensional Fourier transform of the intercorrelation function of
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Digital Holography and 3D Imaging: introduction to the joint feature issue in Applied Optics and Journal of the Optical Society of America A J. Opt. Soc. Am. A (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-26 Pierre-Alexandre Blanche, Chau-Jern Cheng, Pietro Ferraro, Yaping Zhang, and Zhehui (Jeph) Wang
The Optica Topical Meeting on Digital Holography and 3D Imaging (DH) was held 14–17 August 2023 in Boston, Massachusetts. The meeting was organized co-jointly with the Optica Imaging Congress. Feature issues based on the DH meeting series have been released by Applied Optics (AO) since 2007. Since 2017, AO and the Journal of the Optical Society of America A (JOSA A) have presented a feature issue in
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Center extraction method for reflected metallic surface fringes based on line structured light J. Opt. Soc. Am. A (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-26 Limei Song, Jinsheng He, and Yunpeng Li
Using line structured light to measure metal surface topography, the extraction error of the stripe center is significant due to the influence of the optical characteristics of the metal surface and the scattering noise. This paper proposes a sub-pixel stripe center extraction method based on adaptive threshold segmentation and a gradient weighting strategy to address this issue. First, we analyze
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Single-stage approach for estimating optical parameters in spectral quantitative photoacoustic tomography J. Opt. Soc. Am. A (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-26 Miika Suhonen, Aki Pulkkinen, and Tanja Tarvainen
In quantitative photoacoustic tomography, the optical parameters of a target, most importantly the concentrations of chromophores such as deoxygenated and oxygenated hemoglobin, are estimated from photoacoustic data measured on the boundary of the target. In this work, a numerical approximation of a forward model for spectral quantitative photoacoustic tomography is constructed by utilizing the diffusion
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Propagation properties of elegant modified Bessel Gaussian beams J. Opt. Soc. Am. A (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-26 Chaohong Huang, Xiao Liu, Yanjing Li, Yutian Lin, Yangying Xu, Kunmin Yang, and Yongtong Zhao
A kind of optical beam with a radially parabolic propagating manner and intensity decay inversely proportional to propagating distance in the far field is investigated. The initial complex amplitudes of this kind of beam have the form of a Gaussian function multiplied by a m/2 -order modified Bessel function and a helical phase factor with topological charge m . The arguments for Bessel and Gauss parts
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Psychophysical determination of boundaries and smoothness of color gradients J. Opt. Soc. Am. A (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-27 Nian Xiong and Renzo Shamey
Color gradients constitute an important component in the evaluation of the color quality of multicolored patterns that contain color transitions. A two-part psychophysical study was designed and employed to test the appearance of a set of hue-, chroma-, or lightness-based color gradients. The influence of several parameters on the visual determination of gradients’ boundaries and perceived smoothness
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Affine diffractive beam dividers J. Opt. Soc. Am. A (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-22 F. Gori, R. Martínez-Herrero, O. Korotkova, G. Piquero, J. C. G. de Sande, G. Schettini, F. Frezza, and M. Santarsiero
Diffractive optical elements that divide an input beam into a set of replicas are used in many optical applications ranging from image processing to communications. Their design requires time-consuming optimization processes, which, for a given number of generated beams, are to be separately treated for one-dimensional and two-dimensional cases because the corresponding optimal efficiencies may be
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Improving RGB illuminant estimation exploiting spectral average radiance J. Opt. Soc. Am. A (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-22 Ilaria Erba, Marco Buzzelli, Jean-Baptiste Thomas, Jon Yngve Hardeberg, and Raimondo Schettini
We introduce a method that enhances RGB color constancy accuracy by combining neural network and k -means clustering techniques. Our approach stands out from previous works because we combine multispectral and color information together to estimate illuminants. Furthermore, we investigate the combination of the illuminant estimation in the RGB color and in the spectral domains, as a strategy to provide
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Dynamic projection mapping for non-planar objects with a variable focus lens and visual feedback J. Opt. Soc. Am. A (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-20 Shangen Tang, Lihui Wang, Fengnian Song, and Shaoyong Li
Dynamic projection mapping for moving objects has attracted much attention in recent years. However, conventional approaches have faced some issues, such as the target objects being limited to the moving speed of the objects, the limitation of the narrow depth-of-field optics, and the planar shape objects. This work proposed an adaptive three-dimensional projection prototype, and it could project an
