The term “unique scientific facility of the “Megascience” class” (USFMC) has come into widespread use in legal acts of a programmatic nature, which necessitates the study of the term in a legal context and determination of the relationship between this concept and the widely accepted term “global research infrastructure” (GRI). On the basis of the analysis of legal acts, policy documents and doctrinal

In this paper, we consider the procedure for constructing stochastic models (based on processing of experimental data). These models allow to assess the propagation of high-intensity shock effects on the performance of unpressurized spacecrafts. The developed models are recommended for simulation of the load and the model of the system under study. Show the histograms of the distribution of total values

The Cauchy-Dirichlet problem for the genuinely nonlinear ultra-parabolic equation with the piece-wise smooth minor term is considered. The minor term depends on a small positive parameter and collapses to the one-sided Dirac delta function as this parameter tends to zero. As the result, we arrive at the limiting initial-boundary value problem for the impulsive ultra-parabolic equation. The peculiarity

A model of the interaction of a spherical gas bubble and a rigid particle is derived as a coupled system of second-order differential equations using Lagrangian mechanics. The model takes into account oscillations of the bubble surface and the attached to it solid cylindrical particle in infinite volume of ideal incompressible liquid. The capillary force holding the particle on the bubble is due to

A unifying aspect in researchers’ understanding of the essence of the legal model is that it acts in such a way that describes objects, processes or phenomena of legal life. With due regard to the forms of international cooperation, we can identify conventional and institutional models of international scientific and technical cooperation (ISTC). The institutional model characterizes the status and

We are pleased to introduce the Proceedings of the II conference Personnel training and legal support for the implementation of research projects of the MegaScience class (June 25, 2020) organized by National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute) and the Kutafin Moscow State Law University (MSAL). The purpose of the conference is to discuss issues of personnel training

The article discusses the problems of legal experts training to ensure the effective functioning of global research infrastructures (megascience projects) in the context of information-worldview security of media (including Internet communication). The activity of legal experts in the field of megascience projects implies risk management of media security within which the ranking of media waves and

Nowadays the objective of strengthening scientific and technological bases is not only the goal of individual states but an objective of integration organisations as well. Both European and Eurasian legal systems consider competition a key element for economical and technological development. Rivalry between various research institutes is an essential driver of economic and scientific efficiency, in

The article looks at some issues related to legal regulation of funding, development, construction and operation of large-scale research facilities. In the course of study there have been singled out the peculiarities of social relations in ‘mega-science’ and various approaches to its definition have been provided. It has been established, that norms of financial law regulate the system of public relations

The article presents aspects of the legal status of scientists, both internationally and at the Russian level. By the example of the CERN scientific project, the peculiarities of the legal experience of scientists involved in the scientific experiments of CERN are revealed, as well as the corresponding legal regulations. On the basis of the analysis, the expediency of identifying a special legal status

The article covers international scientific and technical cooperation as one of the modern diplomacy tools, with considerable emphasis on the French and Russian approach thereto. It is emphasized that both Moscow and Paris regard this issue as one of the directions of its foreign policy. Particular attention is paid to the review of key national regulatory acts of both states in the designated sphere

The article is devoted to the analysis of the prospects for the development of educational programs aimed at training lawyers in the field of megascience projects. Legal support of megascience projects involves legal support of intellectual resources and protection of the results of intellectual activity, legal regulation of financing of these projects, international legal regulation of scientific

At present, cellulose and nitrocellulose components used in the field of ammunition are manufactured from a cotton linter or a wood. However, over the last decade the raw material characteristics, including for the nitrocellulose production for special purposes, have changed significantly both in connection with the loss of the traditional source of the cellulose raw material (the cotton linter) and

A numerical simulation of a two-dimensional (2D) structure of the detonation wave (DW) in a two-fuel gaseous mixtures with air mixture at normal initial condition has been conducted. This study is based on a two-stage generalised model of detonation kinetics for a mixtures of two fuels first proposed by us. The computations have been performed in a wide range of channel height. The changes in the 2D

On the basis of conservation laws and basic principles of thermodynamics, a mathematical model is developed for flows of a two-phase granular fluid. The phases consist of a viscoplastic granular Bingham fluid and a viscous Newtonian fluid. As an application, one dimensional flows are studied in a channel to address the stability of the proppant pack which fills a hydro-fracture. We find correlations

