In a recent paper a toy model ( hypercubic model ) undergoing a first-order ##IMG## [http://ej.iop.org/images/1742-5468/2020/10/103202/jstatabb6e0ieqn2.gif] {${\mathbb{Z}}_{2}$} -symmetry-breaking phase transition ( ##IMG## [http://ej.iop.org/images/1742-5468/2020/10/103202/jstatabb6e0ieqn3.gif] {${\mathbb{Z}}_{2}$} -SBPT) was introduced. The hypercubic model was inspired by the topological hypothesis

We study the entanglement Hamiltonian for finite intervals in infinite quantum chains for two different free-particle systems: coupled harmonic oscillators and fermionic hopping models with dimerization. Working in the ground state, the entanglement Hamiltonian describes again free bosons or fermions and is obtained from the correlation functions via high-precision numerics for up to several hundred

The study of records in the linear drift model (LDM) has attracted much attention recently due to applications in several fields. In the present paper we study δ -records in the LDM, defined as observations which are greater than all previous observations, plus a fixed real quantity δ . We give analytical properties of the probability of δ -records and study the correlation between δ -record events

The Casimir scaling function characterising the ground-state energy of the sine-Gordon model in a finite circle has been studied analytically and numerically both in the repulsive and attractive regimes. The numerical calculations of the scaling function at several values of the coupling constant were performed by the iterative solution of the Destri–de Vega nonlinear integral equations. The ultraviolet

Staircases are main vertical evacuation passages in multi-story buildings characterized by different pedestrian flow from horizontal passages, such as corridors. Experiments were conducted to investigate crowd ascending and descending dynamics with different numbers of pedestrians in both uni- and bidirectional scenarios. Evacuation processes were recorded by video cameras and velocity sensors, and

This special issue presents papers from the Unifying Concepts in Glass Physics VII conference, which focussed on new developments in our understanding the glass transition, jamming and related slow and complex relaxation in classical and quantum systems, looking for connections between manifestations of glassy phenomena, contrasting statistical mechanics perspectives on these problems, and exploring

We consider a particle with a Langevin dynamics driven by a uniform non-conservative force, in a one-dimensional potential with periodic boundary conditions. We are interested in the properties of the system for atypical values of the time-integral of a generalized particle current. To study these, we bias the dynamics, at trajectory level, by a parameter conjugated to the current, within the large-deviation

Coupled bistate multipartite systems are extensively studied as a versatile model in the field of information thermodynamics. As such systems are functionalized via the interaction among the particles, mutual information is a key property in their operation. In this study, we analyze a simple numerical model comprising a set of coupled double quantum dots, where the disconnection of the elements is

The Heisenberg–Ising spin ladder is one of the few short-range models showing confinement of elementary excitations without the need of an external field, neither transverse nor longitudinal. This feature makes the model suitable for an experimental realization with ultracold atoms. In this paper, we combine analytic and numerical techniques to precisely characterize its spectrum in the regime of Hamiltonian

In this paper we present a study on pulse noise sources characterized by sub- and super-Poisson statistics. We make a comparison with their uncorrelated counterpart. i.e. pulse noise with Poisson statistics, while showing that the correlation properties of sub- and super-Poisson noise sources can be efficiently applied to population dynamics. Specifically, we consider a termite population, described

It is empirically established that order flow in the financial markets is positively auto-correlated and can serve as an example of a social system with long-range memory. Nevertheless, widely used long-range memory estimators give varying values of the Hurst exponent. We propose the burst and inter-burst duration statistical analysis as one more test of long-range memory and implement it with the

Cooperation in modern society is based on mutual trust and reputation information can well reflect people's social image. Good social norms encourage people to cooperate with high-reputation (or called ‘good’) individuals and severely punish those who defect ‘good’ individuals. However, the existing research lacks a unified criterion of how to evaluate the behavior when interacting with low-reputation

We establish a direct connection between inhomogeneous XX spin chains (or free fermion systems with nearest-neighbors hopping) and certain QES models on the line giving rise to a family of weakly orthogonal polynomials. We classify all such models and their associated XX chains, which include two families related to the Lamé (finite gap) quantum potential on the line. For one of these chains, we numerically

One of the major challenges posed by DNA-binding proteins to locate and bind their target sequences is the in vivo cellular environment, which is densely crowded by the high concentrations of other proteins and macromolecules that may hinder the diffusion of a protein molecule searching for its binding site on the DNA. To explore the molecular crowding effect on the target search, in this study we

Trap models describe glassy dynamics as a stochastic process on a network of configurations representing local energy minima. We study within this class the paradigmatic Barrat–Mézard model, which has Glauber transition rates. Our focus is on the effects of the network connectivity, where we go beyond the usual mean field (fully connected) approximation and consider sparse networks, specifically random

