Abstract Experimental measurements of the Bragg peak depth by two methods: the air ionization chamber and the digital imaging detector (DIDE) for proton energies of 50, 100, and 170 MeV are compared. The principle of operation of a new detector type, i.e., the DIDE for measuring the energy release region of the proton beam passing through a water phantom is considered. The DIDE detector is a coordinate

Abstract–Numerical calculations and a comparative analysis of light extinction spectra of single silver nanoparticles shaped as sphere, rod, dumbbell, disk, and triangular prism are performed using the FDTD method. The strong dependence of the results for intensities and positions of maxima of localized plasmon resonance peaks on the geometrical shape of particles.

Abstract The all-fiber pulsed erbium laser with intracavity Mach–Zehnder modulator, operating in the Q-switching mode, is implemented. Stable modes of pulsed lasing at a wavelength of 1551 nm are demonstrated. The pulse repetition rate is varied in the range from 9.2 to 27.6 kHz. The pulse durations is varied in the range from 0.66 μs to 1.76 μs. Peak powers are varied in the range from 2.28 W to 0

Abstract Light absorption and scattering spectra of gold nanospheres coated with J-aggregates of TDBC dye are calculated. The effect of multipoles of different orders on the intensity distribution in absorption spectra due to the plasmon—exciton coupling of the nucleus and particle shell was established. The contributions of light absorption and scattering to the extinction cross section are determined

Abstract The results of cosmic-muon calibration of a shower lead-scintillation “sandwich”-type spectrometer of thickness 8.5X0, intended for operation in high-intensity photon and electron beams (~106 particles/s) with energies of 0.1–1.0 GeV are presented. It is found that the relative energy resolution of the spectrometer depends on the angle of cosmic muon entry into the spectrometer in the vertical

Abstract The DANSS detector, i.e., a scintillation detector with a sensitive volume of 1 m3, is installed at the Kalinin Nuclear Power Plant under the reactor on a moving stage. The distance from the detector center to the reactor core center can be varied from 10.9 to 12.9 m. The detector records about 5000 events of inverse beta decay per day with a background level from cosmic muons of the order

Abstract Two ultrastable laser systems for the clock transition spectroscopy in the strontium frequency standard are developed. The high stability of laser radiation frequency is provided by the active loop for frequency referencing to the Fabry–Perot reference cavity. The used cavities are made of glass with ultra-low thermal expansion coefficient and are 48 cm long which provides an extremely low

Abstract The problem of the description of the strong interaction of the InAs/GaAs exciton quantum dot (QD) grown by molecular-beam epitaxy with acoustic phonon and electron reservoirs is studied. A nonperturbative solution to the self-energy function of the exciton quantum dot is found. It is shown that these functions at temperatures higher than 10 K differ significantly from those obtained within

Abstract The relation between birefringence and dielectric susceptibility of helical nanostructures of ferroelectric liquid crystals in an electric field was studied experimentally and theoretically.

Abstract Topological properties of the co-authorship graph are considered as applied to the physical studies in Russia for 2012–2018. Objects of the study are two various weighted graphs; in the first one, edge weights correspond to the number of joint papers of two researchers; in the second one, weights are calculated by the technique accounting for the quality of journals in which joint papers are

Abstract The results of cosmic muon calibration of the extended quadrihedral NaI(Tl) spectrometer are presented. The signal amplitude and energy resolution of the spectrometer in the direction transverse to the spectrometer axis have complex dependences on the photomultiplier voltage and particle entrance point to the spectrometer. At a photomultiplier divider voltage U = 1150 ± 10 V, the region of

Abstract Methods for calculating the frequency of resonant oscillations of rectangular oscillators are considered. The operation of a micromechanical oscillator based on a silicon cantilever was theoretically studied in the problem of measuring the attached object mass. The dependence of mechanical parameters of an oscillator on the arrangement of an active (sensitive) region on the oscillator surface

Abstract The results of simulation of the dielectric resonator in the amplitude detector circuit with a Schottky diode in the range of 100–135 GHz are presented. It is shown that the use of Al2O3 hyperhemisphere on an insulating substrate makes it possible to increase the signal power in the antenna by a factor of 19 due to higher-order resonances in a narrow frequency band near 121 GHz. The resonator

Abstract Zinc selenide crystals doped with iron by high-temperature diffusion in zinc and argon atmospheres are studied by the two-photon confocal microscopy. The effect of the atmosphere on the spectra and spatial distribution of two-photon excited luminescence in the range from 425 to 725 nm is studied. It is shown that doping with zinc results in the absence of impurity-defect centers formed in

Abstract A dispersion relation for magnetoacoustic waves in partially ionized heat-releasing plasma in an external magnetic field is derived in a compact form. The increments of slow and fast modified magnetoacoustic waves are calculated in the case of isentropic instability; their strong dependence on the degree of ionization and frequency of ion—neutral collisions is showed.

