ABSTRACT The role of spirulina against brain tissue injury induced by 4 Gy whole body γ-irradiation was studied. Thirty male albino whistler rats were divided into five groups: control (C), spirulina (Sp) 400 mg/kg orally administrated for 2 weeks, irradiated (4 Gy), (Sp+4 Gy), and (4 Gy+Sp). About 24 h posttreatment, fresh brain white matter was extracted from the animal and directly measured by Fourier

ABSTRACT Estrogen has a significant role in regulating cell proliferation, growth, migration, aging, and many disease states. Estrogen shows its effects through estrogen receptors alpha, beta, and G protein-coupled estrogen receptor 1 (GPER1). The aim of this study is to evaluate serum GPER1 levels and its relationship with fibrosis score in chronic hepatitis B patients. The cases were selected from

ABSTRACT Bones are mainly composite materials of equivalent volume fractions of mineral (apatite) and organic (collagen) parts. Their infrared spectroscopic characteristics mirror their composition. Bone diagenesis is the post-depositional changes of calcified tissues by chemical degradation. It is a complicated process and affected by numerous external and individual factors. Diagenetic trajectories

ABSTRACT This study was conducted to assess Saudi obstetricians’ knowledge and awareness of the risks of ionizing radiation. Following a cross-sectional study design, 130 obstetricians in Saudi Arabia were included. A study questionnaire was designed and developed by the researcher. Most participants (69.2%) did not undergo training on radiation risk, while their activities related to radiation risk

ABSTRACT Optimal control systems are crucial requirement that emphasize the safe operation of pressurized water reactor (PWR) nuclear power plants. The present study focuses on steam generator (SG) feedwater control as being one of the main PWR equipment that is affected directly by grid load transients. Therefore, recent nature inspired meta-heuristic optimization algorithms are applied on SG level

ABSTRACT A modified semi-empirical formula that relates the maximum range of the positron to the strength of different magnetic field strengths is developed via Monte Carlo simulation. The formula is derived as an extension to the existing formula of no magnetic field. COMSOL Multiphysics is used to simulate the different physics, including electromagnetic physics and charged particle tracking physics

ABSTRACT This study purpose is to investigate the effects of using different bit depth DICOM images for the 6 MV photon beam on a titanium rod. An EGSnrc Monte Carlo simulation on the Elekta Synergy LINAC executed as a dosimetry comparison tool for the TPS. CT scanners with 12-bit, 12-bit extended (Siemens Somatom Definition AS) and 16-bit depth (Toshiba Aquilion) parameters were applied to scan a

ABSTRACT Purpose: To investigate region-specific models for organ’s three-dimensional dose distribution prediction with neural network. Methods: The dose distribution from different bladder regions for 52 prostate volumetric modulated arc therapy cases were first analyzed, the two region-specific models were then built to predict the bladder dose distribution, the initial model and the refined model

ABSTRACT A chest x-ray is the most commonly used modality for detecting cardiomegaly, and the cardiothoracic ratio (CTR) has been used as an important tool for estimating the heart size. The main aims of the present study were to determine the distribution of cardiomegaly in normal adults in Saudi Arabia and to evaluate the correlation between the presence of cardiomegaly and age. Data was collected

ABSTRACT Phosphate ore, which may be associated with natural radionuclides, has been used for a long time as a builder in detergents. The daily use and discharge of detergents in wastewater may lead to the accumulation of radionuclides in the environment. Therefore, the current study was carried out to determine the radioactivity levels of 226Ra, 232Th, 40K, and 238U in 15 samples of detergent powders

ABSTRACT ɤ-Irradiation induces electrical conductivity (RIC) in water. But, the RIC values of water can be more than twofold higher in the presence of SG with particle size in the range >0.16–0.2 mm, relative to that of water only. Can this phenomenon be used in ɤ- radiation dosimetry? In order to answer this question, the effects of absorbed dose, absorbed dose rate, and post-irradiation storage time

ABSTRACT Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is an important health problem and the major cause of chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) especially in Upper Egypt. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of HBV among Assiut governorate patients. Our study examined 1085 patients for HBsAg at Assiut governorate, Egypt. Out of the 1085 population tested for HBsAg

