Nonlinear optics plays a crucial part in the progress of laser-based technologies and optical science. In this paper, we investigate the three-coupled variable-coefficient nonlinear Schrödinger system, which describes the amplification or attenuation of the picosecond pulses in an inhomogeneous multicomponent optical fiber with different frequencies or polarizations. Based on the existing Lax pair

This paper presents results of density functional theory (DFT) studies on structural, electronic, and magnetic properties of novel Y2FeSi Heusler material characterized by spin polarization at Fermi level of σ=79.3% and magnetic moment of 1.56 μB. The total magnetic moment of investigated material is dominated by Iron sites, while magnetic moments coming from Yttrium sites are aligned antiparallel

In this paper, we study (2+1)-dimensional non-linear spin dynamics of Heisenberg ferromagnetic spin chains equation (HFSCE) for various soliton solutions. We obtain two types of optical solitons i.e. chirp free and chirped solitons. We obtain bright and bright-like soliton, singular-like solitons, periodic and rational solutions, Weierstrass elliptic functions solutions and other solitary wave solutions

In order to reveal the operating characteristics of the pumpjet propulsor, standard k–𝜀, standard k–ω, RNG k–𝜀 and SST k–ω turbulence models were used to conduct steady calculation for the whole flow channels. By comparing the calculation results with experimental data, it was found that the calculation errors were very large in some operating conditions. Therefore, the uncertainty analysis was carried

Social networks are made up of members in society and the social relationships established by the interaction between members. Community structure is an essential attribute of social networks. The question arises that how can we discover the community structure in the network to gain a deep understanding of its underlying structure and mine information from it? In this paper, we introduce a novel community

The structural and temperature reliance manner of the thermodynamic parameters of Ni–Al intermetallic compounds with different pressures is comprehensively studied by executing first-principles calculation using the density functional theory (DFT). The calculated optimized volume and bulk modulus are in good agreement with the experimental and theoretical results at zero pressure. Quasi-harmonic Debye

In this work, a novel stishovite–aluminum alloy with chemical formula SiO2–Al–SiO2 is proposed. The structural, electronic and optical properties were obtained using GGA-PBE functional. The study of electronic properties of SiO2–Al–SiO2 shows that it has a bandgap energy at 22 meV, compared to a much wider energy gap inside stishovite. The band structure of SiO2–Al–SiO2 reported in this work indicates

This article investigates the optical solitons to the three coupled Gross–Pitaevskii (GP) system (also called the non-linear Schrödinger (NLS) equation), which describes the F=1 spinor Bose–Einstein condensate, with F denoting the atom’s spin. The solutions are expressed in the form of hyperbolic function solutions that have different physical meanings such that the hyperbolic tangent appears in the

The effects of Fe–NM (NM=B, C, N) co-doping on the stability, electronic structures, magnetic and optical properties of 2H-WSe2 monolayer are investigated in detail by spin-polarized density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The results show that the Fe-doped WSe2 monolayer exhibits magnetic half-metallicity (HM) with a 100% spin polarization due to the electrons partially occupied Fe e1 and a1

Temporal birefringent effects in the fibers change the crosstalk behaviors inside and between the fiber cores in the linear and non-linear optical power areas. This paper studies a non-linear Schrödinger system with the four-wave mixing term, which describes the optical solitons in a birefringent fiber. We construct the generalized Darboux transformation, and acquire the higher-order semirational solutions

The goal of our research is to establish the direction of coronavirus chaotic motion to control corona dynamic by fractal nature analysis. These microorganisms attaching the different cells and organs in the human body getting very dangerous because we don’t have corona antivirus prevention and protection but also the unpredictable these viruses motion directions what resulting in very important distractions

In this paper, the magnetostriction and stress of an orthotropic mechanical high-temperature superconducting disk with a concentric small hole are investigated based on the exponential model of the critical state. Approximate solutions of the displacement and stress for the superconducting disk during zero-field cooling (ZFC) and field-cooling (FC) processes are obtained. The results show that tensile

