ABSTRACT This research was conducted to evaluate scatter distribution at an X-ray room for diagnostic radiography using the Particle and Heavy Ion Transport code System (PHITS). The X-ray room was simulated using PHITS code based on the imaging room distance and length, as well as the control console room. The exact dimensions of the rooms were used as a geometry code in PHITS to simulate a point source

ABSTRACT Differences in biological response of breast and lung cancer cells to 62 MeV/u therapeutic protons and carbon ions are investigated on MCF-7 and HTB177 cells. Hydroxyl radical scavenger, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is applied to reduce indirect effects of irradiation, while serum deprivation provided uniformity of cell population. Survival, immunocytochemical, and cell-cycle analysis, changes

ABSTRACT Recently, Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) deployments for on-line monitoring of the nuclear practices have been addressed as incremental and experimental networks. The paper examines the performance of IEEE802.15.4/Zigbee based WSN for nuclear medicine practice using OPNET Modeler simulation tool. We introduce a reliable integrated remote sensing solution based on Zigbee technology for nuclear

ABSTRACT This study investigates the effects of nanoparticles entity shapes inside tumor mass on dose distribution and dose enhancement. Gold (     197 A u ) and Platinum (     195 P t ) nanoparticles of four different shapes were used in this study. Each one has different air cavity inside, which in turns affect the scattering probability. However, all of them are spheres and have the same diameter

ABSTRACT Yangjiang bermudagrass is an excellent variety with high turf quality and good stress tolerance; however, the inflorescence density of Yangjiang is too high, which leads to management problems. To lower the inflorescence density of Yangjiang bermudagrass, Yangjiang bermudagrass mutants were generated using gamma-ray irradiation. Forty-two mutants were generated, and identification was performed

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study is to validate GATE 8.1 Radiotherapy Monte Carlo (MC) simulation of a 6 MV Elekta Versa-HD linear accelerator at King Abdulaziz University Hospital (KAUH). The simulation data using GATE 8.1 was benchmarked against measured data at KAUH. The simulation comprises treatment head, Multi-Leaf Collimators (MLCs), and homogeneous water phantom, whereas the measured data

ABSTRACT The nutritive value and in vitro digestibility using the digestive enzyme extracts from different stages of silkworm larvae (Bombyx mori) were evaluated in different leaf positions (1, 2, 3, 4, or 5) of mulberry leaves (Morus spp.) with or without gamma irradiation treatment (native vs. irradiated). At least one of studied factors and their interaction had effects on the overall proximate

Radon activity concentration in water samples from Perak state Malaysia and their possible health risk was assessed. The Samples were from lakes, hot springs, and rivers. The RAD7 Detector was used for in-situ measurement of radon concentration. The radon activity concentration ranged from 0.04 ± 0.08 — 3.98 ± 0.39 Bq l – 1 , with mean of 0.69 Bq l – 1 and standard deviation of 0.92 Bq l – 1. The activity

The high uric acid level in blood can cause gouty arthritis. In the uric acid cycle, purines are converted to uric acid and the process is controlled through series of enzymes, of which, xanthine oxidase (XO) is a key enzyme responsible for the oxidation of xanthine to uric acid. XO has been used as a potential therapeutic target to control uric acid deposition, ultimately preventing gout. Various

Development of materials for radiation shielding application, which are lightweight, flexible, and robust increases in demand for nuclear radiation facilities including industrial or medical applications. In this paper, three metals (lead, gadolinium, bismuth) doped polymeric compounds (poly-acrylonitrile, polyethylene, and kevlar) were simulated by using theoretical and computational model. It was

The present study reveals the effects of ultraviolet-C on the morphology of the antenna and antennal sensilla of Tribolium castaneum. Pupae were irradiated with UV-C at a distance of 35 cm for 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, or 64 min. The morphometric traits of the antenna and antennal sensilla were determined using light and scanning electron microscopy. UV-C caused abnormalities to the adults’ antennae that

Background Existing gated delivery methods adopting predefined intervention thresholds, and better delivery accuracy comes at the expense of lower therapeutic efficiency. So we present a new gating strategy based on trajectory quantification and pattern discrimination.Material and methods: 1265 real-time ultrasound monitoring trajectories of 61 prostate cancer patients were retrospectively analyzed

