ABSTRACT In this study, the (FeMnCrNiCo + 20%TiC) laser cladding layer was re-treated through multiple-pass in-situ laser remelting. Optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction were used to analyse the evolution of microstructures and phases before and after the in-situ laser remelting processes. The micro-hardness and wear resistance of the composite coatings were systematically

ABSTRACT In this work, a SnO2-doped TiO2 film was rapidly prepared as lithium-ion battery anode by the one-step plasma electrolytic oxidation process on Ti foil. The whole process was carried out in an aqueous solution at room temperature and under atmospheric pressure without any heating or post-treatment. The prepared TiO2/SnO2 composite film exhibited a porous structure with large amounts of channels

ABSTRACT In this research, the high-duration ablation resistance of SiC-gradient coating was investigated. SiC coating was prepared on graphite by reactive melt infiltration method at 1873 K under the argon atmosphere. Formation of the SiC layer with gradient distribution of Si and C elements was confirmed by X-ray diffraction patterns and scanning electron microscope micrographs. The results of the

(2020). Correction. Surface Engineering. Ahead of Print.

ABSTRACT In this study, La2(Zr0.7Ce0.3)2O7 nanostructured coatings were applied by plasma spraying of the nanostructured agglomerates. Initial nanostructured precursor, precursors calcined at 400°C, 600°C and 900°C with La2(Zr0.7Ce0.3)2O7 compound were used to apply top coat layer of the coatings. XRD results and microstructural observations indicated that a uniform distribution of LC phase in LZ matrix

ABSTRACT Mechanically robust superhydrophobic (SHP) and icephobic performances are highly needed for an anti-icing surface in practical applications. Here, a SHP coating is prepared on the aluminium (Al) substrate using hydrothermal reaction and subsequent modification of hexadecyltrimethoxysilane, showing a water contact angle larger than 158° and a sliding angle (SA) less than 5°. This SHP coating

ABSTRACT In this research, YSZ-Alumina top coat was deposited on the Hastelloy substrate with a NiCrAlY bond coat by Atmospheric plasma spraying process. YSZ-10 wt-% Al2O3 composite coatings with pyrolysed and un-pyrolysed Al2O3 powder were deposited. High temperature oxidation and thermal shock resistance of both coatings were investigated. Thermal shock test results showed that the lifetime of the

ABSTRACT Water jet peening is a surface modification technique which can introduce compressive residual stresses beneath the surface of the engineering components. In this paper, the effects of water jet peening process, in the absence of abrasive materials on residual stresses, surface roughness, and fatigue life of the aluminium alloy 7020 samples were numerically and experimentally investigated

ABSTRACT Hydrogenated diamond-like carbon (DLC: H) films were successfully fabricated on the surface of 13Cr super martensitic stainless steel by high-pulsed power chemical vapour deposition. The mechanical and tribological properties of the films related to the substrate bias voltages were investigated. The results showed that the surface hardness and tribological properties of the substrate after

ABSTRACT In recent research, a method for manufacturing superhydrophobic metal surfaces using pulse laser texturing has been developed. After laser texturing, a sample can be converted into a superhydrophobic surface by aging the sample for several weeks in ambient air. Research on this method is currently focused on metal surfaces, such as aluminium, copper and so on. There are few studies of iron

ABSTRACT In this study, the WC reinforced Fe-based composite coatings with various CeO2 contents were fabricated on the H13 hot-working die steel by laser cladding. The high-temperature wear resistance of composite coatings was analysed by friction-abrasion testing machine, white light interferometer, and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The microstructure and microhardness were investigated by

ABSTRACT The cavitation erosion resistance of high-entropy FeCoCrNiMoXB0.2(X = 0, 0.5, 1), coatings cladded by laser was studied. The test was processed by a magnetostrictive cavitation method in both distilled water and 3.5 wt-% NaCl solution. It was observed that the mass-loss rate of the coatings rarely increased or even decreased in the first few hours. This study verified that the formation of

