The inter-relationships between geometrical properties, microstructural characteristics and corrosion resistance on one hand and laser-material interaction parameter (α) on the other hand are examined. A laser-material interaction parameter within the range of 599 ≤ α ≤ 400 J.s g−1 mm−1 imparted optimum characteristics of microstructure, microhardness and corrosion resistance. The consolidation mechanism

In order to optimize the counterpart material and subsequently improve the tribological properties of CrSiBCN coatings on transmission components in sea water, the friction behaviour of CrSiBCN coatings sliding against two ceramics and two metals was investigated. The overall relative index (RIo) of friction coefficient and wear rate was used as evaluation criterion. Experimental results showed that

DC magnetron co-sputtering technique is utilised to develop reflective Ag- and Al-based metal films co-sputtered with Ni deposited on quartz glass substrates. The sputtered films are characterised by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques to investigate microstructure, topology and phase analysis, respectively. Further

The superhydrophobic surface of silicone rubber was prepared by means of a simple direct replication and compression moulding process. It was worth noting that the rough structure endowed the surface of the silicone rubber with excellent superhydrophobic, low adhesion and self-cleaning properties. The contact angle with water was 158.5 ± 0.5°, and the rolling angle was 8.9 ± 0.1°. Even if immersed

Titanium nitride (TiN) films were generated in the abnormal glow discharge (AGD) region and the glow-arc transition discharge (GATD) region by varying target current density (Ja) in an Ar/N2 atmosphere in the pulsed DC magnetron sputtering system. The effects of different discharge regions on the structure and mechanical properties of TiN films were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning

Silicone insulators are gaining its importance in the transmission and distribution of the power system networks. This study proposes a simple and high throughput way of fabrication of superhydrophobic silicone surfaces. The Nd:YAG nanosecond pulse laser was used to engrave six different types of structures on silicone rubber. The water contact angle (CA) and contact angle hysteresis (CAH) were measured

Alumina–25 wt-% zirconia (AZ) coatings were deposited on AISI304 stainless steel substrates by atmospheric plasma spraying (APS) technique with three different stand-off distances (SOD) namely, 75, 100 and 125 mm. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques were utilized to study the phases and microstructures of the coatings, respectively. Surface roughness and percentage

Vanadis 6 steel was boronized at temperatures from 950°C to 1050°C for durations from 0.75–10 h. The treatments produced layers with thickness from 4 to 133 μm, depending on the processing parameters. The layers’ growth obeyed the parabolic growth law, and all the obtained boronized layers were two-phase (FeB + Fe2B), with the presence of a small amount of chromium boride. The layer growth induces

Zr-based ceramic coatings were widely used as mechanical components due to their excellent properties. In this study, the tribological behaviours and wear mechanism of 8YSZ coating sliding against different counterpart materials (Al2O3 and stainless steel) under dry conditions were discussed, which would provide theoretical and experimental basis for selecting the optimal friction pair mate in practical

Here, a new class superhydrophobic surface based on nano-engineering was proposed and prepared to improve the durability of corrosion protect. Moreover, the durability of anticorrosion was evaluated by the Tafel polarization curves and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy under various damages of mechanical abrasion, chemical immersion and cool/thermal treatment. The superhydrophobic surface based

In this study, the effect of cellulose nanoparticles (CNs) on the corrosion and mechanical behaviour of the biodegradable polylactic acid (PLA) coating was investigated. For this purpose, 1, 5, and 10 wt-% of CNs were added to the PLA coating. By adding CNs to the coating, the corrosion resistance of the PLA coating increased and the highest improvement in corrosion resistance was obtained at 5 wt-%

Multilayer CrN/CrAlN coatings were deposited on the 420-SS by the cathodic arc evaporation system with different duty cycles of bias-voltage. The deposited films were characterized by XRD and FESEM techniques. Mechanical, electrochemical, and surface properties of deposited films were studied by nano-indentation, electrochemical, and AFM analysis. Microstructure investigation confirmed the formation

Electrodeposition of aluminium on the copper substrate using two different chloroaluminate ionic liquid electrolytes such as AlCl3/1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride electrolyte (AlCl3-BMIC) and AlCl3/1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride electrolyte (AlCl3-EMIC) were studied. Cyclic voltammetry studies reveal the aluminium deposition process follows two steps mechanism in AlCl3-EMIC electrolytes