ABSTRACT A novel route of diphenylamine (DPA) formation via ɤ-radiation-induced N-phenylation of aniline by chlorobenzene in oxygen-free condition is reported. A capillary gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method was developed for DPA identification and quantification. The effects of the reactants molar ratio, absorbed radiation dose, and dose rate on the yield of DPA were investigated in ɤ-irradiated

ABSTRACT Ciprofloxacin (CIP) antibiotic was loaded on silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), which were prepared by three different methods to enhance their antibacterial activity against Gram-negative (Escherichia coli) bacteria and Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) bacteria. AgNPs were prepared by using sodium borohydride (NaBH4), lactose and sodium citrate followed by one-year aging, in order to produce

ABSTRACT About 87% of the total dose received by the general public is due to naturally existing radioactive nuclides. Long-term exposure to the relatively long half-life radioactive elements (including Uranium, Thorium, and Potassium) and their decay products pose severe health threats to the population including lung cancer. The related available data has been collected from numerous studies conducted

ABSTRACT High-purity silicon wafers were irradiated in ultrapure water environment by laser ablation (LA). Columnar structures were induced on the surface using multiple pulses from Nd:YAG laser. Nd:YAG pulsed laser irradiance with 1.3 × 109 W/cm2 operated at 266 nm wavelength, 6 ns pulse duration, and 10 mJ pulse energy with different repetition rates 10 Hz and 20 Hz. Shape, structure, and size distribution

ABSTRACT Purpose: To compare the robustness of three dose-volume-histogram (DVH) prediction models for knowledge-based treatment planning (KBP) for radiation therapy. Methods: Three models proposed by Zhu et al. (Zmodel), Lindsey et al. (Lmodel), and Satomi et al. (Smodel) were selected, and compared based on identified archived radiation therapy plan cohorts (including 50 prostate cancer (PC) and

ABSTRACT For short pulses of transmitted electric fields in the MHz range with a low duty cycle, average power limits of the safety standards may be easily met while peak field requirements come into play. Previous research has shown that for related contact currents monophasic pulses (positive sign only) are orders of magnitude more effective at human nerve excitation than biphasic pulses. Some previous

ABSTRACT The aim of the present work was to increase bacterial adhesion on anode via inducing membrane modifications to enhance textile wastewater treatment in Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC). Real textile wastewater was used in mediator-less MFCs for bacterial enrichment. The enriched bacteria were pre-treated by exposure to 1 KGy gamma radiation and were tested in MFC setup. Bacterial cell membrane permeability

ABSTRACT Calibration-free laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (CF-LIBS) has been employed for elemental analysis of Granite Gneiss, rock sample, collected from Neelum Valley of Azad Jammu & Kashmir, Pakistan. The sample was irradiated with focused laser beam from Q-switched Neodymium Yttrium Aluminum Garnet laser, having 532 nm wavelength and pulse width of 5 ns, and the emission spectrum was recorded

ABSTRACT Psoriasis is a chronic autoimmune disorder that affects 3-4% of the world population. Keratinocytes and immune cells in patient’s skin secrets excess pro-inflammatory cytokines that in turn activates the differentiation of T helper cells (Th) into Th1 and Th17 and deactivates Th2 pathway. Several phototherapies have been used in treatment of moderate and severe psoriatic patients; among them

ABSTRACT Biochar is a promising metal-immobilizing material, nevertheless the studies of its modification and application in the removal of radionuclides, especially 137Cs from contaminated liquids remain rare. This research demonstrated that horticultural waste derived biochar (GWB) produced by slow pyrolysis process could be a suitable Cs adsorbent and also useful support to impregnate the potassium

ABSTRACT In recent years, ruthenium (II) complexes have attracted attention due to high DNA topoisomerase I inhibitory activities and good anticancer activities. Herein, an asymmetric ligand 2-(5-(1, 10-phenanthroline))-1 H-4,5-diphenyl-imidazole (pdpi) and its ruthenium complexes were synthesized. DNA-binding mode of two complexes was determined as intercalation by using UV–vis spectra, emission spectra

ABSTRACT This study was carried out during the two successive seasons of 2017 and 2018 to study the effect of both unirradiated and irradiated Lactobacillus paracasei cell-free supernatant in combination with glycerol and starch as well as gelatin as an edible coating (G/S/G unirradiated LAB supernatant and G/S/G irradiated LAB supernatant edible coating) on preserving tomato fruits under cold storage