ABSTRACT This study aimed to control the degradation of Mg–Zn–Ca alloy and improve its biocompatibility using a biodegradable Zn-modified calcium phosphate coating via dual-pulse electrodeposition. The formation mode and process of the coating were studied herein. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that the coating particles were compactly and neatly packed, and X-ray diffraction analysis, transmission

ABSTRACT Magnesium (Mg) alloys attract a lot of attention owing to their superior properties, while the poor corrosion resistance significantly restricts their extensive applications in practice. The development of a superhydrophobic coating can effectively decrease the contact area between corrosive solutions and the Mg substrate, consequently providing corrosion protection. Herein, a facile approach

ABSTRACT The present pandemic coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) becomes a serious concern of global health threat which is elicited by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). This paper focuses on a hitherto untouched material’s engineering issue in human scientific fight against the well-known COVID-19. We show here the challenges and possibilities in engineering the surface

ABSTRACT Five hard-phase aluminium-based composite coating types with volume fractions of 12.5%, 25%, 37.5%, and 50%, respectively, were used. The addition of a large hard phase enhanced the coating densification. An increase in hard-phase content in the coating distributes more uniformly, but when the hard-phase content is too high, the hard phase is more likely to agglomerate, which decreases the

ABSTRACT Solid/liquid interface drag reduction is a hot topic and it is of great significance to reduce energy consumption in industrial field. Herein, we prepare a slippery liquid-infused porous surface (SLIPS) with excellent self-healing and super-slippery properties. Through adjusting the density of Zn-Al LDH films on aluminium foil, the ability of rough surface to capture lubricant oil is studied

ABSTRACT The thick titanium nitrides coating was fabricated on LZ91 alloy by surface mechanical nano-alloying (SMNAT) combined with gas nitriding. Experimental results showed that a nanostructured titanium coating with thickness of 50–80 μm was formed on surface of LZ91 alloy by SMNAT with pure titanium powders for 30 min. By adding of the aluminium powders into titanium powders during the SMNAT, a

ABSTRACT In situ synthesized TiN and TiB reinforced metal matrix composite coating was fabricated on Ti-55511 by laser cladding with Ti-55511/BN powder mixture (2 wt-% BN). Results indicated that coating was mainly composed of TiB, dendrite TiN and α phase. The diameter of small-sized hollow tubular TiB was less than 400 nm, and the width of the other rod-shaped TiB was less than 1 μm. The flower-like

ABSTRACT In this research, the microstructure and optical behaviour of a novel Al2O3–Ag composite coating have been investigated. The composite films were synthesised by the addition of silver nanoparticles into the anodizing electrolyte solution with the concentration of 100–1500 mg per 600 mL. SEM, EDS, XRD and Raman tests were employed to study the microstructure of the coatings. The optical properties

ABSTRACT In coating, especially in the arc spraying process, oxidation leads to the deterioration of wear and corrosion-resistant properties. In the present work, an effective shrouding arrangement is designed and introduced to arc spray gun to reduce oxidation content in the coating. The effect of shrouding on microstructural and coating properties is analysed by the characterization techniques, such

ABSTRACT Supersaturated carbon alloying layer was prepared on the surface of 15-5PH stainless steel using laser surface alloying technology with carbon powders as alloying materials. XRD, optical microscope, scanning electron microscope, microhardness test and wear test were performed to characterize the microstructure and wear resistance of substrate and alloying layer. Results showed that the alloying

ABSTRACT The aim of this article is to investigate the corrosion behaviours of arc-sprayed AlSiFeNiRE amorphous/nanocrystalline coating under different solution temperatures and different solution flow velocities. All tests were measured by CHI660E electrochemical workstation. The microstructure of the coating was characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and the phase structure of the coating

ABSTRACT The purpose of this work is to investigate the microstructure and mechanical properties of a novel WC-reinforced Co matrix composite coating synthesized by pulse electrodeposition technique with various duty cycles. The growth and wear mechanisms for Co–WC composite coating were explored. The microstructure, morphologies and composition of the composite coating were characterized by X-ray

ABSTRACT In arc-ion plating, the droplets ejected from the cathodic target inevitably contaminate the coating with macro-particles (MPs), causing defects that usually reduce the mechanical properties of the coating. Normally, MP formation is suppressed by electromagnetic filtration technology. To investigate the influence of the electromagnetic field on the structure and mechanical properties of coatings

(2020). Editorial. Surface Engineering: Vol. 36, Special Issue: Coating production and surface engineering of carbide-based composites, Edited by Nuria Cinca, pp. 1129-1131.

