For the Bose–Einstein condensate in the non-Abelian gauge field, the atomic wavefunction obtains helical modulation, which would lead to nontrivial objects, such as three-dimensional Skyrmion. The spin–orbit coupled condensate is usually capable of supporting Skyrmion ground states, which can be well understood through the wavefunction modulation vector concept. In the present manuscript, the modulation

Organic single crystals of Benzilic Acid (BA) were grown by slow solvent evaporating method by using acetone as solvent. The unit cell parameter values and the crystal system are recognized by using single crystal XRD technique. The optical assessment of BA molecules is observed by with UV-Vis spectral analysis as the ultraviolet range between 200 and 400 nm and the visible region between 400 and 800 nm

This paper studies the potential form of the 3D potential Yu–Toda–Sasa–Fukuyama equation through the perspective of Lie symmetry analysis. This technique combined with symbolic computations does prove that the general Lie operator depends on five parameters and six independent arbitrary functions that are variable in respect to time. The group invariant solutions associated to some 1D subalgebras are

Chaotic jerk oscillators belong to the simplest chaotic systems. These systems try to model the behavior of dynamical systems efficiently. Jerk oscillators can be known as the most general systems in science, especially physics. It has been proved that every dynamical system expressed with an ordinary differential equation is able to describe as a jerky system in particular conditions. One of its main

Performance improvement of topological similarity-based link prediction models becomes an important research in complex networks. In the models based on node influence, researchers mainly consider the roles of endpoints or neighbors. Through investigations, we find that an endpoint with large influence has many neighbors. Meanwhile, the neighbors connect with more nodes besides endpoint, meaning that

In this paper, we present analytical solutions to the Bloch equations. After solving the secular equation for the eigenvalues, derived from the Bloch equations, analytical solutions for the temporal evolution of the magnetization vector are obtained at arbitrary initial conditions. Subsequently, explicit analytical expressions of the propagator for the Bloch equations and optical Bloch equations are

The eigentime identity for random walks on the weighted networks is the expected time for a walker going from a node to another node. Eigentime identity can be studied by the sum of reciprocals of all nonzero Laplacian eigenvalues on the weighted networks. In this paper, we study the weighted (m,n)-flower networks with the weight factor r. We divide the set of the nonzero Laplacian eigenvalues into

Boron oxide nanopowder is widely used in the production of special glasses and nuclear technology. This paper reports on the optical properties and investigates the formation of new bonds on the structure of nanoboron oxide. In this work, high purity boron oxide samples were irradiated using a energy upto 1 MeV fast neutrons with fluences in the range of 4.0×1012, 8.0×1012, 1.3×1013, 4.0×1014n/cm2

In this paper, a new exact solution of the conformable Gilson–Pickering equation is investigated. It should be noted that some of the individual cases of the Gilson–Pickering equation are the conformable Camassa–Holm, the conformable Fornberg–Whitham, and the conformable Rosenau–Hyman equations. A new version of modified Kudryashov’s method with the help of the mathematical software package is employed

In this work, the dynamics of wave phenomena modeled by (2+1)-dimensional coupled nonlinear Schrodinger’s equations with fractional temporal evolution is studied. The solutions of the equations are two monochromatic waves with nonlinear modulations that have almost identical group velocities. The unified approach along with the properties of the local M-derivative are used to obtain dark and rational

In the present communication, the laminar, incompressible, hydromagnetic flow of an electrically conducting non-Newtonian (Sisko) fluid over a bi-directional stretching sheet in a porous medium is studied theoretically. Thermal radiation flux, homogeneous–heterogeneous chemical reactions and convective wall heating are included in the model. The resultant nonlinear ordinary differential equations with

The common queueing problem has always focused on domestic and industrialized activities. Various improved models of queueing theory are widely used to solve problems. The aim of this paper is to deduce the exact solution of Bogoyavlenskii equation via direct extended modified algebraic method. In addition, we apply it to determine the upper and lower bounds through the semidefinite optimization packages

