Wave characteristics of solitons with damped structures in a four-component plasma fluid having positive and negative ions, nonthermal distributed positrons and electrons have been studied. The damped Kadomtsev–Petviashvili (DKP) equation has been obtained in a small amplitude limit. The nonlinear criticality of DKP is examined for related Earth’s ionosphere plasma parameters. The effects of the positron

In this paper, the bound states of pentaquark systems are studied by solving the Schrodinger equation containing Van der Waals potential via Nikiforov–Uvarov method. The binding energies, wave functions and the masses of heavy pentaquarks are calculated. The results are in agreement with the existing ones in the literature.

In this study, second-grade fluid is taken into account in order to examine its rotating behavior with heat and mass transfer effects. The analysis is carried out between two parallel plates. The study of heat and mass transfer is accomplished by taking the effects of non-constant diffusivity, conductivity and viscosity. A chemical reaction is taken in the form of activation energy. Moreover, it is

High-density polyethylene (HDPE) is irradiated to moderate gamma doses 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 kGy to carry out the study of change in its states. It is conducted by measuring resistivity and capacitance due to scissoring of chains; hence, immergence of various functional groups in the bulk of samples is irradiated to three doses 10, 30 and 40 kGy. Enhanced resistivity is found to follow sequential change

The structural, electronic and mechanical properties of AgIn1−XGaXS2 (X = 0, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, 1) chalcogenides are investigated. The crystal structure of ternary semiconductors is the chalcopyrite structure with space group \({\text{I}}\bar{4}2{\text{d}}\). In this work, first principles calculations are carried out based on density functional theory within the local density approximation to analyze

The present study was conducted to investigate the optical constants of copper (Cu)-doped zinc oxide (ZnO) films annealed at different temperatures. The absorption coefficient of the films increased by changing the annealing temperature. The lattice dielectric constant \( \varepsilon_{L} \), concentration of the free-charge carriers, plasma frequency, Spitzer–Fan model, and the waste heat of electrical

Using UB3LYP/6-31G*(d) density functional level of theory, the structural, electronic, optical and magnetic properties of \( {\text{B}}_{24} {\text{N}}_{24} \), \( {\text{Li}}@{\text{B}}_{24} {\text{N}}_{24} \), \( {\text{Na}}@{\text{B}}_{24} {\text{N}}_{24} \) and \( {\text{K}}@{\text{B}}_{24} {\text{N}}_{24} \) cages were studied when M (Li, Na, K) atoms locate at center of \( {\text{B}}_{24} {\text{N}}_{24}

Using artificial neural networks for an estimation of the nuclear reaction cross section data is discussed. Approximately rate of the fitting criteria is determined by the calculated experimental data obtained from using Variable Learning Rate Backpropagation (traingdx) algorithm in artificial neural networks. This method has been applied to obtain the cross section for 14–15 MeV neutron-induced (n

In this paper, we present an analytical procedure to determine the effective charge and ground-state energy of a four-electron beryllium atom. The procedure followed is based on a variant of variational technique using modified hydrogenic one-electron wave function to calculate effective charge in 1s and 2s states of beryllium atom. The effective charge in 1s state is 3.68609 and in 2s state is 1.82362

In a microwave discharge, the profile of electron number density inside a cylindrical plasma with elliptic cross section is analytically calculated. Using separation of variables way for the electron continuity equation (as function of position and time) and so solving it, the electron number density profile is calculated. It is shown that the profile of electron number density in a cylindrical plasma

In this work, it is proposed a perturbation theory in conjunction with the Convex Peg HERSW model and an adjustable intermolecular potential. The perturbation theory developed can quantitatively predict the density–pressure–temperature experimental behavior at the isotropic–nematic phase transition of MBBA at 1 atm.

