Stenosis can disrupt the normal pattern of blood flow and make the artery more susceptible to buckling which may cause arterial tortuosity. Although the stability simulations of the atherosclerotic arteries were conducted based on solid modeling and static internal pressure, the mechanical stability of stenotic artery under pulsatile blood flow remains unclear while pulsatile nature of blood flow makes

This work is focused to investigate the effect of various discontinuities like cracks, inclusions and voids for an orthotropic plate, to evaluate the normalized mixed-mode stress intensity factors (NMMSIFs) by implementing the extended finite element method (XFEM) under uniaxial tensile loading though considering the various numerical examples. The NMMSIFs are investigated with the interaction of crack

This paper proposes a novel composite two sub-step implicit method to effectively solve structural dynamic problems. The main highlight of the new method lies that it is truly self-starting and so avoids computing the initial acceleration vector, but the second-order accurate acceleration output can be still provided. Besides, the new method does not sacrifice other desired numerical characteristics

To solve the problem of rail crack propagation, inadequate studies mainly use a two-dimensional (2D) model for macroscopic crack analysis owing to the failure of accurately reflecting the contact status between the wheel and rail. In this work, we use ANSYS software to establish a three-dimensional (3D) wheel–rail contact model to clarify the microcracks on the rail tread. The influence of the number

A new numerical method, verified by the analytical solution of the weight functions and experimental paths, is developed to evaluate the crack initiation and propagation generally in mixed mode (I-II). This numerical method combining the interaction integral method and the maximum tangential stress (MTS) criterion is based on the finite element method of secondary development. The influence of combined

This study presents the analytical modeling of a novel, simple, practical, and environmentally-friendly piezoelectric thermal energy harvester which consists of two main components: a substance exposed to a fluctuating heat source (a solid elastic material or a pressurized gas) and a piezoelectric layer to generate electrical power. Thermal variations resulting from the fluctuating heat source within

Examination of the flat and curved plates flying close to the ground is an appropriate approach in understanding the complexity of flow behavior near a solid or liquid surface. When a body flies close to a surface, the vortex structure behind the body is changed; therefore, the resultant lift force is more than zero. This phenomenon is named “ground effect”. In this study, flat and curved plates submerged

This research focuses on generating the plastic collapse load boundaries of a cylindrical vessel with a radial nozzle via employing three different plastic collapse load techniques. The three plastic collapse load techniques employed are the plastic work curvature (PWC) criterion, the plastic work (PW) criterion, and the twice-elastic-slope (TES) method. Mathematical based determination of plastic

Metamaterials (MMs) are composites that are artificially engineered to have unconventional mechanical properties that stem from their microstructural geometry rather than from their chemical composition. Several studies have shown the effectiveness of viscoelastic MMs in vibration attenuation due to their inherent vibration dissipation properties and the Bragg scattering effect. This study presents

Detonation propagation in a confined circular arc configuration of an insensitive high explosive PBX9502 is investigated via numerical simulation in this paper. We introduce a steady detonation wave entering the explosive arc with confinements of stainless steel, and then it undergoes a transition phase and reaches a new steady state with a constant angular speed eventually. The influences of the inner

When a hyperelastic tube is inflated, the inflation pressure has a maximum for almost all rubber material models, but has no maximum for commonly used arterial models. It is generally believed that the pressure having a maximum is a necessary condition for localized bulging to occur, and therefore aneurysms cannot be modeled as a mechanical bifurcation phenomenon. However, recent theoretical studies

The slotted disk spring is an important part of ultrasonic motors. Its mechanical properties directly affect the running stability of the motor. In this study, an analytical model is developed to solve the preload problem for slotted disk springs used in ultrasonic motors. The outer conical ring of the slotted disk spring is modeled using the conical shell theory. The inner separated teeth are modeled

In technical practice, problems associated with material fatigue often arise. These problems can be caused by errors in the stages of design, production or use of the structure, e.g., by incorrect determination of service life, incorrect dimensioning of construction details, incorrect welds, etc. In the case of welds, such issues may be caused due to the fact that the base material is not welded through

A hybrid finite element method is proposed for the heat conduction analysis with variable thermal conductivities. A linear combination of fundamental solutions is employed to approximate the intra-element temperature field while standard one-dimensional shape functions are utilized to independently define the frame temperature field along the element boundary. The influence of variable thermal conductivities

This study investigates the influence of large amplitude vibration on geometrically imperfect sandwich curved panels embedded with gradient metallic cellular (GMC) core using an efficient nonlinear finite element formulation based on higher-order shear deformation theory (HSDT). The cores of the sandwich curved panels are assumed to have three distinct porosity distributions. The material properties

