Thin films of topological insulator (TI) Bi2Se3 were grown onto the surfaces of FeSe2 layers of different thicknesses on Si (100) substrates by magnetron sputtering, forming bilayer films with smooth surface. Magnetic and transport measurements indicate ferromagnetism in these bilayer samples. Large coercive fields at low-temperatures and a room-temperature magnetic order were observed. Moreover, nonsaturated

In this paper, we construct the generalized perturbation (n, M−n)-fold Darboux transformation of the fifth-order modified Korteweg-de Vries (KdV) equation by the Taylor expansion. We use this transformation to derive the higher-order rational soliton solutions of the fifth-order modified KdV equation. We find that these higher-order rational solitons admit abundant interaction structures. We graphically

This paper employs the principle of undetermined coefficients to establish the hyperbolic and trigonometric function solutions of the coupled sine-Gordon equation (CSGE) which describes the propagation of an optical pulse in fiber waveguide. Lie point symmetry of the CSGE is derived. Previously, it was noticed that the concept of nonlinear self-adjointness (NSA) was not applied on the equation under

The effect of isothermal storage temperature and cooling rate on thermal processing on the maximum magnetic penetration in amorphous bands of magnetically soft (CoFe)75Si10B15 alloys was studied. The dependence of maximum magnetic penetration on the isothermal storage temperature is determined using diffusion processes which occur during thermal processing at the certain isothermal storage temperatures

Further and more detailed experimental work demonstrates an anomalous transfer of modulation between two microwave beams in the near-field and confirms the results already obtained. The behavior of the measured signal versus the attenuation of each beam intensity suggests a model based on the existence of hybrid terms containing the product of both the relative field amplitudes. In addition, the undulating

Cr is a metal with lower resistivity (as compared with Si) and positive temperature coefficient of resistance (TCR value) and Si is a semiconductive material with higher resistivity and negative TCR value. For that, the commercial-grade targets of 28 wt.% Cr-72 wt.% Si, 40 wt.% Cr-60 wt.% Si and 55 wt.% Cr-45 wt.% Si were used to deposit the thin-film materials using sputtering method at the same parameters

In this paper, we investigate the stability of the configurations of harmonic oscillator potential that are directly proportional to the square of the displacement. We derive expressions for fluctuations in partition function due to variations of the parameters, viz. the mass, temperature and the frequency of oscillators. Here, we introduce the Hessian matrix of the partition function as the model

We investigate the solvability of an integrable nonlinear nonlocal reverse-time six-component fourth-order AKNS system generated from a reduced coupled AKNS hierarchy under a reverse-time reduction. Riemann–Hilbert problems will be formulated by using the associated matrix spectral problems, and exact soliton solutions will be derived from the reflectionless case corresponding to an identity jump matrix

In this paper, our objective is to analyze integrability of three famous nonlinear models, namely unstable nonlinear Schrödinger equation (UNLSE), modified UNLSE (MUNLSE) as well as (2+1)-dimensional cubic NLSE (CNLSE) by utilizing Painlevé test (P-test). The non-appearance of some sort of singularities such as moveable branch points indicates a sound probability of complete integrability of the concerned

We study the impact of seeds on cooperate epidemic spreading on complex networks. A cooperative spreading model is proposed, in which two diseases are spreading simultaneously. Once the nodes are infected by one disease, they will have a larger probability of being infected by the other. Besides, we adopt five different selection strategies to choose the seeds, and the set size of seeds is fixed at

The quantization scheme between double enhanced charge phase-slip (ECPS) qubits is given. In this system, there exist quantum entanglement phenomenona. The entanglement characteristic is discussed by employing the concurrence. An interesting conclusion is obtained, i.e., if one desire to change the entanglement between two ECPS qubits, the mutual inductance should be considered first, but it is also

An ultraviolet (UV) sensor consisting of a zinc oxide (ZnO) nanofiber sensing membrane and a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) was fabricated. ZnO nanofibers were prepared by electrospinning and calcination. The morphology and structure of the nanofiber sensing membrane were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The QCM sensor based on ZnO nanofibers was found to be sensitive

