The commensurate contact condition plays a key role in the directional friction properties and wear performance when two surfaces slide against each other. An experimental study on bidirectional friction and wear control by nanosecond pulsed laser selective texturing of grooves on AISI 304 stainless steel (SS) and TA2 titanium (Ti) surfaces of the sliding components was proposed. The influence of the

Laser-assisted wire cladding has emerged as a popular method for the surface modification and repair of components as it provides cleaner processing environments, reduced costs with higher material deposition rates, and better surface finish. However, the high capital cost of laser cladding systems can be detrimental to their adoption in industry. This work presents a favourable option for industry

In order to explore the main factors influencing the thermal conductivity of the cold sprayed Cu coating, four sets of Cu coatings with different deformation and annealing conditions were prepared by high/middle pressure cold spray systems followed by the annealing procedure. Microstructure and recrystallization analysis of the coatings were characterized by SEM and EBSD. Relationship of the thermal

The NiCoCrAlYTa coating deposited on Ni-based superalloy using arc ion plating (AIP) technology was subjected to isothermal oxidation in air at 1050°C for up to 200 h. The microstructure, oxides scale thickness, growth stress and interface diffusion behaviour were characterized by using scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, electron probe micro-analyser and photo-stimulated luminescence

Transparent co-doped TiO2 thin films have been fabricated by sol-gel dip-coating. The doping is achieved using low concentrations of neodymium (Nd), silver (Ag), and copper (Cu). A significant effect of doping is noticed on the morphology and optical properties of thin films. XRD analysis confirms the formation of a pure anatase phase with a deterioration of the crystallinity upon doping. The co-doped

(2020). Editorial. Surface Engineering. Ahead of Print.

Nanocrystalline-strengthened surface layer significantly improves the surface hardness and wear resistance of Cu or Cu alloys and avoids the reduction of conductivity. However, the poor thermal stability limits its industrial application. Herein, a series of Cu-Ni-Al films were prepared by radio frequency magnetron sputtering, which shows γ (∼20 nm) + γ′΄ phase (∼10 nm) dual nanostructure. Compared

In this study, a novel micro-nano hierarchically structured fluoridated hydroxyapatite (FHAp) coating on AZ31B substrate was successfully synthesized via a simple one-step electrochemical deposition method. And the formulation of the electrodeposition solution is simple and environment-friendly without any harmful additives. The FHAp coating consists of a large amount of nanorods and some micro-structured

Zinc–Nickel monolayer (single layer) and compositionally modulated multilayer alloy coatings were developed on to mild steel from acidic sulphate bath; and their corrosion performance were studied using potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy methods. The coating layers were formed galvanostatically by single bath technique, using square current pulses and triangular

To enhance the mechanical properties of Ni–WC coatings, the carbon nanotubes were used as reinforced materials by laser cladding. Optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were used to investigate the effect of CNTs content on the phase composition and microstructure. The microhardness and wear resistance were measured

In this study, thermal barrier coatings with different porosities were prepared using 8 wt-% yttria-stabilized zirconia by atmospheric plasma spray on a superalloy substrate. The porosity of the ceramic coating was increased by modulating the primary gas flow rate and the secondary gas flow rate. The elastic modulus and fracture toughness of the coatings were measured by the indentation method, and

Ti–Al–Mo–N composite films with different molybdenum content were deposited by reactive magnetron sputtering. The results showed that the films consisted of fcc-(Ti, Al, Mo) N substitutional solid solution within 8.2 at.-% Mo. The films consisted of two phases which were fcc-(Ti, Al, Mo) N substitutional solid solution and fcc-Mo2N at 27.7–49.4 at.-% Mo. The hardness increased slowly at 0–27.7 at.-%

WC-reinforced FeCoCrNi high entropy alloy (HEA) composite coatings with different WC morphology of spherical and irregular shape, were prepared by plasma cladding. The effects of WC morphology on carbide evolution, WC dissolution, and the wear resistance of the coatings were investigated. The results indicated that the evolution of the massive and fish-bone M6C carbides were significantly influenced

