In this paper, a hollow core photonic crystal fiber (PCF)-based THz chemicals sensor has been presented. Hexagonal shaped hollow core and symmetrical hexagonal air lattices have been used in the cladding section to construct the PCF geometry. The developed PCF-based chemical sensor yields high performance in ethanol, methanol, water and benzene detection in targeted liquid samples in the THz regime

Epidemics are affected by the connectivity of nodes in networks in addition to the cooperation of infection transmission. We investigate quantitatively the effects of node connectivity on transmission dynamics by comparing epidemic diffusion in null models with gradual connection strength. Results show that: (1) the inhomogeneity of network connectivity accelerates the spreading of epidemics, this

The results of the investigation of two-layer Fe/Cr systems using the magneto-optical Kerr effect (MOKE) are presented in this paper. The samples were obtained by thermal evaporation in a vacuum with a thickness of individual layers from 2 nm to 50 nm. It was found that the presence of the Cr layer significantly affects the values of the coercivity and the Kerr angle. At a substrate temperature of

Background: This paper is concerned with a nonlinear semi-continuum model for an ultrathin structure. The basic equations of the theoretical model for silicon micro/nanosheets are derived, and the geometric nonlinearity is introduced in the model. Methods: From two different approaches including the new strain energy and the new external potential energy, we establish the nonlinear semi-continuum theoretical

In this paper, we show that complete integrability is preserved in a multicomponent differential-difference Volterra system with branched dispersion relation. Using the Hirota bilinear formalism, we construct multisoliton solutions for a system of coupled M equations. We also show that one can obtain the same solutions through a periodic reduction starting from a two-dimensional completely integrable

We explore the changes of Quantum Fisher information (QFI) for an uniformly accelerating atom coupling to fluctuating massless scalar field with a perfectly reflecting boundary. We first deduce the master equation that the system obeys. For the unbounded case, the vacuum fluctuation and Unruh thermal bath can rapidly degrade the QFI. However, with a boundary, the degradation, preservation, fluctuation

This article explores the abundant solitary wave solutions of the conformable coupled Jaulent–Miodek (JM) equations appearing in applied physics. The aforesaid coupled equations belong to the family of shallow-water wave equations. Two recent modified integration schemes are used for the first time to produce a novel solitary wave, trigonometric and other solutions with some free parameters in the

The elastic properties and electronic structure of tetragonal Potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KDP) under polishing pressures were investigated using the plane-wave pseudopotential method based on density functional theory. The results show that the calculated lattice constant, elastic constants and bandgap agreed well with the results of the experiments and the other calculations at ambient pressure

The influences of different ratios of Fe and N on the structure, mechanical and electronic properties of FexNy compounds were studied by using the first-principles study. Our obtained lattice parameters are in excellent agreement with the experimental data. The calculated density of the FexN1 compounds increases with the Fe content, which is almost consistent with the trend of the experimental results

Two-dimensional material-based photodetectors (PDs) show great potential owing to unique optoelectronic characteristics and attract much attention in research. However, poor absorption of two-dimensional material remains a vital restriction. Responsivity improvement by applying Au nanoparticles (NPs) through surface plasmon (SP) is studied both in theory and simulation. The effect of size and NPs distribution

Thin-wall parts have the advantages of light weight and high structural strength and are widely used in industrial fields. As the increasing requirements for the form accuracy and surface quality, ultra-precision cutting has been increasingly used to manufacture thin-walled parts. However, due to the small effect range (less than 10 μm) of residual stress caused by ultra-precision cutting, it cannot

In this paper, electronic and optical properties of GaN/InN core/shell nanowires (CSNWs) have been theoretically investigated through the first principles calculations. The binding energy of In and N atoms on surface of six crystal planes along the z-axis of GaN nanowires are all negative, which indicate that In and N atoms can be effectively deposited on the surface of GaN nanowires and preparing