The interface state in two-dimensional (2D) sonic crystals (SCs) was obtained based on trying or cutting approach, which greatly limits its practical applications. In this paper, we theoretically demonstrate that one category of interface states can deterministically exist at the boundary of two square-lattice SCs due to the geometric phase transitions of bulk bands. First, we derive a tight-binding

In this work, we demonstrate the sensing principle to simultaneously detect the salinity and temperature of seawater using a 1D-defective photonic crystal structure. We designed a one-dimensional defective mode photonic crystal based on the well-known transfer matrix method (TMM) for detecting the seawater salinity and temperature. Our proposed optical sensor is based on the following concept. Since

Biological cells sense external concentrations via stochastic receptor signals and respond by regulating the expression of target proteins. Two main signaling mechanisms have been found to encode signal molecular concentrations: continuous modulation (CM), where the receptor signals continuously whenever a ligand is bound, and bursty modulation (BM), where the receptor signals shortly and with fixed

The research work has demonstrated the effect of hydrothermal ageing (121∘C, 40 h, 1.034 bar) on friction and wear behavior of SrO-doped zirconia toughened alumina (ZTA) composite. Surface topography and wear regime behavior are established in the perspective of ageing time, load, phase transformation and toughening phenomena. The estimated critical load is confirming the expedition of mild to severe

The movement of large amounts of ions (e.g., potassium, sodium and calcium) in the nervous system triggers time-varying electromagnetic fields that further regulate the firing activity of neurons. Accordingly, the discharge states of a modified Hindmarsh–Rose (HR) neuron model under an electric field are studied by numerical simulation. By using the Matcont software package and its programming, the

Motivated by the controversial bright exciton splittings in inorganic cesium lead halide perovskite nanocrystals, we studied excitation state of perovskite CsPbBr3 by four-band model Hamiltonian. With spin–orbit coupling, the calculated band structure shows that the double degeneracy of each band around Γ(0,0,0) point is removed because of broken spatial inversion symmetry (SIS). With broken SIS, ring-shaped

In this paper, the theory of impedance-tunable transformation acoustics in the geometric-acoustics limit is proposed to design efficient two-dimensional acoustic waveguide couplers. By choosing suitable impedance functions in the original space, impedance matching between the transformation medium and the background medium becomes possible, and the reflection at the boundary is reduced. The theory

The phenomenological model for the heavy tracers in viscoelastic media modeled by a generalized Mittag-Leffler fractional Langevin equation with the generalized Stokes force, the Basset force, the Hookean force, and the thermal force has been revisited. Under the fluctuation-dissipation relation, the generalized Stokes force describes the viscoelastic media by a Mittag-Leffler (ML) memory kernel. Furthermore

In this paper, COMSOL multi-physics field commercial software was used to design the simulation model of GaAs nanostructures array (vertical nanoholes, vertical nanowires, inclined nanoholes and inclined nanowires), and the changes of light absorption of these structures in the wavelength range of 200–840 nm were studied. The electric field distribution, carrier distribution and quantum efficiency

The structural transformation and diffusion mechanism of lithium-silicate melt is carried by molecular dynamics method. In order to investigate the nature of the pressure-induced structural transformations, the pair radial distribution function (PRDF), distribution of SiOx, OSiy and LiOz coordination units, bond angle distribution (BAD) and bond distance distribution (BDD) are analyzed. The investigation

A modification of the homotopy perturbation method is proposed by taking advantage of the enhanced perturbation method and the parameter expanding technology. A generalized oscillatory equation and some nonlinear oscillators as the special cases of this equation are considered as examples to outline the basic properties of the modification, and the result is of high accuracy.

