Road safety guidelines are not properly implemented and are not diverse enough to counter an annual increase in traffic volume. The mitigation techniques of road regulating bodies have failed in minimizing road accidents with the increase in road users. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to provide valuable insight to the facilitators and decision-making stakeholders by predicting the number of

Electrical discharge machining (EDM) is the unconventional machining technique used extensively for machining difficult-to-machine materials with lower material removal rate and poor surface roughness. To overcome these drawbacks, synthetic dielectric fluid is replaced with nanoparticle-infused biodegradable dielectric fluid in the machining of Hastelloy material. This paper focusses on the machining

Anxiety is usually transient in nature, but if the symptoms are severe and persistent in the absence of stressor, then it is considered as anxiety disorder. Corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) which was declared as pandemic by World Health Organization in March 2020 affected the lives of human beings worldwide. A panic and anxious situation was created due to the outbreak of COVID-19. Medical health

Digital transactions using credit cards are observed to be increasing day by day because of the convenience in operation. It is a matter of great concern for credit card users as well as financial institutions, providing credit card facilities for making the transactions free from possible frauds being carried out by fraudsters. The fraudsters apply different methodologies and alter their behaviours

For calculating the vertical earth pressure on the crown of a load shedding culvert (LSC) underneath the embankment fill, an analytical method is proposed in this paper. It can determine the corresponding position on the slip surface when the shear stress of the embankment fill on the slip surface just reaches the limit value. The method proposed in this paper considers the fact that the linearly elastic–perfectly

This study proposes a measuring method to measure the altitude and straightness of hydraulic support groups based on point clouds to tackle the shortcomings in the current measuring methods for measuring the attitude and straightness of hydraulic support groups. First, we build an experimental platform and use three RGB-D cameras to obtain the point cloud of the hydraulic supports from different angles

The main challenge war focused on the detection of dopamine drug using a type of AlN nanotube sensor through density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The interaction behavior of dopamine (DA) and aluminum nitride single-wall nanotube (AlNNT) was investigated by using DFT calculation. For the most stable complex, the energy of adsorption of DA on the aluminum nitride single-wall nanotube’s surface

The enhancement in heat transfer based on the utilization of nanoparticles is an attractive research area, and many scientists have intended their interest on this topic. With progressive features, the nanofluid reflects many applications in thermal engineering, heat exchangers, cooling phenomenon, magnetic cell separation, energy production, hyperthermia, etc. Following to the motivating significances

Several hourly, daily and monthly global solar radiation prediction models have been designed, to overcome the weakness of the previous models. Many previous models have used a long-term global solar radiation of Seoul to predict the consecutive years. Unfortunately, many countries do not have an enough history to build such prediction models, in addition many researchers suggested that seasonal autoregressive

Magnetite nanoparticles (Fe3O4) and their kaolinite and SBA-15 (MFSBA-15) composites were fabricated and evaluated their adsorption capability of heavy-metal ions Pb(II) and Co(III) from aqueous solution. The morphology, phase structure, and composition of nanocomposites are investigated for scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), VSM, TGA, and Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR)

In model predictive control applications, the static nonlinear function of the Wiener model is an obstacle to forming a quadratic cost function. That case results in suboptimal control actions. As is known, a Wiener model predictive controller makes predictions employing the linear block of the Wiener model, and so its control solution is optimal due to the quadratic cost function. If the actual process

In order to study the interaction mechanisms between hydraulic fractures (HF) and natural fractures (NF), a new numerical method named 2P-IKSPH has been proposed. The interactions between HF and NF under different conditions are simulated, results show that under the condition of low vertical confining pressure and low injecting rate, NF initiates at one tip closer to the horizontal boundary; under

The marine predator algorithm is a new nature-inspired metaheuristic algorithm that mimics biological interaction between marine predators and prey. It has been also stated from the literature that this algorithm can solve many real-world optimization problems which made it a new popular optimization technique for the researchers. However, there is still a deficiency in the marine predator algorithm

The Internet of Bio-NanoThings (IoBNTs) is a novel paradigm that derives from synthetic biology and advances in nanotechnology for controlling the embedded nanodevices in various medical applications. However, numerous studies have focused on communication efficiency among the nanodevices in a given network, the challenges such as the design and the development of the nanodevices, and the coordination

The Internet of Bio-NanoThings (IoBNTs) is a novel paradigm that derives from synthetic biology and advances in nanotechnology for controlling the embedded nanodevices in various medical applications. However, numerous studies have focused on communication efficiency among the nanodevices in a given network, the challenges such as the design and the development of the nanodevices, and the coordination