SnSe and Sm1−xCexSnSe2 compounds based on SnSe have been synthesized. Thermal properties of SnSe and Sm1−xCexSnSe2 compounds within x=0.02–0.5 concentration ranges of Ce atoms have been investigated using Differential Thermal Analysis (DTA). Thermodynamic parameters were calculated based on DTA spectra within 300K≤T≤1250K temperature intervals. It was determined from the relation of different rates

We used the first principle of density functional theory to perform detailed calculations regarding the structure, and the electronic and magnetic properties of MX (M=Ga, In; X=S, Se, Te) nanoribbons. The armchair nanoribbons (ARNs) are nonmagnetic semiconductors, which have even or odd oscillations of bandgaps. All small-sized zigzag nanoribbons (ZRNs) were found to break the six-membered ring structure

Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) in acid gas reservoirs is an important source of sulfur deposition in rock reservoirs. Studying the adsorption behavior of H2S in calcite slit-like pore is of great significance for predicting the amount of sulfur in natural gas. In this paper, the grand canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) method is used to investigate the adsorption of H2S in calcite with slit-like pore. Moreover,

The structure, elastic constants and electron state density of ZrMo2 in C15 phase are investigated by pseudopotential plane-wave method based on density functional theory (DFT). The thermodynamic properties are studied with the quasi-harmonic Debye model. The calculated results are in good agreement with the previous experimental results and theoretical simulations. The calculated phonon spectra and

The simulation and process optimization for laser marking of submillimetre rasterizing 2D code on stainless steel are investigated. For 50CrVA stainless steel, the temperature field of material during laser marking is obtained by numerical modeling. The results show that temperature change in the depth direction and oxidation degree of laser radiation region are the fundamental reasons for the contrast

In this paper, the chaotic phenomenon is reported in a bearing system. The chaotic dynamics of the new system is first derived from an available bearing system. The proposed system is then analyzed using various tools to observe its dynamical behaviors. Theoretical and simulation results confirm the presence of chaotic and periodic behaviors in the new bearing system.

We investigated analytical solutions for the nonlinear differential-difference equations (DDEs) having fractional-order derivative. We employed the discrete tanh method in computations. Performance of trigonometric functions, dark one solitons and rational solutions are discussed in detail. The results with reliable parameters are illustrated via 2-D and 3-D graphs.

In this study, the synthesis of single crystals of solid solutions Ge1−xSix from the gas phase was performed in two different variants. Here, the vapor phase is created in a closed volume. A special ampoule has been made for this purpose. Ge–Si is placed near one end of the ampoule. A temperature gradient is created along the ampoule. The temperature of the hot zone was chosen to be 1050∘C and the

In this research article, our aim is to construct new optical soliton solutions for nonlinear complex Ginzburg–Landau equation with the help of modified mathematical technique. In this work, we studied both laws of nonlinearity (Kerr and power laws). The obtained solutions represent dark and bright solitons, singular and combined bright-dark solitons, traveling wave, and periodic solitary wave. The

Single crystals of Cu1.75Te, Cu1.70Zn0.05Te and Cu1.70Cd0.05Te compounds were synthesized by Brijmen method and their crystal structure was studied by X-ray diffraction. The hexagonal, orthorhombic aand cubic structure phases of these compounds have been determined at room-temperature. Phase transitions at high-temperatures were observed. Lattice parameters for hexagonal, orthorhombic and cubic phases

The flow regimes of liquids encountered in engineering practice are mainly turbulent due to their structure, with which the features of such flows at supercritical pressure are considered in the work and some results are compared with similar ones obtained at low Reynolds numbers. Under these conditions, the physical properties of the fluid change sharply in the parietal layer and, depending on the

Polycrystalline samples AlFe0.95Cr0.05O3 synthetized by a solid state and a co-precipitation (cop) method show an orthorhombic system in space group Pc21n. It was found that the cation distribution and magnetic ordering depend toughly on the preparation conductions. The dielectric and conductivity properties of samples were studied as function of frequency and temperature. We deployed impedance spectroscopy