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Real-time binocular visual localization system based on the improved BGNet stereo matching framework J. Opt. Soc. Am. A (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-20 Zanxi Qu, Li Li, Weiqi Jin, and Ye Yang
Binocular vision technology is widely used to acquire three-dimensional information of images because of its low cost. In recent years, the use of deep learning for stereo matching has shown promising results in improving the measurement stability of binocular vision systems, but the real-time performance in high-precision networks is typically poor. Therefore, this study constructed a deep-learning-based
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Phasing segmented telescopes via deep learning methods: application to a deployable CubeSat J. Opt. Soc. Am. A (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-20 Maxime Dumont, Carlos M. Correia, Jean-François Sauvage, Noah Schwartz, Morgan Gray, and Jaime Cardoso
Capturing high-resolution imagery of the Earth’s surface often calls for a telescope of considerable size, even from low Earth orbits (LEOs). A large aperture often requires large and expensive platforms. For instance, achieving a resolution of 1 m at visible wavelengths from LEO typically requires an aperture diameter of at least 30 cm. Additionally, ensuring high revisit times often prompts the use
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Nighttime color constancy using robust gray pixels J. Opt. Soc. Am. A (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-20 Cheng Cheng, Kai-Fu Yang, Xue-Mei Wan, Leanne Lai Hang Chan, and Yong-Jie Li
Color constancy is a basic step for achieving stable color perception in both biological visual systems and the image signal processing (ISP) pipeline of cameras. So far, there have been numerous computational models of color constancy that focus on scenes under normal light conditions but are less concerned with nighttime scenes. Compared with daytime scenes, nighttime scenes usually suffer from relatively
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Design methodology for catadioptric zoom panoramic optical systems based on image plane bending matched correction J. Opt. Soc. Am. A (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-15 ZhiYing Liu, ShaoKang Jin, YunHan Huang, and SongKun Liu
Zoom panoramic optical systems incorporate a panoramic peripheral vision zoom imaging function, enabling swift wide-area coarse and localized precise detection. These systems find applicability in examining pipes and other internal structures. This study centers on the catadioptric zoom panoramic optical system and its associated optical design method. A mathematical model of the front mirror was formulated
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Improving energy efficiency: a highly efficient coaxial design for a laser ranging system with a splicing lens J. Opt. Soc. Am. A (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-15 Shuixin Pan, Jinlin Cui, Yueqiang Zhang, Biao Hu, Xiaolin Liu, and Qifeng Yu
Light detection and ranging (LiDAR) systems have made significant contributions in different applications. The laser ranging (LR) system is one of the core components of LiDARs. However, existing coaxial LR systems suffer from low energy efficiency due to obstruction of the reflection mirror. In this study, we carefully design a laser transmitter and receiver subsystem and consequently propose a highly
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Modeling and oblique transmission characteristics of an underwater wireless optical communication channel based on ocean depth layering J. Opt. Soc. Am. A (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-13 Dan Chen, Peiyan Zhao, Linhai Tang, and Minyan Wang
Underwater wireless optical communication is widely considered in the field of underwater communication due to its high bandwidth and low latency. In a real transmission link, the temperature and salinity of seawater, chlorophyll concentration, and bubble density vary with ocean depth. Therefore, the depth of the optical transmitter in seawater and the tilt angle of the beam will exhibit different
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Visions of invisibility in optics: retrospective J. Opt. Soc. Am. A (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-13 Greg Gbur
Invisibility was long thought to be exclusively the domain of science fiction and fantasy authors, but in recent years it has been the subject of extensive theoretical and experimental research. In this retrospective we look back on the evolution of invisibility in science, from the earliest hints of invisible objects in the late 19th century up to the modern concepts of cloaking, and some of the connections
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Binary image encryption with a QR code-encoded optical beam having an array of vortices J. Opt. Soc. Am. A (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-13 Allarakha Shikder, Sonu Kumar Rao, Praveen Kumar, and Naveen K. Nishchal
In recent years, optical information processing has become increasingly important due to its ability to handle large amounts of data efficiently. Amplitude, phase, spatial frequency, wavelength, and polarization are the physical dimensions used for information encoding into the light beam. Information encoding using orbital angular momentum (OAM) carried by a vortex beam is gaining interest in this
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Enhancing 3D human pose estimation with NIR single-pixel imaging and time-of-flight technology: a deep learning approach J. Opt. Soc. Am. A (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-13 Carlos Osorio Quero, Daniel Durini, Jose Rangel-Magdaleno, Jose Martinez-Carranza, and Ruben Ramos-Garcia
