Nonlinear plasmonic metasurfaces are compatible with complementary metal oxide semiconductor technology and highly promising for on-chip optical switching and modulations and nanoscale frequency conversions. However, the low nonlinear-optical response of metasurface devices limits their practical applications. To circumvent this constraint, we propose the design of a nanocavity plasmonic metasurface

There is an increasing demand for new technologies to rapidly measure individual nanoparticles in situ for applications, including early-stage diagnosis of human diseases and environmental monitoring. Here, we demonstrate a label-free wide-field optical microscopy capable of sizing dispersed non-luminescent dielectric nanoparticles (with diameters down to 22 nm) with 10 nm accuracy. This technique

Graphdiyne (GDY), a novel all-carbon nanomaterial, is considered the most easily synthesized and stable carbon allotrope, positioning it as a promising photoelectric material. Herein, we successfully fabricated a high-quality GDY saturable absorber and saturable absorber mirror. Both broadband nonlinear saturable absorption and ultrafast relaxation dynamic properties in mid-infrared region of the GDY

The acoustic modes of diamond are not only of profound significance for studying its thermal conductivity, mechanical properties, and optical properties, but also play a definite role in the performance of high-frequency and high-power acoustic wave devices. Here, we report on the bulk acoustic waves (BAWs) and surface acoustic waves (SAWs) of single-crystal diamond using angle-resolved Brillouin light

Apart from the quark and gluon kinetic and potential energies, the nucleon mass includes a novel energy of pure quantum origin resulting from anomalous breaking of scale symmetry. We demonstrate the effects of this quantum anomalous energy (QAE) in QED, as well as in a toy 1 + 1 dimensional non-linear sigma model where it contributes non-perturbatively, in a way resembling the Higgs mechanism for the

Shubnikov-de Haas oscillations are the most well-known magneto-oscillations in transport measurements. They are caused by Landau quantization of two-dimensional (2D) electron systems in the presence of a magnetic field. Here we demonstrate that a scanning tunneling microscope (STM) can locally measure similar magneto-oscillations in 2D systems. In Landau level spectroscopy measurements with fine magnetic-field

In a recent study, we developed a method that models the impact of photometric redshift uncertainty on the two-point correlation function (2PCF). Using this method, we simultaneously obtained both the intrinsic clustering strength and the photometric redshift errors by fitting the projected 2PCF with two integration depths along the line-of-sight. Herein, we apply this method to the Dark Energy Spectroscopic

Magnetic topological materials, which combine magnetism and topology, are expected to host emerging topological states and exotic quantum phenomena. In this study, with the aid of greatly enhanced coercive fields in high-quality nanoflakes of the magnetic Weyl semimetal Co3Sn2S2, we investigate anomalous electronic transport properties that are difficult to reveal in bulk Co3Sn2S2 or other magnetic

Understanding the normal electronic state is crucial for unveiling the mechanism of unconventional superconductivity (SC). In this paper, by applying a magnetic field of up to 37 T on FeSe single crystals, we could reveal the normal-state transport properties after SC was completely suppressed. The normal-state resistivity exhibited a Fermi liquid behavior at low temperatures. Large orbital magnetoresistance

The possible shape coexistence in even-even Ne isotopes and the impurity effects of the sΛ and pΛ hyperons are explored employing the multidimensionally constrained relativistic-mean-field (MDC-RMF) model with the PK1 parameter set for the NN interaction and PK1-Y1 for the ΛN interaction. The quadrupole deformation potential energy surfaces (PESs), nuclear deformations, nuclear radii, binding energies

Free-surface flows, especially those associated with fluid-structure interactions (FSIs), pose challenging problems in numerical simulations. The authors of this work recently developed a smoothed particle element method (SPEM) to simulate FSIs. In this method, both the fluid and solid regions are initially modeled using a smoothed finite element method (S-FEM) in a Lagrangian frame, whereas the fluid

Patterns resulted from modulation instability are ubiquitous and have been extensively studied in optics and Bose-Einstein condensates. However, these patterns have not been realized in ultracold Fermi gases, although there has been considerable theoretical interest in this field. Here we report an experimental observation of space-time patterns in a superfluid Fermi gas excited by red-detuned laser