Abstract The surface region of the CdS/por-Si/p-Si heterostructure in which the porous layer was formed by metal-assisted etching of the single-crystal p-Si substrate is studied by scanning electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy methods. Experimental results of the CdS film morphology study are processed using two-dimensional detrended fluctuation analysis and average mutual information methods

Abstract Nanosecond electric discharges in atmospheric air at high overvoltages are considered. Plasma channels and diffuse plasma glow simultaneously exist in these discharges. Channels are created by subnanosecond streamers formed in the cathode region. Diffuse glow is caused by runaway electrons emitted by electron avalanche heads. The necessary electric field enhancement is created due to the plasma

Abstract Comparative results of the study of the biological distribution of 68Ga incorporated in NODA aminoglucose in mice organs and tissues with the experimental model of malignant tumor and aseptic inflammation are presented. It is revealed that pathological conditions have no significant effect on the 68Ga-NODA aminoglucose behavior after intravenous administration. The dynamics of activity accumulation

Abstract Characteristics of the calibration quasi-monochromatic secondary electron beam of the S-25R “Pakhra” accelerator of the Lebedev Physical Institute, based on the SP-57 magnet are presented. At the electron beam energy of 280 MeV, a collimator diameter in front of trigger counters of 3 mm, and a copper converter thickness of 1–3 mm, the relative energy resolution and beam intensity are δ = 2

Abstract Neutrons produced during scattering of muon antineutrinos through charged currents in the ND280 near neutrino detector of the T2K experiment are studied. Based on Monte-Carlo simulations of the beam of accelerator antineutrinos with an energy of ~0.6 GeV, the kinematics of the quasi-elastic interaction is reconstructed. Energy and angular distributions of neutrons are obtained, their detection

Abstract Nanostructures of oxides of 3d—5d transient metals: copper, zinc, zirconium, molybdenum, tungsten, and vanadium are synthesized by laser ablation of pure metals in water. Electro-optical and X-ray studies showed that the layered material composing nanostructures is mostly in an amorphous state and apparently consists of molecular clusters no larger than 1—2 nm. The structures of studied oxides

AbstractThe results of the study of one-photon processes of optically induced degradation of photoluminescence intensity of CdS/ZnSe nanocrystals are presented, and mechanisms of this degradation are determined. It is shown that the nanocrystal photodegradation process consists of three components. The first degradation component is caused by Auger recombination activation in photoinduced hole trapping

AbstractTwo-phase noble liquid detectors are widely used in experiments for dark matter search. Ionization signals caused by particle scattering in a noble-gas liquid are commonly recorded using the effect of proportional electroluminescence in the gas phase. In addition to the standard electroluminescence mechanism based on vacuum ultraviolet emission of noble gas excimers, the mechanism of electron

AbstractThe structure of gamma spectrometry systems for decommissioning nuclear facilities is considered. Physicotechnical characteristics of a xenon gamma spectrometer being a main device for measuring gamma spectra of analyzed objects and determining their activity are presented. The practicability of xenon gamma spectrometers in decommissioning nuclear facilities is shown. The data obtained using

AbstractIt is shown that direct measurements of the gain of weak signals of an active element irradiated by a probe laser can give a result much lower than that measured by the lasing threshold. A possible cause of such disagreement is discussed.

AbstractThe one-dimensional non-relativistic dust-acoustic soliton is considered in the model of plasma with cold positively charged dust particles, warm ions, and relativistic thermal electrons (taking into account trapping of the latter). The influence of an increase in the electron temperature is shown.