The corrosion resistance of Mg–alloys 3%Zn–0.8%Ca is enhanced by plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) through doping two kinds of nano-additives (NaF and Al2O3) in the silicate electrolyte. Those additives yielded less roughness-compact films composed of higher intensity of stable MgO phase, consequently corrosion resistance enhancement. Nano-ceramic Al2O3 exhibited more isolation than NaF for ZX alloy

We report on atomic layer deposition (ALD) of Al2O3 films onto 925 silver and assess their efficiency to prevent metal scratching and tarnishing. Films of five thicknesses (12, 16, 21, 25 and 31 nm) were deposited on the 925 silver. Optical characterization revealed that the colour difference of coated silver increased with film thickness, where the film thickness below 25 nm preserves the lustre of

CO gas adsorption has become a topic of great significance and worthy of investigation. The purpose of this study was to explore the CO adsorption of Al2O3/Zeolite composite films prepared by a roll coating method. XRD, FESEM, and EDX analyses have been used to study the structural, morphological, and elemental properties of Al2O3/Zeolite composite films. A gas analyzer was used to probe CO gas adsorption

NiCrAlY/Al2O3–20 wt-%TiO2 gradient coating on Cu–Be substrate was fabricated by atmospheric plasma spraying method. Effect of the phase composition and the microstructure of gradient coating on thermal shock behaviours were investigated by using the X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectrometry. The gradient coating shows a typical lamellar structure with a uniform

The proposed work deals with the tribological studies of thermal spray coated nano ceramic composite materials (GO/WC-10Co-4Cr) under the presence of jojoba oil based bio lubricant. Flame spray coating was carried out on AA6061 discs with coating thickness of (50–150 µm) by different concentrations of (GO) graphene oxide (0.075–1%)wt. + nano mixture of WC-10Co-4Cr powder. Tribology tests were conducted

Effect of laser power on formation mechanism of laser brazing diamond coating has been investigated for the first time and its interface microstructure was also investigated. The BNi-2 alloy solder was utilized as braze material to fabricate brazing diamond coating on 65Mn steel substrate by using fiber laser. The laser spot was scanned at a steady speed 3 mm/s. With increase in laser power, BNi-2

The present work aims to study the mechanical and tribological properties of titanium boride layer processed by a thermochemical boriding treatment, which was carried out in a salt bath consisting of 70% borax and 30% silicon carbide. The boriding temperatures were 850°C, 950°C and 1000°C with holding times of 2, 4, 6 and 8 h. The analysis by optical and scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction

In this study, Fe-based amorphous coatings were fabricated on 304 stainless steel by high-velocity oxyfuel (HVOF). Moreover, the properties of Fe-based amorphous coatings heat-treated at 150°C and 250°C were investigated. The XRD analysis shows that the structure of heat-treated amorphous coatings is all amorphous, and the porosity of heat-treated amorphous coatings is lower than that of original amorphous

Cu2ZnSnS4 films were grown onto FTO/glass substrate by electrodeposition. The influence of sulphurization temperature on CZTS properties was examined using XRD, Raman spectroscopy, SEM, optical transmittance and electrical resistivity measurements. The film sulphurized at 400°C exhibited CuS as the major phase mixed with CZTS and SnS2 phases. However, the films sulphurized at 450 and 500°C are mainly

AISI 4140 low alloy steel samples were treated using conventional plasma nitriding (CPN) and hollow cathodic plasma source nitriding (HCPSN) treatments. The results show the substantial impact of the electric potential of the nitriding process on the microstructure, topography, surface roughness and chemical characteristics of the CPN and HCPSN nitrided samples. The HCPSN sample presented the ε-Fe2–3N

The present work aims at investigating the collective function of thermo-reactive diffusion (TRD) and plasma-nitriding duplex coating (vanadium carbide (VC) and vanadium nitride (VC-VN)) on the wear resistance of AISI M2 axial-forming mandrel. TRD process was carried out in molten salt bath furnace at 1020 ± 25°C for 5–6 h and the samples were subjected to vacuum heat treatment process at 1150°C, followed