The tube theory has made a detailed description for the linear polymer entangled system, while the behavior of entangled star polymers is still determined by a qualitative prediction. In this paper, the dynamical simulation of a three-arms star polymer in the grid model is presented. We record the diffusion coefficient D, the relaxation time for the arms of star polymer τarm and some other parameters

The layered Bi3O4Br nanoplates were synthesized through a simple calcination process, which can simultaneously harvest visible light and ultrasonic vibration to realize the effective piezo-photocatalysis. The piezo-photocatalysis over the Bi3O4Br leads to a great enhancement in catalytic efficiency with respect to the pure photocatalysis or piezocatalysis. The apparent rate constant of piezo-photocatalysis

Based on the logic Bell states, we present two novel multi-party quantum key agreement (QKA) protocols under collective noise. The proposed protocols make full use of four-qubit logic Bell states as quantum resources and perform the novel encoding operation to generate the shared key. The security analysis shows that these two protocols can resist against both participant and outsider attacks. Furthermore

In this paper, the first-principles calculation methods are used to obtain the generalized stacking fault (GSF) energy of Al and Al alloy surface structures. At the same time, after obtaining the atomic pair potential, GSF energy is calculated by the means of atomic simulation simultaneously. By comparison, the calculation of GSF energy at different scales is consistent and the study of GSF energy

In this paper, the boundary rounding effects of two types of non-circular GaN microcavity system are numerically simulated by the finite element method. When the rounding parameter s of the hexagonal microcavity decreases, the six corners of the regular hexagon are gradually rounded, the results show that the optical mode gradually changes from the hexagonal whispering-gallery mode (WGM) to the perfect

Local resonance structure (LRS) can effectively suppress wave transmission, but the design of LRS with tunable band gaps is still a challenge. This work proposes an LRS with two tunable band gaps, where the first bandwidth is successfully enlarged almost five times, and finally a low-frequency broadband with 60–420 Hz is obtained with the second disappearing because of the remarkable modification of

A general expression for the optical theorem for probe sources given in terms of propagation invariant beams is derived. This expression is obtained using the far field approximation for Rayleigh regime. In order to illustrate this results is revisited the classical and standard scattering elastic problem of a dielectric sphere for which the incident field can be any arbitrary invariant beam.

TiO2 thin films were deposited on quartz substrate by RF-magnetron sputtering technique. The effect of varying oxygen fraction f(O2)=(O2/(Ar+O2) on the surface morphology, structure, electrical and optical properties was investigated. Decreasing the oxygen fraction promotes phase transformation to the extent of isolating anatase phase with well oriented A(101) preferred crystal orientation at f(O2)

An equal-period plane diffraction grating fabricated through electron beam lithography line-by-line method was designed and applied to the experiment of angle sensitivity testing. The size of the fabricated grating region was 50×10 mm and the period was 1526 nm. The incident light was transmitted via the Y-type fiber to collimator lens fixed on the angle disc, which can be adjusted to change the incident

With the popularization of 3D printing technology, micro/nanoparticles sintering technology has drawn lots of attentions all over the world. Here, molecular dynamic simulation is employed to discuss the effects of different interfacial lattice structures, different diameter of nanoparticles, and different heating rates on the coalescence of metallic Cu nanoparticles. The results showed that the diameter

This paper studies the new closed form solutions to (2+1)-dimensional Bogoyavlenskii system that describes interaction of a Riemann wave propagation. The extended Fan sub-equation technique is used to investigate some new traveling wave solutions to the higher-dimensional coupled model. The obtained closed form solutions are named as shock, kink, shock and periodic soliton solutions. Clearly, the outcomes

Based on the investigation of (2+1)-dimensional ZK–mZK–BBM equation, it describes the gravity water waves in a long-wave regime. With the help of the semi-inverse method and the variational method, the time fractional ZK–mZK–BBM equation is derived in the sense of Riemann–Liouville fractional derivatives, which opens a new window for understanding the features of gravity water waves. Further, the symmetry