ABSTRACT Although skin infections are usually uncomplicated, it may indicate systemic disease or lead to life-threatening systemic infections. Staphylococcus aureus is the most common cause of skin infections. Treatment is complicated by continuous emergence of resistant S. aureus especially methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant S. aureus (VRSA). Therefore, searching

ABSTRACT Radiation safety has become more important issue due to increased use of ionizing radiation in diagnosis and treatment. The aim of this study is to investigate the awareness and knowledge level concerning radiation safety among healthcare professionals who work in a radiation environment. The study population consisted of healthcare professionals who work in a radiation environment at a state

ABSTRACT This study aimed to develop an automated delineation method of nasopharynx gross tumor volume (GTVnx) for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) in computed tomography (CT) image for radiotherapy applications. Inspired by ResNet and SENet’s strong ability to extract image features, we proposed a modified version of the 3D U-Net model with Res-blocks and SE-block for delineation of GTVnx. Besides,

ABSTRACT Astaxanthin is a carotenoid pigment that is increasingly used as an antioxidant supplement in healthy regimes. Shrimp processing wastes causing diverse environmental problems are considered the cheapest raw materials for recovering astaxanthin. The present study aims to recover astaxanthin using two green technologies; lactic fermentation and edible oil extraction and compare the efficiency

ABSTRACT This study attempts a nuclear forensic characterization of uranium in soil samples from a prospective Serule mine in Botswana. The analysis involves the determination of forensic signatures found in uranium-bearing materials from the mine. These signatures include 232Th activity concentration, isotopic and activity ratios of 232Th/238U and 235U/238U, impurity concentration, rare earth elements

ABSTRACT The paper herein is intended to present the registration efficiency of 300A alpha-scintillation active cell and its application in the field of soil radon detection. In this work, a radon chamber based on a natural radon source has been constructed. This chamber allows calibration of the active scintillation cell under flow-through condition. Radon source has been designed, constructed, and

ABSTRACT Background Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is an international health concern. The C-X-C chemokine ligand 16 (CXCL16) functions as a scavenging cell surface receptor. Vitamin D3 has vital effects on inflammation and insulin homeostasis. Purpose To investigate the significance of serum CXCL 16 and vitamin D3 in T2DM patients to understand disease pathophysiology. Materials and Methods The current

ABSTRACT This study revealed effect of UV-A on the vincristine accumulation and peroxidase isozymes changes in the Catharanthus roseus plantlets and relationship between them. Effect of the UV-A on the C. roseus plantlets survivor was largely because the plantlets (two weeks age) died after irradiation by UV-A more than 30 minutes. The electrophoretic patterns of peroxidase isozymes extracted from

ABSTRACT Arsenic is a toxic substance that causes tissue damage. It is well-known that exposure to this substance induces oxidative stress and causes liver injury. The present study has been conducted to evaluate the protective role of raw or irradiated basil against arsenic-induced liver damage. Basil leaves were irradiated at a dose of 10 kGy by cobalt-60 gamma rays. Forty-eight female albino rats

ABSTRACT Trichinellosis is a food-borne disease caused by the ingestion of meat infected with Trichinella spiralis encysted larvae. To interrupt the circle between human and animals, proper immunization and treatment of animals are needed. This study aimed to compare the impact of vaccination with gamma radiation-attenuated larvae with anti-helminthes activity of Punica granatum on its control. Sixty

ABSTRACT The toxins generated by waste dyes from several industrial sectors in water bodies are hard to evacuate by ordinary water treatment procedures. This study discusses the effect of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) biosynthesized by Pseudomonas aeruginosa on the degradation of some hazardous dyes such as Bromothymol blue and Fantacell dye. The catalytic properties of the Sodium Alginate/Poly Acrylamide

ABSTRACT The role of spirulina against brain tissue injury induced by 4 Gy whole body γ-irradiation was studied. Thirty male albino whistler rats were divided into five groups: control (C), spirulina (Sp) 400 mg/kg orally administrated for 2 weeks, irradiated (4 Gy), (Sp+4 Gy), and (4 Gy+Sp). About 24 h posttreatment, fresh brain white matter was extracted from the animal and directly measured by Fourier