In this paper, nonlinear resonance characteristics of a dielectric elastomer actuator are investigated with special consideration on the thermal effects. A finite thermo-elasticity model based on the Gent model is constructed to analyze the vibrational response of the system. The equation of motion is derived via the Euler–Lagrange method. The multiple scales method and the Taylor series expansion

Computational models provide a powerful tool for pre-clinical assessment of medical devices and early evaluation of potential risks to the patient in terms of plaque fragmentation and in-stent restenosis (ISR). Using a suitable constitutive model for arterial tissue is key for the development of a reliable computational model. Although some inelastic phenomena such as stress softening and permanent

The transient deflections of the functionally graded structure considering various types of patterns (power-law, sigmoid and exponential) are computed in this paper numerically using a higher-order shear deformation model. Also, the model includes variable distribution of porosity, i.e., the even and the uneven types, through the thickness direction (z-axis) of the graded panel. The transient deflection

The force response of poroelastic materials including poroelastic gels to indentation is known to be time- and space-dependent (i.e., a function of indenter shape and size). Despite the complexity of the poroelastic response and in contrast to viscoelastic mechanics, poroelastic mechanics can be captured in terms of several intrinsic mechanical properties, such as elasticity, permeability, and Poisson

For the distribution prediction of fatigue life and residual strength of fiber reinforced polymer composites, the existing models have the disadvantages of imprecision, instability and single applicability. A novel S–N curve model and a residual strength degradation model were first developed, which are independent and uncorrelated. After verifying their reliability, the statistical distribution models

The strong coupling effect of two-phase flow and ice accompanies the ice accretion process of aircraft and wind turbine in damp and cold environment. A method based on the Eulerian two-phase flow, domain discretization of finite volume method (FVM) and finite element method (FEM), and fluid–solid coupling for numerical simulation of ice accretion is presented in this paper. In addition, the icing process

In this study, a bubble complex finite strip method (BCFSM) with the higher-order zigzag theory is formulated for mechanical buckling and free vibration analysis of laminated composite plates, including cross-ply and angle-ply laminates. Few studies have been done to obtain the analytical solutions for clamped and free boundary conditions in the longitudinal and transverse edges. Therefore, this study

This work proposes a gradient enhanced localized radial basis collocation method (GL-RBCM) for solving boundary value problems. In particular, the attention is paid to the solution of inverse Cauchy problems. It is known that the approximation by radial basis functions often leads to ill-conditioned systems due to the global nature. To this end, the reproducing kernel shape function and gradient reproducing

The stress-softening phenomenon, named as the Mullins effect, can widely occur in filled rubbers after cyclic loading and unloading conditions. The reloading curve is typically below the initial loading curve unless the applied strain exceeds the previously applied maximum strain. Experimental observations have also shown that the Mullins effect can be recovered by annealing the pre-deformed filled

A seismic survey is perhaps the most common geophysical technique used to locate potential oil and natural gas deposits in the geologic structures. Thanks to the rapid development of modern high-performance computing systems, the computer simulation technology plays a crucial role in processing the field data. The precision of the full-waveform inversion (FWI) essentially depends on the quality of

We study the electromechanical and electrical behaviors of a PN junction in a multiferroic composite fiber, consisting of a piezoelectric semiconductor (PS) layer between two piezomagnetic (PM) layers, under a transverse magnetic field. Based on the derived one-dimensional model for multiferroic composite semiconductor structures, we obtain the linear analytical solution for the built-in potential

Buckling problems of plates with interfaces caused by step changes in thickness, internal line supports and line hinges under uni-axial and bi-axial in-plane compressive loads are solved by using the matched interface and boundary (MIB) method. In view of buckling problems of plates, new MIB algorithms and their interpolation formulations are developed to deal with various interfaces. A number of examples

A time domain method for identifying random dynamic loads is proposed based on spectral decomposition and regularization, which to some extent makes up for the deficiency of frequency domain methods. The random dynamic loads are descripted with their time domain mean functions and covariance matrix, which can intuitively reflect the statistical characteristics of the loads. Therein the random dynamic

Due to strong nonlinear, unsteady characteristics and the fluid–structure interaction effect, vibration analysis of blades under the excitation of the airflow is still one of the technical difficulties. In this paper, the accurate subsonic aerodynamic force is obtained through numerical simulation, and the aerodynamic coupling model of the rotary blade is established. The distribution of the aerodynamic

Thermal buckling of graphene platelets (GPLs) reinforced sandwich functionally graded porous (SWFGP) plate with temperature-dependent (TD) properties is investigated. The studied plate is composed of two homogeneous face layers and one functionally graded porous core. Two types of porosity distribution with uniformly distributed GPL reinforcement are included. Based on the first-order shear deformation