We measure the relaxation time of a square lattice Ising ferromagnet that is quenched to zero-temperature from supercritical initial conditions. We reveal an anomalous and seemingly overlooked timescale associated with the relaxation to ‘frozen’ two-stripe states. While close to a power law of the form ∼ L ν , we argue this timescale actually grows as ∼ L 2 ln L , with L the linear dimension of the

We analyse non-equilibrium Carnot-like cycles built with a colloidal particle in a harmonic trap, which is immersed in a fluid that acts as a heat bath. Our analysis is carried out in the overdamped regime. The cycle comprises four branches: two isothermal processes and two locally adiabatic ones. In the latter, both the temperature of the bath and the stiffness of the harmonic trap vary in time, but

The exact solution is obtained for a class of nonlinear Langevin equations, driven by Gaussian white noise, with drift and diffusion coefficients separable in time and space. In addition, the solutions for particular cases of the drift and diffusion coefficients have also been recovered and compared; it is shown that these systems can share similar solutions for specific ranges of the time-dependent

The double fractional Cattaneo model is first introduced to simulate the anomalous transport of inert compounds in spiny dendrites comb structure. Formulated governing equations with relaxation parameter are solved by Laplace transform and Mellin transform methods. The particle distribution and mean square displacement (MSD) are represented by Fox H-function and Mittag-Leffler function, respectively

We provide a thorough characterisation of the zero-temperature one-particle density matrix of trapped interacting anyonic gases in one dimension, exploiting recent advances in the field theory description of spatially inhomogeneous quantum systems. We first revisit homogeneous anyonic gases with point-wise interactions. In the harmonic Luttinger liquid expansion of the one-particle density matrix for

Multiple actions of the monodromy matrix elements onto off-shell Bethe vectors in the ##IMG## [http://ej.iop.org/images/1742-5468/2020/9/093104/jstatabacb2ieqn4.gif] {$\mathfrak{g}\mathfrak{l}\left(m\vert n\right)$} -invariant quantum integrable models are calculated. These actions are used to describe recursions for the highest coefficients in the sum formula for the scalar product. For simplicity

The main aim of this special issue is to report recent advances and new trends in nonequilibrium statistical mechanics of classical and quantum systems, from both theoretical and experimental points of view, within an interdisciplinary context. In particular, the nonlinear relaxation processes in the dynamics of out-of-equilibrium systems and the role of the metastability and environmental noise will

We consider network connection growing models that aim at minimizing the wiring cost while at the same time maximizing the network connections. By mapping the system to an Ising spin model, we obtain analytic results for two such models, both of them show interesting, but different phase transition behaviors for general wiring cost distributions. The phase diagrams for these transitions are also obtained

In the present paper we continue the investigation from Bovier and Külske (1996 J. Stat. Phys. 83 751–59) and consider the SOS (solid-on-solid) model on the Cayley tree of order k ⩾ 2. In the ferromagnetic SOS case on the Cayley tree, we find three solutions to a class of period-4 height-periodic boundary law equations and these boundary laws define up to three periodic gradient Gibbs measures.

We discuss work extraction from classical information engines (e.g., Szilárd) with N -particles, q partitions, and initial arbitrary non-equilibrium states. In particular, we focus on their optimal behaviour, which includes the measurement of a set of quantities Φ with a feedback protocol that extracts the maximal average amount of work. We show that the optimal non-equilibrium state to which the engine

Recently, it was established, via lower order moments, that the univariate q -normal distribution, which is the weighting function for q -Hermite polynomials, describes the ensemble-averaged eigenvalue density from many-particle random matrix ensembles generated by k -body interactions (Vyas and Kota 2019 J. Stat. Mech. 103103). These ensembles are generically called embedded ensembles of k -body interactions

In this paper, a novel analytical expression for the size distribution of one-dimensional structures at thermodynamic non-equilibrium is derived. The expression is obtained using one-dimensional lattice gas model. Ostwald ripening and decay of short one-dimensional islands is taken into account. The theoretical results are compared with kinetic Monte Carlo simulations and the experimental size distribution

Variants of the Voronoi construction, commonly applied to divide space, are analysed for quasi-two-dimensional hard sphere systems. Configurations are constructed from a polydisperse lognormal distribution of sphere radii, mimicking recent experimental investigations. In addition, experimental conditions are replicated where spheres lie on a surface such that their respective centres do not occupy

We consider the variable selection problem of generalized linear models (GLMs). Stability selection (SS) is a promising method proposed for solving this problem. Although SS provides practical variable selection criteria, it is computationally demanding because it needs to fit GLMs to many re-sampled datasets. We propose a novel approximate inference algorithm that can conduct SS without the repeated