In this study, an updated earthquake catalogue and seismic source model for Pakistan region (bounded by latitude 20°–40° N and longitude 58°–83° E) are developed. The updated catalogue consists of published historical (10 to 1900 CE) and instrumental earthquake events (1900 to 2018 CE) with moment magnitude (Mw) ≥ 4.0. For this purpose, several international and national databases were accessed for

Time-dependent behaviors of rocks can be attributed to long-term applied stress, which occurs in most underground engineering projects. The creep behavior of granite from the Shuangjiangkou underground powerhouse in western Sichuan Province, China, was investigated via creep tests. It is shown that granite has an obvious creep behavior under different confining pressures and deviatoric stresses. The

The present research focuses on the varying proportion of lateritic fine aggregates in High strength concrete (HSC). Concrete mixes of M60 grade were produced by replacing manufactured sand with laterite in the ratio of 25 to 100 percent (by weight), and properties of the mixes are studied. To attain high strength mix, 10% micro silica and 10% of fly ash (FA) were added to all mixes. Mechanical properties

Microchannels with microencapsulated phase change slurry (mPCM) have gained attention due to their compactness and large surface area to volume of fluid ratio. The phase change process also helps in sustaining high heat exchange over small temperature changes. This paper is focused on numerical investigation of heat transfer characteristics of mPCM slurry flow during its freezing phase in microchannels

Algal alkaloids are widely used for their pharmacological properties as antimicrobial agents. This study determined the antibacterial activities of algal alkaloid-rich extracts against isolates of multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) O157, as well as the probable mode of action underlying their antibacterial effect. The total alkaloids were extracted

The purpose of this study is to investigate the stability of deep rectangular tunnels excavated in a jointed rock mass using adaptive finite element limit analysis (AFELA) method. The rock mass is assumed to obey the generalized Hoek–Brown failure criterion. The numerical results from parametric studies are presented in the form of dimensionless tables and figures concerning stability numbers (Ns)

A series of one-dimensional consolidation tests was conducted on reconstituted soil mixtures with different mineral compositions. Test groups were prepared by mixing various proportions of kaolinite, quartz, and montmorillonite in which the initial water contents were equal to the liquid limits of the soils. The focus was on the compression behavior of reconstituted clay mixtures, including the rarely

Lubricants can significantly improve the anti-wear performance and prolong the service life of machines. It has been found that the introduction of additives can further enhance the performance of lubricating oil and meet harsh working conditions, such as high temperature, high speed, and high load. In this study, 1% by weight of CuO, WC, and WS2 nanoparticles were added to Polyalphaolefins (PAO) base

In this paper, a time-domain passive islanding detection technique for a grid-connected hybrid distributed generating system has been developed using modified empirical mode decomposition (MOEMD). With the help of the MOEMD, the point of common coupling voltage is decomposed into several oscillatory components called intrinsic mode functions. The islanding will be detected if the magnitude of the islanding

Face log detection (FLD) in the surveillance video extracts a new face image from the video sequences (VS). FLD utilizes biometric techniques for humans’ recognition. To improve the precise FLD with less complexity of our proposed method is Prewitt Logistic Deep Recurrent Neural Learning (PLDRNL) used. The input VS was received from the video database. Next, the keyframes are extracted from the VS

The pore structure of alkali-activated fly ash mortar (AAFAM) under different mix ratios and curing system was measured by mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Based on the fractal theory, the integral shape dimension of the pore surface of the AAFAM is obtained and discussed its relationship with total porosity, proportion of gel pores, transition pore, capillary

Edge computing architectures are designed for providing in-network computational and resource allocation support for the connected users. Such architectures provide ease of computations and latency-less resource allocations for improving the efficiency of service disseminations. The problem of multi-access to the resources increases the latency in distributing the computing features for concurrent

A paradigm shift has been witnessed in microelectronic industry in recent days with more and more research works focusing on transformation of Integrated Circuits from 2 to 3D. Heterogeneous systems in the same platform are implemented via stacking several planar chips vertically based on through-silicon-via (TSV) technology. To overcome the optimization issue of 3D IC design, the shuffled frog leaping

Mobile Edge Computing can provide application-centric Internet of Things (IoT) services at the brim of the user’s network. This reduces the latency and increases the availability of the services for the users. However, security measures are limited to the density of adversaries detected in the network’s edge. Impeding adversaries increase the threats for privacy and service sharing through eavesdropping

Highly permeable asphalt mixtures are prone to moisture damage leading to reduction in pavement service life. This study correlates dense-graded asphalt mixture’s air voids with its permeability. As permeability initiates due to significant interconnectivity of air voids, the relation between total air voids (TAVs) and connected air voids (CAVs) requires a critical review. Permeability of laboratory-compacted