A generalized 3×3 matrix spectral problem is investigated to generate two five-component nonlinear integrable systems, which involve an arbitrary smooth function. These systems are proven integrable in the sense of Lax pair. As the reduction cases, a four-component reaction diffusion equation and a four-component modified Korteweg-de Vries (mKdV) equation are solved by Darboux transformation approach

To find the group invariant solution, a new shifted parity and delayed time reversal symmetries are used in order to construct Alice–Bob systems. With the help of simple assumptions and of the P̂sT̂d symmetry, the intrinsic two-place model of the Sawada–Kotera (SK) system is elucidated. A new form of the N-soliton solution for the nonlocal SK equation is obtained, and dynamic properties of the N-soliton

An investigation of CA1 pyramidal model is an important issue for applications, which is intimately related to the composition of ions in the extracellular environment and external stimulation. In this paper, it is demonstrated that the effects of different electrophysiological parameters such as muscarinic-sensitive potassium current activation variable and sustained sodium current inactivation variable

The multi-wave solutions for nonlinear Kundu–Eckhaus (KE) equation are obtained using logarithmic transformation and symbolic computation using the function method. Three-wave method, double exponential and homoclinic breather approach are used to get these solutions. We study the conflict between our results and considerably-known results and state that the solutions reached here are new. By specifying

(n, p) transmutations in the silicon nitride (Si3N4) nanoparticles by the neutrons at different energies have been studied by computer simulation. The transmutations by neutrons in the nanomaterial were separately investigated for silicon and nitrogen atoms in the Si3N4 particles. Since the effective cross-section of the possible probability of transmutation is different in the various types of silicon

Low carbon bainitic steel (LCBS) with excellent combined properties is the first choice for materials of pipeline transiting geological disaster. However, welding will worsen its toughness. In this paper, three kinds of welding heat input were designed to study the relationship between the toughness and microstructure in the coarse grain zone of welding heat affect zone (CGHAZ) of LCBS. The evolution

The electron-ion dynamics of hydroperoxyl radical in intense femtosecond laser pulses is studied by using time-dependent density functional theory combined with molecular dynamics approach. We calculate the optimized structure, the ionization energy, and the optical absorption strength. The results are in good agreement with experiments. The irradiation dynamics of HO2 including the ionization, the

In this study, indium tin oxide (ITO) was deposited onto sapphire and low resistive p-Si substrates using pulsed laser deposition (PLD) technique. The optical energy gap of ITO deposited on the sapphire substrate was 3.7 eV at room temperature. Photoluminescence (PL) of ITO shows an emission of broad peak at 524 nm. Photovoltaic (PV) characteristics of the n-ITO/p-Si heterojunction are examined and

The energy relaxation of hot electrons is proposed based on the spin–orbit (SO) interaction of both Rashba and Dresselhaus types with the effect of hot phonons. A continuum theory of optical phonons in nanowires taking into account the influence of confinement is used to study the hot-electron energy relaxation. The energy relaxation due to both confined (CO) and interface (IO) optical phonon emission

Recently, the study about the disease transmission has received widespread attention. In the dynamics process of infectious disease, individual’s cognition about disease-related knowledge is an important factor that controls disease transmission. The disease-related information includes the cause, symptoms, transmission route and so on. Disease-related knowledge would influence the individual’s attitude

The application of the subwavelength planar structure to control the propagation direction of surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) has attracted many interests in recent years. However, the traditional unidirectional transmission devices of SPPs are limited by the low extinction ratio, narrow working band and the incapability of controlling the transmission directions. In this study, a novel SPPs unidirectional

In this paper, we consider the influence of magnetic pump field on the propagation of three-dimensional ultrashort optical pulse with Airy cross-section in a medium of a photonic crystal made of carbon nanotubes (CNTs). It is shown, that the pulse remains localized in a limited region of space and propagates quasi-stable. The possibility of efficient generation of high harmonics under the influence

This paper mainly concerns with the finite-time synchronization of delayed fractional-order quaternion-valued memristor-based neural networks (FQVMNNs). First, the FQVMNNs are studied by separating the system into four real-valued parts owing to the noncommutativity of quaternion multiplication. Then, two state feedback control schemes, which include linear part and discontinuous part, are designed

In this paper, we determine the application of the Fractional Elzaki Projected Differential Transform Method (FEPDTM) to develop new efficient approximate solutions of coupled nonlinear fractional KdV equations analytically and computationally. Numerical solutions are obtained, and some major characteristics demonstrate realistic reliance on fractional-order values. The basic tools, properties and