The effects of grain boundary (GB) and defect on the deformation behaviors of graphene under tension or compression in directions perpendicular (x-axis) or parallel (y-axis) to GB are investigated by molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. The results show that the bicrystalline graphene can sustain more load under tension along y-axis than along x-axis, and that regardless of tensile directions, the yield

In 2017, Chen et al. [Quantum Inf. Process.16 (2017) 201] proposed a scheme for cyclic quantum teleportation (CYQT) of three single-qubit information states among three participants by using six-qubit entangled state as a quantum channel. Following the work of Chen et al., we propose a new scheme for CYQT in which four participants cyclically teleport four arbitrary single-qubit information states

In this paper, we calculated the defect formation energy of oxygen vacancies with different charge states (0, +1, +2) in beryllium oxide crystal by using density functional theory (DFT). Based on defect formation energy, the positions of charge transition levels are obtained. However, there is a well-known problem that DFT will underestimate the band gap, which leads to the positions of charge transition

In this paper, to characterize the effect of topological defects on the entanglement of topological states, we introduce the concept of local entanglement entropy. By using the spinless px+ipy superconductor with quantized vortices, we numerically calculated the local entanglement entropy. In the topological superconducting (weak-pairing) phase, we found that the local entanglement entropy turns to

A theoretical investigation has been made of the magnetoplasmon excitations in a quasi-one-dimensional electron system composed of vertically stacked, self-assembled InAs/GaAs quantum dots. The smaller length scales involved in the experiments impel us to consider a perfectly periodic system of two-dimensionally confined InAs quantum dot layers separated by GaAs spacers. Subsequent system is subjected

In this article, we investigate the optical soiltons and other solutions to Kudryashov’s equation (KE) that describe the propagation of pulses in optical fibers with four non-linear terms. Non-linear Schrodinger equation with a non-linearity depending on an arbitrary power is the base of this equation. Different kinds of solutions like optical dark, bright, singular soliton solutions, hyperbolic, rational

Using finite element modeling based on the COMSOL package, we analyzed the static and dynamic performance of a multistage cryocooler, the coldest stage of which is constituted of thermoelectric legs. Using published data on the achievable parameters of lanthanum-cerium hexaborides, we modeled a single and double-stage thermoelectric cooler. Estimates are also provided for an N-stage cooler. The results

In this work, we investigate the perturbed optical solitons to the Gerdjikov-Ivanov equation consisting of group velocity dispersion and quintic nonlinearity coefficients, which communicate the propagation of pulses in nonlinear optics. The various kinds of solitons in single and combined forms like dark, singular, dark-singular, bright-dark are derived by Fan-extended sub equation method. Moreover

This research is based on the idea to design the interface structure around the grains and thin layers between two grains, as a possible solution for deep microelectronic parameters integrations. The experiments have been based on nano-BaTiO3 powders with Y-based additive. The advanced idea is to create the new observed directions to network microelectronic characteristics in thin films coated around

ZnSc2Se4 and CdSc2Se4 spinels in cubic phase are analyzed by using ab-initio total energy calculations in order to examine their structure along with optoelectronic and thermoelectric characteristics. We used Perdew–Burke–Ernzerhof (PBEsol) generalized gradient approximation (GGA) to evaluate the structural parameters and found that our predicted parameters are good compared with existing other theoretical

By using the density functional theory (DFT), we explored ferromagnetic and electronic transport aspects of CaM2S4 (M = Ti, Cr) spinels. For both spinels, we used PBEsol generalized gradient approximation (GGA) to investigate structural parameters and noted that studied spinels are good compared with the existing parameters. A novel exchange correlation potential, modified Becke and Johnson (mBJ),

By applying non-local elasticity theory and plane wave expansion (PWE) method to Timoshenko beam, the calculation method of band structure of a non-local piezoelectric phononic crystal (PC) Timoshenko nanobeam is proposed and formulized. In order to investigate the properties of wave propagating in the nanobeam in detail, bandgaps of first four orders are picked, and the corresponding influence rules