Cylindrical hydrogels have a wide variety of applications, especially in microfluidics as micro-valves, micro-mixers, and micro-lenses. Main advantages of them can be mentioned as their simple geometry and autonomous functionality due to their responses to the environmental stimuli. In current research, kinetics of swelling, shrinking and force generation of cylindrical temperature-responsive hydrogels

Many experiments have well found that the lifespan of lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries can be effectively improved by nanoscale structured electrodes. In order to investigate the coupling mechanical and chemical mechanism underlying the superior performance of nanoscale structured electrodes, an alternative diffusion-stress coupling model considering the surface effect of nanomaterials is proposed. The

Twisted and coiled polymer actuators (TCPAs), an emerging class of artificial muscles, exhibit the advantages of large stroke, low hysteresis, low cost, etc. The effect of design parameters on thermal actuation is important for the effective design of TCPAs. In this study, a new model has been developed to describe the effect of geometrical parameters on thermal actuation based on Castigliano’s second

Bending of bidirectional functionally graded nanobeams under mechanical loads and magnetic force was investigated. The nanobeam is assumed to be resting on the Winkler–Pasternak foundation. Eringen’s nonlocal elasticity theory and Timoshenko beam model are utilized to describe the mechanical behavior of the nanobeam. Material properties of the functionally graded beam are assumed to vary in the thickness

This paper presents numerical and analytical studies of the response of a sacrificial cladding structure with an Alporas aluminum foam core and a thick mild steel cover and rear plates under blast loading. A suitable numerical model in LS-DYNA based on the coupled Load Blast Enhanced/Multi-Material Arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian (LBE/MM-ALE) methods is selected and validated using the experimental data

The phenomenon of acoustic black hole (ABH) exhibits unique and appealing features when bending waves propagate along a structure with a tailored power-law thickness profile. The ABH-induced wave retarding and energy focussing are conducive to effective wave manipulation and energy harvesting. Using a PZT-coated ABH beam as a benchmark, this paper investigates the electromechanical coupling between

By using the improved moving least-square (IMLS) approximation to present the shape function, the improved element-free Galerkin (IEFG) method is investigated to solve diffusional drug release problems in this paper. In order to get the discretized equation system, Galerkin weak form of a diffusional drug release problem is used with applying essential boundary conditions using the penalty method.

This paper deals with the nonlinear large deflection torsional buckling of functionally graded carbon nanotube (CNT) orthogonally reinforced composite cylindrical shells surrounded by Pasternak’s elastic foundations with the thermal effect. The shell is made by two layers where the polymeric matrix is reinforced by the CNTs in longitudinal and circumferential directions for outer and inner layers,

High importance of fluid-conveying structures in multifarious engineering applications arises the necessity of enhancing the mechanical characteristics of these systems in an effective way. Accordingly, this paper is concerned with vibration performance of functionally graded graphene-platelets reinforced composite (FG-GPLRC) fluid-conveying viscoelastic cylindrical shell surrounded by two-parameter

A two-dimensional wear contact problem with a stick zone is considered for a Hertzian cylindrical contact configuration and Archard’s equation of wear. A one-free-parameter simple model for the wear volume accumulation during the reciprocating wear process, which occurs in two symmetric variable slip zones, is developed and validated against numerical solutions available in the literature. The developed

Multi-layered locally resonant phononic crystals (LRPCs) with wider and multiple bandgaps (BGs) in low frequency range and small size of the unit cell have promising applications in noise and vibration controls. In this paper, a 2D two-layered ternary LRPC consisting of a periodical array of cylindrical inclusions embedded in an epoxy matrix is investigated by the finite element method (FEM), where

In this paper, a thermodynamically consistent chemo-thermo-mechanical coupled constitutive relationship is developed based on the local energy conservation equation, the entropy inequality and mass conservation equation, and the constitutive relation for chemo-mechanical coupled problem was degraded when the temperature was kept constant. The governing equations of chemo-mechanical coupling model were

Droplet-based microfluidics technologies hold great attention in a wide range of applications, including chemical analysis, drug screening, and food industries. This work aimed to describe the effects of different physical properties of the two immiscible phases on droplet formation in a flow-focusing microfluidic device and determining proper flow rates to form a droplet within the desired size range

This research presents theoretical investigation to analyze vibration of axially moving sandwich plate floating on fluid. This plate is composed of balsa wood core and two nanocomposite face sheets where the three layers vibrated as an integrated sandwich. The fluid–structure interaction (FSI) effects on the stability of moving plate are considered for both ideal and viscous fluid. Halpin–Tsai model

The reference stress method (RSM) is a classical method to estimate C∗-integral of creep crack. An extended reference stress method (ERSM) is given for the central cracked plate (CCP) under biaxial loading in this paper. The applicability and verification for the proposed ERSM is given. The study finds that the solutions with the proposed ERSM agree better than those of RSM under biaxial loading condition