Density Functional Theory (DFT) is used to investigate the phonon properties of CoFeCrZ (Z=Al, Si, Ga, Ge) equiatomic Quaternary Heusler Alloys. These alloys crystallize in face centered cubic (FCC) structure and have three crystal structures Y-Type I, Y-Type II and Y-Type III on the basis of their atomic positions. For CoFeCrZ (Z=Al, Si, Ga, Ge), Y-Type I is the most stable structure found in the

In this work, the mixed system composed of Zn2GeO4: Mn and MgGeO3: Mn, Eu was synthesized by the high temperature solid phase method. Under the external excitation, visual color of samples was yellow. However, after the excitation was completed, visual color turned to be red. From luminescence spectrum, it was found that Zn2GeO4: Mn emitted green fluorescence of 534 nm under the excitation of 375 nm

The molecular dynamics simulation has been performed to study the effects of temperature on interdiffusion of Ni–Zr system. The simulated results indicate that the thickness of Ni/Zr diffusion layer increased with increasing diffusion time, and interdiffusion results in disordered or amorphization in the diffusion zone. During the diffusion process, Ni atoms diffuse crossing the interface more easily

We have applied the first-principles method to predict the phase stability, elastic and thermodynamic properties of ternary (AlCrFe, AlCrNi, CrFeNi and AlFeNi) and quaternary (AlCrFeNi) medium-entropy alloys (MEAs). Both body-centered cubic (BCC) and face-centered cubic (FCC) disordered structures are described using the special quasi-random structures (SQSs) technique. AlCrFe, AlCrNi and AlCrFeNi

In this paper we study the nonlocal reductions for the non-isospectral Ablowitz-Kaup-Newell-Segur equation. By imposing the real and complex nonlocal reductions on the non-isospectral Ablowitz-Kaup-Newell-Segur equation, we derive two types of nonlocal non-isospectral nonlinear Schrödinger equations, in which one is real nonlocal non-isospectral nonlinear Schrödinger equation and the other is complex

The structures with different compositions of the binary Mg–Y alloys have been predicted by first-principles calculations combined with an unbiased Crystal structure Analysis by Particle Swarm Optimization (CALYPSO) structure searching method. The two already known stoichiometries alloys of Mg1Y1 with Pm-3m symmetry and Mg3Y1 with Fm-3m are confirmed, and a new stoichiometry alloy of Mg1Y3 with P2/m

In this present article, the new (2+1)-dimensional modified Calogero-Bogoyavlenskii-Schiff (mCBS) equation is studied. Using the Lie group of transformation method, all of the vector fields, commutation table, invariant surface condition, Lie symmetry reductions, infinitesimal generators and explicit solutions are constructed. As we all know, an optimal system contains constructively important information

Molten salts constitute one kind of PCMs (Phase Change Materials) widely used in concentrating solar power facilities for heat storage and heat transfer. This paper aims to simulate nanofluid PCMs with molecular dynamics method. Concretely, the thermophysical properties of a nanofluid of KNO3 doped with SiO2 nanoparticle are investigated by equilibrium and nonequilibrium molecular dynamics simulations

In this paper, a new state called superposition of multiple-photon-added two-mode squeezed vacuum state (SMPA-TMSVS) is introduced by adding the multiple photons to both modes of a two-mode squeezed vacuum state (TMSVS). We explicitly investigate the degree of quantum entanglement, the Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen (EPR) correlation and the quantum steering in the SMPA-TMSVS. The results show in the SMPA-TMSVS

In this paper, the impurity states in square, parabolic and V-shaped quantum wells (QWs) are calculated by the plane wave method under the theoretical framework of effective mass envelope function approximation. In different shaped QWs, the impurity binding energies in 1s-like state and 2p-like state have the same trend with the increase of QW width. However, the transition energies of impurity states

Due to the large difference in mode size and effective-index mismatch between the optical fiber and the waveguides on the photonic integrated circuits, it is a big challenge to efficiently couple light into thin semiconductor waveguides. In this paper, a taper plasmonic coupler is presented to couple fiber light into an Si waveguide. The taper plasmonic coupler structure is optimized, and the alignment

