A new L-phenylalanine dehydrogenase (PHD) and Toluidine Blue O (TBO) based amperometric biosensor for the determination of L-phenylalanine was reported in this study. An amperometric L-phenylalanine biosensor with immobilization of TBO (as a mediator,), PDH and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD + ) onto polypyrrole-polyvinylsulphonate (PPy-PVS) film was accomplished on the surface of a platinum

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Recent advances in sensing technologies significantly improve the observability of engineering systems toward improved system controllability and reliability. Also, emerging sensing techniques integrate sensing elements with in-situ data processing to transform the sensors to be “smart.” The broad applications of smart sensing for health monitoring in engineering systems provide a large amount of data

In recent years, material printing on flexible and disposable substrates has received substantial interest for realizing low cost electronic and sensing systems on large-areas. As a result, new methods such as printing and additive manufacturing, etc. have received significant attention to develop a wide range of easily deployable systems such as displays, sensors, and RFID smart tags. The technologies

With rising hazardous organic vapours in the environment, the detection of volatile organic vapour compounds (VOCs) is becoming important. To this end, this paper presents a conductive droplet-based disposable sensor. Unlike conventional sensors, the droplet system is easily replaceable and is capable of detecting multiple vapours based on surface tension gradient. The chemiresistive sensor presented

Design and rapid prototyping of a tunable and compact microstrip antenna for industrial, scientific and medical (ISM) band applications is presented in this paper. Laser machining is introduced as a fast and accurate method for the antenna fabrication. The antenna, with an overall dimension of $65\times 46\times0.127$ mm, was fabricated by sandwiching a flexible Kapton polyimide substrate, with a dielectric

A novel capacitive pressure sensor based on micro-structured polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) dielectric layer was developed for wearable E-skin and touch sensing applications. The pressure sensor was fabricated on a flexible polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate, using PDMS and silver (Ag) as the dielectric and electrode layers, respectively. A set of PDMS films with pyramid shaped micro-structures

In this study, a dual-frame six-axis force and torque (F/T) sensor is proposed. The dual-frame F/T sensor consists of inner and outer elastic parts for simultaneously measuring ${F}_{x}$ , ${F}_{y}$ , and ${T}_{z}$ as well as ${T}_{x}$ , ${T}_{y}$ , and ${F}_{z}$ . Load–strain equations were derived according to beam theory and structure theory. These equations and optimization methods were used to

This paper presents the design and optimization of a novel eddy current speed sensor for rotating rods and cylindrical shafts. The sensor consists of one excitation coil and two pick-up coils. All coils are stationary; we consider air coils, and we also use a magnetic yoke. We utilize a copper coating on an iron rod to increase the sensitivity, and we compare the performance with the performance achieved

Vibration sensing is critical to monitor and ultimately preserve the health state of engineering systems. These systems with a large structure are typically working in some harsh environments including strong magnetic fields. However, traditional electrical sensors are difficult to accurately measure the vibration under harsh environments. Besides these instinct advantages of normal fiber optic sensors

A simple and reliable non-enyzmatic glucose sensor can be synthesized by anodizing copper foil in a solution of NaOH. A $2^{(5-1)}$ experiment design with two replicates is used to screen important factors and it was found that the three most important factors to consider are the anodizing potential, NaOH concentration, and temperature. A central composite experiment design is used to optimize these

Geometrical modification of three electrode Clark sensor is performed to enhance the sensing amperometric current. Two types of implantable microsensors are designed and characterized for measuring dissolved oxygen (DO 2 ). For type I sensor, the area of the reference electrode (RE) conventionally sandwiched between working electrode (WE) and counter electrode (CE), is optimized. In contrast to the

Since remote sensing images cannot have both high temporal resolution and high spatial resolution, spatiotemporal fusion of remote sensing images has attracted increasing attention in recent years. Additionally, with the successful application of deep learning in various fields, spatiotemporal fusion algorithms based on deep learning have also gradually diversified. We propose a network framework that

The rigid oscillation and flexible deformation baseline errors occur in dual-antenna unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) SAR interferometry (InSAR). The errors caused by airflow disturbances and UAV platform mechanical oscillation will lead to interferometric phase undulation. Measuring the errors has high requirements for length and time accuracy for the equipment. In this paper, a time-varying baseline

RGB color sensors are examined as an economical replacement for non-lighting based occupancy sensors such as PIR sensors and ultrasonic sensors. RGB color sensors are inexpensive and able to accurately detect and track occupants in an illuminated space by monitoring color shifts from background color distribution caused by occupants. By examining the temporal dependence of color shifts caused by small

Technology that translates photoplethysmogram (PPG) into the QRS complex of electrocardiogram (ECG) would be transformative for people who require continuously monitoring. However, directly decoding the QRS complex of ECG from PPG is challenging because PPG signals usually have different offsets due to 1) different devices, and 2) personal differences, which makes the alignment difficult. In this paper

The world is getting older by the minute due to rising life expectancy, leading to an urgent need for the continuous monitoring of patients. Tracking human activities without hospitalization has been tackled in the past decade thanks to the advancement of sensing technologies and wearable devices. However, the limited power resources of microcontrollers and the power consumption due to the use of different

In industrial environments various events can concurrently occur and may require different quality of service (QoS) provision based on different priority levels. To reduce the chances of collision and to improve efficiency in multi-event occurrence, Carrier Sense Multiple Access (CSMA) is a preferable choice for Medium Access Control (MAC) protocols. However, it also increases the overall delay. In

