While thermoplastic polymers exhibit several desirable properties, their applicability is limited by their high viscosity and extreme processing conditions. To overcome these limitations, in this study, we used the thermoforming process to produce carbon fiber/polyetherketoneketone (CF/PEKK) laminates, which were pre-made through an oven-based consolidation process using prepregs. The laminates were

The automatic tool changer (ATC) in computerized numerical control (CNC) milling machine often uses pneumatic dynamic sources. Friction in the pneumatic cylinder affects the ATC’s stopping position; this friction depends on many factors, including the air environment’s relative humidity and temperature. This paper presents the results of research on the effects of relative humidity (RH) and air temperature

In general, MgF2, which is a low-reflective coating material, has a refractive index of 1.38. The refractive index of a single layer of MgF2 is not sufficient for industrial applications. In this study, an anti-reflection MgF2 coating film with low reflectivity and high wear resistance was synthesized to be used as a single layer with a TEOS binder. The prepared anti-reflection coating film was coated

Low dielectric constant (Low-k) films are used as inter layer dielectric (ILD) in nanoelectronic devices to reduce interconnect delay, crosstalk noise and power consumption. Tailoring capability of porous low-k films attracted more attention. Present work investigates comparative study of xerogel, aerogel and porogen based porous low-k films. Deposition of SiO2 and incorporation of less polar bonds

Epoxy resins reinforced by basalt fibers were treated with a sulfuric acid solution for different periods and concentrations. The tensile strength of the composites was examined after the treatment. The fracture surfaces were characterized using scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The tensile strengths of the sulfuric acid solution-treated samples showed a decreasing

Cu2Te single crystal was grown by the Bridgman method. X-ray diffraction (XRD) study of Cu2Te single crystals in the temperature range of 293–893 K was performed and possible phase transitions in the mentioned range of temperature have been investigated. (Cu2Te)2−x(ZnTe)x single crystals also were grown with x=0.00, 0.05, 0.10 concentrations and structural properties of the obtained single crystals

Fluids are seen in such disciplines as atmospheric science, oceanography and astrophysics. In this paper, we investigate a (3 + 1)-dimensional generalized Kadomtsev–Petviashvili equation in a fluid. On the basis of the Painlevé analysis, we find that the equation is Painlevé integrable under a certain constraint. Through the truncated Painlevé expansion, we give an auto-Bäcklund transformation. By

We review recent interactions between mathematical theory of two-dimensional topological order and operator algebras, particularly the Jones theory of subfactors. The role of representation theory in terms of tensor categories is emphasized. Connections to two-dimensional conformal field theory are also presented. In particular, we discuss anyon condensation, gapped domain walls and matrix product

The production of long cellulose macrofibers starting from nanofibers is still complex and expensive. This study proposes a method of manufacturing long macrofibers from plant fiber bundles by chemically extracting non-cellulosic substances but preserving the original shape of the fibers. Once the cellulosic fiber bundles are dried, the original cellulose nanofibers are bridged to neighboring nanofibers

Inhibitory effect often suppresses electronic activities of the nervous system. In this paper, the inhibitory autapse is identified to enhance the degree of coherence resonance (CR) induced by noise in the Hodgkin–Huxley (HH) model with Hopf bifurcation from resting state to spiking with nearly fixed period T2. Without noise, the inhibitory autapse can induce a post inhibitory rebound (PIR) spike from

Elongated colloids with a permanent magnetic moment and immersed in a nematic liquid crystal are studied numerically using a mesoscopic scheme that supports fluctuations, hydrodynamics, and topological defects. Colloids are accompanied by disclinations curves and subjected to an effective torque caused by the nematic environment and to a magnetic torque due to an external magnetic field. The case is

In order to meet the requirements of “wide, thin, strong and light” for military stealth materials, it is of great practical value to study the absorbing characteristics of multi-layer MWCNTs/Fe3O4/NBR absorbing materials in space. First, we use the large-scale software COMSOL Multiphysics to simulate the absorbing characteristics of the composite thin plate in space. Then the four-port network matrix