Choosing influential nodes is crucial for pinning complex networks. However, most previous works only optimize the eigenratio of the Laplacian relevant matrices. Here, we address the problem of how to optimize the coupling range of a pinned system. Based on the matrix perturbation theory, we proposed a method to choose optimal pinning nodes. The detected pinning nodes could maximize the coupling range

The complex behavior of confined fluids arising due to a competition between layering and local packing can be disentangled by considering quasi-confined liquids , where periodic boundary conditions along the confining direction restore translational invariance. This system provides a means to investigate the interplay of the relevant length scales of the confinement and the local order. We provide

We introduce a mean-field model for analysing the dynamics of human consciousness. In particular, inspired by the Giulio Tononi’s Integrated Information Theory and by the Max Tegmark’s representation of consciousness, we study order–disorder phase transitions on Curie–Weiss models generated by processing EEG signals. The latter have been recorded on healthy individuals undergoing deep sedation. Then

We study the Rényi entropy and subsystem distances on one interval for the finite size and thermal states in the critical XY chains, focusing on the critical Ising chain and XX chain with zero transverse field. We construct numerically the reduced density matrices and calculate the von Neumann entropy, Rényi entropy, subsystem trace distance, Schatten two-distance, and relative entropy. As the continuum

We investigate the self-organization of point-particles with short-range interactions modeled via simple 1D and 2D Hubbard-like models. We show how various properties emerge such as, boson-like ordering leading to topological structures in real space, via the clustering of the particles at discrete energy levels, which can be analyzed using a network/graph mathematical language. We calculate analytically

In this paper, we investigate the characteristics of collective motion of Stokesian swimmers with impulsive acceleration (SSIA). We consider two types of intensity function, namely, the displacement-based intensity function and elapsed-time-based intensity function. The stationary velocity distribution function (VDF) of the SSIA obtained by the direct simulation Monte Carlo method is compared with

We calculate exactly the probability to find the ground state of the XY chain in a given spin configuration in the transverse σ z -basis. By determining finite-volume corrections to the probabilities for a wide variety of configurations, we obtain the universal boundary entropy at the critical point. The latter is a benchmark of the underlying boundary conformal field theory characterizing each quantum

The entanglement evolution after a quantum quench became one of the tools to distinguish integrable versus chaotic (non-integrable) quantum many-body dynamics. Following this line of thoughts, here we propose that the revivals in the entanglement entropy provide a finite-size diagnostic benchmark for the purpose. Indeed, integrable models display periodic revivals manifested in a dip in the block entanglement

Moving in the force-free field and tilted periodic potential, the diffusion of the inertial particle driven by the correlated Lévy noise and the dissipative nonlinearity, is investigated in this paper. We find that the non-negative time correlation, especially the underlying long-range correlation in the process, widens the particle’s coordinate distribution which behaves as a trimodal shape, highlighting

In these notes we explore a variety of models comprising a large number of constituents. An emphasis is placed on integrals over large Hermitian matrices, as well as quantum mechanical models whose degrees of freedom are organised in a matrix-like fashion. We discuss the relation of matrix models to two-dimensional quantum gravity coupled to conformal matter. We provide a brief overview of a variety

The characteristic function for heat fluctuations in a nonequilibrium system is characterised by a large deviation function whose symmetry gives rise to a fluctuation theorem. In equilibrium the large deviation function vanishes and the heat fluctuations are bounded. Here we consider the characteristic function for heat fluctuations in equilibrium, constituting a sub-leading correction to the large

We consider a simplified model for gene regulation, where gene expression is regulated by transcription factors (TFs), which are single proteins or protein complexes. Proteins are in turn synthesised from expressed genes, creating a feedback loop of regulation. This leads to a directed bipartite network in which a link from a gene to a TF exists if the gene codes for a protein contributing to the TF

An abundance of studies on synchronization focus on the characteristics of synchronization itself, but ignore the guiding role of information transfer between dynamic units on the synchronization process. In reality, continuous interactions between dynamic units are costly and sometimes unnecessary. Here we perform both traffic and synchronization processes in the same network and propose a model based

The walking behaviors of children are often different from adults. This paper presents an experimental study on the bidirectional flow of children in a corridor. A total of 80 children aged from 5 to 6 years old from a kindergarten participated in the experiments. The characteristics of children’s bidirectional flow were investigated with three macroscopic properties (i.e., density, speed and specific

We study two types of random matrix ensembles that emerge when considering the same probability measure on partitions. One is the Meixner ensemble with a hard wall and the other are two families of unitary matrix models, with weight functions that can be interpreted as characteristic polynomial insertions. We show that the models, while having the same exact evaluation for fixed values of the parameter

We investigate the run-and-tumble particle (RTP), also known as persistent Brownian motion, in one dimension. A telegraphic noise σ ( t ) drives the particle which changes between ±1 values at certain rates. Denoting the rate of flip from 1 to −1 as R 1 and the converse rate as R 2 , we consider the position- and direction-dependent rates of the form ##IMG## [http://ej.iop.org/images/1742-5468/202