ABSTRACT The heat dissipation efficiency of the radiator is of great significance to the reliability of the power transformer system. However, traditional coatings on the radiator are designed to improve the corrosion resistance of radiators, which usually have a lower thermal conductivity. In this work, the thermal properties of graphene-doped coating have been studied using a combination of electrical

ABSTRACT In this research, TiN films were deposited on the SS316L substrate by cathodic arc evaporation technique, to use as bipolar plates in proton exchange membrane fuel cells. The effect of substrate surface roughness and film thickness on the interfacial contact resistance and corrosion properties of the TiN films was investigated. Characterization of deposited films was performed by XRD, XRF

ABSTRACT Tungsten-Titanium-Nitrogen (W-Ti-N) thin film, 1.1 μm in thickness, was deposited on Aluminium-Silicon (Al–Si) and stainless steel substrates using the Physical Vapour Deposition (PVD) sputtering system in order to study a new way to improve the tribological properties on engines piston skirts. Tribological test results showed very interesting friction coefficient and wear rates compared to

The commensurate contact condition plays a key role in the directional friction properties and wear performance when two surfaces slide against each other. An experimental study on bidirectional friction and wear control by nanosecond pulsed laser selective texturing of grooves on AISI 304 stainless steel (SS) and TA2 titanium (Ti) surfaces of the sliding components was proposed. The influence of the

Laser-assisted wire cladding has emerged as a popular method for the surface modification and repair of components as it provides cleaner processing environments, reduced costs with higher material deposition rates, and better surface finish. However, the high capital cost of laser cladding systems can be detrimental to their adoption in industry. This work presents a favourable option for industry

In order to explore the main factors influencing the thermal conductivity of the cold sprayed Cu coating, four sets of Cu coatings with different deformation and annealing conditions were prepared by high/middle pressure cold spray systems followed by the annealing procedure. Microstructure and recrystallization analysis of the coatings were characterized by SEM and EBSD. Relationship of the thermal

The NiCoCrAlYTa coating deposited on Ni-based superalloy using arc ion plating (AIP) technology was subjected to isothermal oxidation in air at 1050°C for up to 200 h. The microstructure, oxides scale thickness, growth stress and interface diffusion behaviour were characterized by using scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, electron probe micro-analyser and photo-stimulated luminescence

Transparent co-doped TiO2 thin films have been fabricated by sol-gel dip-coating. The doping is achieved using low concentrations of neodymium (Nd), silver (Ag), and copper (Cu). A significant effect of doping is noticed on the morphology and optical properties of thin films. XRD analysis confirms the formation of a pure anatase phase with a deterioration of the crystallinity upon doping. The co-doped

Nanocrystalline-strengthened surface layer significantly improves the surface hardness and wear resistance of Cu or Cu alloys and avoids the reduction of conductivity. However, the poor thermal stability limits its industrial application. Herein, a series of Cu-Ni-Al films were prepared by radio frequency magnetron sputtering, which shows γ (∼20 nm) + γ′΄ phase (∼10 nm) dual nanostructure. Compared

In this study, a novel micro-nano hierarchically structured fluoridated hydroxyapatite (FHAp) coating on AZ31B substrate was successfully synthesized via a simple one-step electrochemical deposition method. And the formulation of the electrodeposition solution is simple and environment-friendly without any harmful additives. The FHAp coating consists of a large amount of nanorods and some micro-structured

Zinc–Nickel monolayer (single layer) and compositionally modulated multilayer alloy coatings were developed on to mild steel from acidic sulphate bath; and their corrosion performance were studied using potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy methods. The coating layers were formed galvanostatically by single bath technique, using square current pulses and triangular