The purpose of this paper is to examine the influence of cold spraying parameters on the performance of Fe-based amorphous alloy (FAA) coating. A FeCoCrMoBCY amorphous alloy coating was prepared on a 40Cr substrate by cold-spraying with different gas pressures and temperatures. The results show that the spray temperature has no substantial effect on the amorphous content during deposition. The porosity

AlCrN/AlCrMoN multilayer coatings with various bilayer numbers (1, 2, 4, and 6) were deposited on high speed steel (HSS) via arc ion plating technology. The effects of bilayer numbers on the microstructure, mechanical and tribological properties were investigated. XRD and TEM results showed that the solid solution (Al, Cr, Mo) N was the main phase in the AlCrN/AlCrMoN multilayer coatings. As compared

Silicon carbide (SiC) ceramic exhibits several outstanding properties, such as superior chemical and thermal stabilities, high radiation resistance and low thermal expansion, that qualify it as a prime candidate for space applications. Optical quality with surface figure accuracy of the order of 60 nm peak-to-valley (PV) and micro-roughness (root-mean-square, RMS) less than 2 nm is necessary for space

Cermet coatings were fabricated on AA5083 by D gun coating technique using three different combinations of powder feedstock namely WC–Co, WC–Co–Cr, and Cr3C2–NiCr. The effect of powder combinations on coatings’ phase composition, surface morphology, and cross-sectional microstructure were investigated using XRD, SEM, and EDS. Major findings revealed that WC–Co and WC–Co–Cr powders produced higher thickness

TiC/TiCN/TiN multilayer coating was prepared on a high-speed tool steel W6Mo5Cr4V2 by chemical vapour deposition. The tribological performance and behaviour of the coating were investigated at an elevated temperature of 400–600°C. Results show that the friction coefficient of the coating first decreases from 0.39 to 0.08 and then increases from 0.08 to 0.23 with the increase in temperature, while the

Nitriding can improve the surface hardness and wear resistance of metals, and rare earths can speed up this process. To study the mechanism of rare earths promoting salt bath nitriding, GX-8 steel was nitrided at different temperatures in two salt baths with and without rare earth Ce. First, structures and depths of the nitrided layers were investigated by microscopic observation, X-ray diffraction

The outermost surfaces of Personal Protective Equipments (PPEs) interact with virus surface-protein as the first step during its transmission from aerosols and contacting surfaces, which can be tuned by surface engineering/modification. This report highlights the role of engineered surface chemistry of PPEs to avoid the spreading of the novel SARS-CoV-2 virus in hospitals. Physical properties of surfaces

Electrodeposition of aluminium on the copper substrate using two different chloroaluminate ionic liquid electrolytes such as AlCl3/1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride electrolyte (AlCl3-BMIC) and AlCl3/1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride electrolyte (AlCl3-EMIC) were studied. Cyclic voltammetry studies reveal the aluminium deposition process follows two steps mechanism in AlCl3-EMIC electrolytes

MoS2 is a two-dimensional semiconductor nanoelectronic device, the application value and application field of which can be increased based on band-gap modulation. In this study, monolayer MoS2 samples were prepared on four TiAlSiN-coated substrates with different Ti compositions using the mechanical stripping approach. The band-gap variation in monolayer MoS2 was studied using the photoluminescence

The rapid degradation rate restricts the application of magnesium-based biomaterials. Therefore, we constructed Ag-containing micro-arc oxidation (MAO) coatings on Mg–3Zn–0.5Sr alloys to improve the properties of magnesium alloys. Different concentrations of CH3COOAg (0, 1, 2, 3 g L−1) were added into the electrolyte to investigate the effects of Ag+ content on properties of MAO coatings. The addition

In the present study, FeCoCrNiAl x (x = 0.3, 0.7) coatings were fabricated by laser cladding technology. XRD analysis and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to investigate the evolution of phases and microstructures before and after the high-temperature oxidation test. The micro-hardness, tribological behaviour, and corrosion resistance of the coatings, before and after the high-temperature

Undoped ZnO and Mg-doped ZnO (MZO) thin films were synthesized by sol–gel dip-coating technique. The effect of Mg dopant on the structural, surface-morphological, and optical properties together with the photocatalytic activities of the films was studied. Morphological study shows that incorporation of Mg increases the porosity of the films. Structural investigation reveals that Mg doping declines