We study a (1+1)-dimensional field theory based on the ψ2ln2ψ2 potential which represents minimal nonlinearity in the context of phase transitions. There are three degenerate minima at ψ=0 and ψ=±1. There are novel, asymmetric kink solutions of the form ψ=∓exp(−exp(±x)) connecting the minima at ψ=0 and ψ=∓1. The domains with ψ=0 repel the linear excitations, the waves (e.g., phonons). Topology restricts

Baidu search engine is the most common one adopted by Chinese Internet users, and Baidu index provides a platform to capture the behaviors of massive users on Baidu, which is one important statistical tool to mine the Internet users’ behaviors and characteristics in China. Here, we utilize the Baidu index data on greenhouse gas from January 1, 2011 to November 29, 2019, to perform the related statistical

Local community detection algorithms are an important type of overlapping community detection methods. Local community detection methods identify local community structure through searching seeds and expansion process. In this paper, we propose a novel local community detection method on line graph through degree centrality and expansion (LCDDCE). We firstly employ line graph model to transfer edges

The effects of Ti and Zr doping concentrations on the mechanical properties and electronic structure of the reduced Ce1−xMxO1.785 were studied. The calculated results show that elastic moduli of Ce1−xTixO1.875 decreased, while those of Ce1−xZrxO1.875 increased. Ce0.625Ti0.375O1.875 that undergoes structural transformation at 37.5 at.% Ti. Ce1−xMxO1.875 is ductile material. The degree of anisotropy

Self-phase modulation (SPM) induces a varying refractive index of the medium due to the optical Kerr effect. The optical waves propagation (OWP) in a medium with SPM occupied a remarkable area of research in the literature. A model equation to describe OWP in the absence of SPM was proposed very recently by Biswas–Arshed equation (BAE). This work is based on constructing the solutions that describe

In this study, we investigated dual solutions for the influence of chemical reaction and radiation effect on axisymmetric flow of magneto-Cross nanomaterial towards a radially shrinking disk on taking account of stagnation point. The governing expressions which describe the assumed flow are reduced to ordinary differential equations by opting suitable similarity variables. The dual solutions on the

Effect of 2 MeV electron beam at the current density 0.09 nA/cm2 on surface structure, nanocrystallite size of (ZrTi)CN nanocomposite coating on steel was investigated at Scanning Electron and Atomic Force microscopes, and also X-ray diffractometer. Using the Rietveld method, two structure phases were indentified in the pristine samples: (ZrTi)(CN)-cubic (space group Fm-3m) and TiC — trigonal (sp.gr

The excellent performance of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) allows them to be widely employed in various micro- and nano-electromechanical devices. However, different imperfections such as Stone–Wales (S-W) defects often arise in these structures during the preparation process. In this paper, special attention is paid to the effects of the number and location of defects as well as the diameter and chiral

Based on the three-dimensional memristive Hindmarsh–Rose model, the effects of Gaussian colored noise and electromagnetic induction on memory function of the memristor and neural firing states are investigated in this paper. It is found that the memory function of memristor can be suppressed by a higher signal frequency, while enhanced by a relatively larger coefficient of the memristor. The memory

The objective of this paper is to study the mixed convective nonsimilar flow above an exponentially stretching sheet saturated by nanofluid. The leading partial differential equations (PDEs) of the problem have been modified towards dimensionless nonlinear PDEs utilizing newly proposed nonsimilarity transformations. Furthermore, local nonsimilarity procedure up to-second truncation has been operated

The iterative propagation of information between nodes will strengthen the connection strength between nodes, and the network can evolve into different groups according to difference edge strength. Based on this observation, we present the user engagement to quantify the influences of users different propagation modes to network propagation, and construct weight network to simulate real social network

We study the electron-impact induced ionization of O2 from threshold to 120 eV using the electron spectroscopy method. Our approach is simple in concept and embodies the ion source with a collision chamber and a mass spectrometer with a quadruple filter as a selector for the product ions. The combination of these two devices makes it possible to unequivocally collect all energetic fragment ions formed