To enhance the mechanical properties of Ni–WC coatings, the carbon nanotubes were used as reinforced materials by laser cladding. Optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were used to investigate the effect of CNTs content on the phase composition and microstructure. The microhardness and wear resistance were measured

In this study, thermal barrier coatings with different porosities were prepared using 8 wt-% yttria-stabilized zirconia by atmospheric plasma spray on a superalloy substrate. The porosity of the ceramic coating was increased by modulating the primary gas flow rate and the secondary gas flow rate. The elastic modulus and fracture toughness of the coatings were measured by the indentation method, and

Ti–Al–Mo–N composite films with different molybdenum content were deposited by reactive magnetron sputtering. The results showed that the films consisted of fcc-(Ti, Al, Mo) N substitutional solid solution within 8.2 at.-% Mo. The films consisted of two phases which were fcc-(Ti, Al, Mo) N substitutional solid solution and fcc-Mo2N at 27.7–49.4 at.-% Mo. The hardness increased slowly at 0–27.7 at.-%

WC-reinforced FeCoCrNi high entropy alloy (HEA) composite coatings with different WC morphology of spherical and irregular shape, were prepared by plasma cladding. The effects of WC morphology on carbide evolution, WC dissolution, and the wear resistance of the coatings were investigated. The results indicated that the evolution of the massive and fish-bone M6C carbides were significantly influenced

The purpose of this paper is to examine the influence of cold spraying parameters on the performance of Fe-based amorphous alloy (FAA) coating. A FeCoCrMoBCY amorphous alloy coating was prepared on a 40Cr substrate by cold-spraying with different gas pressures and temperatures. The results show that the spray temperature has no substantial effect on the amorphous content during deposition. The porosity

AlCrN/AlCrMoN multilayer coatings with various bilayer numbers (1, 2, 4, and 6) were deposited on high speed steel (HSS) via arc ion plating technology. The effects of bilayer numbers on the microstructure, mechanical and tribological properties were investigated. XRD and TEM results showed that the solid solution (Al, Cr, Mo) N was the main phase in the AlCrN/AlCrMoN multilayer coatings. As compared

Silicon carbide (SiC) ceramic exhibits several outstanding properties, such as superior chemical and thermal stabilities, high radiation resistance and low thermal expansion, that qualify it as a prime candidate for space applications. Optical quality with surface figure accuracy of the order of 60 nm peak-to-valley (PV) and micro-roughness (root-mean-square, RMS) less than 2 nm is necessary for space

Cermet coatings were fabricated on AA5083 by D gun coating technique using three different combinations of powder feedstock namely WC–Co, WC–Co–Cr, and Cr3C2–NiCr. The effect of powder combinations on coatings’ phase composition, surface morphology, and cross-sectional microstructure were investigated using XRD, SEM, and EDS. Major findings revealed that WC–Co and WC–Co–Cr powders produced higher thickness

ABSTRACT TiC/TiCN/TiN multilayer coating was prepared on a high-speed tool steel W6Mo5Cr4V2 by chemical vapour deposition. The tribological performance and behaviour of the coating were investigated at an elevated temperature of 400–600°C. Results show that the friction coefficient of the coating first decreases from 0.39 to 0.08 and then increases from 0.08 to 0.23 with the increase in temperature

Nitriding can improve the surface hardness and wear resistance of metals, and rare earths can speed up this process. To study the mechanism of rare earths promoting salt bath nitriding, GX-8 steel was nitrided at different temperatures in two salt baths with and without rare earth Ce. First, structures and depths of the nitrided layers were investigated by microscopic observation, X-ray diffraction

The outermost surfaces of Personal Protective Equipments (PPEs) interact with virus surface-protein as the first step during its transmission from aerosols and contacting surfaces, which can be tuned by surface engineering/modification. This report highlights the role of engineered surface chemistry of PPEs to avoid the spreading of the novel SARS-CoV-2 virus in hospitals. Physical properties of surfaces

