Recent advances in sensing technologies significantly improve the observability of engineering systems toward improved system controllability and reliability. Also, emerging sensing techniques integrate sensing elements with in-situ data processing to transform the sensors to be “smart.” The broad applications of smart sensing for health monitoring in engineering systems provide a large amount of data

In recent years, material printing on flexible and disposable substrates has received substantial interest for realizing low cost electronic and sensing systems on large-areas. As a result, new methods such as printing and additive manufacturing, etc. have received significant attention to develop a wide range of easily deployable systems such as displays, sensors, and RFID smart tags. The technologies

With rising hazardous organic vapours in the environment, the detection of volatile organic vapour compounds (VOCs) is becoming important. To this end, this paper presents a conductive droplet-based disposable sensor. Unlike conventional sensors, the droplet system is easily replaceable and is capable of detecting multiple vapours based on surface tension gradient. The chemiresistive sensor presented

Design and rapid prototyping of a tunable and compact microstrip antenna for industrial, scientific and medical (ISM) band applications is presented in this paper. Laser machining is introduced as a fast and accurate method for the antenna fabrication. The antenna, with an overall dimension of $65\times 46\times0.127$ mm, was fabricated by sandwiching a flexible Kapton polyimide substrate, with a dielectric

A novel capacitive pressure sensor based on micro-structured polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) dielectric layer was developed for wearable E-skin and touch sensing applications. The pressure sensor was fabricated on a flexible polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate, using PDMS and silver (Ag) as the dielectric and electrode layers, respectively. A set of PDMS films with pyramid shaped micro-structures

Since its inception in 2002, the IEEE Sensors Conference has come a long way in establishing itself as a premier conference in the world on sensors and sensing technologies. With the entire world moving rapidly toward a ubiquitous intelligence society, the emphasis on deployment of trillions of sensors in the near future is driving the world of sensor technology like never before. It is reflected in

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For a dwell time limited radar network, the achievable tracking performance can be further enhanced by adaptively tuning in the dwell time allocation strategy to accommodate the future operation scenario. In this paper, considering this dynamical resource allocation problem, a cone programming-based dwell time allocation scheme is proposed for achieving the optimal tracking performance. The basic mechanism

We report on a highly sensitive, selective, and flexible enzymatic sensor based on Zinc oxide nanoflakes (ZnO NFs) for noninvasive L-lactate sensing in sweat. A single step sonochemical process was used to synthesize ZnO NFs on gold-coated flexible polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrates. The lactate oxidase enzyme (LOx) immobilized on the as-synthesized ZnO-NFs-based sensing electrode provided

In this paper, we discuss the effect of mismatch due to trapped charge on floating-gate ISFET sensors which constitutes one of its major limitations when fabricated in unmodified CMOS. Especially evident when designing ISFET arrays, mismatch due to trapped charge is significant and random and causes pixels to operate outside their target operating region. Here, we show a gradient descent algorithm

Resistive sensing techniques have recently emerged as a powerful tool to sensitively detect proteins of interest. However, detecting intracellular proteins present in cell-derived lysates remains largely unexplored. Here, a resistive sensing technique was utilized to develop a biosensor for the detection of the autophagy-related LC3 protein using three different resistive transducers. Microfiber-,

This work presents a pH sensor platform combining the high performance of iridium oxide (IrOx) fabricated by cyclic voltammetry with inductively-coupled wireless (ICW) transmission. Data included presents flexible potentiometric pH sensors having IrOx as the sensing electrode and a cured Ag/AgCl paste as the pseudo-reference electrode; further investigations concerning performance tailoring via fabrication

The fabrication and characterization of an ultra-low power current sensor utilizing magnetoelectric lead zirconate titanate/nickel zinc ferrite (PZT-NZF) nanowires is presented. Low-cost, low-temperature, and post-CMOS-compatible fabrication methods were utilized in the fabrication of a nanowire array. This array was electrically and mechanically flip-chip bonded onto a printed circuit board (PCB)

In this study, we approached a new way to develop inexpensive, lightweight, highly flexible temperature sensors offering greater repeatability and linearity response to temperature. A polyethylene terephthalate (PET) monofilament fiber and our developed graphene (G), synthesized via an easy and low-cost technique and deposited over a Ni layer (G/Ni), were used as the substrate and temperature-sensitive

The Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) has been developed rapidly in recent years. As a significant part of the ITS, the collection of traffic information relies on the detection of vehicles by using various sensors, in which micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) sensors have been widely investigated. A representative of MEMS sensors is magnetoresistance sensor with stable performance. However

Recent advances in medical radiation technologies have enabled small field radiotherapy with a beam size as small as a few millimeters for precise dose delivery to patients. However, conventional radiation dosimeters for small field radiotherapy suffer from inaccurate dose measurements due to their large absorber size. Herein, we present a nanofabricated chip calorimeter as a new platform for a miniaturized