In the present work, we performed a theoretical work to investigate how a make-to-order (MTO) company operates its producing plan for dealing with a rush-order-inserting problem. Firstly, we constructed two models, the time-minimized and cost-minimized model, to investigate the energy-cost generated by the prey during experiencing the pursuit-evasion game. Inspired by the natural pursuit-evasion game

Formation of embedded Co nanostructures in Cu(001) surface under electromigration is investigated on the atomic scale by performing self-learning kinetic Monte Carlo (kMC) simulations. The analysis of simulation results reveals the following important result. The electromigration of vacancies does not influence on the self-organization of Co nanostructures in the first layer of Cu(001) surface at all

This paper presents a sigma-delta interface for fluxgate sensor based on a single-loop high-order modulation. A feedforward summation loop structure can reduce the linearity overload in integrators and the swing of integration signals. A Local feedback branch is proposed to realize the zero of noise transfer function (NTF) optimization and enhance noise shaping performance within signal band. The interface

The evaporation of fluid on solid surface is an important process in nature and industry. The high-efficiency heat transport between the working fluid and the solid surface can enhance the energy conversion and utilization. Thus, it is of great significance to study the mechanism of the evaporation phenomenon at the liquid–solid interface. In this study, the evaporation of refrigerant R32 on Pt surface

In this paper, we consider the shallow water wave model in the (2+1)-dimensions. The Hirota simple method is applied to construct the new dynamics one-, two-, three-, N-soliton solutions, complex multi-soliton, fusion, and breather solutions. By using the quadratic function, the one-lump, mixed kink-lump and periodic lump solutions to the model are obtained. The Hirota bilinear form variable of this

A triple mixed-spin Ising system defined on the Bethe lattice is numerically investigated by means of exact recursion relations (ERRs) calculations. The lattice is constituted by three types of magnetic atoms A, B, C with spins 1/2, 1, 3/2 respectively arranged in the form ABCABC. The effects of bilinear exchange and crystal-field interactions as well as those of thermal fluctuations on the order parameters

Based on the Gurtin–Murdoch surface/interface model and complex potential theory, by constructing a new conformal mapping, the anti-plane fracture problem of three nano-cracks emanating from a magnetoelectrically permeable triangle nano-hole in magnetoelectroelastic materials with surface effect is studied. The exact solutions of the stress intensity factor, the electric displacement intensity factor

We fabricated few-layered MoSe2 nanosheets via the simple ultrasonic-assisted liquid phase exfoliation (UALPE) method. Typical characterizations and testing were exploited to confirm the nonlinear absorption properties of MoSe2 nanoflakes. A passively Q-switched Nd:YVO4 laser emitting 1 μm wavelength was demonstrated with the as-prepared MoSe2 saturable absorber (SA). The stable pulses were generated

In this paper, finite-time synchronization for a class of complex-valued coupled chaotic systems with bounded non-identical perturbations and discontinuous activations is investigated. State feedback controller and Lyapunov function are designed to deal with time delay of the coupled systems. By separating the state variables into real and imaginary parts and using chain rule, sufficient conditions

Over the past decade the study of fluidic droplets bouncing and skipping (or “walking”) on a vibrating fluid bath has gone from an interesting experiment to a vibrant research field. The field exhibits challenging fluids problems, potential connections with quantum mechanics, and complex nonlinear dynamics. We detail advancements in the field of walking droplets through the lens of Dynamical Systems

The Burgers-type equations are applied to oceanography, hydrodynamic turbulence, gas dynamics, shock-wave formation, acoustic transmission structure, boundary-layer behavior, continuum-traffic simulation, convection-dominated diffusion, wave formation in the thermo-elastic media, vorticity transport, dispersion in the porous media, particle sedimentation in fluid suspension, colloid evolution, and

This research is focused on further developing of application and use of graph theory in order to describe relations between grains and to establish control over layers. We used functionalized BaTiO3 nanoparticles coated with Yttrium-based salt. The capacitance change results on super-microstructure levels are the part of the measured values on the bulk samples. The new idea is graph theory application

In addition to Dirac and Weyl fermions, exotic massless fermions with non-zero Berry curvature fluxes may exist in condensed matter systems under the protection of crystal symmetry, for example, spin-1 excitations with threefold degeneracy and spin-3/2 Rarita–Schwinger–Weyl fermions with fourfold degeneracy. More recently, the theory of topological quantum chemistry has provided us with a convenient

Two integrable discretizations of general differential-difference coupled Volterra equations with multiple branches of dispersion are constructed using the Hirota bilinear formalism. The multi-soliton solutions are built and discussed for both discretizations and the nonlinear forms of completely discretized Volterra system are recovered.