We report a study of the structure and magnetic properties of the S = 3/2 zigzag spin chain compound BaCoTe2O7. Neutron diffraction measurements show that it crystallizes in the noncentrosymmetric space group Ama2 with a canted ↑↑↓↓ spin structure along the quasi-one-dimensional zigzag chain and a moment size of 1.89(2) µB at 2 K. Both magnetic susceptibility and specific heat measurements yield an

Spin-lattice (SL) coupling plays an important role in spintronic applications given its effects on magnetic, ferroelectric, optical, and thermodynamic properties. Experiments and theoretical calculations have revealed a large SL coupling effect in CrGeTe3 and CrI3 monolayers. However, the microscopic origin of SL coupling in these systems is still unclear. In this work, we develop a systematic method

The recent NANOGrav evidence of a common-source stochastic background provides a hint to gravitational waves (GW) radiation from the Early Universe. We show that this result can be interpreted as a GW spectrum produced from first order phase transitions (FOPTs) around a temperature in the keV-MeV window. Such a class of FOPTs at temperatures much below the electroweak scale can be naturally envisaged

The topological Hall effect (THE) as a powerful probe for the experimental observation of topological spin textures, such as magnetic skyrmions, has been observed in a wide variety of distinct material systems. However, limited experimental observations have been reported for antiferromagnetic (AFM) materials. Here, the THE signals in the AFM state were observed in compensated ferrimagnetic thin films

Based on the resource theory for quantifying the coherence of quantum channels, we introduce a new coherence quantifier for quantum channels via maximum relative entropy. We prove that the maximum relative entropy for coherence of quantum channels is directly related to the maximally coherent channels under a particular class of superoperations, which results in an operational interpretation of the

Chaotic inflation is inconsistent with the observational constraint at 68% CL. Here, we show that the enhancement mechanism with a peak function in the noncanonical kinetic term not only helps the chaotic model V(ϕ) = V0ϕ1/3 satisfy the observational constraint at large scales but also enhances the primordial scalar power spectrum by seven orders of magnitude at small scales. The enhanced curvature

Controlling oxygen redox reactions in transition metal oxides offers an attractive route to tune their physical properties; a topotactic structural transformation from their parent phases effectively modifies the electronic state. In this work, infinite-layered SrFeO2 thin films were produced from brownmillerite SrFeO2.5 via low-temperature hydro-reduction. After the structural transition, their out-of-plane

This is a complete and exhaustive review on the so-called holographic axion model—a bottom-up holographic system characterized by the presence of a set of shift symmetric scalar bulk fields whose profiles are taken to be linear in the spatial coordinates. This simple model implements the breaking of translational invariance of the dual field theory by retaining the homogeneity of the background geometry

The generation and manipulation of single photons are crucial in advanced quantum technologies, such as quantum communication and quantum computation devices. High-purity single photons can be generated from classical light using the single-photon blockade (1PB). However, the efficiency and purity are exclusive in 1PB, which hinders its practical applications. Here, we show that the resonantly coupled

Understanding the dynamic process of black hole thermodynamic phase transitions at a triple point is a huge challenge. In this paper, we conduct the first investigation of dynamic phase behavior at a black hole triple point. By numerically solving the Smoluchowski equation near the triple point for a six-dimensional charged Gauss-Bonnet anti-de Sitter black hole, we report that initial small, intermediate

We present one of the first Shanghai Tian Ma Radio Telescope (TMRT) K Band observations towards a sample of 26 infrared dark clouds (IRDCs). We observed the (1,1), (2,2), (3,3), and (4,4) transitions of NH3 together with CCS (21–>10) and HC3N J = 2–1, simultaneously. The survey dramatically increases the existing CCS-detected IRDC sample from 8 to 23, enabling a better statistical study of the ratios