ABSTRACT Estrogen has a significant role in regulating cell proliferation, growth, migration, aging, and many disease states. Estrogen shows its effects through estrogen receptors alpha, beta, and G protein-coupled estrogen receptor 1 (GPER1). The aim of this study is to evaluate serum GPER1 levels and its relationship with fibrosis score in chronic hepatitis B patients. The cases were selected from

ABSTRACT Bones are mainly composite materials of equivalent volume fractions of mineral (apatite) and organic (collagen) parts. Their infrared spectroscopic characteristics mirror their composition. Bone diagenesis is the post-depositional changes of calcified tissues by chemical degradation. It is a complicated process and affected by numerous external and individual factors. Diagenetic trajectories

ABSTRACT This study was conducted to assess Saudi obstetricians’ knowledge and awareness of the risks of ionizing radiation. Following a cross-sectional study design, 130 obstetricians in Saudi Arabia were included. A study questionnaire was designed and developed by the researcher. Most participants (69.2%) did not undergo training on radiation risk, while their activities related to radiation risk

ABSTRACT Optimal control systems are crucial requirement that emphasize the safe operation of pressurized water reactor (PWR) nuclear power plants. The present study focuses on steam generator (SG) feedwater control as being one of the main PWR equipment that is affected directly by grid load transients. Therefore, recent nature inspired meta-heuristic optimization algorithms are applied on SG level

ABSTRACT A modified semi-empirical formula that relates the maximum range of the positron to the strength of different magnetic field strengths is developed via Monte Carlo simulation. The formula is derived as an extension to the existing formula of no magnetic field. COMSOL Multiphysics is used to simulate the different physics, including electromagnetic physics and charged particle tracking physics

ABSTRACT This study purpose is to investigate the effects of using different bit depth DICOM images for the 6 MV photon beam on a titanium rod. An EGSnrc Monte Carlo simulation on the Elekta Synergy LINAC executed as a dosimetry comparison tool for the TPS. CT scanners with 12-bit, 12-bit extended (Siemens Somatom Definition AS) and 16-bit depth (Toshiba Aquilion) parameters were applied to scan a

ABSTRACT Purpose: To investigate region-specific models for organ’s three-dimensional dose distribution prediction with neural network. Methods: The dose distribution from different bladder regions for 52 prostate volumetric modulated arc therapy cases were first analyzed, the two region-specific models were then built to predict the bladder dose distribution, the initial model and the refined model

ABSTRACT A chest x-ray is the most commonly used modality for detecting cardiomegaly, and the cardiothoracic ratio (CTR) has been used as an important tool for estimating the heart size. The main aims of the present study were to determine the distribution of cardiomegaly in normal adults in Saudi Arabia and to evaluate the correlation between the presence of cardiomegaly and age. Data was collected

ABSTRACT Phosphate ore, which may be associated with natural radionuclides, has been used for a long time as a builder in detergents. The daily use and discharge of detergents in wastewater may lead to the accumulation of radionuclides in the environment. Therefore, the current study was carried out to determine the radioactivity levels of 226Ra, 232Th, 40K, and 238U in 15 samples of detergent powders

ABSTRACT ɤ-Irradiation induces electrical conductivity (RIC) in water. But, the RIC values of water can be more than twofold higher in the presence of SG with particle size in the range >0.16–0.2 mm, relative to that of water only. Can this phenomenon be used in ɤ- radiation dosimetry? In order to answer this question, the effects of absorbed dose, absorbed dose rate, and post-irradiation storage time

ABSTRACT Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is an important health problem and the major cause of chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) especially in Upper Egypt. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of HBV among Assiut governorate patients. Our study examined 1085 patients for HBsAg at Assiut governorate, Egypt. Out of the 1085 population tested for HBsAg

ABSTRACT A novel route of diphenylamine (DPA) formation via ɤ-radiation-induced N-phenylation of aniline by chlorobenzene in oxygen-free condition is reported. A capillary gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method was developed for DPA identification and quantification. The effects of the reactants molar ratio, absorbed radiation dose, and dose rate on the yield of DPA were investigated in ɤ-irradiated