The extraction of 3D human pose and body shape details from a single monocular image is a significant challenge in computer vision. Traditional methods use RGB images, but these are constrained by varying lighting and occlusions. However, cutting-edge developments in imaging technologies have introduced new techniques such as single-pixel imaging (SPI) that can surmount these hurdles. In the near-infrared
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Multiuser medical image encryption algorithm using phase-only CGH in the gyrator domain J. Opt. Soc. Am. A (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-07 Raman Yadav, Sachin, and Phool Singh
In this paper, a multiuser medical image encryption algorithm is proposed. The proposed algorithm utilizes polar decomposition, which enables multiuser features in the proposed algorithm. A computer-generated hologram (CGH) improves the security of the proposed algorithm in the gyrator domain. The phase-only CGH-based multiuser algorithm offers advantages such as storing a large amount of information
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Point cloud holographic encryption display system involving 3D face recognition and air-writing J. Opt. Soc. Am. A (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-06 Jia-Hui Ji, Yu Zhao, Jing-Wen Bu, Tao Zhang, Li Ming Zhu, and Yuan Huang
In this study, we proposed a holographic identity verification encryption system that integrates face recognition, air-writing, and the multiple point cloud gridding encryption (M-PCGE) method to ensure multi-level security for objects. The experimental results show that the M-PCGE algorithm proposed in this paper achieves image encryption and decryption quickly with a high degree of restoration, and
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Real-time phase retrieval in division of aperture microscopy with the transport of intensity equation J. Opt. Soc. Am. A (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-06 Ariel Fernández, Juan M. Llaguno, Alejandro Silva, and Julia R. Alonso
The transport of intensity equation (TIE) allows to recover the phase of a microscopy sample from differently focused intensity measures along the axial direction of its optical field. In the present work, we propose a cost-effective technique for snapshot phase retrieval with TIE. The optics of a commercially available camera is replaced with a doublet system consisting of a microscope objective and
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Dish spliced concentrator with both uniform and focused performance through a variable focal length J. Opt. Soc. Am. A (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-06 Peiyuan Wang, Shuaikang Fu, Ping Jiang, Yan Qin, Jianing Liu, Chaoxiang Wang, Chenxi Bai, and Huajun Yang
We present a dish spliced concentrator (DSC) featuring hexagonal spherical sub-mirrors of uniform size. The DSC offers advantages over traditional parabolic dish concentrators, including a compact layout, cost-effectiveness, higher concentration ratio, and improved light uniformity. Its versatility allows for both uniform and focused light concentration by adjusting parameters like the focal length
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Exciting space-time surface plasmon polaritons by irradiating a nanoslit structure J. Opt. Soc. Am. A (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-06 Naoki Ichiji, Murat Yessenov, Kenneth L. Schepler, Ayman F. Abouraddy, and Atsushi Kubo
Space-time (ST) wave packets are propagation-invariant pulsed optical beams that travel freely in dielectrics at a tunable group velocity without diffraction or dispersion. Because ST wave packets maintain these characteristics even when only one transverse dimension is considered, they can realize surface-bound waves (e.g., surface plasmon polaritons at a metal-dielectric interface, which we call
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Transformations of the transverse Poynting vector distribution upon diffraction of a circularly polarized paraxial beam J. Opt. Soc. Am. A (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-05 I. Mokhun, Y. Galushko, Y. Viktorovskaya, M. Karabchyivskyi, and A. Bekshaev
Usually, the structure of paraxial light beams is characterized by the intensity associated with distribution of the longitudinal energy flow density (Poynting momentum) across the transverse plane. In this work, special attention is paid to the distribution of internal energy flows described by the transverse Poynting momentum (TPM) components. This approach discloses additional polarization-dependent
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High sensitivity Sagnac interferometric temperature sensor using stress region refractive index modulation J. Opt. Soc. Am. A (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-05 Juan Ruan, Xin Li, Ziqin Yang, Haiping Li, Junhui Hu, Jianjun Chen, and Zhangliang Xu
An all-fiber temperature sensor employing intentional refractive index modulation is experimentally demonstrated. The sensor consists of four sections of polarization maintaining fiber (FPMF) sandwiched between multi-mode fiber (MMF). The stress region of two sections of polarization maintaining fibers (PMFs) is aligned and then anti-clockwise rotates one PMF in 10 deg angles while the other keeps
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Welcoming 2024: editorial J. Opt. Soc. Am. A (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2024-01-30 Olga Korotkova
Editor-in-Chief Olga Korotkova summarizes the Journal’s progress in 2023, outlines near-future plans, and introduces the editors who recently joined the board.
