Abstract The study investigates the effects of variables of laser-assisted turning (LAT) and conventional turning (CT) on machining performance of 45% volume fraction silicon carbide particle reinforced 2024 aluminum matrix composites (45 vol.% SiCp/2024Al). The process benefits of laser processing variables were analyzed by comparing the surface roughness, surface microstructure and residual stress

Abstract A wavelength switchable erbium-doped fiber laser was constructed based on an all-fiber Mach–Zehnder interferometer (MZI) comb filter. The MZI consisted of a fiber with two tapers. An L-band erbium-doped fiber was used as the gain medium, and 1557.92, 1563.2, and 1568.06 nm single-wavelength and dual-wavelength switchable lasers at 1558, 1563.7, and 1570.2 nm were realized by adjusting the

Abstract One of the primary challenges in advanced manufacturing (AM) is the lack of efficient optical metrics for ensuring quality control over the manufacturing process. Many current imaging techniques have excessive data requirements and require computationally intensive post-processing to effectively characterize various AM environments. Spatial frequency modulated imaging (SPIFI) addresses many

A transparent, conductive, smooth, and temperature sensitive thin films was fabricated and characterized in this paper. Silk fibroin could be processed into transparent thin films, which can act as ideal opto-electronic substrates. As pure silk fibroin film is nonconductive, ultra-long silver nanowires coating and platinum sputtering were used to strengthen its conductivity. Ultra-long nanowires were

Vein display device can significantly increase the success rate of intravenous injection. However, traditional vein display devices only contain near-infrared image information, which inevitably loses skin color information. In this article, a binocular microlens was fabricated by micro-fabrication technology. Then, a smart binocular microlens imaging system is set up. By this system, the near-infrared

In this paper, a rectangular magnetic fluid deformable mirror (MFDM) with dual-layer actuators is proposed, which is designed to improve the correction performance for full-order aberrations. Compared with the conventional adaptive optics system that uses two mirrors to configure as a woofer–tweeter system, the proposed MFDM combines the two mirrors into one by using a two-layer layout design of the

Marginal changes in geometrical dimensions due to temperature changes affect the performance of optical instruments. Highly dimensionally stable materials can minimize these effects since they offer low coefficients of thermal expansion (CTE). Our dilatometer, based on heterodyne interferometry, is able to determine the CTE in 10−8 K−1 range. Here, we present the improved interferometer performance

We present a novel method to accurately measure the flatness of a large flat. The method can be seen as a task-specific error correction of the laser tracker. Laser trackers are positioned at two specific measuring stations and measure the coordinates of the same sample points. The angular errors of the primary laser tracker are compensated with constraint information provided by an additional laser

Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) have numerous applications in areas such as analytical chemistry, biochemistry, and environmental science. However to manufacture SERS active substrates with good reproducibility and low cost is not easy, which hinder the SERS technology from being widespread in various applications. In this study, we developed a batch producible hot embossing 3D nanostructured

An erbium-doped fiber laser with all-fiber Mach–Zehnder interferometer (MZI) and tunable filter was proposed and experimentally demonstrated. In the designed fiber laser, 6 m C-band erbium-doped fiber was selected as a gain medium; the MZI comprised two waist-enlarged fiber bitapers. In the experiment, the laser threshold was 93 mW, whereas a switchable single-longitudinal-mode laser was realized within

The experimental results obtained with a ferrofluidic deformable mirror controlled by electro-magnet actuators are presented here. Using a step input through a single actuator, we obtained a steady-state settling time of 100 ms; however, different combinations of overdrive inputs can be used to decrease it to 25 ms. A new technique which consists of laying down an elastomer membrane, coated with an

A numerical method aimed to predict the optomechanical dynamics in micro- and nano-structured resonant cavities is introduced here. The rigorousness of it is ensured by exploiting the harmonic version of the transformation optics (TO) technique and by considering all the energy-transduction contributions of electrostriction, radiation pressure, photoelasticity and moving boundaries. Since our full-wave

A high-resolution automated optical inspection (AOI) system based on parallel computing is developed to achieve fast inspection and classification of surface defects. To perform fast inspection, the AOI apparatus is connected to a central computer which executes image processing instructions in a graphical processing unit. Defect classification is simultaneously implemented with Hu’s moment invariants

The reversible photostriction (photomechanical strain) in Ge35S65 chalcogenide thin film deposited by a solvent casting method has been monitored using a fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensor. The shift in Bragg wavelength is used as a probing parameter to quantitatively measure the photoinduced strain arising because of structural modifications in these films under illumination. Exposure to band gap light