To enhance the hardness and wear resistance of 304 stainless steel, Fe-based memory alloy/PZT piezoelectric ceramic (SMA/PZT) composite coatings with different PZT doping amounts (0.5–2 wt.%) were fabricated on 304 stainless steel by laser cladding. Coatings show good metallurgical bonding with the substrate. The microstructure, phase composition, microhardness, wear and corrosion resistance of the

It is difficult to grow uniform film by pulsed laser deposition because the spatial distribution of the laser-induced plume is a forward-directed cone-shape. A 3D-motional deposition setup was founded, and the correlative mathematical model of the film thickness on the 3D curved surface was deduced. Based on simulation and optimization, the diamond-like carbon (DLC) film was grown onto the large curved

In this work, the effect of Cr3C2 on the microstructure and properties of 310 coatings by plasma transfer arc welding was studied. The microstructure, composition, hardness and wear resistance of the coatings were analyzed by scanning electron microscope, EDS, X-ray diffractometer, microhardness tester and friction wear tester. The results show that when Cr3C2 is less, the coating is composed of columnar

Cu4O3 thins films were deposited by the reactive magnetron sputtering process on glass and Si (100) wafers. In order to investigate the thermal stability of the Cu4O3 phase, the films were subjected to vacuum annealing treatment for one hour at various temperatures ranging from 200°C to 500°C. The samples were characterized by using EDS, XRD, SEM and UV–VIS. The phase transformation of Cu4O3 into Cu2O

This paper reports successful fabrication of copper-doped tin sulphide (SnS:Cu) thin films using nebulized spray pyrolysis. Different Cu doping concentrations (2, 4, 6, and 8 wt-%) were employed to coat SnS:Cu thin films. The fabricated SnS:Cu thin films were structurally confirmed by X-ray diffraction and Raman scattering analyses. Energy-dispersive X-ray result has proved Cu atom doping within the

Polymer nanocomposite coatings with low friction and high wear resistance are being developed to protect aluminium surfaces against wear and tear during dry and boundary lubrication. In the present study, pure and graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) reinforced ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) nanocomposite coatings are deposited on aluminium thrust bearings. Each bearing makes an ROD contact

In the current work, the mono-layer Al–Cr–Ni coating and the bi-layer Al–Ni/Al–Cr coating were successfully synthesised on the Ti–6Al–4V alloy substrate by mechanical alloying. The effect of powder ratio was studied. The microstructure and phase composition of the two coatings were investigated. The mono-layer coating was composed of grey black composite structure. In the bi-layer coating, the Al–Cr

X-ray diffraction patterns demonstrated a significant nanocrystalline body-centred cubic CoFe (110) structure when the thickness was between 60 and 90 nm, and displayed an amorphous status when the thickness was from 18 to 42 nm. The saturation magnetization (Ms) and low-frequency alternate-current magnetic susceptibility (χac) revealed a thickness effect owing to the nano-magneto crystalline anisotropy

This work focus on the effect of different contents of Cu on microstructure and properties of Al–Zn composite coatings. The SEM and EDS were used to analyse the microstructure and composition of the coatings, and the deposition efficiency and porosity of the coating were calculated. The results show that the coatings have low porosity and uniform structure. The hardness, electrical conductivity and

In this paper, the etching position of a target was predicted using magnetic field simulation. The magnetic field distribution was simulated with the finite element analysis method, the distribution of the magnetic field on the target surface was measured by a Gaussmeter, and the target erosion profile was characterized and compared with that of the simulation results. In this experiment, cylindrical

In this work, we reported a facile method to fabricate highly stable superhydrophobic coatings via blending two kinds of nanoparticles and crosslinked fluorosilanes. Simultaneous use of nano-TiO2 and hydrophobic nano-SiO2 cannot only synergistically construct multi-scale roughness structures on the superhydrophobic surfaces, but also greatly improve the hydrophobic stability of the superhydrophobic

Nanocrystalline (NC) Cu–Ta thin films were successfully fabricated by unbalanced magnetron sputtering on crystal silicon and glass substrates. Thin films doped with different Ta contents were prepared by altering the sputtering current of the Ta target. The micromorphology, microstructure, mechanical properties, electrical properties, and thermal stability of the films were investigated. The results