ABSTRACT This paper presents the development of theoretical model for the purpose to calculate and analyze halo and eddy current effects in the tungsten divertor of Tokamak (Fusion) reactor. In the first step, focal points for plasma energy, sideways forces (on the vessel), impurities, and halo–eddy current effects (in terms of poloidal and toroidal magnetic field orientations) were calculated. During

ABSTRACT The aim of the study is to determine the dosimetric effects of the anatomical change during the course of IMRT. Two anatomical head and neck (H&N) phantoms were designed using Perspex material: phantom A, representing the patient before starting the treatment, and phantom B, representing the same patient after weight loss. Four treatment plans from treatment Planning System (TPS) were applied

ABSTRACT Computed tomography (CT) scans involve exposure to ionizing radiation, which can present unavoidable risks. CT is one of the largest contributors to man-made radiation dose in medical populations. Despite the clinical benefits and the increase of CT imaging usage, the concern of arising exposure of ionizing radiation associated with CT imaging may pose significant health risks. This paper

ABSTRACT Neutron radiography is an important nondestructive tool for analyzing both light and heavy elements. Most of the neutron radiography systems utilize research reactors as the source of neutrons. A feasibility study is presented in this work for designing a low-cost and efficient radiography system using a Deuteron-Deuteron neutron generator. The simulation software MCNP5 was utilized in this

ABSTRACT The corrosion inhibition of carbon steel was investigated in cooling water containing sodium octanoate (Oct), Zn-salts or blends of Oct-Zn salts. The weight loss and the potentiodynamic polarization methods were applied. ZnCl2, ZnSO4 and Zn (NO3)2 were studied. The results showed that Oct-Zn salt blends exhibited higher corrosion inhibition efficiency than either Oct or Zn Salts added separately

ABSTRACT The emerging threat of multi-drug resistance (MDR) in a wide range of diseases is a major public health problem, which prolongs treatment, imposes disabilities and reduces the expected life span. MDR is common in urinary tract infections (UTI). Due to recent dramatic change in antimicrobial activity spectrum, we evaluated the current spectrum of antimicrobials activity in UTIs. We observed

ABSTRACT Foeniculum vulgare Mill. (commonly known as fennel) is one of the precious spices. Almost all parts of the plant are edible and have powerful interest in phytochemical and pharmacological research. The present study was designed to examine the free radical scavenging potential, oxidative damage preventive activity, and anti–inflammatory effects of traditionally used fennel. It assessed the

ABSTRACT Purpose: x-ray contrast agents that contain iodine are commonly used for interventional and diagnostic procedures. To progress selective x-ray imaging, and discriminate the attenuating media, it is important to determine the absorption edge values and absorption features of the compounds used as contrast agents. For this purpose, μρ (mass attenuation coefficients), Zeff (effective atomic number)

ABSTRACT Thermoluminescence dosimetry (TLD) is useful for radiation detection for a wide range of applications with reasonable accuracy since its introduction to the clinical environment in 1954. However, the determination of uncertainty is crucial to obtain accurate measurements. This study intended to evaluate different types of expected classified errors for strontium tetraborate (SrB4O7) doped

ABSTRACT The efficacy of recombinant human thyroid stimulating hormone (rhTSH) and thyroid hormone withdrawal (THW) in estimating the whole body radioactive clearance was done by measuring the external dose rate for both stomach and neck at 1 m and 5 cm distances, respectively. Two groups of subjects, which were 34 patients with THW who stop the thyroxin uptake for 1 month and 3 patients with rhTSH

ABSTRACT In this work, a mathematical model for estimating the tube output for Three-phase x-ray machines is proposed. A total number of three x-ray machines are used. The output of each x-ray machine was measured using a Diavolt. During measurements, three types of data were collected: the filtration, the fixed kV, and the charge (mAs). Based on the survey data, a mathematical model for estimating

ABSTRACT Through the introduced work a viable numerical scheme has been developed, using Numerov’s method, to study the energy spectra of mesons and hadronic interactions. Upon the implementation of the non-relativistic quark model and the Quantum Chromodynamics theory elements which describe the phenomenological interactions between the charm–anticharm quarks via two proposed potentials, our model