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Fourier reciprocity between generalized elliptical Gaussian and elegant elliptical Hermite-Gaussian beams carrying orbital angular momenta J. Opt. Soc. Am. A (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2024-01-30 Davud Hebri, Saifollah Rasouli, and Sergey Ponomarenko
We explore two distinct families of orbital angular momentum carrying light beams, which we refer to as generalized elliptical Gaussian and elegant elliptical Hermite-Gaussian vortex beams, respectively. We show that the fields of the two vortex families are related via a Fourier transform. Hence, one family can be viewed as a source of the far-field intensity distribution of the other and vice versa
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High FOM PCF-SPR refractive index sensor based on MgF2-Au double-layer films J. Opt. Soc. Am. A (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Qiang Liu, Kaiyu Wang, Xinrui Li, Wei Liu, Tingting Lv, Xueyan Zhao, Jingwei Lv, Paul K. Chu, and Chao Liu
A simple twin-core D-shape photonic crystal fiber sensor based on surface plasmon resonance (SPR) is designed for the measurement of refractive indices (RI). The twin-core D-shape structure enhances the SPR effect, and the MgF2 -Au dual-layer film narrows the linewidth in the loss spectrum, consequently improving both the sensitivity and figure of merit (FOM). The properties of the sensor are analyzed
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Coherent full microwave scattering formulation for random layered media J. Opt. Soc. Am. A (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Esteban Calzetta and Mariano Franco
We present a fully coherent, analytic model of the backscattering intensity in all HH, HV, VH , and VV channels, for the volume scattering of radiation from a layer of finite thickness, such as a vegetation layer over bare soil. We aim for a simple, not numerically intensive, model that could be used either as a forward model in a Bayesian estimation scheme, or else as a preliminary means to identify
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Propagation properties of a partially coherent electromagnetic hyperbolic-sine-Gaussian vortex beam through anisotropic atmospheric turbulence J. Opt. Soc. Am. A (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-02 Jin Cao, Rufeng Tang, Kai Huang, Yuqiang Li, and Yonggen Xu
Using the extended Huygens–Fresnel principle and the Rytov approximation, the analytical formula for the propagation of a partially coherent electromagnetic hyperbolic-sine-Gaussian vortex beam (PCEShVB) in anisotropic atmospheric turbulence has been theoretically derived. Detailed studies have been conducted on the evolution characteristics of the average intensity, the degree of coherence (DOC),
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Abrupt autofocusing beam from a phase-only mask J. Opt. Soc. Am. A (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-02 Sunil Vyas, Cheng Hung Chu, J. Andrew Yeh, and Yuan Luo
Airy beams have become an important beam shape for structured light beams because of their interesting self-accelerating and parabolic propagation properties. Many variants of Airy beams have been proposed, among which the Airy beam with cylindrical symmetry [also known as the circular Airy beam or abrupt autofocusing (AAF) beam] is particularly peculiar and has attracted special attention due to its
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Dual-band topological rainbows in Penrose-triangle photonic crystals J. Opt. Soc. Am. A (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Qingxi Xu, Yuchen Peng, Aoqian Shi, Peng Peng, and Jianjun Liu
Topological rainbows (TRs) possess the potential to separate and localize topological photonic states across different frequencies. However, previous works on TRs have been confined to a single-frequency band. Furthermore, the achievement of multiband TRs within a single structure is still a significant challenge. In this paper, a composed structure waveguide is designed based on Penrose-triangle photonic
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Rendering of 3D scenes in analytical polygon-based computer holography with texture mapping J. Opt. Soc. Am. A (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2024-01-31 Wenlong Qin, Qinyang Fu, Yaping Zhang, Bing Zhang, Pin Wang, Ting-Chung Poon, and Xianfeng Gu
A computer-generated hologram (CGH) is a technique that generates an object light field by superimposing elementary holograms. Unlike traditional holography, this technique does not require the generation of an additional reference light to interfere with the calculated object light field. Texture mapping is a method that enhances the realism of 3D scenes. A fast method is presented that allows users
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Effective cross-sensor color constancy using a dual-mapping strategy J. Opt. Soc. Am. A (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2024-01-26 Shuwei Yue and Minchen Wei
Deep neural networks (DNNs) have been widely used for illuminant estimation, which commonly requires great efforts to collect sensor-specific data. In this paper, we propose a dual-mapping strategy—the DMCC method. It only requires the white points captured by the training and testing sensors under a D65 condition to reconstruct the image and illuminant data, and then maps the reconstructed image into