Al85Ni8Y4Ce3 amorphous coatings were prepared on Q235 steel by laser thermal spraying and laser remelting. The structure and thermodynamic behaviour of the coating were analysed by scanning electron microscope, energy-dispersive spectrometer, X-ray diffractometer and differential scanning calorimeter. The microhardness distribution and wear properties of the coating were investigated by microhardness

A nanocrystalline TiO2 glass coating was developed by sintering sol–gel derived thin film at 450°C. FTIR spectroscopy confirmed the absence of hydroxide gel and unreacted precursor as well as the presence of TiO2. The crystalline phase was predominantly anatase as identified from the XRD measurement and the crystallite size obtained from Scherrer’s equation was 166 nm. This was in good agreement with

To investigate the mechanical behaviour of graded chemically bonded ceramic coating, four types of ceramic coatings were prepared in this study, and a graded coating was designed using the four coatings sorted by hardness. A finite element simulation was performed to observe the mechanical properties of the graded coating. The results revealed that the effective hardness of the graded coating decreased

NiCrAlY coating was deposited on the IN-738LC Ni-based superalloy by cathodic arc deposition at the substrate temperatures of 400°C and 700°C. The effects of the substrate temperature on the microstructure and the isothermal oxidation behaviour of the coatings were then investigated. SEM image and XRD analysis were used to characterize the deposited coatings. It was found that when the substrate temperature

C/SiC gradient composite coatings with ultra-high emissivity have been deposited at 900°C on 316L stainless steel (SS) substrates using electron beam-physical vapour deposition (EB-PVD) by directly evaporating the raw powder of α-Sick The structural properties of the coating were investigated in detail. The results showed that the coating was mainly composed of C and nanocrystalline SiC. Its surface

Electroless Ni-P-NiTi composite coatings were prepared on API X100 steel substrates by co-depositing Ti particles and Ni-P then followed by annealing Ni-P-Ti coatings. The formation of austenite NiTi phase was validated by XRD, line scan and point EDS. The Gibbs free energies for the formation of various intermetallic NiTi phases during annealing were calculated. The nanoindentation behaviour of annealed

A nitrogen expanded austenite (γN) layer with a thickness of 3 μm was prepared by plasma nitriding of 2205 duplex stainless steel (DSS) at 460°C for 1 h with hollow cathode discharge assistance. The microstructure and phase composition of nitrided specimens were examined. The electrical conductivity of nitrided samples was measured before and after the corrosion test, respectively. The corrosion current

Surface mechanical attrition treatment (SMAT) is a unique method for the nanoscale refinement of a surface grain structure without changing the alloy chemical composition. Herein, the effect of SMAT on the corrosion resistance of 316L stainless steel in artificial sea water used as a corrosive medium has been investigated. As a result, a passive film and a nanostructured layer were formed on the SMAT-processed

A series of Co2FeSi (CFS)/MgO heterostructures with Pd and Ta buffers are fabricated by sputtering method. Perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) with energy density of ∼1 × 106 erg/cm3 is demonstrated in the annealed heterostructures deposited onto two heavy metal buffers. Pronounced influence of buffer layers on the magnetic and interfacial PMA properties is observed. Thicker magnetic dead layer

A convenient fabrication approach is proposed for a durable superhydrophobic epoxy surface. By duplicating micro-rough topography of the template, covalently grafting with TiO2 nanoparticles, and treating with perfluorooctyltriethoxysilane, the surface shows superhydrophobicity with a high static contact angle (162.0°) and a low sliding angle (2.5°), respectively. And its WCA has hardly changed along

The inter-relationships between geometrical properties, microstructural characteristics and corrosion resistance on one hand and laser-material interaction parameter (α) on the other hand are examined. A laser-material interaction parameter within the range of 599 ≤ α ≤ 400 J.s g−1 mm−1 imparted optimum characteristics of microstructure, microhardness and corrosion resistance. The consolidation mechanism