ABSTRACT In the era of antibiotic resistance, antimicrobial polymers represent state of the art innovation evolved to fight biofilm-associated infections. In the present study, novel self-disinfecting polyurethane (PU) catheter materials were developed. Gamma radiation-induced graft copolymerization was used to functionalize PU using acrylic acid-co-glycidyl methacrylate (AAc/GMA) binary comonomer

ABSTRACT Metabolomic profiling of the crude extracts of the three Cycas plants leaves; Cycas armstrongii Miq., Cycas circinalis L., and Cycas revoluta Thunb. showed the presence of diverse secondary metabolites. A detailed phytochemical study of C. armstrongii fractions led to isolation of 15 known components of different classes, but this is the first time to report them for this species. These components

ABSTRACT Present work aimed to examine antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-mutagenic effects of senna and fennel via synergetic mechanisms against deleterious effects of gamma radiation exposure. Cytogenetic, biochemical and immunological investigations were evaluated in human blood lymphocyte cultures. Samples were divided into Group I: control, Group II: irradiated samples with 3Gy γ-irradiation

ABSTRACT The aim of the current study is to contribute to the basic understanding of Piriformosporaindica–Brassica campestris sp. chinensis interactions and to assess its impact on clubroot. This study revealed that P. indica, plant-root-colonizing fungus of Basidiomycetes, is capable to reduce the formation of clubroot in B. campestris sp. chinensis which is extremely susceptible to the root pathogen

ABSTRACT Herein, we report the characterization of chitosan-based cues incorporated with two different essential oils, i.e., tea tree oil (TTO) and clove oil (CO). The essential oils incorporated chitosan-based cues offer considerable solutions to eliminate pathogenic infections and/or to reduce microbial contaminations in healthcare facilities. In this background, chitosan(CST)-based cues were incorporated

ABSTRACT Reactive molecules derived from molecular oxygen and free radicals are commonly known as Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS). These molecules produce oxidative stress in cells leading to many pathological problems like diabetes, cancer, inflammation, neurodegenerative disorders, and aging. Antioxidants can remove free radicals from the human body. Therefore, it is of remarkable interest to increase

ABSTRACT An association between type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and chronic hepatitis C (CHC) infection have been shown by many studies. The present study investigated the role of vaspin and apelin and their association with biochemical, clinical and histopathological parameters in patients with CHC with and without diabetes in 40 patients (20 with CHC without diabetes and 20 CHC with diabetes) and

ABSTRACT Gemcitabine (GEM) is an anti-cancer drug that has been used in the treatment of a wide range of human cancers. However, cancer cells developing resistance to GEM which may limit its use. So, adjuvant therapies either enhance the effects of GEM or overcome resistance are needed for the treatment of cancer. In this study, we examined the influence of the interaction between γ-radiation (RAD)

ABSTRACT The antibacterial effect of green tea and pomegranate peel extracts on Streptococcus mutans of orthodontically treated patients and its adherence to the tooth surface were investigated. Streptococcus mutans was isolated from saliva and plaque samples collected from orthodontic treated patients before the start of treatment and 3 months after the treatment. Gamma irradiated (5, and 10 kGy)

ABSTRACT Potassium bromate (KBrO3), a strong oxidizing agent, is mainly used as a flour improver; it is classified as B2 (probable human) carcinogen and health organizations start banning it. However, it is still used in bakeries in large amounts. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of KBrO3 administration on the tongue of adult male albino rats. Sixty adult male albino rats weighting

ABSTRACT In this work, we discuss two results from GEANT4 simulations of the broad-energy germanium (BEGe) lung counting system used by the Carlsbad Environmental Monitoring and Research Center (CEMRC) internal dosimetry laboratory. The first component of the presented research consists of the integration of the cosmic muon background into the environmental background spectra and updated calculations

ABSTRACT Both radon and radium concentrations, radon exhalation rate in terms of area and mass, as well as the annual effective doses were measured in rock samples in Al-Qusair area, Egypt. In the present work, the can technique, containing CR-39 solid-state detector, was used to estimate the radium concentration and radon exhalation rates from different studied samples. The results of the study have