We adopt long short-term memory (LSTM) networks to model and characterize chaotic systems rather than conventional dynamical equations. We find that a well-trained LSTM system can synchronize with its learned chaotic system via transmitting a common signal. In the same fashion, we show that when learning an identical chaotic system, the trained LSTM systems can also be synchronized. Remarkably, we

The N-soliton solutions of the (2+1)-dimensional Kadomtsev–Petviashvili hierarchy are first constructed. One soliton molecule satisfies the velocity resonance condition, the breather with the periodic solitary wave, the lump soliton localized in all directions in the space are showed successively for N=2. Interaction of one soliton molecule and a line soliton, the soliton molecule hybrid a line soliton

We analyzed the role of the inclusion of anti-dots on the vortex state and some calorimetric properties of a mesoscopic superconducting square immersed in an external applied magnetic field. We calculated the magnetization, entropy, Gibbs free energy, density of Cooper pairs and specific heat for this system in a zero field cooling process, solving the time-dependent Ginzburg–Landau equations. We found

In this paper, the forward bias conduction and low frequency noise (LFN) characteristics of GaN Schottky barrier diodes (SBDs) have been measured and studied in the temperature range from 300 K to 450 K. Based on I–V measured results, the temperature dependence of ideality factor and zero bias Schottky barrier height reveals the inhomogeneities of Schottky barriers at the metal-semiconductor (MS) interface

The sheet/cloud cavitating flow always contains complex multiscale vortex structures generated by the cavity cloud shedding and collapsing. In this study, the transient sheet/cloud cavitating flow around a Clark-Y hydrofoil is numerically investigated using the Large Eddy Simulation (LES) method coupled with the Zwart–Gerber–Belamri (ZGB) cavitation model. The simulation accurately reproduces the unsteady

The bouncing ball system with two rigidly connected harmonic limiters is revisited in order to further analyze its periodic movement and bifurcation dynamics. By using the impulsive impact maps, we obtain several sufficient conditions for the existence and local stability of three different types of periodic orbits, respectively, and then plot the bifurcation diagrams in the space of the relative velocity

Traffic dynamics of multilayer networks draws continuous attention from different communities since many systems are actually proved to have a multilayer structure. Since the core nodes of network are prone to congested, an effective routing strategy is of great significance to alleviate the congestion of the multilayer networks. In this paper, we propose an efficient improved routing strategy, with

The 400 keV proton implantation with a fluence of 8.0×1016 ions/cm2 was applied on the Er3+/Yb3+ co-doped phosphate glass to fabricate a planar waveguide structure. The mode profile at the end face of the waveguide was measured by the end-face coupling technique. The energy loss profile of the energetic protons was calculated by the SRIM 2013. The refractive index distribution was simulated by the

Based on the prime number p=3, a generalized (3+1)-dimensional Kadomtsev-Petviashvili (KP)-type equation is proposed, where the bilinear operators are redefined through introducing some prime number. Computerized symbolic computation provides a powerful tool to solve the generalized (3+1)-dimensional KP-type equation, and some exact solutions are obtained including lump-type solution and interaction

We have studied the magnetic coupling property, magnetic entropy change, and magnetic phase transition behavior of ternary alloy Ce1.3Pr0.7Co7. It exhibits a typical paramagnetic–ferromagnetic phase transition at TC=218 K and this phase transition is verified to be second order by the scaling theory. Based on the data of isothermal magnetization measured around TC, we obtained the variation of its