The equation of states (EOS) that correlates the pressure, volume and temperature (PVT) of detonation products is indispensable in the numerical modeling of blasting performances of energetic materials. Based on extensive molecular dynamics simulations on the mixtures of CO2, H2O, N2, CO and H2, which are the main components of detonation products of cyclotetramethylene tetranitramine (HMX), the relation

In this paper, a simulation model of p type PiN high voltage pulse open switch is established. The switch operates in “punch through” mode, with a 4 kA/cm2 cut-off current density and sub-nanosecond cut-off speed. The cut-off process of switch can be divided into three stages, that is, non-equilibrium carriers extraction stage, majority carriers drift stage and charging stage of junction capacitance

In order to study traffic dynamics on multilayer networks, it is of great significance to build a network model which can more exactly reflect the actual network layered structure characteristics. In this paper, a three-layer network model in which two logical layers are mapped on one physical layer is established, and the traffic capacities of three kinds of multilayer networks with different combinations

In this paper, we introduce a new (4 + 1)-dimensional KdV-like equation. By using the Bell Polynomial method, we obtain the bilinear form, bilinear Bäcklund transformation, Lax pair and infinite conservation laws. It is proved that the equation is completely integrable in Lax pair sense. Based on the Hirota bilinear method and the test function method, high-order lump solutions, high-order lump-kink

Onsager reaction field theory is used to investigate the one-dimensional ferromagnetic long-range interacting spin chain with the antiferromagnetic nearest-neighbor interaction (NNI) J̃. The ferromagnetic long-range interactions considered in this paper decay as J/rp with the distance r between lattice sites. It is found that both the zero temperature and finite-temperature phase diagrams of the system

In this paper, an air sector network (ASN) is built based on the obtained data describing the airspace of world. In the constructed network, nodes and edges represents the airports and airlines respectively. Based on the complex network and the entropy, we find that the airport rank obtained through the centrality and entropy theory is better than that derived through the traditional means. The improved

The photoelectric properties of ZnO-doped WSe2 thin films created on Si substrates by a thermal evaporation method were investigated. The effects of ZnO on the surface morphology, structure, photoluminescence, light absorption characteristics and electrical properties of WSe2 thin films were analyzed. It is found that the nucleation density and the crystallinity of the ZnO-doped WSe2 nanowires are

This motivating analysis aims to present the thermal mechanism for mixed convection flow of Reiner–Philippoff nanofluid with assessment of entropy generation. The thermal performances of nanomaterials have been modified by utilizing the nonuniform heat source/sink, Ohmic dissipations and thermal radiation consequences. The assumed surface is assumed to be porous with non-Darcian porous medium. The

We describe the transport of a finite chain of N identical particles in a thermal bath, through thin channels that forbid any crossing with a conceptually and technically simple method, that is neither restricted to the thermodynamic limit (infinite systems with finite density) nor to overdamped systems. We obtain analytically the mean squared displacement of each particle. Regardless of the damping

We compare our upper bounds on the exponential growth constant ϕ(Λ) characterizing the asymptotic behavior of spanning forests on Archimedean lattices Λ with recently derived upper bounds.Our upper bounds on ϕ(Λ), which are very close to the respective values of ϕ(Λ) that we have calculated, are shown to be significantly better for these lattices than the new upper bounds.

Flexible silver nanowires (AgNWs) transparent conductive films (TCFs) were fabricated on poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) substrate by using spray coating process. Effects of concentration and amount of AgNWs suspension on the performances of optoelectronics and microstructures of AgNWs TCFs were investigated. The experimental results demonstrate that as the increase of both of concentration and

Conventional sound shielding structures is difficult to meet the requirements of low-to-middle frequency broadband sound insulation and free ventilation. In this paper, we propose a ventilated metamaterial silencer based on Fano-like interference, which can achieve the sound transmission loss (STL) of more than 10 dB in the range of 516–970 Hz with subwavelength thickness (0.11 λ) while remains an