We study the local persistence probability during non-stationary time evolutions in disordered contact processes with long-range interactions by a combination of the strong-disorder renormalization group method, a phenomenological theory of rare regions, and numerical simulations. We find that, for interactions decaying as an inverse power of the distance, the persistence probability tends to a non-zero

The Gardner length scale ξ is the correlation length in the vicinity of the Gardner transition, which is a transition in glasses where the phase space of the glassy phase fractures into smaller sub-basins on experimental time scales. We argue that ξ grows like ##IMG## [http://ej.iop.org/images/1742-5468/2020/8/083303/jstataba68aieqn1.gif] {$\sqrt{{B}_{\infty }/{G}_{\infty }}$} , where B ∞ is the bulk

We investigate the stability of a uniform elliptical vortex in a two-dimensional incompressible Euler fluid. It is demonstrated that for small eccentricities, the vortex relaxes to a core-halo structure that undergoes rigid rotation with the central core remaining nearly elliptical. For large eccentricities, the vortex splits into two quasi-circular vortices that revolve around the center of mass.

We consider new generalized statistics based on the generalization of statistical weight. We work out the thermodynamic curvature of an ideal gas with particles obeying such generalized statistics. For different values of generalization parameters; p and q , we observe that both attractive and repulsive intrinsic statistical interaction is expected. As long as p ⩾ q , the thermodynamic curvature is

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More than a century has passed since van’t Hoff and Arrhenius formulated their celebrated rate theories, but there are still elusive aspects in the temperature-dependent phase transition kinetics of molecular systems. Here I present a theory based on microcanonical thermostatistics that establishes a simple and direct temperature dependence for all rate constants, including the forward and the reverse

We consider the two-dimensional classical XY model on a square lattice in the thermodynamic limit using tensor renormalization group and precisely determine the critical temperature corresponding to the Berezinskii–Kosterlitz–Thouless (BKT) phase transition to be 0.89290(5) which is an improvement compared to earlier studies using tensor network methods.

The statistical description of a one-dimensional superdiffusive Lévy flier restricted to a finite domain is well known to be technically involving. For example, in this type of process the probability distribution P ( x , t ) and survival probability S ( t ) cannot be obtained from the method of images. Other methods, such as the fractional derivative approach, also find technical difficulties due

Ensemble averages of a stochastic model show that, after a formation stage, the tips of active blood vessels in an angiogenic network form a moving two dimensional stable diffusive soliton, which advances toward sources of growth factor. Here we use methods of multiple scales to find the diffusive soliton as a solution of a deterministic equation for the mean density of active endothelial cells tips

In this work we consider general fermion systems in two spatial dimensions, both with and without charge conservation symmetry, which realize a non-trivial fermionic topological order with only Abelian anyons. We address the question of precisely how these quantum phases differ from their bosonic counterparts, both in terms of their edge physics and in the way one would identify them in numerics. As

We give a Pfaffian formula to compute the partition function of the Ising model on any graph G embedded in a closed, possibly non-orientable surface. This formula can be considered as an extension of the generalised Kac–Ward formula in Cimasoni (2010 J. Stat. Mech. P07023) to the case of non-orientable surfaces. By combining the ideas of Loebl–Masbaum (2011 Adv. Math. 226 332–49), Tesler (2000 J. Comb

Entanglement or modular Hamiltonians play a crucial role in the investigation of correlations in quantum field theories. In particular, in 1 + 1 space–time dimensions, the spectra of entanglement Hamiltonians of conformal field theories (CFTs) for certain geometries are related to the spectra of the physical Hamiltonians of corresponding boundary CFTs. As a result, conformal invariance allows exact

The totally asymmetric exclusion process (TASEP) is an outstanding paradigm of self-driven particle models. A new two-channel TASEP model with short-range interactions in horizontal and vertical directions is given. The dynamic properties of the system with periodic boundary and open boundary are investigated by computer simulation and theoretical analysis. The analysis results based on the cluster

Using the idea of the quantum inverse scattering method, we introduce the operators B ( x ), C ( x ) and ##IMG## [http://ej.iop.org/images/1742-5468/2020/8/083101/jstataba0aaieqn1.gif] {$\tilde {\mathbf{B}}\left(x\right),\tilde {\mathbf{C}}\left(x\right)$} corresponding to the off-diagonal entries of the monodromy matrix T for the phase model and i -boson model in terms of bc fermions and neutral fermions

Many real transportation and mobility networks have their vertices placed on the surface of the Earth. In such embeddings, the edges laid on that surface may cross. In his pioneering research, Moon analyzed the distribution of the number of crossings on complete graphs and complete bipartite graphs whose vertices are located uniformly at random on the surface of a sphere assuming that vertex placements