For a variable-coefficient Korteweg–de Vries equation in a lake/sea, two-layer liquid, atmospheric flow, cylindrical plasma or interactionless plasma, in this paper, we derive the bilinear Bäcklund transformation, non-isospectral Ablowitz–Kaup–Newell–Segur system and infinite conservation laws for the wave amplitude under certain constraints among the external force, dissipation, nonlinearity, dispersion

In the current study, we instigate the four-dimensional nonlinear modified Zakharov–Kuznetsov (NLmZK) equation. The NLmZK equation guides the attitude of weakly nonlinear ion-acoustic waves in a plasma comprising cold ions and hot isothermal electrons in the presence of a uniform magnetic field. Two different methods are used, namely the sine-Gordon expansion method (SGEM) and the (1/G′)-expansion

Stochastic resonance is significant for signal detection. In this paper, a method to improve the stochastic resonance performance in a bistable system excited by bounded noise is studied. Specifically, we add a high-frequency signal to the system as an auxiliary excitation to induce vibrational resonance and focus on the influence of the auxiliary excitation waveform on the improvement effect. We investigate

In virtue of identifying the influence of nodes, the spatial distance of rumor propagation is defined with the partition and clustering in the network. Considering the temporal and spatial propagation characteristics of rumors in online social networks, we establish a delayed rumor propagation model based on the graph theory and partial functional differential equations. Firstly, the unique existence

Electron-impact excitation of tungsten ions Wq+(q=40−43) has been studied using the fully relativistic distorted wave (RDW) theory. The excitation cross-sections of selected electric dipole allowed transitions of these ions to be determined for the incident electron energies from the excitation threshold to 20 keV. Further, the calculated cross-section results are fitted with an analytical expression

This paper addresses the effect of temperature variation on the performance of a novel device structure Si-doped HfO2 negative capacitance junctionless tunnel field effect transistor (Si:HfO2 NC-JLTFET). Here, Si:HfO2 ferroelectric material is deployed as gate stack along with high-K gate dielectric HfO2. Si:HfO2 ferroelectric material generates NC effect during the device operation. This phenomenon

Ni–Al2O3 composite coatings were prepared with a modified Watt’s bath by using jet electrodeposition method. As the key process parameter, current density and the addition of Al2O3 nanoparticles in electrolyte were studied about the effect on the surface morphology and co-deposition of Al2O3 nanoparticles of composite coating. The mechanical and tribological properties of the composite coating were

Chaotic systems can be used for secure communication and image encryption by applying a variety of encryption algorithms. While most of the low-dimensional chaotic systems and maps can be estimated by using phase reconstruction and thus the safety in signal processing and propagation is attacked. In this paper, an initial-dependent dynamical system, which is developed from the Rössler system by adding

The novel coupling Benjamin–Ono system is obtained with the dark parameterization approach.By solving these coupling equations, three typical explicit solutions including the traveling wave solution are constructed through the special property of the anyon-n algebra. Several novel types of localized excitations are depicted with some solutions.

Cellulose nanofluids have a great application potential in the energy industry, and their thermal properties are substantially affected by the components and microstructures of nanofluids. Therefore, this study investigated the isobaric heat capacity and thermal conductivity of cellulose Iβ nanofluids mixing with H2O by molecular dynamics (MD). The results showed that the existence of water in cellulose

Many practice problems can be transformed into complex networks, and complex network community discovery has become a hot research topic in various fields. The classic label propagation algorithm (LPA) can give community partition very quickly, but stability of the algorithm is poor due to random label propagation. To solve this problem, community leader principle is built and transition probability

We consider a double-layer system made of two parallel bilayer graphene sheets separated by a dielectric medium. We calculate the finite-temperature electrical conductivity of the first layer due to charged impurities located in two layers. We study the effects of temperature, interlayer distance, dielectric constants and impurity concentration, carrier concentration on the electrical conductivity