In this study, self-polarization (SP) for the first excited state in the finite quantum well is presented by taking into account the hydrostatic pressure and the external electric field. We calculated the SP of the first excited state by using the variational method under the effective mass approximation. These calculations were made for different values of the quantum well-width, hydrostatic pressure

The equation of state for asymmetric nuclear matter is presented within the Brueckner–Hartree–Fock (BHF) approach by using recent high-quality soft nucleon–nucleon potentials from next-to-leading order (NLO) up to fifth order (N4LO) of the chiral expansion for the wide range of densities and asymmetry parameter, which are very interesting these days in the heavy-ion collisions and neutron stars. For

Selecting the double-parameter asymmetric Gaussian (AG) potential to describe the confinement effects of electrons in quantum dot (QD), the effect of dielectric constant, dispersion and polarization on the properties of the QD qubit is studied by LLP–Pekar transformation variation method. By discussing the oscillation period of the qubit with the AG potential, the mechanism of influence of the material

In this article, we show that a number of well-known time-dependent, spherically symmetric solutions of the Einstein’s field equations sourced by a stiff, perfect fluid with a cosmological constant can be generalised into a solution with arbitrary metric functions. This metric can be applied to construct stiff, perfect fluid metrics with (or without) a cosmological constant. We also explore the possibility

Two-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) boundary layer flow of an upper-convected Maxwell (UCM) fluid passing through the shrinking sheet is considered. With the impact of thermal slip, thermal radiation and heat source-sink conditions, the UCM fluid model is integrated. The method of the Lie scaling group is used to transform the strongly nonlinear governing partial differential equations (PDEs)

This work presents a new TFET architecture which not only diminishes ambipolar current (IAMB) but also shows high on state current (ION), high ratio of ION to IOFF, and less off-state current (IOFF). Initially, to show the effects on ambipolarity and on- and off-state current, a comparative analysis of transfer characteristics among the proposed, conventional, and the heterojunction (HJ) TFET has been

This study determines the effect of incorporating black phosphorus (BP) nanosheets into poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) on resistive switching (RS) mechanisms using the temperature-dependent current–voltage characteristics of gold/PMMA:BP/heavily doped p-type Si (p+-Si)/indium devices. A gold/PMMA:BP/p+-Si/indium device exhibits RS behavior, but a gold/PMMA/p+-Si/indium device exhibits set/reset–free

Formations of complex structures observed during the instability instigated expanding capacitive mode of RF discharge in a linear vacuum vessel, in the absence of an externally applied magnetic field or any other additional constraint applied. Systematic measurements of the plasma parameters, using multiple probe diagnostics, carried out to investigate the parametric dependence of sheath development

The purpose of the present work is to analyse two-dimensional unsteady squeezing Casson fluid flow between porous channel along with cross-diffusion, viscous dissipation, radiation, and chemical reaction effects. To get the results of governing equations which are partial differential equations in nature, we have converted them into ordinary differential equations by utilizing suitable similarity transformation

Closed-form exact solutions for periodic motions of a nonlinear oscillator, which contains a quadratic mixed-parity restoring force, are derived analytically. This oscillator is characterised by two real parameters, which are the coefficients of the linear and the quadratic terms, and has single-well potential. All possible combinations of positive and negative values of these coefficients providing

Using the variational method within the effective-mass approximation, the effects of geometrical shape and impurity position on the ground-state self-polarization and binding energy of a donor impurity are theoretically studied for the infinite GaAs/AlAs tetragonal quantum dot. We have found that the ground-state self-polarization and binding energy depend on geometrical shape and impurity-AlAs layer

In this paper, an analytical solution for a three-level semiconductor quantum dot has been presented. From this solution, we have discussed the effects of the phenomenological damping parameters, the electromagnetic field amplitude \(E_{0}\) of the excitation pulse \(E(\omega )\), and the detuning parameters on the atomic occupation probabilities, the atomic population inversion, the purity, and the

In this study, the exact solutions of the bound states of the two \({{\mathcal {PT}}}\)-symmetric potentials: quadratic and hyperbolic Schiöberg-type potentials for the one-dimensional Schrödinger equation are obtained by using the SUSYQM approach. Solving the Schrödinger wave equations, the real energy eigenvalues and normalized wave functions are obtained. Some special cases of interest are discussed