Here we examined how the addition of high-energy materials such as nitrocellulose and 1-methyl-3-nitro-1,2,4-triazole (1Me-3N) would influence the properties of Bi 2 O 3 /Al and CuO/Al nanothermite composites. The additives allowed the improvement in explosion force (F) and burning rate (u) of the composites, achieving the maxima at concentrations of 5 % NC and 9 % 1Me-3N for the Bi 2 O 3 /Al/1Me-3N

The result of numerical simulation of a flat channel with a back-facing step in the presence of tabs by the RANS method is presented. The Reynolds number, calculated by the step height and the average flow rate velocity, was Re = 5000. The data obtained made it possible to analyze the dynamics of interaction between the separated flow behind a tab and the region of the main separation behind a step

In the article the influence of fiber orientation on the deformation character of specimens from composites with shape memory (EMC) under transverse and longitudinal bending is studied. Also, restoration of the initial configuration of the sample upon activation of the shape memory effect (SME) is considered. The effect of fiber orientation on the formation of systems of irreversible structural defects

The system of equations of one-dimensional unsteady fluid motion in a viscous heat-conducting medium is considered. The mathematical model is based on the equations of conservation of mass for liquid and solid phases, Darcy’s law, rheological relation, the law of conservation of balance of forces and the equation for the temperature of the medium. The transition to Lagrange variables in the case of

We consider the equations of a multi-velocity model of a binary mixture of viscous compressible fluids (two-fluid medium) in the case of one-dimensional barotropic motions. We prove the global (in time) existence and uniqueness of a strong solution to the initial-boundary value problem describing the motion in a bounded spatial domain.

The paper presents the results of experimental studies of the influence of incoming external disturbances on the flow of straight wing and UAV models at different angles of attack and slip. Using the method of hot-wire anemometry, quantitative data were obtained on the structure of the flow near the surface of the model when it flows around a free stream and in the presence of incident external disturbances

The paper discusses the methodology for determining the parameters of the hydrophysical background of a shallow sea stratified by density. The background of this sea is characterized by quadratic nonlinearity - α, high-frequency dispersion -β and phase velocity of linear internal gravitational waves - c 0 . In the framework of the theory of weakly-intensity shock waves in media with weak dispersion

The present volume of the Journal of Physics: Conference Series represents contributions from participants of the IX International conference «Lavrentyev readings on mathematics, mechanics, and physics» dedicated to the 120 th anniversary of birth of Academician Mikhail Alekseevich Lavrentyev. The Conference was held at Novosibirsk Akademgorodok, Russia, on September 07–11, 2020, and organized by Lavrentyev

The research considers high-speed separate and simultaneous movement of an elongated metal strikers at supercavitation conditions. In the zone around a striker in water the high pressure area appears which makes the adjacent layers of water move. In case of a parallel high-velocity motion of a set of strikers, it is reasonable to assume the availability of the effects caused by their mutual close location

The paper is devoted to the investigation of the solutal convection in a horizontal layer of porous media with horizontal seepage of the mixture and solute immobilization. The flow through porous media is modelled within the standard Darcy–Bousinesq model and immobilization is described by the mobile/immobile media (MIM) approach. The high concentrations of solute are considered which lead to taking

The paper presents the results of the numerical solutions of the problem of spark ignition aero suspension mixture of powders of aluminum and boron. The physical and mathematical model of gas suspension combustion is based on the approaches of the mechanics of two-phase reacting media. The solution to the problem is based on the decay algorithm of an arbitrary discontinuity S. K. Godunov. From the

The mathematical model water and air movement in snow is studied taking into account sublimation. Snow is simulated as a four-phase continuous porous medium. The pores are entirely occupied by a mixture of water, air and vapor. To describe the process, the mass conservation equations for each phase, the Musket–Leverett system of two-phase filtration equations for water and air, and the energy conservation

Mathematical problems of solving direct and inverse problems of mechanics of composite structures are formulated. The problems of strength calculation and optimal design of composite overwrapped pressure vessels are investigated. The solutions of the optimization problem have been recieved and verified by solving the direct problems with obtained design parameters using the classical and improved shell

A new beam multilayer finite element for solving the bending problems of laminated composites is proposed. The finite element model is based on the asymptotic splitting method, which allows one to obtain a solution to the linear spatial problem of the theory of elasticity without using simplifying hypotheses. The advantage of this approach is that all components of the stress tensor are taken into

The unsteady problem of a load moving along a channel covered with broken ice is considered. Deflection of the broken ice is described by the equation of flotating liquid. The channel has a rectangular cross-section. The fluid in the channel is inviscid and incompressible. The flow caused by deflections of broken ice is potential. The external load is modeled by a smooth localized pressure distribution

The influence of parameters of mono- and polydisperse, one- and multicomponent bubble media on the conditions of initiation, structure, propagation velocity, and pressure of detonation waves is experimentally investigated. It is established that the variation of initial pressure of bubble medium is an efficient method to control the parameters of waves of “bubble” detonation.