Saudi Arabia tries to build local desalination water stations to supply water to remote areas. Due to the low cost and energy requirements of reverse osmosis (RO) desalination technology, it has been used to supply fresh water to Arar City in the northeast of Saudi Arabia. In this paper, it is proposed to provide an average of 1000 cubic meters of water per day by using autonomous hybrid renewable

Dissimilar materials joining by hybrid FSW involve preheating the harder material ahead of the FSW tool, which reduces the vertical force and improves the weld quality by enhancing the material flow. In this work, both experimental and numerical analyses were conducted for the friction stir welding (FSW) and plasma-assisted friction stir welding (PAFSW) of dissimilar steels such as DH36 shipbuilding

The current research paper was focused on investigating the influence of wire-cut EDM process parameters on material removal rate and surface roughness of Ni–P-coated and un-coated alumina-reinforced composite materials. The stir casting method was used to prepare the composites at weight percentages of 3, 6 and 9. Taguchi’s L18 multi-level orthogonal array (2^1 3^6) was adopted to conduct the experimental

Containers emerged as a lightweight alternative to virtual machines that offer better microservice architecture support. They are widely used by organizations to deploy their increasingly diverse workloads derived from modern applications such as big data, IoT, and edge/fog computing in either proprietary clusters or private, public cloud data centers. With the growing interest in container-based virtualization

In this paper, a chaos-based triple-layer tree parity machine (TLTPM)-guided neural synchronization has been proposed for the development of the public key exchange protocol. A special neural network structure called tree parity machine (TPM) is used for neural synchronization. Two TPMs accept the common input and different weight vectors and update the weights using the neural learning rule by exchanging

In this paper, the open-chain arm containing flexible links connected through telescopic joints is investigated so as to replace robotic chains with revolute joints. In this manipulator, telescopic joints are considered by a simultaneous motion combination of the prismatic and revolute joints. In comparison with revolute–prismatic joints in which prismatic joint hubs are utilized, telescopic joints

This study analyzes the effects of rotor speed, mixing time, and initial temperature on the curing characteristic, mechanical and dynamical properties, as well as the morphology of nanostructured silica/natural rubber composites. The rotor speed, mixing time, and initial temperature settings of the mixer were adjusted in the range of 40–100 rpm, 15–24 min, and 80–100 °C, respectively. Furthermore,

Globally, electronic waste (E-Waste) has grown as a severe concern owing to the increasing quantity of waste and the toxic it. E-Waste includes plastics and metals, which are highly recyclable but which, if not adequately managed, are concerned about the health and the environment by plastic waste and heavy metal traces of additives and chemicals. This article investigates the modeling of game theory

This study aimed to optimize the acidizing efficiency during stimulation treatments with chelating agents. The performance of hydroxylethylethylenediaminetriacetic acid (HEDTA), diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA), and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) in stimulating carbonate rocks were investigated. In this paper, the effect of injection rate, chemical type, pH, and concentration on the

In order to further explore the discharge characteristics of different shaped particles from the inclined bottom hopper, the discharge of four shaped particles from an inclined bottom rectangular hopper was studied based on the discrete element method (DEM). Non-spherical particles were established based on the multi-spheres method. The effects of geometric parameters, particle properties, and interaction

Brazilian cerrado biodiversity plays an important role in different areas, such as food and medicine due to the variety of plant species that can be found. However, this has been poorly studied in order to explore aspects related to food and analysis of crude extracts or isolated compounds. In this context, this contribution aims to determine kinetic and phenomenological models to evaluate the mass

Floating geogrid-reinforced piles provide economic solutions when constructing embankments over areas with soft soil. The combination of piles and geogrids allows for the transfer of stress between the piles and adjacent soil through soil arching and tensioned membrane effects. Furthermore, floating geogrid-reinforced pile foundations can also significantly reduce embankment settlement. However, it

Data mining-based scenarios in construction engineering management have become the mainstream, but in the actual application process, big data mining is still affected by many factors, and some construction enterprises have not realized the importance of big data mining for project management. In this paper, aiming at the problems existing in the quality evaluation of construction projects, this paper

Among alternative transport fuels, biodiesel is an eco-friendly substitute for petrodiesel. The quality of biodiesel is dependent on the composition of feedstock oils used for its preparation. The mathematical/statistical tools are used to determine the biodiesel properties, and their outputs are further compared with experimental results for their consistency and reliability. To reduce the cost, efforts

At present, steam-assisted gravity drainage technology has failed to meet the requirement for the large-scale development of abundant oil sands resources due to high production cost and serious environmental pollution caused by huge amounts of carbon emissions. Therefore, this paper proposes a radio frequency technology for heating oil sands and establishes a corresponding mathematical model that considers