The prime objective of this paper is to obtain the exact soliton solutions by applying the two mathematical techniques, namely, Lie symmetry analysis and generalized exponential rational function (GERF) method to the (2+1)-dimensional generalized Camassa–Holm–Kadomtsev–Petviashvili (g-CHKP) equation. First, we obtain Lie infinitesimals, possible vector fields, and commutative product of vectors for

Ag2S/ZnS nanocomposites were synthesized using a novel method, and their structural features and optical properties were also investigated. For the structural investigation of the core/shell-like nanocomposites, X-ray powder diffraction technique (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used. Optical features of Ag2S/ZnS nanocomposites were studied by UV-Vis absorption and photoluminescence

Earthquake is a natural disaster that causes enormous losses to human society and its prediction is a major scientific challenge widely concerned by the society. However, the mechanism of earthquake is far from clear, and the mainstream view in the international seismology community is that earthquakes are unpredictable. Based on some new concepts and new knowledge developed in physics, this study

The specific values of the conductivity (σ) and its variation with temperature (T) of 2-pentanol and 2-methyl-1-pentanol liquids doped with different concentrations of NaI (abbreviated as 2PEN-xNaI and 2M1PEN-xNaI, respectively) (x=0%, 1% and 5%) are measured by the commercial equipment. The results show that whether NaI is doped or not, σ of 2PEN-xNaI and 2M1PEN-xNaI all have a conductivity peak in

Exploiting the analogy between ultracold atomic gases and the system of triplons, we study magneto-thermodynamic properties of dimerized quantum magnets in the framework of Bose–Einstein condensation (BEC). Particularly, introducing the inversion (or Joule–Thomson) temperature TJT as the point where Joule–Thomson coefficient of an isenthalpic process changes its sign, we show that for a simple paramagnet

Using a separable many-body variational wavefunction, we formulate a self-consistent effective Hamiltonian theory for fermionic many-body system. The theory is applied to the two-dimensional (2D) Hubbard model as an example to demonstrate its capability and computational effectiveness. Most remarkably for the Hubbard model in 2D, a highly unconventional quadruple-fermion non-Cooper pair order parameter

An optical waveguide is an important dielectric device that guides the propagation of light waves. Ion implantation is a competitive waveguide preparation technique with advantages including reliance, simpleness and flexibility. In this work, a 400-keV helium ion implantation with a fluence of 6.0×1016 ions/cm2 was carried out to manufacture a planar waveguide on the surface of the fused silica glass

Effect of high bandgap 0.5 nm AlAs on the electronic and optical properties of the In0.70Ga0.03As/Al0.60In0.40As superlattice is investigated by using effective mass approximation under the electric field. Electronic transitions are obtained as 403 and 023 eV for E32 and E21 in the gain region. Thin AlAs increases electron confinement in the superlattice and prevents electron leakage in the gain region

In this work, we developed a technology for growing a single crystal of a ternary compound, using the Atomic Force Microscope (AFM), we studied the surface microrelief in 2D and 3D modes, using X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, determined the parameters of the unit cell of this phase and revealed that it crystallizes in tetragonal symmetry with lattice parameters a=8.345 Å and c=6.8352 Å, space group

In this study, we consider conformable type Coudrey–Dodd–Gibbon–Sawada–Kotera (CDGSK) equation. Three powerful analytical methods are employed to obtain generalized solutions of the nonlinear equation of interest. First, the sub-equation method is used as baseline where generalized closed form solutions are obtained and are exact for any fractional order α. Furthermore, residual power series method

In this paper, we will solve the (3 + 1)-dimensional Yu–Toda–Sassa–Fukuyama equation (YTSFE) which widely investigates the dynamics of solitons and nonlinear wave arising in a fluid dynamics, plasma physics and weakly dispersive media. The Paul-Painlevé approach (PPA) is used for the first time to achieve the soliton solutions of this equation. Furthermore, the numerical solutions of this equation