We propose a hyperbolic system of first-order equations that approximates the 1D Nwogu model of the shallow water theory for non-hydrostatic unsteady flows. Solitary waves in the framework of these models are constructed and studied. The evolution of solitary waves on a mildly sloping beach is considered. We show that the solution of the hyperbolic system practically coincides with the corresponding

As a pre-requisite for powerful steam explosion following the spread of molten high-temperature material over the bottom of water pool, a premixed zone must be formed with certain contents of melt, water, and vapour. Experimental observations indicate that melt spreading is featured by the formation of periodic melt splashes which can be responsible for the phase premixing. The paper considers one

Based on the review of scientific and technical literature, an analysis is made of the problems of the modern theory of formation, extension and destruction of the shaped jet. The focus of the research is on the kinematics of the formation of a shaped jet based on the approach of operating with the characteristics of a real metal when the velocity vector of the cumulative jet is the result of three

Previously, the properties of the Lie group G , which is an equivalence group of the eikonal equation, wave equation, and other differential equations (DEs), have been studied by the author in the two-dimensional case; various applications to mathematical physics and differential geometry have been obtained. This paper presents a study of the three-dimensional analogue of the G group, the ten-parameter

A problem of pairing thin elastic and rigid inclusions with possible delamination in elastic bodies is considered. On the crack and at the intersection of the crack with a hard inclusion, boundary conditions are imposed in the form of inequalities, excluding mutual penetration of the crack faces and thin inclusions. The existence and uniqueness of the solution of the problem is established. It is shown

A new model of an equilibrium problem for a Kirchhoff-Love plate with a flat cylindrical rigid inclusion and an interfacial crack is considered. As in previous works, we consider a rigid inclusion defined with the help of a cylindrical surface, but unlike the known models relating to the crack theory, we suppose that traces of derivatives of vertical displacements (deflections) satisfy certain boundary

The paper describes results of a numerical study of the influence of composite structure parameters on the strength and fracture time of brittle materials under dynamic loading. The study is carried out on model concrete samples with different volume fractions of reinforcing inclusions and micropores. Simulation results show that the conventional principle of proportionality of the change in the incubation

The paper is devoted to a numerical study of the features of fluid redistribution in the pore space of an unconventional hydrocarbon reservoir of the Bazhenov Suite (West Siberian oil and gas basin). We analyzed the filtration properties of the microscale layers of the formation with composite structure and multiscale porosity using the triaxial compression test. The simulation results showed that

Influence of thermal nonequilibrium on the laminar–turbulent transition is studied on the basis of the e N -method for two widespread flow regimes of a supersonic boundary layer at Mach number M = 4.5. The set of actual frequencies of spatial disturbances was determined from the neutral stability curves for temporal disturbances. The families of N -factor curves were calculated for selected frequencies

The study of a human dura mater is an important task of modern neurosurgery for trauma, as well as surgery for changing volume fractions of the liquid media of the brain (hydrocephalus, hypertension, etc). This paper presents the first results of a study of the strength properties of a human dura mater. A description is given of the preparation of the sample for the experiment and the experimental

The paper shows the directions to improve the assessment of the external load on a rigid structure during the crash of an aircraft. Our estimates describe the modeling of initial stage of impact (deformation of the nose compartment). The main goal is to evaluate the correctness and applicability of the Riera approach to mechanical equivalent of onboard equipment. Volume-perforated samples of the aluminum

The nucleation of an edge annular concentric crack on the surface of a smooth cylinder made of an elastoplastic material with ultimate strain is considered. To obtain critical parameters of quasi-brittle fracture, a coupled (sufficient) fracture criterion of an elastoplastic material is used. Simple relations are obtained for the critical stresses, the length of the prefecture zone and the critical

We consider the plasma-vacuum interface problem in ideal incompressible magneto-hydrodynamics. Unlike the classical statement when the vacuum magnetic field obeys the div-curl system of pre-Maxwell dynamics, to better understand the influence of the electric field in vacuum we do not neglect the displacement current in the vacuum region and consider the Maxwell equations for electric and magnetic fields