In order to optimize the counterpart material and subsequently improve the tribological properties of CrSiBCN coatings on transmission components in sea water, the friction behaviour of CrSiBCN coatings sliding against two ceramics and two metals was investigated. The overall relative index (RIo) of friction coefficient and wear rate was used as evaluation criterion. Experimental results showed that

DC magnetron co-sputtering technique is utilised to develop reflective Ag- and Al-based metal films co-sputtered with Ni deposited on quartz glass substrates. The sputtered films are characterised by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques to investigate microstructure, topology and phase analysis, respectively. Further

The superhydrophobic surface of silicone rubber was prepared by means of a simple direct replication and compression moulding process. It was worth noting that the rough structure endowed the surface of the silicone rubber with excellent superhydrophobic, low adhesion and self-cleaning properties. The contact angle with water was 158.5 ± 0.5°, and the rolling angle was 8.9 ± 0.1°. Even if immersed

Titanium nitride (TiN) films were generated in the abnormal glow discharge (AGD) region and the glow-arc transition discharge (GATD) region by varying target current density (Ja) in an Ar/N2 atmosphere in the pulsed DC magnetron sputtering system. The effects of different discharge regions on the structure and mechanical properties of TiN films were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning

Silicone insulators are gaining its importance in the transmission and distribution of the power system networks. This study proposes a simple and high throughput way of fabrication of superhydrophobic silicone surfaces. The Nd:YAG nanosecond pulse laser was used to engrave six different types of structures on silicone rubber. The water contact angle (CA) and contact angle hysteresis (CAH) were measured

Alumina–25 wt-% zirconia (AZ) coatings were deposited on AISI304 stainless steel substrates by atmospheric plasma spraying (APS) technique with three different stand-off distances (SOD) namely, 75, 100 and 125 mm. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques were utilized to study the phases and microstructures of the coatings, respectively. Surface roughness and percentage

Vanadis 6 steel was boronized at temperatures from 950°C to 1050°C for durations from 0.75–10 h. The treatments produced layers with thickness from 4 to 133 μm, depending on the processing parameters. The layers’ growth obeyed the parabolic growth law, and all the obtained boronized layers were two-phase (FeB + Fe2B), with the presence of a small amount of chromium boride. The layer growth induces

Zr-based ceramic coatings were widely used as mechanical components due to their excellent properties. In this study, the tribological behaviours and wear mechanism of 8YSZ coating sliding against different counterpart materials (Al2O3 and stainless steel) under dry conditions were discussed, which would provide theoretical and experimental basis for selecting the optimal friction pair mate in practical

Here, a new class superhydrophobic surface based on nano-engineering was proposed and prepared to improve the durability of corrosion protect. Moreover, the durability of anticorrosion was evaluated by the Tafel polarization curves and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy under various damages of mechanical abrasion, chemical immersion and cool/thermal treatment. The superhydrophobic surface based

In this study, the effect of cellulose nanoparticles (CNs) on the corrosion and mechanical behaviour of the biodegradable polylactic acid (PLA) coating was investigated. For this purpose, 1, 5, and 10 wt-% of CNs were added to the PLA coating. By adding CNs to the coating, the corrosion resistance of the PLA coating increased and the highest improvement in corrosion resistance was obtained at 5 wt-%

Multilayer CrN/CrAlN coatings were deposited on the 420-SS by the cathodic arc evaporation system with different duty cycles of bias-voltage. The deposited films were characterized by XRD and FESEM techniques. Mechanical, electrochemical, and surface properties of deposited films were studied by nano-indentation, electrochemical, and AFM analysis. Microstructure investigation confirmed the formation

The corrosion resistance of Mg–alloys 3%Zn–0.8%Ca is enhanced by plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) through doping two kinds of nano-additives (NaF and Al2O3) in the silicate electrolyte. Those additives yielded less roughness-compact films composed of higher intensity of stable MgO phase, consequently corrosion resistance enhancement. Nano-ceramic Al2O3 exhibited more isolation than NaF for ZX alloy

We report on atomic layer deposition (ALD) of Al2O3 films onto 925 silver and assess their efficiency to prevent metal scratching and tarnishing. Films of five thicknesses (12, 16, 21, 25 and 31 nm) were deposited on the 925 silver. Optical characterization revealed that the colour difference of coated silver increased with film thickness, where the film thickness below 25 nm preserves the lustre of