An expression for mass of a spherically symmetric system is obtained by solving the Tolman–Oppenheimer–Volkoff equation, employing the homotopy perturbation method. With the help of this expression and the Einstein field equations, a set of interior solutions is arrived at. Thereafter, different aspects of the solution are explained as regards mass, density, pressure, energy, stability, mass–radius

This paper considers a general set of Einstein–Maxwell fields in 2 + 1-dimensional space. Two broad categories of solutions are discussed, namely solutions of vanishing covariant derivatives (uniform electromagnetic fields) and stationary cyclic symmetric spaces. Subsequently, several major subclasses of solutions arise that may be classified according to the conformal algebra they possess. A key feature

Successive approximation, a method of solving mathematical problems by means of sequence of approximation that converges to the solution, has been reviewed with the convergence criteria. This method has been used to derive more accurate analytic expressions for Joule–Thomson coefficient, inversion temperature, heat capacity relations for imperfect gases using van der Waals equation of states. Some

Copper nanoparticles composition-based polyvinyl alcohol/polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVA/PVP) composite films were prepared for select concentrations. AC conductivity, dielectric permittivity, UV–visible and FTIR studies along with X-ray diffraction analysis were carried out on these composites. From this conductivity study, DC conductivity was estimated along with hopping potential, hopping length and thermal

58Ni(n, p)58Co, 58Ni(n, 2p)57Fe, 58Ni(n, d)57Co, 58Ni(n, t)56Co and 58Ni(n, α)55Fe reactions are studied using different NLD models from threshold to 20 MeV. Five phenomenological and two microscopic NLD are employed using TALYS 1.9 and EMPIRE 3.2.2 nuclear reaction codes for theoretical calculations. Experimental data taken from EXFOR data library were compared with these. Statistical factors H, R

This paper deals with the study of tilted plane symmetric cosmological model in the presence of perfect fluid, heat conduction and massless scalar field. We investigate the analytical solution of field equations by imposing power law relation between the metric potentials as well as the equation of state \( p = \omega \rho ,\; 0 \le \omega \le 1 \). Also, some physical and kinematic parameters of the

Spinning equations of bi-metric type theories of gravity, the counterpart of the Papapetrou equations of motion are derived as well as their corresponding spinning deviation equations, by means of introducing different types of bi-metric theories. The influence of different curvatures based on different connections is illustrated. A specific Lagrangian function for each type theory is proposed, in

The viscous and Joule dissipation effects on stagnation point flow of thermally radiating Casson nanoliquid over a convectively heated stretching sheet under hydromagnetic assumptions are discussed. The influence of heat absorption on heat transfer and chemical reaction prompted by activation energy on mass transfer is also considered. The appropriate transformations are implemented for converting

GPS L-band signals get affected by ionospheric scintillation; as a result, satellite navigation too gets affected. The most extreme scintillation activity is expected to occur near the equatorial region during geomagnetic storms. The behavior and morphology of low-latitude ionosphere are different from the other latitudes. The space weather conditions in low latitude show different nature because of

A new organic nonlinear optical chalcone derivative-1-(5-bromothiophene-2-yl)-3-(3-methoxyphenyl) prop-2-en-1-one (3MO5B2SC) molecule has been grown by slow evaporation technique. Theoretically DFT method was used to study optimized structure of the molecule and compare with reported XRD data. The structure of the molecule has been confirmed by the experimental and computed FTIR and H1 NMR spectrum

In the present manuscript, a two-dimensional generalized thermoelastic model is used to study the problem of reflection of thermoelastic plane waves from a stress-free and thermally insulated boundary of thermally conducting isotropic homogeneous elastic material. The Lord–Shulman model under the heat transfer law with memory-dependent derivative is employed to model this problem. The case of total

The half-life of proton radioactivity of proton emitters is investigated theoretically by using KDE0v1 Skyrme interaction. The total barrier potential in the proton radioactive nuclei is calculated as the sum of the nuclear, Coulomb and centrifugal contributions. The Hartree–Fock nuclear density distributions are used in calculating the nuclear as well as the Coulomb interaction potentials. The quantum