The temperature disturbances greatly influence the performances of microfluidic chips during the working process. It is therefore important to evaluate the thermo-optic properties of microfluidic materials. Here, we measure the thermo-optic property by employing a fiber optic surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor combined with a thermocouple. This setup can be applied for embedding in microfluidic

Indication of peach maturity and inspection of fruit quality in an orchard are generally analyzed based on the farmer’s experience, which may be subject to failure and result in financial losses due to negligence or late harvest. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) vary in quantity and type, depending on the different phases of fruit growth. Thus, the electronic noses are an alternative, since they allow

This paper presents a new immobilization method for Vapochromic Coordination Polymers (VCPs) for micromachined fluorescence chemical sensors. The method involves creating a sheet of post arrays in polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) to trap and adhere the VCPs to the sensing surface. The method is simple, robust, and employs inexpensive micro-molding of PDMS polymer. Results suggest that, compared to un-patterned

This paper presents a new method of walking distance estimation using an inertial measurement unit (IMU) placed on the user’s waist. When the sensor is mounted on the waist, the walking steps can be easily detected. However, step length estimation is a challenging task. In this paper, a walking distance estimation method based on histogram features is proposed. The histogram features, including the

Since its inception in 2002, the IEEE Sensors Conference has come a long way in establishing itself as a premier conference in the world on sensors and sensing technologies. With the entire world moving rapidly toward a ubiquitous intelligence society, the emphasis on deployment of trillions of sensors in the near future is driving the world of sensor technology like never before. It is reflected in

This paper theoretically and experimentally demonstrates the temperature drift suppression capability of a mode-localized accelerometer based on three degree of freedom weakly coupled resonators. The theoretical model of the temperature characteristics of the amplitude ratio and frequency of the mode-localized accelerometer under the influence of Young’s modulus were established. The effect of the

In the low speed servo system of single gimbal magnetically suspended control moment gyro (SGMSCMG), the accuracy of rotor position is an important factor which influences the speed accuracy. Linear hall sensors with small volume and high precision are usually adopted to the compact equipment and suitable for SGMSCMG. However, the signals detected by hall sensors contain lots of harmonics and noise

In this paper, we propose a method for classifying human faces using a small-sized millimeter wave radar sensor. The radar sensor transmits a frequency-modulated continuous wave signal operating in the 61 GHz band and it receives reflected signals using spatially separated receiving antenna elements. Because the shape and composition of the human face varies from person to person, the reflection characteristics

Head pose estimation plays a crucial role in attention detection, behavior analysis, human-computer interaction, and eye tracking, etc. The existing landmark-to-pose methods require two steps, not only to detect the key points of the human face, but also to solve the 2D to 3D mapping problem usually by the average head model. We propose an efficient and robust method to monitor the driver’s attention

3D pose estimation is a challenging problem in computer vision. Most of the existing neural-network-based approaches address color or depth images through convolution networks (CNNs). In this paper, we study the task of 3D human pose estimation from depth images. Different from the existing CNN-based human pose estimation method, we propose a deep human pose network for 3D pose estimation by taking

Zero velocity update is a common and efficient approach to bound the accumulated error growth for foot-mounted inertial navigation system. Thus a robust zero velocity detector (ZVD) for all kinds of locomotion is needed for high accuracy pedestrian navigation systems. In this paper, we investigate two machine learning-based ZVDs: Histogram-based Gradient Boosting (HGB) and Random Forest (RF), aiming

The metallic glass with an amorphous structure can be a new approach for the electrode in flexible and stretchable electronics. In comparison with general crystalline metal, metallic glass has interesting mechanical and physical properties such as low Young’s modulus (108GPa), hardness(5.91GPa), and high durability under mechanical stress. Also, we were able to enhance the mechanical property of metallic

Internet of Things (IoT) is gaining great momentum for remote data collection in various smart applications. Recently, the proliferation of wireless sensors and the explosive increase in the number of mobile devices enable Mobile-Assisted Sensing (MAS) in which the mobile gateways collect data from the distributed sensors. Therefore, MAS collects data without additional overheads for building a static

Surface plasmon resonance imaging (SPRI) detects the changes in refractive index in close proximity to the surface of a thin metal film as variations in light intensity reflected from the back of the film and thus does not require labeling for visualization of the structures under investigation. While traditionally, the wave vector scanning is performed via angular rotations, the wave vector can also

In this paper, we propose a new strategy for the sensitive and specific detections of dimethyl methylphosphonate (DMMP), as a simulant of nerve agent Sarin. Our silicon nanowire based sensor is modified with carboxyphenylboronic acid (CPBA) to demonstrate great efficiency. The response time is less than 100 seconds to recognize the DMMP, which is a key ability for on-site monitoring. The sensor exhibits

A novel sensing system based on single mode optical fiber in reflective configuration has been developed to measure the critical meniscus height (CMH) of low volumes of liquids, which is then used to calculate the contact angle. The sensing system has been designed especially for very low volumes of liquids (e.g. bio-liquids) and the work has demonstrated that measurements are possible with a minimum

This paper presents an ultra-low-power, wide-dynamic-range interface circuit for capacitive and resistive sensors. The circuit is implemented as a switched-capacitor circuit using programmable capacitors to achieve high configurability. The circuit was fabricated using a CMOS 0.18 $\mu \text{m}$ process. Different types of capacitive and resistive sensors were measured using the interface to demonstrate

Robust Subspace Recovery (RoSuRe) algorithm was recently introduced as a principled and numerically efficient algorithm that unfolds underlying Unions of Subspaces (UoS) structure, present in the data. The union of Subspaces (UoS) is capable of identifying more complex trends in data sets than simple linear models. We build on and extend RoSuRe to prospect the structure of different data modalities