CO gas adsorption has become a topic of great significance and worthy of investigation. The purpose of this study was to explore the CO adsorption of Al2O3/Zeolite composite films prepared by a roll coating method. XRD, FESEM, and EDX analyses have been used to study the structural, morphological, and elemental properties of Al2O3/Zeolite composite films. A gas analyzer was used to probe CO gas adsorption

NiCrAlY/Al2O3–20 wt-%TiO2 gradient coating on Cu–Be substrate was fabricated by atmospheric plasma spraying method. Effect of the phase composition and the microstructure of gradient coating on thermal shock behaviours were investigated by using the X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectrometry. The gradient coating shows a typical lamellar structure with a uniform

The proposed work deals with the tribological studies of thermal spray coated nano ceramic composite materials (GO/WC-10Co-4Cr) under the presence of jojoba oil based bio lubricant. Flame spray coating was carried out on AA6061 discs with coating thickness of (50–150 µm) by different concentrations of (GO) graphene oxide (0.075–1%)wt. + nano mixture of WC-10Co-4Cr powder. Tribology tests were conducted

Effect of laser power on formation mechanism of laser brazing diamond coating has been investigated for the first time and its interface microstructure was also investigated. The BNi-2 alloy solder was utilized as braze material to fabricate brazing diamond coating on 65Mn steel substrate by using fiber laser. The laser spot was scanned at a steady speed 3 mm/s. With increase in laser power, BNi-2

The present work aims to study the mechanical and tribological properties of titanium boride layer processed by a thermochemical boriding treatment, which was carried out in a salt bath consisting of 70% borax and 30% silicon carbide. The boriding temperatures were 850°C, 950°C and 1000°C with holding times of 2, 4, 6 and 8 h. The analysis by optical and scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction

In this study, Fe-based amorphous coatings were fabricated on 304 stainless steel by high-velocity oxyfuel (HVOF). Moreover, the properties of Fe-based amorphous coatings heat-treated at 150°C and 250°C were investigated. The XRD analysis shows that the structure of heat-treated amorphous coatings is all amorphous, and the porosity of heat-treated amorphous coatings is lower than that of original amorphous

Cu2ZnSnS4 films were grown onto FTO/glass substrate by electrodeposition. The influence of sulphurization temperature on CZTS properties was examined using XRD, Raman spectroscopy, SEM, optical transmittance and electrical resistivity measurements. The film sulphurized at 400°C exhibited CuS as the major phase mixed with CZTS and SnS2 phases. However, the films sulphurized at 450 and 500°C are mainly

AISI 4140 low alloy steel samples were treated using conventional plasma nitriding (CPN) and hollow cathodic plasma source nitriding (HCPSN) treatments. The results show the substantial impact of the electric potential of the nitriding process on the microstructure, topography, surface roughness and chemical characteristics of the CPN and HCPSN nitrided samples. The HCPSN sample presented the ε-Fe2–3N

The present work aims at investigating the collective function of thermo-reactive diffusion (TRD) and plasma-nitriding duplex coating (vanadium carbide (VC) and vanadium nitride (VC-VN)) on the wear resistance of AISI M2 axial-forming mandrel. TRD process was carried out in molten salt bath furnace at 1020 ± 25°C for 5–6 h and the samples were subjected to vacuum heat treatment process at 1150°C, followed

To enhance the hardness and wear resistance of 304 stainless steel, Fe-based memory alloy/PZT piezoelectric ceramic (SMA/PZT) composite coatings with different PZT doping amounts (0.5–2 wt.%) were fabricated on 304 stainless steel by laser cladding. Coatings show good metallurgical bonding with the substrate. The microstructure, phase composition, microhardness, wear and corrosion resistance of the

It is difficult to grow uniform film by pulsed laser deposition because the spatial distribution of the laser-induced plume is a forward-directed cone-shape. A 3D-motional deposition setup was founded, and the correlative mathematical model of the film thickness on the 3D curved surface was deduced. Based on simulation and optimization, the diamond-like carbon (DLC) film was grown onto the large curved