Given a segment of a time series of a system at a particular set of parameter values, is it possible to infer the dynamic behavior of the system in its parameter space? Here, we show that this goal can be achieved to a certain extent using a self-evolution learning machine. It is found that following an appropriate training strategy that monotonously decreases the cost function, the learning machine

Flow over a fish-like airfoil is numerically investigated to elaborate the hydrodynamics of the undulatory braking locomotion for an elongated eel-like body or long-based fin. For undulation with low frequency, we find that boundary layer separation occurs in a parameter region with wakes in which two vortex pairs are formed per undulatory period. The physical mechanism of separation is governed by

We report the superconductivity of a new quaternary compound ThMo2Si2C, synthesized with the arc-melting technique. The compound crystallizes in a tetragonal CeCr2Si2C-type structure with cell parameters of a = 4.2296 Å and c = 5.3571 Å. An interlayer Si-Si covalent bonding is suggested by the atomic distance. The electrical resistivity and magnetic susceptibility measurements indicate a Pauli-paramagnetic

The spatial features of a light field, such as in the form of the optical singularities, provide a new degree of freedom for the application of light fields in different areas of science and technology. However, although the exploration of structured light is growing rapidly, the investigation of strong-field photoionization using such light fields is noticeably lagging behind. Here, we present an

The double beta decay of 136Xe to excited states of 136Ba (DBD-ES) has not yet been discovered experimentally. The experimental signature of such decays, one or two gamma rays following the beta signals, can be identified more effectively in a gaseous detector with the help of topological signatures. We have investigated key parameters of particle trajectories of DBD-ES with Monte Carlo simulation

Weyl points, which are the degenerate points in three-dimensional momentum space, have been widely studied in the photonic system, and show some intriguing phenomena such as topologically protected surface states and chiral anomalies. Type-I Weyl systems possess a complete bandgap, and topologically protected surface states can be excited without disturbing the bulk states. In this work, we investigate

Quantum coherence, emerging from the “superposition” of quantum states, is widely used in various information processing tasks. Recently, the resource theory of multilevel quantum coherence is attracting substantial attention. In this paper, we mainly study the transformations of resource pure states via free operations in the theoretical framework for multilevel coherence. We prove that any two multilevel

Antiferromagnets have been attracting tremendous interest in the spintronics community due to their intrinsic appealing properties, such as zero stray field and ultrafast spin dynamics. Recently, the electrical manipulation of bulk properties of antiferromagnets has been widely studied, but exploring the use of antiferromagnetic (AFM) interfacial properties to investigate some key issues in spintronic

Twisted graphene multilayers exhibit strongly correlated insulating states and superconductivity due to the presence of ultraflat bands near the charge neutral point. In this paper, the response of ultraflat bands to lattice relaxation and a magnetic field in twisted trilayer graphene (tTLG) with different stacking arrangements is investigated by using a full tight-binding model. We show that lattice

In this work, the strong decay behaviors of the λ-mode low-lying Ξb and Ξ′b baryons are investigated within the 3P0 model. Our results suggest that all of the low-lying \(\bar{3}_{F}\) states Ξb(2S), Ξb(1P), and Ξb(1D) have small decay widths of less than 20 MeV, and these states have good potentials to be observed in the Ξ′bπ and Ξ *′b π invariant masses. Further, most of the 6F multiplets are relatively

Bi2O2Se is a promising material for next-generation semiconducting electronics. It exhibits premature metallicity on the introduction of a tiny amount of electrons, the physics behind which remains elusive. Here we report on transport and dielectric measurements in Bi2O2Se single crystals at various carrier densities. The temperature-dependent resistivity (ρ) indicates a smooth evolution from the semiconducting

In a recent article [Gao et al., Sci. China-Phys. Mech. Astron. 63, 120311 (2020)], a two-receiver measurement-device-independent quantum secret sharing (MDI-QSS) protocol was presented. It was proven to be secure against eavesdropping and generalized to the multireceiver case. However, the participant attack is a fatal threat to QSS protocols. Here, we highlight that a dishonest participant can obtain