Photoacoustic spectroscopy has been used to measure optical absorption coefficient and the application of tens of wavelength bands in photoacoustic spectroscopy was reported. Using optical methods, absorption-related information is, generally, derived from reflectance or transmittance values. Hence measurement accuracy is limited for highly absorbing samples where the reflectance or transmittance is

We demonstrate fabrication of a high-quality factor lithium niobate double-disk whispering-gallery microcavity using femtosecond laser assisted ion beam milling. Using this method, two vertically stacked 30-µm diameter disks with a 200-nm gap are fabricated. With our device, an optical quality factor as high as 1.35 × 105 is demonstrated. Our approach is scalable to fabricate multiple disks on a single

This paper reports a micromirror-based real image laser automotive head-up display (HUD), which overcomes the limitations of the previous designs by: (1) implementing an advanced display approach which is able to display sharp corners while the previous designs can only display curved lines such as to improve the display fidelity and (2) Optimizing the optical configuration to significantly reduce

This article describes the 3D handheld profiling system composed of a stereo camera and an illumination projector to collect high-resolution data for close range of applications. Visual navigation approach is either based on feature matching or on accurate target, and the target-based approach was found to be more accurate if the 3D object has less texture on its surface. Block matching algorithm was

(2016). Editorial Board EOV. International Journal of Optomechatronics: Vol. 10, No. 3-4, pp. ebi-ebi.

A mixed light source generates various colors with the potential to adjust the intensities of multiple LEDs, which makes it possible to generate arbitrary colors. Currently, PCs and OSs provide color selection windows that can obtain the red, green, and blue (RGB) or hue, saturation, and lightness (HSL) color coordinates of a user’s selection. Mixed light sources are usually composed of primary-colored

Since computer controlled optical surfacing (CCOS) processes were proposed in the 1960s, many processes were developed for precision optics successfully. In this present work, a novel approach, the precessions process, is proposed and used for large segments fabrication. The removal function of the bonnet polisher based on velocity and pressure distribution, which are obtained from the geometry of

A 1.8-µm tunable multiwavelength thulium-doped fiber laser based on a hybrid filter is proposed. In the designed ring-cavity fiber laser, the filter consists of one Sagnac loop and one dual-pass Mach–Zehnder filter. In the experiment, the lasing threshold is 155 mW, and a continuously tunable and stable single-wavelength laser could be realized with a minimum tuning interval of 2.1 nm within a scope

Resist based lithographical techniques are widely applied for graphene processing. These resists can leave residues leading to parasitic effects that deteriorate the desired properties of graphene. This paper presents an experimental setup tailored for resist-free robotic processing of graphene with in-situ vision based control. A robust graphene detection and classification approach is presented applying

A numerical model and simulation relative to an optoelectrofluidic chip has been presented in this article. Both dielectrophoretic and electroosmotic force attracting the nano-sized particles could be studied by the diffusion, convection, and migration equations. For the nano-sized particles, the protein with radius 3.6 nm is considered as the objective particle. The electroosmosis dependent upon applied

In this article, we present a novel concept of inertial sensor, based on a linear encoder. Compared to other interferometric sensors, the encoder is much more easy to mount, and the calibration more stable. A prototype has been built and validated experimentally by comparison with a commercial seismometer. It has a resolution of about 10 pm/√Hz. In order to further improve the resolution, two concepts

An optical inspection platform combining parallel image processing with high resolution opto-mechanical module was developed for defect inspection of touch panel glass. Dark field images were acquired using a 12288-pixel line CCD camera with 3.5 µm per pixel resolution and 12 kHz line rate. Key features of the glass surface were analyzed by parallel image processing on combined CPU and GPU platforms

The propulsion of ferromagnetic objects by means of MRI gradients is a promising approach to enable new forms of therapy. In this work, necessary techniques are presented to make this approach work. This includes path planning algorithms working on MRI data, ferromagnetic artifact imaging and a tracking algorithm which delivers position feedback for the ferromagnetic objects, and a propulsion sequence

The aim of this article is to introduce an innovative algorithm for the calculation of the shift of the maximum reflectivity wavelength of a Fiber Bragg Grating experiencing an applied strain. An accurate and precise evaluation of the FBG spectrum displacement is crucial for determining the amount of the physical quantity inducing such perturbations. The proposed method is based on the Fast Fourier

We studied the lateral forces arising during the vertical indentation of the cell membrane by an optically trapped microbead, using back focal plane interferometry to determine force components in all directions. We analyzed the cell-microbead interaction and showed that indeed the force had also lateral components. Using the Hertz model, we calculated and compared the elastic moduli resulting from

A method and setup are proposed for trapping and detecting nanoparticles dispersed in a nanocomposite solution using periodically localized light generated by a subwavelength transmission grating. By numerical simulations, it is shown that there is an optimum duty ratio of the grating to produce the periodically localized light. Experimental results are presented for Au/γ-Fe2O3 composite nanoparticles