Dynamical behavior of the optical traveling pulses for the resonant nonlinear Schrödinger (RNS) equation with external periodic force is studied. Using a complex transformation we obtain an unperturbed dynamical system for the RNS equation. Existence of periodic optical pulses, solitary optical pulses of dark and bright types, breaking optical pulses is dispensed using phase plane analysis of the unperturbed

We propose a novel scheme for faithful bidirectional quantum teleportation (BQT) in which Alice can transmit an unknown N-qubit entangled state to Bob and at the same time Bob can transmit an unknown M-qubit entangled state to Alice by using a four-qubit entangled G-state as a quantum channel. We also propose a new scheme for cyclic QT of multi-qubit entangled states by using two G-states as a quantum

Ferroliquids are made out of exceptionally tiny nanoscale particles (usually diameter 10 nanometers or less) of hematite, magnetite or some other compound comprising iron and a liquid. This is small enough for thermal agitation to scatter them equally inside a transporter liquid, and for them to contribute to general magnetic response of the liquid. The composition of the typical ferroliquid is about

Due to the outstanding performance of resistance random access memory (RRAM) in the memory field, the study of resistive switching (RS) phenomena has become extremely noticeable in the recent years. The mechanism of metal conductive filamentary RRAM is already clear, but the conditions of the RS are still unclear. Therefore, this paper aims to explore the conditions for the occurrence of resistive

This paper focuses on realizing the exact solutions of three distinct important biological models using the Painlevé approach. These three models are the nonlinear dynamics of microtubules — a new model, the Kundu–Eckhaus model and the double chain model of DNA. Furthermore, the numerical solutions of these three equations have been achieved using the variational iteration method.

According to the standard theory of superconductivity, the origin of superconductivity is electron pairing. The induced current by a magnetic field is calculated by the linear response to the vector potential, and the supercurrent is identified as the dissipationless flow of the paired electrons, while single electrons flow with dissipation. This supercurrent description suffers from the following

We study the entanglement of formation and the quantum discord contained in even and odd multipartite j-spin coherent states. The key element of this investigation is the fact that a single j-spin coherent state is viewed as comprising 2j qubit states. We compute the quantum correlations present in the n even and odd j-spin coherent states by considering all possible bipartite splits of the multipartite

Nanotechnology plays an important role in the development of modern science and technology. In this paper, the alloying process of Cu and Au nanoparticles with different diameters (Cu(100 Å) and Au(70 Å), Au(100 Å) and Cu(70 Å), Au(100 Å) and Cu(50 Å) Cu(100 Å) and Au(50 Å)) was investigated by molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. Cu and Au nanoparticles contact each other at 300 K. The melting temperature

This paper presents results of study in building diagnostic regressive models (RMs) of cylinders in Marine Diesel Engine (MDE) using torsional vibration signal (TVS) on the propulsion shaft-line. For diagnostic purpose, the vectors of diagnostic signs (VDS) were designed and constructed based on the features of the TVS: maxima and minima relatively with z working cylinders in real-time domain, or amplitudes

Core–shell structure [email protected]2 was synthesized by sol–gel method. The photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue over the [email protected]2 reached 98% under UV light irradiation within 5 h. The band gap of the core–shell [email protected]2 was found to have a redshift through a sintering treatment. The redshifted [email protected]2 had a good performance of methylene-blue degradation (reaching

Screw air compressors have been being used widely for 45 years. There are many research works on these machines, but there have been still many problems, especially on designing and machining their screw pair, to study. This paper focuses on gate screw profiling from the main screw profile and disc tool profiling for manufacturing the screw pair. The air compressor screw 3D model pair, designed by

In this paper, the Photoplethysmography (PPG) signal response of humans under different perceptual stimuli was mainly discussed. The autonomic nervous system (ANS) regulates the functioning of organs or tissues in the body to make the body adapt to the environment. When the human body is stimulated, it can obtain information about ANS from the analysis results of heart rate variability (HRV).The proposed

Slag fiber has economic and environmental advantages in that it converts a low-value-added material to a high-value-added material. However, although the slag fiber has a chemical composition similar to basalt fiber, its competitiveness in the fiber industry is significantly lower. Moreover, the slag fiber remains in the pre-commercial stage due to the uncertainty and instability of the basic properties