Tin dioxide (SnO2) thin films are obtained from resistive evaporation of metallic Sn followed by thermal oxidation at different temperatures in the range 200–500∘C. Results show that, besides the thickness of the evaporated Sn thin film, the oxidation process of Sn into SnO2 is highly dependent on the annealing time and temperature, presenting tin monoxide (SnO), as an intermediate compound, result

This paper primarily investigates the inverse stochastic resonance (ISR) of neuron network driven by Lévy noise with electrical autapse and chemical autapse, respectively. Firstly, the discharge of Hodgkin–Huxley (HH) neuron network under different noise parameters, autapse parameters and network coupling strength is shown. Then, the variation of average firing rate with Lévy noise in the case of electrical

We calculate exponential growth constants ϕ and σ describing the asymptotic behavior of spanning forests and connected spanning subgraphs on strip graphs, with arbitrarily great length, of several two-dimensional lattices, including square, triangular, honeycomb, and certain heteropolygonal Archimedean lattices. By studying the limiting values as the strip widths get large, we infer lower and upper

Machine learning techniques can help to represent and solve quantum systems. Learning measurement outcome distribution of quantum ansatz is useful for characterization of near-term quantum computing devices. In this work, we use the popular unsupervised machine learning model, variational autoencoder (VAE), to reconstruct the measurement outcome distribution of quantum ansatz. The number of parameters

The Rayleigh–Ritz variational method with multiconfiguration interaction wave functions is used to calculate energies, radiative transitions and radial expectation values of the 1s22s22p23P ground state and the 1s22s2p35S, 1D, 3S highly excited states of C and O2+. Hyperfine structure parameters and magnetic coupling constants of these states are also calculated in this work. The present calculations

The Half Heusler alloy (HHA) MnCrP has been studied theoretically for structural, elasto-mechanical and phonon properties. The structure is optimized and the calculated structural parameters are close to the literature. This optimized data is used to estimate three independent second-order cubic elastic constants C11, C12 and C44. The mechanical stability criteria are explored by these constants and

Three-dimensional (3D) CAD models are useful for applications in the areas of CAD/CAM/CAE/CAQ. A desirous trend creating this model is a 3D model reconstruction from views. With this method, geometric information can be easily entered into computers while continuing to use existing 2D drawings in modern applications. Most of the previous works used three views as the input despite many common parts

The vertical tyre force is crucial to the study of the dynamics of a tractor semi-trailer. The paper presents an experimental method for determining the vertical tyre force by determining the vertical acceleration of the un-sprung mass and the vertical acceleration of the sprung mass when the tractor semi-trailer moves. The results of this study form the basis for determining the dynamic tyre force

Emerging memory technologies promise new memories to store more data at less cost. On the other hand, the scaling of silicon-based chips approached its physical limits. Nonvolatile memory technologies, such as resistive random-access memory (RRAM), are trying to solve this problem. The fundamental study in RRAM devices still needs to be moved further. In this regard, conduction mechanism of RRAM is

This paper proposes an individual-based mean-field model for fake news spreading on the PSO-based networks, assuming that ignorant individuals are more likely to believe and repost the fake news that are spread by the similar spreaders. Therefore, the spreading rate is related to the similarity between these individuals. Theoretical analysis shows that the critical threshold is in inverse proportion

The oxide layer on iron nitrides restricts the conductivity of electrode materials. The adsorption and dissociation processes of O2 on the Fe4N have been analyzed by using first-principles. Comparing all the O2Fe4N isomers, we find that O atom prefers to locate at the center site of Fe-Fe-Fe plane which stays away from N atom. It means that O2 molecule is dissociated on the surface of Fe4N molecule

Enhanced sensitivity, precise measurements and accuracy are the key factors to identify the performance of any sensor. In this paper, p-polycrystalline silicon micro-pressure sensor has been designed which works on the principle of piezoresistive effect. A theoretical modeling and computational simulation of the circular Si-diaphragm have been performed through the extensive study of stress and frequency