Optical whispering gallery mode resonators are important platforms to enhance and study various nonlinear frequency conversion processes. Stimulated Brillouin scattering is one of the strongest nonlinear effects, and can be successfully investigated using these platforms. In this article, we study the phenomenon of stimulated Brillouin scattering using a crystalline disk resonator. A fast scanning

This article presents the development and implementation of a robust nonlinear control scheme for a 2-D micromirror-based laser scanning microscope system. The presented control scheme, built around sliding mode control approach and augmented an adaptive algorithm, is proposed to improve the tracking accuracy in presence of cross-axis effect. The closed-loop controlled imaging system is developed through

(2015). Editorial Board EOV. International Journal of Optomechatronics: Vol. 9, No. 4, pp. 325-325.

This article presents a compact multi-spectral lens array and describes its application in assisting color-blindness. The lens array consists of 9 microlens, and each microlens is coated with a different color filter. Thus, it can capture different light bands, including red, orange, yellow, green, cyan, blue, violet, near-infrared, and the entire visible band. First, the fabrication process is described

Microassembly is an innovative alternative to the microfabrication process of MOEMS, which is quite complex. It usually implies the use of microrobots controlled by an operator. The reliability of this approach has been already confirmed for micro-optical technologies. However, the characterization of assemblies has shown that the operator is the main source of inaccuracies in the teleoperated microassembly

Achieving optimal spatial resolution in imaging systems plays a major role in the design of vision-based industrial inspection tools. Single-view omnidirectional imaging systems provide a cost-effective and computationally-traceable solution for real-time inspection of infrastructure with a favorable size factor. We formulate, for the first time, the spatial cylindrical resolution of omnidirectional

This article presents the design of a mesoscale robot for laser phonosurgery. The proposed design is situated between conventional mechanism and MEMS technology. A combination of compliant structures and innovative micromotors enables to achieve a two decoupled tilting angle, a high range (up to 45°), and a precise positioning of a laser beam. The design methodology and the optimization of the compliant

Based on the subsurface damage model and the material removal rate of K9 glass in HF acid solution, a fast method is proposed to calculate the parameters of characterizing the subsurface damage of a polished sample. When micro cracks of the etched sample's subsurface can be clearly observed, lengths, widths, angles, densities of the micro cracks can be calculated by using the image processing algorithm

As the rapid progress in the development of optoelectronic components and computational power, 3-D optical metrology becomes more and more popular in manufacturing and quality control due to its flexibility and high speed. However, most of the optical metrology methods are limited to external surfaces. This article proposed a new approach to measure tiny internal 3-D surfaces with a scanning fiber

In this article, a tunable pulsed laser induced photoacoustic measurement setup of monitoring glucose concentration was established in the forward mode. In experiments, the time-resolved photoacoustic signal of glucose aqueous solution with different concentrations of 0-300 mg/dl were captured and averaged 512 times, and the photoacoustic peak-to-peak values were recorded using the wavelength scan

We present the design and characteristics of laser Doppler differential velocimeter using a dual-core photonic crystal fiber (DC-PCF). Transmission modes and mode interference characteristics of DC-PCF were investigated. Results show that higher order modes and cladding modes are excited, which can be cut off by bending the DC-PCF. The independent fundamental modes of two cores are clearly obtained

Photovoltaic technology offers great potential in the replacement of fossil fuel resources, but still suffers from high device fabrication cost. Herein, we attempted to provide a solution to these issues with heterogeneous nanostructures. Firstly, Zinc oxide (ZnO)/cobalt oxide (Co3O4) heterojunction nanowires are prepared through facile fabrication methods. By assembling Co(OH)2 nanoplates on ZnO nanowire

We report on fabrication of a microtoroid resonator of a high-quality (high-Q) factor integrated with an on-chip microheater. Both the microresonator and microheater are fabricated using femtosecond laser three-dimensional (3-D) micromachining. The microheater, which is located about 200 µm away from the microresonator, has a footprint size of 200 µm × 400 µm. Tuning of the resonant wavelength in the

A scanning electron microscope (SEM) calibrating approach based on non-linear minimization procedure is presented in this article1. Both the intrinsic parameters and the extrinsic parameters estimations are achieved simultaneously by minimizing the registration error. The proposed approach considers multi-images of a multi-scale calibration pattern view from different positions and orientations. Since

In this contribution we present a new algorithm for structured illumination microscopy with incoherent light. Existing algorithms for determining the contrast values of the focal depth response require a high accurate phase shift of the fringe pattern illumination. The presented algorithm, which is robust against inaccurate phase shift of the fringe pattern, reduces significantly the requirements for