This paper presents a novel threshold voltage model for triple material gate-all-around TFET based on its surface potential that also includes the device depletion regimes. Analytical expressions for surface potential are derived using 2D Poison’s equation and parabolic approximation method. Electric Field and threshold voltage of the device are derived by considering the surface potential of source

This paper examines motion around equilibrium points (EPs) of an oblate body having a third body in the PR3BP with the disc. The problem is photogravitational, such that the third body gravitates under the influence of two primaries, which emit radiation pressure and the Poynting–Robertson (P–R) drag. Further, the primaries are enclosed by a disc. The mathematical analysis (equations of motion) and

By employing the lattice Green’s function method, we study the resistance between any two lattice sites of infinite, decorated triangular and honeycomb (hexagonal) lattices of identical resistors. In addition, we expressed the resistance for these lattices in terms of the one for the triangular lattice. Finally, we obtained the asymptotic behaviors of the resistance for large separations between lattice

We report the results for charge radii and decay constants of heavy–light D and B mesons in an improved QCD potential model. To enhance the effectiveness of short-range and long-range effect of the potential \(V(r)=-\frac{4 \alpha _\mathrm{s}}{3r}+\mathrm{br}\) in the perturbative procedure a cutoff parameter \(r^P\) is introduced as an integration limit. Another cutoff \(r_0\) is used for the polynomial

A lead-free complex perovskite, strontium nickel tungsten manganite Sr(Ni1/3Mn1/3W1/3)O3(SNMWO), was synthesized following a cost-effective standard ceramic processing technology. The structure of the compound was found to be cubic. A detailed study of scanning electron micrograph and the energy-dispersive spectra of SNMWO provided the quality and composition of the material. The average crystallite

In this paper, the role of the Weibel instability in process modulation and the possible impacts of the oscillation of the beam-electron velocity of the plasma aimed at reaching higher energy yields were investigated. For this reason, the effect of the laser time-dependent electric fields at the presence of Coulomb collision on the growth rate of the Weibel instability in the beam-plasma medium was

The dispersion relation and the nonlinear behaviour of dispersive Alfven waves (DAWs) in a plasma, which is composed by hot electrons, cold positrons and ions, are studied from the multi-component fluid theory. It can be indicated from the linear dispersion relation that the coupling of positron acoustic waves with shear Alfven waves results from the effect of the finite ion gyroradius. In our mode

In this study, spin polarization efficiency and spin-dependent transmission of electrons passing through a multiple quantum well structure with constant total effective length (60 nm) made of GaAs/Al0.3Ga0.7As, which was grown along [001] direction, were investigated. The calculations were done with the quantum transmitting boundary method. We presented the number of wells in a constant total length

The effects of electron–phonon (e–p) interactions, on the transport properties, electrical conductivity, current–voltage characteristic and tunneling magneto resistance (TMR) of the Al12N12 molecule are investigated here. Besides, the influences of the temperature and magnetic field are also included. According to the results, electrical conductivity, current–voltage characteristics and TMR of Al12N12

The spin effects on the modulation instability of electromagnetic wave propagating in magnetized quantum plasmas are examined theoretically based on the sidebands analysis. The nonlinear dispersion relation and the growth rate of the instability are derived. The effects of the pump wave’s frequency on the growth rate are analyzed. Results show that in magnetized plasmas, the separation of spin-up and

The present work reports the effect of heat treatment under vacuum on the optical properties of Ge20Se65S15 thin films prepared by the thermal evaporation technique. The structural units and the surface morphology of the films were characterized using Raman spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), respectively. The optical parameters of as-deposited and annealed films were calculated using

A two-dimensional phononic crystals based hypersonic-wave switch is theoretically investigated. The temperature effect is considered for a two-dimensional solid–solid phononic crystal composed of a square array of Epoxy rods embedded in a Tungsten matrix. Using finite element method, temperature dependence of the band gap is examined. The numerical results show that the bandgap position and width strongly