Due to the universality of asymmetric coupling-excitation in neuronal system and the important role of firing pattern in neural information coding and transmission, synchronous target mode decision mechanism of electrically coupled neuron system under asymmetric excitation is studied in this paper. In the beginning, based on an asymmetric excitation system with symmetrical coupling, according to the

The electronic and optical properties of black phosphorene with different bent angle are studied using density functional theory based on the first-principles. Within the scope of our study, it was found that the phosphorene becomes less stable with the increasement of bending deformation. Bending deformation has great impact on the electronic and optical properties on phosphorene. The bandgap degrades

In this paper, the plane wave ultra-soft pseudopotential method was performed to analyze the effect of neutral Zn vacancy (VZn) and O vacancy (VO) on the electronic and magnetic properties of Mn-doped ZnO systems. In a 2×2×2 ZnO:Mn supercell, the sites of VZn and VO were set as nearest neighbor, next nearest neighbor and far nearest neighbor relative to Mn site, respectively. The results indicated

This paper discusses the influence of Vietnam rare earth (RE) with the composition of 69.4% Ce and 30.5% La (modification content of 4% and 6%) on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Al–5Zn–3.5Mg–1.2Cu alloy when the temperature modification is changed at 750∘C in 150, 200, 250 s. By optical microscopy, the results showed that the microstructure of the modified sample is finer than the

In this paper, several types of solitons such as dark soliton, bright soliton, periodic soliton, kink soliton and solitary waves in three-dimensional and two-dimensional contour plot have been derived for the generalized third-order nonlinear Schrödinger dynamical equations (NLSEs). The generalized third-order NLSE is a significant model ultra-short pulses in optical fibers. The computational work

This paper is concerned with the structural balance problem for complex dynamical network with the help of coupling effect related to the external stimulations. Consider a network with time-varying and value-weighted links, which can be regarded as a dynamic system. The link dynamic system is modeled as a Riccati matrix difference equation with the coupling matrix related to the external stimulations

We propose a novel bio-sensor structure composed of slot dual-micro-ring resonators and mono-layer graphene. Based on the electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT)-like phenomenon and the light-absorption characteristics of graphene, we present a theoretical analysis of transmission by using the coupled mode theory and Kubo formula. The results demonstrate the EIT-like spectrum with asymmetric

The effect of intrinsic point defects on the electronic structure and absorption spectra of ZnO was investigated by first-principle calculation. Among the intrinsic point defects in ZnO, oxygen vacancies (VO) and interstitial zinc (Zni) have the lower formation energy and the more stable structure under zinc(Zn)-rich condition, whereas zinc vacancies (VZn) and interstitial oxygen (Oi) have the lower

In this paper, we propose a new type of smooth positon called novel rational positon. Similar to classic smooth positons, the modulus square of novel rational positons can also be decomposed. But there is a fundamental difference between classic smooth positons and novel rational positons in terms of algebraic structure and dynamical properties. Specific propositions and conclusions are given in Secs

In this paper, with the help of a computer package program, the auto-Bäcklund transformation method (aBTM) and the finite forward difference method are used for obtaining the wave solutions and the numeric and exact approximations to the FitzHugh–Nagumo (F-N) equation, respectively. We successfully obtain some wave solutions to this equation by using aBTM. We then employ the finite difference method

The first-principles calculations are used to investigate the effects on mechanical and electronic properties of Ti-7333 alloy under the tension stress along [001], [100] and [110] directions. First, we study the structure and elastic properties of Ti-7333 alloy with 2, 16, 54 and 128 atoms, finding that the structural parameters of four models are comparative due to the approximate value of c/a and

In order to solve the problem of strong penetration and difficult attenuation of low-frequency sound wave in traditional materials, several three-dimensional acoustic black hole superstructures are designed. First of all, multi-stage acoustic black holes are designed. It is found that their sound insulation coefficient is about 0.9 in the frequency range of 50–1600 Hz when the ration of the outlet