Spatially structured light field has attracted great attention due to its novel properties and application potential in numerous fields. Among them, the most striking one is the polarization-structured light, known as the vector beam. Here, using a periodic polarization-structured light, we propose a method to dynamically measure the holo-information of light fields, including the amplitude, phase

The perfect single crystal has ultra-high strength but is often accompanied by catastrophic failures after yielding. This study reveals that nano-lamellar TiAl single crystals alleviate the catastrophic failure due to a post-yielding dislocation retraction through atomistic simulations and theoretical analyses. This dislocation retraction leads to a retained post-yielding strength of 1.03 to 2.33 GPa

In this paper, InGaAs p-i-n photodetectors (PDs) on an InP/SiO2/Si (InPOI) substrate fabricated by ion-slicing technology are demonstrated and compared with the identical device on a commercial InP substrate. The quality of epitaxial layers on the InPOI substrate is similar to that on the InP substrate. The photo responsivities of both devices measured at 1.55 µm are comparable, which are about 0.808–0

The discovery of EuFeAs2, currently the only charge-neutral parent phase of the 112-type iron-pnictide system, provides a new platform for the study of elemental doping effects on magnetism and superconductivity (SC). In this study, a series of polycrystalline EuFe1−yCoyAs2 and Eu0.9Pr0.1Fe1−yCoyAs2 samples are synthesized through solid-state reaction, and the evolutions of SC and magnetism with Co

Strong-field tunneling ionization is the first step for a broad class of phenomena in intense laser-atom/molecule interactions. Accurate information about the electron wave packet from strong-field tunneling ionization of atoms and molecules is of essential importance for understanding various tunneling ionization triggered processes. Here, we survey the property of the electron wave packet in tunneling

We present weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs) search results performed using two approaches of effective field theory from the China Dark Matter Experiment (CDEX), based on the data from both CDEX-1B and CDEX-10 stages. In the nonrelativistic effective field theory approach, both time-integrated and annual modulation analyses were used to set new limits for the coupling of WIMP-nucleon effective

Andreev reflection (AR) refers to the electron-hole conversion at the normal metal-superconductor interface. In a three-dimensional metal with a spherical Fermi surface, retro (specular) AR can occur with the sign reversal of all three (a single) components of particle velocity. Here, we predict a novel type of AR with the inversion of two velocity components, dubbed “anomalous Andreev reflection”

The study of protein folding is fundamental and important in the multidisciplinary field because a diversity of diseases, like Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s are relevant to protein misfolding. The current thermodynamic and geometric approaches only phenomenologically describe but do not provide a mechanistic understanding of the competition between correct folding and misfolding. Here we present a model

Spatial frequency shift (SFS) microscopy with evanescent wave illumination shows intriguing advantages, including large field of view (FOV), high speed, and good modularity. However, a missing band in the spatial frequency domain hampers the SFS superresolution microscopy from achieving resolution better than 3 folds of the Abbe diffraction limit. Here, we propose a novel tunable large-SFS microscopy

In the practical continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CV-QKD) system, the postprocessing process, particularly the error correction part, significantly impacts the system performance. Multi-edge type low-density parity-check (MET-LDPC) codes are suitable for CV-QKD systems because of their Shannon-limit-approaching performance at a low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). However, the process of designing

Scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy is applied herein to study the pristine and potassium (K)-doped single-layer p-quaterphenyl (P4P) films grown on the Au(111) substrate at the molecular level. Abundant complex structural and electronic phases are induced by various K doping. The Fermi-level pinning effect is observed at a low doping level. On the contrary, K3P4P exhibits intriguing versatile

TaC nanowires are expected to be an ideal reinforcing material in ultra-high-temperature ceramics. However, their growth mechanisms and mechanical properties remain unclear, and low-cost large-scale synthesis has not been realised. In this study, bulk synthesis of [100]-oriented TaC nanowires is accomplished by carbothermal synthesis through a direct vapor-solid mechanism. Thermal resonance test results

We construct an electrical circuit to realize a modified Haldane lattice exhibiting the phenomenon of antichiral edge states. The circuit consists of a network of inductors and capacitors with interconnections reproducing the effects of a magnetic vector potential. The next nearest neighbor hoppings are configured differently from the standard Haldane model, and as predicted by earlier theoretical