Effective and fast osseointegration is significantly affected by the topographic features and chemical compositions of titanium (Ti)-based orthopedic implants. In this study, strontium (Sr) ions functionalized ceramic coatings with cortex-like micro/nano-hierarchical structure were successfully fabricated on 3D printing Ti by micro-arc oxidation and hydrothermal treatment technology. The obtained coatings

In this work, the non-aqueous NH4F-EG electrolyte was utilized for plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) process on AZ91 alloy to fabricate MgF2-dominated coating at room temperature. Results revealed that the coating had a homogeneous composition and porous microstructure. Compared with the bare AZ91 samples, the coated samples showed a 109 mV nobler corrosion potential and two orders of magnitude lower

Titanium chromium nitride (TiCrN) films were prepared under various nitrogen flow rates (7–18 sccm) via co-sputtering. It was argued that the target poisoning effect governs the deposition process in nitrogen-rich atmospheres. The observed X-ray diffraction patterns suggested that the crystal structure of TiCrN coatings is a cubic close-packed (TiCr)N solid solution with (111) crystalline planes. The

In this research, the formation mechanism of platinum-modified (Pt-modified) aluminide coating structure applied by out-of-the-pack aluminizing is investigated. For this purpose, the samples of superalloy were coated with 7.5 µm platinum prepared by electroplating. Then, they were heat-treated at 1080°C for 1 h in the vacuum (10−4 torr). The platinum-coated samples were aluminized using an out-of-the-pack

The plasmon enhancement of carbon dots (CDs) photoluminescence (PL) in thin-film structures with metal nanoparticles is of interest in their practical applications in sensors and light-emitters. This paper investigates CDs in the thin-film structures with nanogranulated silver films with different thickness. CDs in an aqueous solution were precipitated by spin-coating over the surface of annealed Ag

The present study examines the effect of processing parameters on the abrasive wear behaviour of WC-10Co-4Cr TIG cladding. A response surface methodology-based central composite design was used to predict the optimized process parameters. Microstructure of the claddings processed at different parametric conditions was investigated through field emission scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive

The tungsten-carbide coatings could be employed to minimise failures of gears due to excessive wear in hostile operating atmospheres. In this work, WC-Cr3C2-Ni powder was deposited on the SS 316L substrate using APS and HVOF processes. The deposited coatings were characterised and investigated for the effects of dissimilar counter bodies. The unidirectional sliding experiments were conducted on the

The effects of HF pre-treatment on the cerium-based conversion coating on a Zn–5% Al alloy were investigated using a combination of scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The results revealed that a porous structure appeared in the Al-rich phase of Zn–5% Al alloy after HF pre-treatment, and the

Hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) particles were added to a sliver metal matrix to improve the tribological properties of the prepared Ag–BN coatings, which were deposited via plasma spraying technique. The morphology, flowability and apparent density of Ag–BN composite powders were characterized, as well as the phase composition, microstructure and friction properties of Ag–BN coatings were systematically

During cold spray, the temperature of the particle carrier gas is at room temperature, which is lower than the preheated propulsive gas and affects the mixed gas temperature and particle acceleration. This study is investigating the associated effect of the powder carrier gas and powder characteristics on the optimal design of the nozzle using numerical simulations. The results show that the heat exchange

In order to prolong the service life of the water-cooled wall used in boilers of paper mills, explosive welded composite steel pipes are mostly used due to their excellent alkali corrosion resistance, but its technical requirements and costs are relatively high. In this paper, FSAN38 powder modelled on Sanicro38 composition and 310s stainless steel + WC powders is utilized to prepare a composite metal

Hydrophobic cotton fabric with a very high contact angle and low sliding angle hysteresis was prepared using a single-pot coating solution containing fluorosurfactant (FS 61) and fluoro-monomer (octafluoropentylacrylate, OFPA). In this study, fluorine-based acrylate ester monomer was polymerized on cotton fabric by admicellar polymerization to make the cotton surface profoundly rough and, furthermore