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Maximum-likelihood time-of-arrival estimation for saturated optical transient signals J. Opt. Soc. Am. A (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2024-01-24 Matthew J. Kagie and Aaron D. Lanterman
We employ right-censored Poisson point process models to develop maximum-likelihood procedures for estimating the time of arrival of transient optical signals subject to saturation distortion. The Poisson intensity is modeled as a template with an unknown scaling factor with additive background counts. Using Monte Carlo simulations, we explore the performance of different algorithms as a function of
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Rationalized diffraction calculations for high accuracy and high speed with few bits J. Opt. Soc. Am. A (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2024-01-23 Soma Fujimori, Tomoyoshi Ito, and Tomoyoshi Shimobaba
Diffraction calculations in few-bit formats, such as single-precision floating-point and fixed-point numbers, are important because they yield faster calculations and lower memory usage. However, these methods suffer from low accuracy owing to the loss of trailing digits. Fresnel diffraction is widely known to prevent the loss of trailing digits. However, it can only be used when the paraxial approximation
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Optical diffraction properties of three superimposed self-organized nanostructures induced by a laser process J. Opt. Soc. Am. A (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2024-01-23 Van Doan Le and Nathalie Destouches
Controlling the diffraction properties of materials over a large area holds great promise for a wide range of optical applications. Laser-based techniques have emerged as a viable solution to address this need. Here, we present the diffraction properties of laser-induced self-organized structures, which consist of three interlaced grating-like structures: self-organized nanoparticles, self-organized
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Image dehazing combining polarization properties and deep learning J. Opt. Soc. Am. A (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2024-01-23 Ke Suo, Yaowen Lv, Jiachao Yin, Yang Yang, and Xi Huang
In order to solve the problems of color shift and incomplete dehazing after image dehazing, this paper proposes an improved image self-supervised learning dehazing algorithm that combines polarization characteristics and deep learning. First, based on the YOLY network framework, a multiscale module and an attention mechanism module are introduced into the transmission feature estimation network. This
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Controlled experimental generation of perturbed high-order Ince–Gaussian laser modes J. Opt. Soc. Am. A (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2024-01-19 Hemant Kumar Meena, Bhavesh Pant, and Brijesh Kumar Singh
We present an experimental approach for generating perturbed high-order Ince–Gaussian laser modes by transforming the low and moderate-intensity lobes of high-order Ince–Gaussian (IG) modes into high-intensity lobes and vice versa. This perturbation reshuffles optical energy among the different lobes and generates new, to the best of our knowledge, modulated Ince–Gaussian (MIG) modes. Computer-generated
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Linear fitting of biconic surfaces for corneal modeling J. Opt. Soc. Am. A (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2024-01-19 Iñaki Blanco-Martínez, José Manuel González-Méijome, and Miguel Faria-Ribeiro
This paper presents a method for reconstructing the corneal surface. The proposed method was tested in 56 healthy and 15 post-orthokeratology corneas. The Medmont E300 Corneal Topographer was used to measure the anterior corneal elevation, and custom MATLAB scripts were employed for data analysis, fitting, and other computational processes. The results obtained were compared with the fitting to an
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Generation and propagation properties of Bessel–Gaussian beams with a rotationally symmetric power-exponent-phase vortex J. Opt. Soc. Am. A (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2024-01-19 Yuqi Pan, Jiantai Dou, Jiaqing Xu, Bo Li, and Youyou Hu
In this paper, the generation and propagation properties of Bessel–Gaussian (BG) rotationally symmetric power-exponent-phase vortex beam (RSPEPVBs) were demonstrated and discussed. The results showed that the BG-RSPEPVBs can be directly generated based on the spatial light modulator, of which the phase singularities were verified by the interference patterns with the plane wave. It can be found that
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“Exact” solutions for the probability density functions of integrated Stokes parameters of partially polarized thermal light or polarization speckle J. Opt. Soc. Am. A (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2024-01-18 Wei Wang
As a continuation of a previous investigation on the temporal integration of partially polarized thermal light and/or the spatial integration of polarization speckle, we calculate more accurate probability density functions for integrated Stokes parameters. With the aid of the unitary linear transformation and the Karhunen–Loève expansion of the stochastic electric field, the light of interest has