The main aim of this paper is to investigate the various dimensional nonlinear Fokas and Breaking soliton equations via a powerful analytical method, namely, sine-Gordon expansion method. Many new solutions such as complex combined dark-bright soliton solutions, singular and hyperbolic functions are derived. Choosing the suitable values of these parameters, various novel simulations are also plotted

In this paper, the effects of the electric and magnetic fields on the optical absorption of GaAs/AlGaAs quantum multirings were studied. Using the two-dimensional finite element method, energy eigenvalues and wavefunctions were calculated, and optical absorption was obtained by the density matrix approach. The result showed that optical absorption increases with increasing number and size of the rings

In this paper, the electrohydrodynamic (EHD) printing method for the flexible electronics with nanosilver ink was studied. The effect of DC voltage and air pressure on the printed nanosilver line was experimentally researched on the printing system. The necessary working voltage was above 600 V DC voltage, and when the voltage reached 1100 V, the line width increased from 100μm to 600μm. The air supply

Diamond etching of 〈100〉 orientation is processed in chemical vapor deposition (CVD) chamber using H2 as reactive gas. Etching process happens on diamond substrates using a variety of etch mask materials including copper and nickel. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and atomic force microscope (AFM) show different kinds of diamond etching pattern of two mask materials. It is observed that the etching

To clear the intermetallic Fe-N phases, how to effect the strength and magnetic features of iron nitrides thin films, the thermodynamic, mechanical and magnetic attributes of the Fe-N phases have been calculated at Perdew, Burke and Enzerhof (PBE) level. The results show that the Fe2N and Fe3N phases are more stable than the other considered Fe-N phases by the formation energies. Fe8N and Fe24N10 phases

In this paper, a modified Hindmarsh–Rose neuron model is presented, which has a fractional-order threshold magnetic flux. The dynamics of the model is investigated by bifurcation diagrams and Lyapunov exponents in two cases of presence and absence of the external electromagnetic induction. Then the emergence of the spiral waves in the network of the proposed model is studied. To find the effects of

The origin of high-temperature superconductivity has been widely debated since its discovery. Here, a model based on the interaction between carrier and local potential is proposed to reveal the mechanism. In this model, the potential that is analogous to the lattice point is composed of localized charges, whose vibration mediates the coupling of mobile carriers. A Hamiltonian that describes the vibration

An experimental investigation was conducted to study the fretting wear behavior of low alloyed construction steel in the tempered fully martensitic state. The resulting damage mechanism and the resistance to fretting wear of martensitic steels subjected to different tempering temperature was evaluated and compared with the virgin (un-tempered) martensitic steel under the different loading conditions

A type I superconductor expels a magnetic field from its interior to a surface layer of thickness λL, the London penetration depth. λL is a function of temperature, becoming smaller as the temperature decreases. Here we analyze the process of cooling (or heating) a type I superconductor in a magnetic field, with the system remaining always in the superconducting state. The conventional theory predicts

Predicting 3D structure of protein from its amino acid sequence is one of the most important unsolved problems in biophysics and computational biology. This paper attempts to give a comprehensive introduction of the most recent effort and progress on protein structure prediction. Following the general flowchart of structure prediction, related concepts and methods are presented and discussed. Moreover

Self-assembly of functionalized nanoparticles (NPs) provides a unique class of nanomaterials for exploring and utilizing quantum-plasmonic effects that occur if the interparticle separation between NPs approaches a few nanometers and below. We review recent theoretical and experimental studies of plasmon coupling in self-assembled NP structures that contain molecular linkers between the NPs. Charge

Reflection statistics have not been well studied for optical random media whose mean refractive indices do not match with the refractive indices of their surrounding media. Here, we theoretically study how this refractive index mismatch between a one-dimensional (1D) optical sample and its surrounding medium affects the reflection statistics in the weak disorder limit, when the fluctuation part of