Recently, two classes of quasar samples were identified, which are promising as new cosmological probes extending to higher redshifts. The first sample uses the nonlinear relation between the ultraviolet and X-ray luminosities of quasars to derive luminosity distances, whereas the linear sizes of compact radio quasars in the second sample can serve as standardized rulers, providing angular-diameter

We investigate the interaction between <111> self-interstitial atoms (SIAs) and 1/2<111> self-interstitial dislocation loops in tungsten (W) via atomistic simulations. We explore the variation of the anisotropic distribution of binding energies with the shapes and sizes of the 1/2[111] loop and the nonequivalent configurations of <111> SIAs. For an arbitrarily shaped loop, SIA can be more easily trapped

Models of the coupling of electromagnetic and gravitational fields have been studied extensively for many years. In this paper, we consider the coupling between the Maxwell field and the Weyl tensor of the gravitational field to study how the wavevector of the electromagnetic wave is affected by a plane gravitational wave. We find that the wavevector depends upon the frequency and direction of polarization

A quantum network is a promising quantum many-body system because of its tailored geometry and controllable interaction. Here, we propose an external control scheme for the qubit-photon interaction and multiqubit reset in a dissipative quantum network, which comprises superconducting circuit chains with microwave drives and filter-filter couplings. The traditional multiqubit reset of the quantum network

Rotating structural components are omnipresent in engineering structures and natural world. This work investigates the effects of the centrifugal and Coriolis forces on the free vibrational characteristics of soft cylinders rotating with respect to the axis of symmetry based on the nonlinear elasticity and linear incremental theories. The formulations indicate that the biasing deformation, instantaneous

Recently, a new type of second-order topological insulator has been theoretically proposed by introducing an in-plane Zeeman field into the Kane-Mele model in the two-dimensional honeycomb lattice. A pair of topological corner states arise at the corners with obtuse angles of an isolated diamond-shaped flake. To probe the corner states, we study their transport properties by attaching two leads to

The destruction of a regular black hole event horizon might provide us the possibility to access regions inside black hole event horizon. This paper investigates the possibility of overcharging a charged Taub-NUT regular black hole via the scattering of a charged field and the absorption of a charged particle. For the charged scalar field scattering, both the near-extremal and extremal charged Taub-NUT

Topological structure has been extensively studied and confirmed in highly correlated condensed matter physics. We explore the gravitational waves emitted from binary neutron star mergers using the pseudoconformal model for dense nuclear matter for compact stars. This model considers the topology change and the possible emergent scale symmetry and satisfies all the constraints from astrophysics. We

We present a new model for simulating the electromagnetic fluctuations with frequencies much lower than the ion cyclotron frequency in plasmas confined in general magnetic configurations. This novel model (termed as GK-E&B) employs nonlinear gyrokinetic equations formulated in terms of electromagnetic fields along with momentum balance equations for solving fields. It, thus, not only includes kinetic

Sm-Co nanoparticles (NPs) are promising candidates for preparing superstable magnets and exchange-coupled nanocomposite magnets with unprecedented magnetic properties. However, the morphology evolution of the NPs remains unclear. Here, single crystalline SmCox (x = 4.07, 4.79, 6.94, and 8.61) NPs with dimensions below the critical size of a single magnetic domain were synthesized. These NPs consist

A feasible strategy for realizing the Majorana fermions is searching for a simple compound with both bulk superconductivity and Dirac surface states. In this paper, we perform calculations of electronic band structure, the Fermi surface, and the surface states, and measure the resistivity, magnetization, and specific heat of a TlSb compound with a CsCl-type structure. The band structure calculations

When a water droplet on a micropillar-structured hydrophobic surface is submitted to gradually increased pressure, the Cassie-Baxter wetting state transforms into the Wenzel wetting state once the pressure exceeds a critical value. It has been assumed that the reverse transition (Wenzel-to-Cassie-Baxter wetting state) cannot happen spontaneously after the pressure has been removed. In this paper, we