All we know that the Burgers-KdV equation is extensively used to study the liquid flow with bubbles and the liquid moving flow in the elastic pipes. In this paper, we obtain the Lie point symmetries, self-nonlinear adjointness of a generalized Burgers-KdV equation (GB-KdVE) are obtained, it follows that the conservation laws are worked out. As a reduction of the GB-KdVE, a Burgers equation with general

In this article, the authors carry out a pioneering study of monocrystalline TlInS2〈5%C〉 at higher than room-temperatures using impedance spectroscopy. It is shown that in TlInS2〈5%C〉 crystals at temperatures higher than 400 K, the nature of conductivity is predominantly ionic. Moreover, characteristics of impedance spectra behavior of TlInS2〈5%C〉 monocrystal samples were studied using the measurement

In this work, TlIn1−xGaxSe2 single crystals were grown by zone recrystallization methods and their X-ray phase analysis was performed. The lattice parameters were determined and it was found that crystals based on the original TlIn1−xGaxSe2 compound crystallized in the same tetragonal symmetry, the space group D4h18(I4/mcm). It was revealed that with partial substitution of indium atoms by gallium

In this paper, we investigated a new form of nonlinear Schrödinger equation (NLSE), namely the Biswas–Arshed model (BAM) for the analysis of complete integrability with the help of Painlevé test (P-test). By applying this test, we analyze the singularity structure of the solutions of BAM, knowing the fact that the absence of specific sort of singularities like moveable branch points is a patent signal

We successfully apply extended rational sine-cosine/sinh-cosh and advance expansion function techniques in this paper. Various kinds of soliton solutions to the conformable time-fractional resonant nonlinear Schrödinger equation (RNLSE) in optical fiber are extracted. We discuss the system with the effects of coefficients like group velocity dispersion, non-Kerr nonlinearity, resonant nonlinearity

This paper introduces the fractal form of the generalized nonlinear Schrödinger equation, newly named as the Biswas–Milovic model (BM). The BM equation theoretically explains the transmission of solitons for transatlantic and transcontinental distances utilizing optical fibers. The BM equation relating to Kerr law, parabolic law and nonlinearity quadratic law was studied using a variational approach

In this work, we study the nonlinear Josephson dynamics of Fermi superfluids in the crossover from Bardeen–Cooper–Schrieffer (BCS) superfluid to a molecular Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) in a double-well potential. Under a two-mode approximation, we derive a full two-mode (fTM) model including all interaction energy terms. By solving the fTM model numerically, we study the zero-phase and π-phase modes

In this work, SiC nanowires (SiC NWs) reinforced SBG (Sn-58Bi-0.05GNSs) composite solder was prepared using powder metallurgy route. The effect of SiC NWs on melting temperature, wetting behavior, shear properties, microstructure of the prepared solder joints and interfacial reaction were studied in detail. Results reveal that incorporating SiC NWs can develop the wetting behavior and shear properties

The effect of hydrostatic pressure on binding energy and polaron effect of the bound polaron in a wurtzite AlyGa1−yN/AlxGa1−xN parabolic quantum well (QW) is studied using the Lee–Low–Pines intermediate coupling variational method in the paper. The numerical relationship of binding energy and polaron effect of the bound polaron are given as a functions of pressure p, composition x and well width d

A method has been proposed to reason the choice among the known optimized models for methods for estimating chlorophyll (Chl) concentration in the seawater according to the information-logarithmic criterion, which provides a comparison of theoretical models by the SeaWiFS data. It has been shown that the most appropriate means is to determine the Chl concentration, since the concentration of Chl in

According to the standard theory of superconductivity, the origin of superconductivity is electron pairing. The induced current by a magnetic field is calculated by the linear response to the vector potential, and the supercurrent is identified as the dissipationless flow of the paired electrons, while single electrons flow with dissipation. This supercurrent description suffers from the following

The effects of doping with different Mo contents on the microstructure and properties of Fe36Ni Invar alloys were investigated. The results show that when 0.9 wt.% Mo and 1.8 wt.% Mo were added to Fe36Ni, the tensile strengths of the hot rolled alloys were 46 and 61 MPa higher than that of the 0 wt.% Mo sample, respectively. With an increase in Mo content from 0.9 to 1.8 wt.%, the solution temperature