ABSTRACT Halloysite is a clay mineral found in the natural environment and it has many applications in chemistry and medical fields. The linear attenuation coefficient (µ) for halloysite nanotubes minerals simulated using MCNP 5 code between 0.015 and 15 MeV. Moreover, the linear attenuation coefficient calculated for all selected samples using Phys-X/PDS program. Furthermore, some important shielding

ABSTRACT Overcoming the distortion appears in the production of fuel plate in Material Testing Reactor type (MTR) type fuel is considered an important challenge in safeguard measurements. A methodology is presented using a mathematical model and MCNP code to minimize defects that result from the chemical mixing in U3O8-Al Compact. The mathematical model relates between distance (sample – detector)

ABSTRACT The commercial production of paclitaxel; the most potent anti-cancer drug, is based on its extraction from Taxus spp (yews) or microbial fermentation from yews’ endophytes. The present study investigated the capability of local endophytes that have been isolated from ecologically altered Taxus baccata (host tree) to produce this diterpenoid secondary metabolite and improve its production and

ABSTRACT This study was designed to characterize portal hypertension (PH) by assessing cirrhosis, estimating portal vein (PV) width and spleen size, identifying ascites and deciding abnormal collateral routes in hepatosplenic Schistosoma mansoni patients using brightness mode (B-mode) ultrasound (US). A total of 209 adult patients with hepatosplenic Schistosoma mansoni were prospectively recruited

ABSTRACT We evaluated medical exposure and risk estimation during routine radio-diagnostic examinations in Agadir City during the year 2012. The frequency data were collected from four main Radiological departments of the city performing radiography as well as computed tomography (CT) procedures. The estimated annual number of examinations was approximately 100.000. Eighty percent of diagnostic examinations

ABSTRACT Egyptian garlic (Allium sativum) cultivars Balady and Sids 40 were exposed to different gamma radiation doses 10, 20, 30 and 40 Gy. Gamma radiation sensitivity of the two varieties was varied whereas cv. Sids 40 tolerated up to 30 Gy, whilst cv. Balady tolerated up to 10 Gy. Genomic DNA was isolated from irradiated and un-irradiated garlic leaves from both cultivars for SCoT markers. Organosulfur

ABSTRACT Recently, the fundamental roles of microRNAs (miRNAs) in the progression and development of diseases have been shown in several studies. In the liver 70% of all expressed miRNAs is miR-122; therefore it is measured as a liver-specific miRNA. The aim of this work was to evaluate the hepatoprotective and radioprotective effect of orally administrated naringin and silymarin pre-treatment in CCl4-intoxicated

ABSTRACT Skin and kidney are commonly affected in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) with similar molecular mechanisms. Although clinical indicators of renal injury in SLE are fairly uncontroversial, few biomarkers are reliable. The role of Micro-RNAs (miRNAs) in lupus nephritis (LN) pathogenesis has been investigated. The aim of work is to evaluate miRNA199 expression in SLE Egyptian patients and

ABSTRACT Application of bone-seeking radiopharmaceuticals is one of the modalities in the management of metastatic bone pain. The present study aimed to investigate the potential of 177Lu-labeled phosphate/phosphonate ligands: 1-hydroxyethane 1,1-diphosphonic acid (HEDP), 2,3-dicarboxypropane-1,1-diphosphonic acid (DPD), and imidodiphosphate tetrasodium salt (IDP), as bone pain palliation agents. HEDP

ABSTRACT Natural radioactivity in soil, rock, building materials, and water is very important for the radiological protection point of view. Radon is one of the carcinogenic radioactive gases. Radon causes radiological risk to the public via ingestion and inhalation. The 222Rn activity concentrations were estimated in potable water of Uttara Kannada district (Coastal region) using the Emanometry technique

ABSTRACT The procedures of the radiation treatment of the cancer patient start with imaging of patient by CT machine. CT machine determine the locations and densities of patient organs in specific coordinate called pixels. Each pixel has a unit called CT number or Hounsfield Unit (HU) describing the amount of radiation attenuation in patient organ. The density of organ tissue is expressed in relative

ABSTRACT Ciprofloxacin (CIP) antibiotic was loaded on silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), which were prepared by three different methods to enhance their antibacterial activity against Gram-negative (Escherichia coli) bacteria and Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) bacteria. AgNPs were prepared by using sodium borohydride (NaBH4), lactose and sodium citrate followed by one-year aging, in order to produce