Remote and mobile refineries are designed to utilize local groundwater (if abundantly available) to meet their industrial applications and inner uses. However, groundwater usually suffers hardness and salinity. Therefore, reverse osmosis (RO) technology is applied to treat the groundwater before use. The RO concentrate water stream is mixed with other refinery wastewater effluents resulting in a high

This work presents two new CMOS designs of current mode squarer circuits using a 1.5 V supply. The four-quadrant multiplier has also been designed using proposed squarer circuits. To improve bandwidth, the resistive compensation scheme has been exploited. The input and output signals of proposed circuits are of current type and hence exhibit larger dynamic range contrary to voltage mode circuits. Various

Spirulina Platensis (SP) reinforced semi-interpenetrating polymer networks (S-IPN) were developed using unsaturated polyester (USP) and polyurethane (PU). The concentrations of SP were varied in the polymer matrix. Characterization of the polymer matrix has been carried out using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA)

The security risk assessment is a daunting process that usually requires an in-depth knowledge of the pertinent attack scenarios and the technical understanding of all the security measures implemented in the organization. Small and medium-sized businesses are especially challenged as they can often not operate a full information security department. Sometimes the shortage of security skills and security

Designing of a suitable ‘cell-material’ construct has enabled the regeneration of bone. It was in accordance with the increasing demand for the repair of defective and/or diseased bone tissue. In this research, the relative behavior of the osteoblast-seeded materials was demonstrated. It enabled the selection of the cell-material system for rabbit bone bioengineering studies. Significant role of p

The questionable generation of solar power, wind sources and load demand makes AC microgrids increasingly complicated and presents the frequency oscillations. It is profoundly expected to build up power balance among generation and load demand by planning a suitable controller for frequency oscillations. Thus, in this research article, a novel approach is proposed by considering a modified equilibrium

Controlled blasting technology is an effective way to enhance coalbed methane recovery, but the theoretical research has fallen behind engineering practice seriously. Therefore, in this work, based on the damage and fracture mechanics theory, the coal damage process and mechanism under the multiple actions of the blasting stress wave (BSW) were analyzed firstly. Then, the simulation experiment of coal

Developing a non-platinum (Pt) counter electrode (CE) in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) gained widespread consideration in scientific research. The counter electrode substitutes for Pt should exhibit enhanced conductivity and electrocatalytic nature. In the current work, tungsten trioxide (WO3) has been employed as CE in DSSC considering its wide bandgap and n-type property to replace the expensive

In the current manufacturing methods, improvement in process performance will be resulting in huge benefits to the industries. For the improvement in part or product quality, the machining process must be operating with the optimal parameters, and thus, quality attributes can be produced. It applies to one of the modern machining techniques such as abrasive water jet (AWJ) as the use of this technique

In this article, a theoretical simulation of a modified tubular solar still (TSS) integrated with a rectangular basin painted black color was investigated. The simulation was conducted out using a 2-dimensional computational fluid dynamics by COMSOL metaphysics software. The two different types of phase change materials- PCMs have been used as a heat storage medium; paraffin wax and stearic acid. Influence

The Schiff base ligand (L), 3,4,5-Trimethoxy-N-((3-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylpyridin-4-yl)methylene)benzohydrazide (PLTMBH) was prepared by condensation of pyridoxal and 3,4,5-Trimethoxybenzohydrazide. The metal complexes of the ligand with Ni(II), Cu(II) and Zn(II) ions (M) were synthesized. The complexes were characterized by various spectroscopic IR, 1H-NMR, UV, LC–MS and ESR studies and

A novel mathematical approach has been proposed for input–output range extension of Pseudo-Taylor-Exponential-Approximation (PTEA) for achieving over seven-decade exponential function, while reducing the linearity error by 1 dB and attaining simple coefficients such as to realize this technique in designing the MOSFET based circuit. This new MPTEA technique, has been successfully utilized for its current-mode

Understanding of the flow field and heat transfer in a boiler is important to meet with the often-conflicting objectives of efficient steam generation, safe operation and minimization of pollutant emissions. Steam generation requires high gas temperatures, which often lead to high NOx emissions. High gas temperatures inside the boiler may also lead to slagging and fouling problems, which adversely

As a kind of low strength aggregate, the mechanical properties of sandstone can hardly meet the requirements of current specifications for highway concrete materials. In this study, oblique prestressing technology is used to overcome the shortcomings of the mechanical properties of sandstone and the construction process. Sandstone concrete is used in the road base, and a finite element model of sandstone

A hybrid optimization method for the production of work order group furnaces was proposed in this paper. First, a working order group furnace model was constructed including performance index, the constraint condition and the decision variable to fit the problems in working order group furnaces. The hybrid optimization method consists of an optimal priority and a variable neighborhood search algorithm