In this study, we investigate the effects of three body and higher-order interactions (HOIs) with two-body interaction on ground state properties of Bose–Einstein condensation (BEC) for combined optical and harmonic potentials in detail by solving new modified Gross–Pitaevskii equation (GPE). In fact, the basis of the study is combinations of attractive and repulsive two-body interaction with other

In this paper, we introduce a linear waveguide implemented by cascading acoustic black holes (ABHs). The asymmetric wave propagation, up to 46 dB, is observed and verified in simulation and experiment. It is shown that, in comparison with the previous nonlinear acoustic diodes, our waveguide can rectify the sound without shifting the impinging sound frequency. The device is simple and easy-to-fabricate

In this paper, time-fractional (2 + 1)-dimensional Nizhnik–Novikov–Veselov equations have been solved numerically utilizing the Kansa method, in which the multiquadrics are taken as radial basis function. To attain this, a numerical scheme based on finite difference and Kansa method has been proposed. In addition, the soliton solutions have been obtained by employing Kudryashov method and tanh method

This paper explored the impacts of vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) communication on the mixed traffic flow consisting of connected vehicles (CVs) and human-driven vehicles (HVs). We developed a cellular automaton model for mixed flow at the signalized intersection. In addition to considering the motion characteristics of CVs and the influence of HVs on the motion behavior of CVs, the model also considered

The odd-even staggering (OES) in nuclear binding energies is a well-known fact. A rather similar effect can be found in other finite fermion systems. For instance, ultra small metallic grains and metal clusters. The staggering in nuclei and grains is attributed primarily to pairing correlations. In clusters, it is originated by the Jahn–Teller effect [Phys. Rev. Lett.81, 3599 (1998)]. Here, we work

Ultrathin Ag and Ni/NiO films are sequentially produced on Corning glass and silicon substrates by means of magnetron sputtering. Post annealing treatment in a furnace with air at 420∘C and 500∘C may lead to the formation of Ag nanostructures in NiO environment. Some of these samples present local surface plasmon resonances (SPRs). The sequence in which each layer is deposited, as well as, the state

Owing to the advantages of small size and high integration that accelerometers made by MEMS technology, the Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) closed-loop feedback interface circuit of a sandwich capacitive accelerometer based on ARM is designed. Based on the design, a simulation by SIMULINK and a PCB board-level circuit are conducted. Simulation and measurement are provided to support the design. The realization

This paper explored the impacts of vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) communication on the mixed traffic flow consisting of connected vehicles (CVs) and human-driven vehicles (HVs). We developed a cellular automaton model for mixed flow at the signalized intersection. In addition to considering the motion characteristics of CVs and the influence of HVs on the motion behavior of CVs, the model also considered

Owing to the advantages of small size and high integration that accelerometers made by MEMS technology, the Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) closed-loop feedback interface circuit of a sandwich capacitive accelerometer based on ARM is designed. Based on the design, a simulation by SIMULINK and a PCB board-level circuit are conducted. Simulation and measurement are provided to support the design. The realization

This communication aims to develop the thermal flow model for generalized micropolar nanofluid with insensitive applications of bioconvection, activation energy and nonlinear thermal radiation. The generalized micropolar fluid model is the extension of traditional micropolar fluid model with viscoelastic relations. The viscous nature of non-Newtonian micropolar material can be successfully predicted

Coupling resonance mechanism of interfacial fatigue stratification of adhesive and/or welding butt joint symmetric and/or antisymmetric structures excited by horizontal shear waves are investigated by forced propagation analytical solutions derived by plane wave perturbation methods, integral transformation methods and global matrix methods. The influence of materials on the coupled resonance frequency

We report experimentally the properties of the hyperfine spectra in 5S1/2(F=2)–5P3/2(F′=2,3)–5D3/2(F′′=1,2,3) transitions of 87Rb. When the frequency of the coupling field is fixed between 5P3/2(F′=3)–5D3/2(F′′=3) transition and the probe scans the 5S1/2(F=2)–5P3/2 transitions, two-photon absorption (TPA) and electromagnetically induced transparent (EIT) peaks could be investigated simultaneously,