We report on the effect of metallic nanoparticles on the liquid-state dewetting behaviour of bismuth films. The nanoparticles and the films were grown by thermal evaporation and subjected to annealing under ambient conditions. Dewetting was analysed by morphological studies of TEM images and by calculating the surface exposure of the films. Our results show that the addition of Ag and Au destabilizes

In this research, the Cr/TiO2 composite coatings were formed in Na2HPO4  + NaOH + Cr2O3 by micro-arc oxidation (MAO) technology with different ratios of anodic and cathodic currents. Surface morphology results showed that the pancake-like structures on the coating surface decreased with the ratio decreased. XRD results showed the TiO2:Cr3+ coatings are composed of anatase and rutile phase and the anatase

The preparation of inorganic coatings on polymer surfaces to improve their performance is a frequently used method. However, the cracking and falling off of the coatings caused by different thermal expansion coefficients or poor adhesion between the coatings and polymer substrates need to be solved. In this paper, the preparation of a SiOx coating with a lot of micro–nanometre wrinkles is proposed

Trivalent chromium (Cr(III)) was added into a titanium (Ti)-based solution in this study to prepare Ti/Cr(III) conversion coatings on the aluminium (Al) foil for lithium-ion battery package. Their surface morphology and chemical composition were characterized by field-emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM), energy-dispersive spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The corrosion

Micro-arc oxidation (MAO) coating was prepared on Ti6Al4 V alloy in the electrolyte based on different ratios of calcium acetate and a fixed ratio of sodium phosphate with/without Ag additive. The surface, elemental and phase compositions, and dry wear tests of the MAO coating were analysed. The X-ray diffraction results presented that the MAO coating formed rutile, anatase and hydroxyapatite. The

An Nd:YAG laser was used to fabricate biomimetic hexagonal micro-textures on the mating surfaces of steel guideways. The influence of the micro-textures under grease lubrication on the tribological performances of guideways was determined using a guideway reciprocating sliding tester facility for different micro-textures distributions and orientations, loads and sliding speeds. Results revealed that

The solid lubrication film containing sulphide was prepared on the surface nanocrystallized surfacing layer by low-temperature ion sulphurizing technology. The microstructure of the sulphurized layer was analysed. The tribological behaviour of the sulphurized layer based on the nanocrystalline layer was investigated in a dry friction condition. The sulphurized layer on the nanocrystalline layer has

Polyaniline/graphene oxide (GON-An) composites were synthesized by chemically grafting p-phenylenediamine (PPDA)-modified graphene oxide (GO) with polyaniline (PANI), which was confirmed by FT-IR, XRD, SEM, TEM, Raman spectroscopy, and XPS analyses. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy test, brine immersion, and Tafel slopes analysis revealed that compared with GO and PPDA-modified GO (GON),

In this study, Ni–B/hBN composite coatings were galvanostatically electrodeposited on 304 L grade steel substrates with 50 mA cm−2 of current density from a modified Watt type nickel electrodeposition bath including trimethylamine-borane complex (TMAB), and hBN with the average particle size of 100 nm. The effect of the concentration of hexadecylamine (HDA) as a nonionic surfactant has been investigated

Biomedical implants are immensely manoeuvered devices that fix various deformities and injuries on medical grounds. With an emergent exploration in this field by researchers, countless combinations of materials have been discovered that perks global mankind. The ultimate goal of this experimentation is to appraise the characteristics of wear and corrosion resistance of Ti–Co–Cr-coated 316L grade austenitic

Investigation of tribological behaviour of NiCrSiBFe coating on SS 316L sliding against AISI 52100 bearing steel, alumina (Al2O3), and silicon nitride (Si3N4) under dry conditions carried out. Air Plasma Spraying (APS) and High Velocity Oxy Fuel (HVOF) thermal spraying methods used to deposit the coatings. The dry sliding wear tests were carried out with the ball on disc machine following the ASTM

The effect of Zn–40Al–2Cu–xSi (x = 4 and 8 wt-%) tungsten inert gas (TIG) surfaced coatings and multi-pass friction stir processing (FSP) on the tribological properties of Zn–40Al–2Cu alloy was studied. The coatings had a well-modified microstructure comprising of finely dispersed primary Si particles (SiP). These particles act as in-situ reinforcements, improving coating resistance against the friction-induced