This paper presents the development process and the evaluation of compliant Fiber Bragg Gratings (FBG) based, normal and shear force sensing elements for biomechanical measurements with their effective novel calibration methodology and preliminary experimental results. The sensing elements are intended for human machine interaction such as in transfemoral prosthetic interface. The sensing elements

Force and pressure sensors are used at the body-device interface to monitor fit and inform designers, researchers, and clinicians in various biomedical applications. Commercial sensor manufacturers state that consistent actuation and a rigid surface beneath the sensor is required to ensure repeatable measurement results. However, the body-device interface is subjected to dynamically changing actuation

In this paper, a method based on the inherent event-based sampling capability of the laser optical feedback interferometry (OFI) is proposed to recover sub- $\lambda $ /2 displacement with a nanometric precision. The proposed method operates in open-loop configuration and relies on OFI’s fringe detection, thereby improving its robustness and ease of use. The measured white noise power spectral density

In III-Nitride planar photosensitive devices (PSDs), proper engineering in polarization charges (PCs) are required in order to reduce detrimental effects on the devices. In this work, piezo-phototronic effects of PSDs are explored, giving more emphasis on photovoltaic application. The polarization effects of GaN/In x Ga 1–x N multiple quantum wells on planar solar cell with {000-1} or {0001} as one

Ultrasonic sensors have dominated miniaturized depth measurement applications such as robot collision avoidance and walking cane hazard detection yet have limited spatial resolution. Optical time-of-flight (ToF) depth sensors offer the potential for improved spatial resolution, however, ToF depth-sensing cameras may be too large and power-hungry for hand-held applications. We address this gap by experimentally

Quantum two-mode squeezing (QTMS) radars and noise radars detect targets by correlating the received signal with an internally stored recording. A covariance matrix can be calculated between the two which, in theory, is a function of a single correlation coefficient. This coefficient can be used to decide whether a target is present or absent. We can estimate the correlation coefficient by minimizing

A cost-effective harmonic interferometric Doppler sensor has been developed to obtain both amplitude and phase of the micro-Doppler signatures of moving objects. A phase chopper is used to generate the harmonics of the interferometry signal. For cost-effectiveness, a Gunn diode source is used for signal generation and a neon lamp is employed as a broadband detector. An advanced signal processing algorithm

A screw-shape is fabricated on a commercial plastic optical fiber (POF) by a heat pressing and twisting method. The screw-shaped POF is proposed as a refractive index (RI) sensor. By changing the structural parameters of the screw-shaped POFs both with and without claddings, the RI sensing performances are studied. When the screw-shaped POF is fabricated by twisting a thin flat-shaped POF with a thickness

Application of a non-adiabatic tapered fiber optic biosensor for real-time, label-free detection of methyl-parathion pesticide (MPT) in presence of acetylthiocholine iodide (ATCh) is presented. The limit of detection of MPT in the presence of 1 mM ATCh as an enzyme substrate is found to be as low as $23\times 10\,\,^{-{9}}$ M (S/N=3). The proposed sensor shows a dynamic range of 2.3 nm and a working

This study proposes a magnetic sensor design and application for monitoring the health of rotor magnets in permanent magnet (PM) electrical machines through in-situ observation of the air-gap magnetic flux density. The reported device employs the concept of Fibre Bragg Grating (FBG) strain sensing fusion with magnetostrictive material to deliver a machine stator slot wedge integrated sensor that allows

A fiber refractometer with large dynamic range from 1.316 to 1.61 RIU has been realized using a hybrid configuration of a single-mode fiber (SMF) coupled to a stripped-cladding multimode fiber (MMF) as sensing element. An extended analysis of the diffraction principle of a Gaussian beam is specifically developed for this sensor configuration to determine the injected power density into the MMF which

Mechanical strain measurement at high temperature is a challenge due to thermal strain interference caused by material thermal expansion. In this paper, a novel hybrid sensor possessing unlimited cavity length was developed to eliminate thermal strain interference in mechanical strain measurement at high temperature. The sensor was composed by an extrinsic Fabry-Perot interferometric (EFPI) with unlimited

A novel two-dimensional (2-D) fiber Bragg grating (FBG) vibration sensor based on an orthogonal flexure hinge structure has been proposed in this paper. The elastic element of this sensor which contains an inertial body, flexure hinge pair and base has been designed in small size and integrally fabricated by using wire cutting. Two FBGs are arranged in the vertical direction by two ends pasted setup

A temperature sensor consisting of cascaded liquid-air cavities based on Vernier effect was proposed. The cascaded liquid-air cavities were fabricated simply by partially filling a section of silica capillary tube (SCT) with dimethyl silicone oil (DSO). One opening of the SCT was spliced to the single mode fiber, and the other opening was sealed by the UV glue. The Vernier effect could be generated