Electrodeposition of aluminium on the copper substrate using two different chloroaluminate ionic liquid electrolytes such as AlCl3/1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride electrolyte (AlCl3-BMIC) and AlCl3/1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride electrolyte (AlCl3-EMIC) were studied. Cyclic voltammetry studies reveal the aluminium deposition process follows two steps mechanism in AlCl3-EMIC electrolytes

MoS2 is a two-dimensional semiconductor nanoelectronic device, the application value and application field of which can be increased based on band-gap modulation. In this study, monolayer MoS2 samples were prepared on four TiAlSiN-coated substrates with different Ti compositions using the mechanical stripping approach. The band-gap variation in monolayer MoS2 was studied using the photoluminescence

The rapid degradation rate restricts the application of magnesium-based biomaterials. Therefore, we constructed Ag-containing micro-arc oxidation (MAO) coatings on Mg–3Zn–0.5Sr alloys to improve the properties of magnesium alloys. Different concentrations of CH3COOAg (0, 1, 2, 3 g L−1) were added into the electrolyte to investigate the effects of Ag+ content on properties of MAO coatings. The addition

In the present study, FeCoCrNiAl x (x = 0.3, 0.7) coatings were fabricated by laser cladding technology. XRD analysis and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to investigate the evolution of phases and microstructures before and after the high-temperature oxidation test. The micro-hardness, tribological behaviour, and corrosion resistance of the coatings, before and after the high-temperature

Undoped ZnO and Mg-doped ZnO (MZO) thin films were synthesized by sol–gel dip-coating technique. The effect of Mg dopant on the structural, surface-morphological, and optical properties together with the photocatalytic activities of the films was studied. Morphological study shows that incorporation of Mg increases the porosity of the films. Structural investigation reveals that Mg doping declines

Al85Ni8Y4Ce3 amorphous coatings were prepared on Q235 steel by laser thermal spraying and laser remelting. The structure and thermodynamic behaviour of the coating were analysed by scanning electron microscope, energy-dispersive spectrometer, X-ray diffractometer and differential scanning calorimeter. The microhardness distribution and wear properties of the coating were investigated by microhardness

A nanocrystalline TiO2 glass coating was developed by sintering sol–gel derived thin film at 450°C. FTIR spectroscopy confirmed the absence of hydroxide gel and unreacted precursor as well as the presence of TiO2. The crystalline phase was predominantly anatase as identified from the XRD measurement and the crystallite size obtained from Scherrer’s equation was 166 nm. This was in good agreement with

To investigate the mechanical behaviour of graded chemically bonded ceramic coating, four types of ceramic coatings were prepared in this study, and a graded coating was designed using the four coatings sorted by hardness. A finite element simulation was performed to observe the mechanical properties of the graded coating. The results revealed that the effective hardness of the graded coating decreased

ABSTRACT NiCrAlY coating was deposited on the IN-738LC Ni-based superalloy by cathodic arc deposition at the substrate temperatures of 400°C and 700°C. The effects of the substrate temperature on the microstructure and the isothermal oxidation behaviour of the coatings were then investigated. SEM image and XRD analysis were used to characterize the deposited coatings. It was found that when the substrate

C/SiC gradient composite coatings with ultra-high emissivity have been deposited at 900°C on 316L stainless steel (SS) substrates using electron beam-physical vapour deposition (EB-PVD) by directly evaporating the raw powder of α-Sick The structural properties of the coating were investigated in detail. The results showed that the coating was mainly composed of C and nanocrystalline SiC. Its surface

Electroless Ni-P-NiTi composite coatings were prepared on API X100 steel substrates by co-depositing Ti particles and Ni-P then followed by annealing Ni-P-Ti coatings. The formation of austenite NiTi phase was validated by XRD, line scan and point EDS. The Gibbs free energies for the formation of various intermetallic NiTi phases during annealing were calculated. The nanoindentation behaviour of annealed

A nitrogen expanded austenite (γN) layer with a thickness of 3 μm was prepared by plasma nitriding of 2205 duplex stainless steel (DSS) at 460°C for 1 h with hollow cathode discharge assistance. The microstructure and phase composition of nitrided specimens were examined. The electrical conductivity of nitrided samples was measured before and after the corrosion test, respectively. The corrosion current