The regularity of the inter-spike intervals (ISIs) gives a critical window into how the information is coded temporally in the cortex. Previous researches mostly adopt pure feedforward networks (FFNs) to study how the network structure affects spiking regularity propagation, which ignore the role of local dynamics within the layer. In this paper, we construct an FFN with recurrent connections and investigate

Extruded samples of Bi85Sb15 solid solutions doped with 0.0005 at.% Te were obtained and the electrical conductivity (σ), thermoelectric power (Seebeck) (α), Hall (Rh) and thermal conductivity (χ) coefficients were investigated in the range ∼80–300 K samples and magnetic field strength up to 74×104 A/m, as annealed after extrusion, non-irradiated with gamma-quanta and the same samples irradiated with

Based on the electronic structure, the physical properties of Ca1−xYbxZn2Sb2 (x=0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1) Zintl compounds are studied. The transport properties can be significantly changed by varying the composition x. The materials under study are more metallic with increasing x and behaves like a semiconductor when x decreases. It is found that CaZn2Sb2 exhibits a larger thermopower magnitude (S=241μV/K

We investigated the influence that hybridization parity has on the so-called multiband superconductors, where we proposed a model with two bands a and b. Thus, we observe the behavior of intra-band superconductivity, the one whose coupling occurs between carriers that belong to the same band a or b, and inter-bands, when the coupling occurs between carriers of different bands a with b — from graphs

After pioneering attempts for the introduction of graph theory in the field of ceramics and microstructures, where 1D and 2D graphs were used, in this paper we applied 3D graphs for the breakdown voltage calculation in BaTiO3 sample with some predefined constraints. We have described the relations between grains in the sample and established a mathematical approach for the calculation of breakdown

Wettability, porosity and mechanical properties of ultrasonic-aided laser reflow soldering lead-free solder Sn-3.0Ag-0.5Cu (SAC305) on Cu pad have been investigated at ultrasonic vibration (USV) of different power. The parameters of laser reflow soldering are determined by the wetting experiment, and the effects of different ultrasonic powers on the performance of the solder joint are studied. Results

With the commutation relations of the spin operators, we first write out the equations of motion of the spin susceptibility and related correlation functions that have a hierarchical structure, then under the “soft cut-off” approximation, we give a set of equations of motion of spin susceptibilities for a spin S=1/2 antiferromagnetic Heisenberg model that is independent of whether or not the system

In this study, we carry out a simulation of the surface band structures for face-centered cubic (fcc) leads that end up in (100), (110) and (111) surfaces. The surface Hamiltonian matrix is constructed from tight-binding approach and the secular equations of the surface eigenvalue problem. The solution of the problem is performed by integrating the Landauer–Büttiker formalism (LBF) in the phase field

The optical and electronic properties of pure graphene, nitrogen doped graphene, gallium doped graphene and nitrogen and gallium co-doped graphene were researched based on the first-principle method of density functional theory (DFT). Pure graphene has a zero-band structure, and when doped in graphene, its bands are opened. In this study, the bandgap of N-doped graphene was 0.20 eV, Ga-doped graphene

Dynamical decoupling (DD) technique is one of the most successful methods to suppress decoherence in qubit systems. In this paper, we studied a solvable pure dephasing model and investigated how DD sequences and initial correlations affect this system. We gave the analytical expressions of decoherence functions and compared the decoherence suppression effects of DD pulses in Ohmic, sub-Ohmic and super-Ohmic

How to identify important nodes in complex networks? It is still an open problem. Many methods have been proposed to tackle this problem. The main contribution of this paper is to propose a method to identify important nodes based on local volume dimension (LVD). If the LVD of the node is lower, the node is more important. Promising results of experiments on four real-world networks compared with six

An analysis is made of the low-temperature behavior of the chemical potential μ of a quasi-two-dimensional electron gas near the resonance point (at the bottom of the miniband) and far from it. Low-temperature analytical formulas for μ(T) are obtained under the conditions of the existence of an arbitrary number of minibands. It is shown that with the increasing temperature near the resonance point