In the present study, the resonant frequency and flexural sensitivity of atomic force microscope (AFM) microcantilevers are predicted incorporating size effects. To this end, the modified strain gradient elasticity theory is applied to the classical Euler-Bernoulli beam theory to develop a non-classical beam model which has the capability to capture size-dependent behavior of microcantilevers. On the

When a microsphere is trapped near a surface by single-beam gradient force trapping, the standing wave is generated between the microsphere and the surface, where abrupt motion along the optical axis (jumping) is observed corresponding to displacement of the surface. This jumping distance is on the order of a few hundred nanometers. In the vicinity of the surface, intensity of retro-reflected light

In this article, an optical fiber switch based on a digital actuator is presented. Four discrete positions are obtained through a magnetic holding of a Mobile Permanent Magnet (MPM) placed in a fixed square cavity. The MPM can switch, thanks to Lorentz's force, between the four corners of the cavity. A 1X4 optical fiber switch is obtained by fixing a prismatic mirror on the top side of the MPM and

The short history of the development in nitride semiconductors is described. As key issues for the future progress are concreted from this history, the polarity of crystal, the substrate for the epitaxial growth of nitride semiconductors, and emerging material, InN are introduced. The device applications including optical devices and transport devices are reviewed. Finally, this article looks into

The application of digital interferometric techniques in the measurement of forced convection in compact channels is examined. Michelson Interferometry and Mach–Zehnder Interferometry have been compared and contrasted, in terms of the suitability for temperature measurements. A wedge-fringe setting parallel to the heated surface has been utilized as the basis of the fringe analysis, for effective measurement

This article presents the manipulation and combustion of carbon-based micro particles (polystyrene, active carbon) by optical tweezers. Trap, ignition, and combustion of micro particles are well demonstrated. For polystyrene in water, polystyrene micro particles of 2.9 µm are trapped with increasing laser power. The polystyrene takes reaction and combusts as the laser power of 520 mW. For active carbon

We propose a modified method for thickness measurement of a dielectric coating layer on metal based on Otto optical configuration (O-configuration). This method enables us to estimate the coating thickness that typically ranges from several tens of nanometers to more than one micrometer with precision less than a few nanometers. The common method to measure the thickness of dielectric coating layer

In the near-field recording (NFR) system, the gap between the lens and disk will drop down to 100 nm. However, the disk vibration and force disturbance make it difficult to maintain the desired flying height during disk operation, and the lens-disk collision can easily occur. It is proposed in this article to design a hybrid actuator system which combines both advantages of the flying slider used in

This article presents an intelligent surveillance system based on stereovision for dynamic tracking of moving objects with autofocus and lossless zoom capabilities. The core technology of the system combines a modified stereovision algorithm with an autofocus search method. First, in order to reduce the effect of changing the lens focal length, the modified stereovision algorithm provides an obvious

(2014). Editorial: Special Issue on Advances in Optical Imaging and Metrology-Selected Papers From the Conference Fringe 2013. International Journal of Optomechatronics: Vol. 8, Advances in Optical Imaging and Metrology - Selected papers from the conference Fringe 2013, pp. 229-230.

For applications in micro- and nanotechnologies the lateral resolution of optical 3-D microscopes becomes an issue of increasing relevance. However, lateral resolution of 3-D microscopes is hard to define in a satisfying way. Therefore, we first study the measurement capabilities of a highly resolving white-light interference (WLI) microscope close to the limit of lateral resolution. Results of measurements

The Tilted-Wave-Interferometer (TWI) is a non-null, full-field interferometric measuring technique for aspheric and free-form surfaces with a new degree of flexibility. The interferometer uses a set of tilted wavefronts to locally compensate the deviation of the surface under test from its spherical form. Since it is a non-null technique, there is no need for costly compensation optics. The measurement

Multi-plane phase retrieval is a well established technique for reconstructing both, amplitude and phase of an object wave. This standard technique works best, if the intensity of the object wave changes rapidly along the optical axis. For slowly varying intensities, the iterative procedure may not converge at all. To overcome this limitation we combined the standard technique with a periodic phase

Phase unwrapping still plays an important role in the optical metrology field. The phase unwrapping process has direct influence on the accuracy of final results. The aim of this article is to evaluate the performance of several well-known phase unwrapping algorithms for noisy phase measurement. The results of the examined algorithms on simulated and real phase data are presented, and the conclusions

A setup for digital stroboscopic holography that combines the advantages of full-field digital holographic interferometry with a high temporal resolution is presented. The setup can be used to identify and visualize complicated vibrational patterns with nanometer amplitudes, ranging from quasi-static to high frequency vibrations. By using a high-energy pulsed laser, single-shot holograms can be recorded