The sloshing response of fluid in a rigid circular cylindrical tank with multiple rigid annular baffles and subjected to horizontal and pitching excitations is investigated. The subdomain method for fluid sloshing is utilized to obtain exact solutions to the convective velocity potential of liquid. By substituting the velocity potential of liquid into free surface sloshing equation, the response equation

Bone mechanical behavior varies according to the mechanical loading to which it is subjected, and its response effectiveness mainly depends on its quality. Thus, measuring the indicators controlling the bone quality is required to assess its strength. Indeed, the Finite Element Method (FEM) provides a non-invasive tool to interpret bone quality. Therefore, this work coupled the FEM with a micromechanical

The elastic-plastic deformation of rotating functionally graded (FG) cylinders is investigated based on strain gradient theory. The governing equations are obtained based on the modified von Mises yield criterion, linear work hardening and plane strain assumptions. An analytical solution for the obtained equations is presented by which the deformation, strain and stress components for any point of

A new two-dimensional periodic structure is proposed. This structure consists of curved beams with different radii of curvature and lengths spirally connected to each other to form a circle. Geometrical parameter effects on the first three in-plane vibration band gaps of this structure are studied using the differential quadrature method. Results show that for each set of the radii of curvature, as

An efficient finite element model based on three nodded element has been developed for the vibration analysis of sandwich arches with graded metallic cellular (GMC) core. The present formulation is based on the higher-order shear deformation theory and orthogonal curvilinear coordinate axes. The arch consists of two isotropic face sheets and a GMC core layer. The internal pores in the core layer follow

Soft materials, such as polymeric materials and biological tissues, often exhibit strain rate and temperature-dependent behavior when subjected to external loads. To characterize the thermomechanical behavior of isotropic soft material, a thermohyperviscoelastic constitutive model has been developed through an additive decomposition of strain energy function into elastic and viscous parts. A three-term

The vibration of a solid elastic cylinder is one of the classical applied problems of elastodynamics. Many fundamental forced-vibration problems involving solid elastic cylinders have not yet been studied or solved using the full three-dimensional (3D) theory of linear elasticity. One such problem is the steady-state forced-vibration response of a simply-supported isotropic solid elastic circular cylinder

This paper experimentally investigates the behavior of sandwich beam with auxetic core subjected to low-velocity impact loading. Two types of sandwich beams with different topologies of auxetic cellular cores were produced. Furthermore, a test procedure involving a cylindrical impactor was developed, and a parametric study was designed and performed. The results revealed that, at the same level of

In this paper, an analytical solution for functionally graded sandwich plate adhesively bonded by viscoelastic interlayer is proposed to research its time-dependent behavior. The Kirchhoff plate theory is employed to describe the mechanical property of each gradient layer with elastic modulus defined as the arbitrary function through the thickness direction. The standard linear solid model is applied

This paper presents an analytical solution of a coated square hole embedded in an isotropic infinite plate under a remote uniform heat flow. Based on conformal mapping, analytic continuation theorem and the alternation technique, temperature and stress functions are derived in a compact series form. Results of temperature contours and interfacial stresses are validated using the finite element method

In this paper, the novel model of fluid-conveying imperfect pipe supported at both ends is established by considering the geometric imperfection and the geometric nonlinearity induced by mid-plane stretching. The integral-partial differential equation is discretized by the Galerkin method and solved by a fourth-order Runge–Kutta integration algorithm. Compared with the supercritical pitchfork bifurcation

In this study, 3D thermal stresses in composite laminates under steady-state through thickness thermal conduction are investigated by means of a stress function-based approach. One-dimensional thermal conduction is solved for composite laminate and the layerwise temperature distribution is calculated first. The principle of complementary virtual work is employed to develop the governing equations.

Smart control and dynamic investigation of a graphene nanoplatelets reinforced composite (GPLRC) cylindrical shell surrounded by a piezoelectric layer as actuator and sensor based on a numerical solution method called generalized differential quadrature method (GDQM) are presented for the first time. The strains and stresses can be determined via the first-order shear deformable theory (FSDT). For

As a basic element of the micro/nanodevices, nanobeams have remarkable physical properties and have attracted considerable attention in the previous studies. However, previous publications did not study the large deformation problem of nanobeams under follower loading when the surface effect becomes significant and especially for the influence of surface effect on mechanical behaviors of the nanobeams

The free vibration frequency responses of the laminated composite structure with a cut-out of variable shapes (square/circular/elliptical), position (center/eccentric) and orientation (parallel/inclined) are investigated for the first time in this research including geometrical shapes. The eigenvalues are obtained computationally for the cut-out borne structure via a linear isoparametric finite element