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Internal mechanism of perfect-reflector-backed dielectric gratings to achieve 100% diffraction efficiency J. Opt. Soc. Am. A (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2024-01-18 Lifeng Li
The work started 20 years ago [Appl. Opt. 42, 6255 (2003) [CrossRef] ] investigating the physical mechanism of multilayer dielectric reflection gratings to achieve 100% diffraction efficiency is completed to offer much deeper insight than before. How different scattering matrix elements of the top periodic surface corrugation contribute to the −1 st-order efficiency of such a compound grating is unveiled
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Coherent correlator design analysis for the implementation of deep learning networks J. Opt. Soc. Am. A (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2024-01-18 Phil Birch, Habiba Akter, Rupert Young, and Chris Chatwin
Optical signal processing can reduce the electrical power consumption required over that required by graphically processing units. There remain a number of challenges to overcome. Noise is potentially much larger in optical systems than in their electronic counterparts, and some of the operations, such as a bias addition, are not easy to implement in free space processors. This paper analyzes a proposed
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Generation of the stable propagation Bessel beam and the axial multifoci beam with pure phase elements J. Opt. Soc. Am. A (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2024-01-17 Shan-Shan Liu, Xiao-Tong Zhang, Jia-Sheng Ye, Sheng-Fei Feng, Xin-Ke Wang, Peng Han, Wen-Feng Sun, and Yan Zhang
A recently proposed method is upgraded to convert two amplitude phase modulation systems (APMSs) to pure phase elements (PPEs), for generating the stable propagation Bessel beam and the axial multifoci beam, respectively. Phase functions of the PPEs are presented analytically. Numerical simulations by the complete Rayleigh–Sommerfeld method demonstrate that the converted PPE has implemented the same
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Key point calibrating and clustering for hard example mining of dense analogs in the fish-eye lens J. Opt. Soc. Am. A (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2024-01-12 Min Zeng, Zhi Chen, and Shengjian Wu
Recent years have witnessed widespread applications of the fish-eye lens with a wide field-of-view. However, its inherent distortion poses a big challenge to the intelligent recognition of dense analogs (IRDA) by convolutional neural networks (CNN). The major bottleneck of existing CNN models lies in their limited modeling capacity for distorted objects in fish-eye images, leading to the misclassification
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Experiment and theory of the complex refractive index of dense colloidal media J. Opt. Soc. Am. A (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2024-01-12 Peter N. A. Speets and Jeroen Kalkman
The complex refractive index is analyzed by measuring its scattering attenuation μs , group index ng , and group velocity dispersion (GVD) for 100 nm diameter silica nanoparticles dispersed in water. The experiments were performed for wavelengths between 410 nm and 930 nm. The experimental results were compared with different mixing models for the complex refractive index of colloidal suspensions.
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Unbiased centroiding of point targets close to the Cramer Rao limit J. Opt. Soc. Am. A (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2024-01-09 Gerald Hechenblaikner
Systematic errors affecting center-of-gravity (CoG) measurements may occur from coarse sampling of the point-spread-function (PSF) or from signal truncation at the boundaries of the region-of-interest (ROI). For small ROI and PSF widths, these effects are shown to become dominant, but this can be mitigated by introducing novel unbiased estimators that are largely free of systematic error and perform
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RGB color constancy using multispectral pixel information J. Opt. Soc. Am. A (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2024-01-09 Ilaria Erba, Marco Buzzelli, and Raimondo Schettini
Multispectral imaging is a technique that captures data across several bands of the light spectrum, and it can be useful in many computer vision fields, including color constancy. We propose a method that exploits multispectral imaging for illuminant estimation, and then applies illuminant correction in the raw RGB domain to achieve computational color constancy. Our proposed method is composed of
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Diffraction of light from a long rectangular phase slit J. Opt. Soc. Am. A (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2024-01-09 Ali Mahmoudi
The phenomenon of light diffraction from an opaque screen containing a long rectangular slit has a closed-form solution in the Fraunhofer regime, which is covered in the undergraduate physics curriculum and experimentally verified. Here, we examine the more general situation of a semi-transparent plane that contains a long rectangular slit. Our analysis reveals that the diffraction patterns differ