This study investigates the Gilson–Pickering equation by using the sine-Gordon expansion method. Sine-Gordon expansion method is one of the most powerful methods for solving the nonlinear partial differential equations. We successfully construct various exact solitary wave solutions to the governing equation, such as shock wave, topological, non-topological, compound topological, and non-topological

The current work is concerned with the study of wave propagation in a half-space of a piezo-thermoelastic material under a bias tangential magnetic field within dual-phase-lag (DPL). This is relevant to the design and performance of piezoelectric devices working under a bias magnetic field, for example, the DC magnetic field piezoelectric sensors widely used in various areas of technology. The characteristic

Using first-principles density functional theory, a tetragonal silicon–boron binary structure with space group P42/mnm is predicted in present work. This structure is confirmed to be dynamically and mechanically stable below 19.3 GPa, and possesses lower energy than other candidates. Based on the plane wave pseudopotential method, the electronic structure, elastic constant, bulk modulus, shear modulus

We present an anisotropic charged analogue of Kuchowicz (1971) solution of the general relativistic field equations in curvature coordinates by using simple form of electric intensity E and pressure anisotropy factor \(\Delta \) that involve charge parameter K and anisotropy parameter \(\alpha \), respectively. Our solution is well behaved in all respects for all values of X (X is related to the radius

We explore a standard epidemiological model, known as the SIRD model, to study the COVID-19 infection in India, and a few other countries around the world. We use (a) the stable cumulative infection of various countries and (b) the number of infection versus the tests carried out to evaluate the model. The time-dependent infection rate is set in the model to obtain the best fit with the available data

In this paper, the electrical characteristics of a heterojunction nanotube semi-junctionless tunnel field effect transistor (NSJTFET) with germanium in the source and GaAs in the drain channel regions are thoroughly investigated. The proposed n-channel NSJTFET is a p+p+n structure, employing internal core gate and external shell gate. The device under study provides a superior gate control over the

This article analytically and experimentally provides the principle of hologram construction and reconstruction using a single thin-lens system. Instead of recording on a holographic film, the interference pattern between the reference beam and the object beam is digitally recorded in an image file using CCD camera and the real hologram is printed on a transparent film (overhead projector film). Finally

The Cahn–Hilliard equation is a nonlinear partial differential equation which is used in digital image inpainting to restore damaged or missing parts of degraded text and high contrast images. Due to the nonlocal property of the fractional derivative, the fractional order Cahn–Hilliard equation can describe these physical processes in more flexible way. In this paper, the effects of fractional order

The propagation of nonlinear magnetosonic waves in electron–ion–dust (complex) plasmas has been studied by considering the effects of Bohm potential in the presence of an external magnetic field. By using the quantum hydrodynamic model and applying the reductive perturbation method, the Kadomtsev–Petviashvili (KP) equation is obtained. The compressive structures of magnetosonic solitary waves and periodic

This study reports the synthesis and characterization of Nd–Zn-doped nanocrystalline Ca0.5Ba0.5-xNdxZnyFe12-yO19 (x = 0.00–0.10; y = 0.00–1.00) hexaferrites prepared by sol–gel auto combustion method. Doping of the binary mixture of Nd–Zn enhances the electrical and structural properties of Ca0.5Ba0.5-xNdxZnyFe12-yO19 hexaferrite nanoparticles. The required annealing temperature was obtained on the

In this comment, through our independent calculations, we assess that the recently reported results of El-Maaref et al. [Indian J. Phys.91 1029 (2017)] for energy levels, oscillator strengths, radiative rates, and lifetimes are inaccurate and unreliable for several levels and transitions of S-like Sc VI.

Nowadays, the physical analogy in biology has become a desirable research domain for academics. Here, we discussed many exciting features regarding the biological system that could help us to understand the underlying mechanism inside it. This manuscript focuses on the soliton/Bloch wave concept along with the periodic active protein polarized dendrite. The velocity of the existent soliton wave is