Until recently, high-speed surface vessels consisted mainly of hydrogliders, airfoil boats, hydrofoil and air-cushion craft. Their hydrodynamic characteristics are well understood and the vessels involved have high speeds and excellent sailing qualities. In recent years, however, there has been some expansion of this group of vessels by means of high-speed surface objects on wheels (baggies) and tracks

In a previously published mathematical model of blood circulation in the cerebral cortex, it was assumed that the circulatory system of the brain consists of a distribution network of relatively large arteries and a collector network of veins similar in structure [1]. The connection between the networks is carried out through a network of numerous small capillaries, in which arterial blood as a result

In this paper, we consider the problem of the optimal location of the bypass graft. An electrical analogue of the cerebral vascular hemodynamic model was built, which was solved numerically using swarm intelligence methods. The optimization objective was the pressure after shunt formation in relation to the set pressure before shunting. This method was first time applied to the cerebral bypass problem

The initiation and combustion of propane-oxygen (P 0 = 1 atm) are experimentally studied by using multispark discharges (ranging from 1 to 9 in number), which are differently located in the cylindrical chamber 72 mm in diameter and 4 mm high. The methods of synchronous recording and measurements of parameters of force pulses with 26 µs resolution piezodynamometer were used in the studies. It was shown

Generalized Kelvin-Voigt equations governing nonhomogeneous and incompressible fluids are considered in this work. In this work, we establish the existence of weak solutions to the considered model. Sufficient conditions ensuring more regular solutions and its uniqueness are also considered.

The present work is addressed to the development of the technique of calculation of the strength change for the metal samples under external loadings by the molecular-dynamics method. Such a strength change results from the absorption interaction with a metal melt on the nano-structure surface (a kind of the Rebinder effect). The timeliness of this problem is associated with the creation of the optimal

One-dimensional equations of the multi-velocity model of the dynamics of mixtures of viscous compressible heat-conducting fluids and their approximation are considered. The existence and uniqueness of a strong solution to the initial-boundary value problem is proved globally in time.

The problem of an inclined impact by an elastic plate on a thin liquid layer is considered. Evolution of the flow behind the plate is studied. The main input parameters are the position of the separation point of the liquid from the plate and the speed of the liquid under this point. The flow in the wake behind the plate is described by shallow water equations without gravity. Analytical formulae for

The paper presents the results of experimental studies of residual stress in homogeneous steel samples obtained by explosion welding with simultaneous exposure to ultrasound. For experimental determination of residual stress in composites, a method based on sequential removal of thin metal layers from the sample surface and measurement of deformations of the sample from the opposite side using strain

The conditions of detonation synthesis of nanodiamonds do not affect the size of diamond microcrystallites too much, as was shown in numerous experimental studies. This is because microcrystallites are formed almost instantly at the moment of explosive detonation, when conditions are created for crystallization of the diamond carbon phase. Further expansion of detonation products only leads to the

One of the tasks of modern material science is to obtain new functional high-strength resistant coatings on structural materials like aluminum alloys. This paper shows the effect of plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) on the fatigue strength of V96Ts1 (Al-Zn-Mg-Cu) aluminum alloy. Fatigue tests were carried out with uniaxial loading in accordance with the harmonic law with a constant stress of 205

We established equilibrium and motion equations for media with internal structure, characterized by integral geometry parameters. These equations are linear differential equations of the infinite order. Besides usual elastic waves, there are many waves with sufficiently lower velocities without bottom limit. Corresponding dispersion equations have both real and imaginary roots. Complex roots represent

A review of hemodynamic models (blood movements in the human arterial system) is carried out taking into account the elasticity of the vessel walls. A generalization of the model is formulated regarding blood as a multicomponent medium.

The paper is devoted to the study of longitudinal solute transport through an array of vortices, bounded by rigid walls. Since the fluid velocity in such system is very heterogeneous, the transfer of solute particles has non-trivial properties. Some particles can flow into the vortex driving by diffusion. These particles do not move in a longitudinal direction. As a result, the observed transport process

Inverse problems for a 2D heat conduction model connected with developing technologies of designing thermal concentrators are considered. The shells are assumed consisting of a finite number of sectors every of which is filled with homogeneous isotropic medium. By optimization method these problems are reduced to finite-dimensional extremum problems for the solution of which the particle swarm optimization

Modern nuclear physics is impossible without the implementation of projects of the megascience class, for the creation of which the efforts of many organizations and countries are consolidated. The level and complexity of experiments carried out with the use of such facilities is provided by scientific researchers with a wide range of competencies. The education of such researchers is an important