A novel sensitivity-enhanced intrinsic fiber Fabry-Perot interferometer (IFFPI) high temperature sensor based on a hollow-core photonic crystal fiber (HC-PCF) and modified Vernier effect is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The compact all fiber IFFPIs are easily constructed by splicing one end of the HC-PCF to a leading single mode fiber (SMF) and applying an arc at the other end of the HC-PCF

Despite a large number of applications in the field of health care, military, ecology or agriculture, the Wireless Underground Sensor Network (WUSN) faces the problem of wireless Underground Communication (WUC) which largely attenuate the signal on the ground. For the case of precision agriculture, the motes are buried and they have to check the good growth of plants by verifying data like the water

The field of machine health and system monitoring has gained interest in different application fields, e.g., monitoring of lubricants, vibrations, surroundings, environmental conditions or the temperature of critical machine parts. This work presents two different condition monitoring devices, which are fabricated in a low cost printing process directly on the non-planar surface of the object to be

This paper presents theoretical analysis on fundamental performances of two configurations of magnetoelectric transducers that are used the most in practice, longitudinal-longitudinal and longitudinal-transverse modes, with a focus on magnetic field sensing and wireless power transfer applications. Based on equivalent circuit models and two-port network theory, we derive explicit closed-form solutions

Electromagnetic flowmeter (EMF) is a widely used flow measurement instrument in the 20th century. It is based on the Faraday’s law and developed rapidly in recent decades. It plays an important role in our daily life such as water treatment, food production and chemical industry. An improved excitation structure with E-type frame made by permeable material added in the traditional Helmholtz coil is

Image acquisition plays a central role in optical measurement systems. To configure machine vision setups, engineers often go through some empirical best practices to evaluate the measurement in different geometrical and optical configurations. This approach turns out to be expensive, tedious, and sometimes even unsuitable for nontrivial tasks. To automate this process, realistic synthetic images allow

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are promising solutions for large infrastructure monitoring because of their ease of installation, computing and communication capability, and cost-effectiveness. Long-term Civil structural health monitoring (SHM), however, is still a challenge because it requires continuous data acquisition for the detection of random events such as earthquakes and structural collapse

The charge amplifier is an important building block in various electronic circuits. In this paper a new charge amplifier for piezoelectric sensors is introduced. The advantages of the new proposed charge amplifier becomes obvious in the quasi-static applications. In some quasi-static applications the traditional charge amplifiers uses an extremely large feedback resistor (in the range of $\text{G}\Omega

The objective is to develop a cuffless modelling approach to accurately estimate the blood pressure (BP) waveform and extract important BP features, such as the systolic BP (SBP), diastolic BP (DBP), and mean BP (MAP). Access to the full waveform has significant advantages over previous cuffless BP estimation tools in terms of accuracy and access to additional cardiovascular health markers (e.g., cardiac

This paper presents wearable sensors for detecting differences in chewing strength while eating foods with different hardness (carrot as a hard, apple as moderate and banana as soft food). Four wearable sensor systems were evaluated. They were: (1) a gas pressure sensor measuring changes in ear pressure proportional to ear canal deformation during chewing, (2) a flexible, curved bend sensor attached

In this paper, an error-ellipse-resampling-based particle filter (EER-PF) algorithm is proposed for target tracking in wireless sensor networks. In order to improve the effectiveness of the particles, in the process of resampling, the error ellipse of different confidence levels is established according to the error covariance matrix of particles. The particles are divided into different levels based

For measuring three components of velocity in unknown flow fields, multi-hole pressure probes possess a significant advantage. Unlike methods such as hot-wire anemometry, laser-Doppler velocimetry and particle-image velocimetry, multi-hole pressure probes can provide not only the three components of local velocity, but also static and stagnation pressures. However, multi-hole probes do require exhaustive

Depth sensing devices enabled with an RGB camera, can be used to augment conventional images with depth information on a per-pixel basis. Currently available RGB-D sensors include the Asus Xtion Pro, Microsoft Kinect and Intel RealSense ™ . However, these sensors have certain limitations. Objects that are shiny, transparent or have an absorbing matte surface, create problems due to reflection. Also

The core problem in process tomography is that the image reconstruction process is ill-posed which limits the image quality. Dual-modality tomography is effective to acquire more information in the sensing area, which mitigates the ill-posedness of image reconstruction. However, dual-modality measurement data are of different physical dimensions and thus difficult to fuse together which presents a

People-following in a leader-follower scheme is considered as a major contemporary research problem in the domain of human-robot coexistence. The problem essentially requires human detection and tracking, and, in recent times, vision sensing based shoe detection has evolved as an effective mechanism for human detection. The problem gets more challenging when the environment becomes affected by photometric

When sapphire crystal is prepared with Kyropoulos method, the necking-down growth process is a key stage. Sapphire growth defect is a big problem in this stage. However, diagnosing growth defects is subject to the interference of workers subjectivity and accuracy always goes down. To address the problem, a novel defect diagnosis method is proposed for necking-down growth process in this paper. Industrial