ABSTRACT Ciprofloxacin (CIP) antibiotic was loaded on silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), which were prepared by three different methods to enhance their antibacterial activity against Gram-negative (Escherichia coli) bacteria and Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) bacteria. AgNPs were prepared by using sodium borohydride (NaBH4), lactose and sodium citrate followed by one-year aging, in order to produce

ABSTRACT About 87% of the total dose received by the general public is due to naturally existing radioactive nuclides. Long-term exposure to the relatively long half-life radioactive elements (including Uranium, Thorium, and Potassium) and their decay products pose severe health threats to the population including lung cancer. The related available data has been collected from numerous studies conducted

ABSTRACT High-purity silicon wafers were irradiated in ultrapure water environment by laser ablation (LA). Columnar structures were induced on the surface using multiple pulses from Nd:YAG laser. Nd:YAG pulsed laser irradiance with 1.3 × 109 W/cm2 operated at 266 nm wavelength, 6 ns pulse duration, and 10 mJ pulse energy with different repetition rates 10 Hz and 20 Hz. Shape, structure, and size distribution

ABSTRACT Purpose: To compare the robustness of three dose-volume-histogram (DVH) prediction models for knowledge-based treatment planning (KBP) for radiation therapy. Methods: Three models proposed by Zhu et al. (Zmodel), Lindsey et al. (Lmodel), and Satomi et al. (Smodel) were selected, and compared based on identified archived radiation therapy plan cohorts (including 50 prostate cancer (PC) and

ABSTRACT For short pulses of transmitted electric fields in the MHz range with a low duty cycle, average power limits of the safety standards may be easily met while peak field requirements come into play. Previous research has shown that for related contact currents monophasic pulses (positive sign only) are orders of magnitude more effective at human nerve excitation than biphasic pulses. Some previous

ABSTRACT The aim of the present work was to increase bacterial adhesion on anode via inducing membrane modifications to enhance textile wastewater treatment in Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC). Real textile wastewater was used in mediator-less MFCs for bacterial enrichment. The enriched bacteria were pre-treated by exposure to 1 KGy gamma radiation and were tested in MFC setup. Bacterial cell membrane permeability

ABSTRACT Calibration-free laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (CF-LIBS) has been employed for elemental analysis of Granite Gneiss, rock sample, collected from Neelum Valley of Azad Jammu & Kashmir, Pakistan. The sample was irradiated with focused laser beam from Q-switched Neodymium Yttrium Aluminum Garnet laser, having 532 nm wavelength and pulse width of 5 ns, and the emission spectrum was recorded

ABSTRACT Psoriasis is a chronic autoimmune disorder that affects 3-4% of the world population. Keratinocytes and immune cells in patient’s skin secrets excess pro-inflammatory cytokines that in turn activates the differentiation of T helper cells (Th) into Th1 and Th17 and deactivates Th2 pathway. Several phototherapies have been used in treatment of moderate and severe psoriatic patients; among them

ABSTRACT Biochar is a promising metal-immobilizing material, nevertheless the studies of its modification and application in the removal of radionuclides, especially 137Cs from contaminated liquids remain rare. This research demonstrated that horticultural waste derived biochar (GWB) produced by slow pyrolysis process could be a suitable Cs adsorbent and also useful support to impregnate the potassium

ABSTRACT In recent years, ruthenium (II) complexes have attracted attention due to high DNA topoisomerase I inhibitory activities and good anticancer activities. Herein, an asymmetric ligand 2-(5-(1, 10-phenanthroline))-1 H-4,5-diphenyl-imidazole (pdpi) and its ruthenium complexes were synthesized. DNA-binding mode of two complexes was determined as intercalation by using UV–vis spectra, emission spectra

ABSTRACT This study was carried out during the two successive seasons of 2017 and 2018 to study the effect of both unirradiated and irradiated Lactobacillus paracasei cell-free supernatant in combination with glycerol and starch as well as gelatin as an edible coating (G/S/G unirradiated LAB supernatant and G/S/G irradiated LAB supernatant edible coating) on preserving tomato fruits under cold storage

ABSTRACT This paper presents the development of theoretical model for the purpose to calculate and analyze halo and eddy current effects in the tungsten divertor of Tokamak (Fusion) reactor. In the first step, focal points for plasma energy, sideways forces (on the vessel), impurities, and halo–eddy current effects (in terms of poloidal and toroidal magnetic field orientations) were calculated. During