This paper proposes a method for high-precision radius measurements. The proposed system uses a frequency-modulation technique to improve the accuracy of detecting cat’s eye and the confocal position of a lens. The distance between two points defined as the radius of a lens was measured by using a frequency-modulated Michelson interferometer. In the confocal part, when the tested lens was moved along

This paper presents some results of simulation using ANSYS CFX software in design air spindle which has the structure in the form of orifice and grooves to ensure uniform pressure distribution and avoiding air hammer; it is also easy to manufacture and reduces costs. The results of simulation are good in investigating operation of air-spindle which is changed some parameters to find the optimal working

Thermal-assisted machining (TAM) is an effective processing solution to improve productivity and product quality made from materials with high strength and hardness. This method is widely used in nonchip machining such as forging, stamping, deep drawing, etc. For the method of heating on the molds, it is possible to control local heat or uniform heat on the workpiece. However, the calculation of heat

In this paper, three-dimensional images were used to analyze the association between dose-volume parameters and radiation-induced brain edema in patients with a brain tumor after receiving stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS). The computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance images (MRI) and treatment parameters were transferred through the treatment planning system (Multiplan, version 5.1.3). The correlation

The grinding process of Titanium (Ti) alloys is extremely difficult as the cutting temperature is much higher than other machining processes due to the low thermal conductivity, high chemical reactivity, and rapid work hardening during machining of Ti alloys. This research investigates the effect of technology parameters on the surface roughness in the surface grinding of Ti–6Al–4V (Ti64) alloy with

Monitoring vibrations (VMs) of the sea-going ships are necessary to measure and control under the Rules for Classification and Construction of Sea-going Ships of some national registers, such as Russian Maritime Register (RMR) of shipping, Edit 2014. The VM is important and necessary for safety marine diesel engine (MDE) in its technical operation at dangerous levels of torsional, axial or lateral

In this paper, selective laser sintering (SLS) was applied to join two materials by printing Ti–6Al–4V powder on a Ti substrate without any support parts. The characteristics of the interface between the as-built Ti–6Al–4V sample and the substrate were investigated. The analysis indicates that a heat-affected zone (HAZ) and the fish-scale type were formed at the joining area. The combination of smaller

Mantispids are small brown bugs about 1.5 cm in length. Mantispid eggs are produced in large quantities, with about 1000 eggs per spawning, and are tiny and densely packed. Traditionally, mantispid eggs are counted manually. However, counting such a large quantity of eggs is difficult. To provide accurate data for researchers, we detail methods to accurately detect and count the number of mantispid

The movement of a piston rod in a pneumatic cylinder is directly affected by the air humidity in the atmosphere, especially in the case of piston rods without any means of protection or grease on their surfaces. In a pneumatic cylinder system, the friction between the piston rod and the rod seal is sliding friction, and it has a significant value that varies with the variation in the moisture on the

This paper’s aim is to describe the results of the phase transformation of BCuAl9Fe4 alloy after casting, quenching and aging. After casting, the microstructure of this alloy consists of α phase with grain size about 100 μm, mixture (α+γ) and the inter-metallic phase Fe3Al. However, the proportion of the α phase in the casting alloy is coarse. The alloy was heated at 850∘C for 2 h then quickly cooling

The vacuum pump usually used traditional curves such as the circular, cycloidal curves and their combinations to construct tooth profile. However, to increase efficiency and design flexibility for the vacuum pump, a novel rotor tooth profile for Roots rotor of vacuum pumps is proposed. Which is named “CEIEC” tooth profile and orderly composed of five significant segments, a circular arc for tooth tip

Aircraft approaching is the most dangerous phase in every complete flight. To solve the pressure of air traffic controllers and the landings delayed problems caused by the huge air traffic flow in Terminal Control Area (TCA), an automatic Air Traffic Control (ATC) instructions system is initially designed in this paper. It applies the fuzzy theory to make instant and appropriate decisions which can