ABSTRACT The aim of the study is to determine the dosimetric effects of the anatomical change during the course of IMRT. Two anatomical head and neck (H&N) phantoms were designed using Perspex material: phantom A, representing the patient before starting the treatment, and phantom B, representing the same patient after weight loss. Four treatment plans from treatment Planning System (TPS) were applied

ABSTRACT Computed tomography (CT) scans involve exposure to ionizing radiation, which can present unavoidable risks. CT is one of the largest contributors to man-made radiation dose in medical populations. Despite the clinical benefits and the increase of CT imaging usage, the concern of arising exposure of ionizing radiation associated with CT imaging may pose significant health risks. This paper

ABSTRACT Neutron radiography is an important nondestructive tool for analyzing both light and heavy elements. Most of the neutron radiography systems utilize research reactors as the source of neutrons. A feasibility study is presented in this work for designing a low-cost and efficient radiography system using a Deuteron-Deuteron neutron generator. The simulation software MCNP5 was utilized in this

ABSTRACT The corrosion inhibition of carbon steel was investigated in cooling water containing sodium octanoate (Oct), Zn-salts or blends of Oct-Zn salts. The weight loss and the potentiodynamic polarization methods were applied. ZnCl2, ZnSO4 and Zn (NO3)2 were studied. The results showed that Oct-Zn salt blends exhibited higher corrosion inhibition efficiency than either Oct or Zn Salts added separately

ABSTRACT The emerging threat of multi-drug resistance (MDR) in a wide range of diseases is a major public health problem, which prolongs treatment, imposes disabilities and reduces the expected life span. MDR is common in urinary tract infections (UTI). Due to recent dramatic change in antimicrobial activity spectrum, we evaluated the current spectrum of antimicrobials activity in UTIs. We observed

ABSTRACT Foeniculum vulgare Mill. (commonly known as fennel) is one of the precious spices. Almost all parts of the plant are edible and have powerful interest in phytochemical and pharmacological research. The present study was designed to examine the free radical scavenging potential, oxidative damage preventive activity, and anti–inflammatory effects of traditionally used fennel. It assessed the

ABSTRACT Purpose: x-ray contrast agents that contain iodine are commonly used for interventional and diagnostic procedures. To progress selective x-ray imaging, and discriminate the attenuating media, it is important to determine the absorption edge values and absorption features of the compounds used as contrast agents. For this purpose, μρ (mass attenuation coefficients), Zeff (effective atomic number)

ABSTRACT Thermoluminescence dosimetry (TLD) is useful for radiation detection for a wide range of applications with reasonable accuracy since its introduction to the clinical environment in 1954. However, the determination of uncertainty is crucial to obtain accurate measurements. This study intended to evaluate different types of expected classified errors for strontium tetraborate (SrB4O7) doped

ABSTRACT The efficacy of recombinant human thyroid stimulating hormone (rhTSH) and thyroid hormone withdrawal (THW) in estimating the whole body radioactive clearance was done by measuring the external dose rate for both stomach and neck at 1 m and 5 cm distances, respectively. Two groups of subjects, which were 34 patients with THW who stop the thyroxin uptake for 1 month and 3 patients with rhTSH

ABSTRACT In this work, a mathematical model for estimating the tube output for Three-phase x-ray machines is proposed. A total number of three x-ray machines are used. The output of each x-ray machine was measured using a Diavolt. During measurements, three types of data were collected: the filtration, the fixed kV, and the charge (mAs). Based on the survey data, a mathematical model for estimating

ABSTRACT Through the introduced work a viable numerical scheme has been developed, using Numerov’s method, to study the energy spectra of mesons and hadronic interactions. Upon the implementation of the non-relativistic quark model and the Quantum Chromodynamics theory elements which describe the phenomenological interactions between the charm–anticharm quarks via two proposed potentials, our model

ABSTRACT In the era of antibiotic resistance, antimicrobial polymers represent state of the art innovation evolved to fight biofilm-associated infections. In the present study, novel self-disinfecting polyurethane (PU) catheter materials were developed. Gamma radiation-induced graft copolymerization was used to functionalize PU using acrylic acid-co-glycidyl methacrylate (AAc/GMA) binary comonomer