AbstractUsing the data collected by the CMS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider in collisions of protons with a center-of-mass energy of 8 TeV, excited P-wave states \({\text{B}}_{{{\text{s}}2}}^{ * }{{(5840)}^{0}}\) and Bs1(5830)0 of the \({\text{B}}_{{\text{s}}}^{0}\) meson are studied. The decay \({\text{B}}_{{{\text{s}}2}}^{ * }{{(5840)}^{0}} \to {{{\text{B}}}^{0}}{\text{K}}_{{\text{s}}}^{0}\)

AbstractThe dependence of the threshold intensity of the electron beam (EB) on the pulse shape and duration upon lasing excitation in a laser semiconductor target (ST) is considered. It is shown that a minimum EB threshold intensity can be reached before the pulse end in the case of sinusoidal pulses. The possibility of decreasing the EB threshold intensity and laser radiation duration under the ST

AbstractThe effects of the nuclear structure from two-photon exchange amplitudes in the hyperfine structure of P-states in muonic ions of lithium, beryllium, and boron are calculated. The operator of particle interaction in momentum space is constructed using the method of projection operators on states with certain total momenta of the atom F and muon J. Corrections to the nucleus structure are expressed

Abstract—A method combining phase-sensitive optical coherence microscopy (OCM) and optical tweezers for studying mechanical properties of microobjects including biological cells is implemented. The process of microbead trapping was studied using the developed method. The response of the red blood cell (dyscocyte and spherocyte) membrane to the optical tweezer excitation is measured.

AbstractAll published to date experimental wavenumber values (ν, cm–1) for electronic-vibro-rotational transitions of the H2 molecule are statistically analyzed in the vacuum wavelength range 1/ν = 600—610 nm. It is shown that a direct comparison of all datasets of various authors is blocked by the absence of deconvolving of measured spectra, blending of neighbor lines (an overlap of their profiles)

AbstractIn this study, to separate electron- and proton-induced cascades in the calorimeter at energies above 300 GeV, it is proposed to use the difference in the cascade absorption lengths of these particles. The applicability of the proposed criterion to reject hadron events in selecting electron-induced cascades in the “PAMELA” calorimeter is studied. The efficiency and applicability limits of this

AbstractA prototype of a mobile fiber-optic accelerometer in which a multiturn optomechanical transducer placed in a fiber-optic Mach–Zehnder interferometer interferometer arm is used as a sensitive element is developed and studied. Passive phase demodulation using a fiber-optic splitter 3 × 3 maintains stable accelerometer operation in the case of a temperature drift of an operating point. The detectability

Abstract—The properties of the aberrational pattern resulting from the self-action of the light radiation mode TEM01 in liquid-crystal systems are studied. It is found that the interference of light rays corresponding to two peaks of intensity and nonlinear phase shift leads to the formation of a system of fringes in the Fraunhofer region; their angular period is controlled by the distance between

AbstractBy measuring low-temperature photoluminescence, we demonstrated the role of interface blurring and the introduction of background impurities in the formation of the single-electron spectrum of GaAs/AlxGa1–xAs quantum well heterostructures used to fabricate mid-IR photodetectors. Background impurities, having a noticeable effect on the emission spectrum of quantum wells, do not affect their

AbstractThe results of Monte Carlo calculations of the drift characteristics of metal ions (Li, Be, Al, Fe, Cu, W, Hg, and Au) in a constant uniform electric field 1 < E/N < 1000 Td in helium are presented. The dependences of the mobility, longitudinal and transverse diffusion coefficients, and mean kinetic energy of ions, as well as their longitudinal and transverse temperatures, on the electric field

Abstract—Evolution of the fine structure of dislocation microphotoluminescence lines in cadmium telluride with a decrease in the optical-excitation power density has been demonstrated at low (5 K) temperatures. The character of this evolution for each of the three bands under investigation (Y1 (~1.47 eV), Y2 (~1.49 eV), and Y3 (~1.51 eV)) indicates the existence of a transition from electron–hole plasma

AbstractThe structure of the layered SrxBi2Se3 crystals characterized by the nematic superconductivity has been studied. It is shown that the higher the degree of the superconducting and structural nematicity, the stronger the deviation of the block boundary orientation from the crystal c axis. This indicates that the block grows at an angle to the basal planes, rather than along them. This growth

Abstract—In the detectors currently being developed for experiments on the next-generation lepton colliders, highly granular calorimeters are to be used. In particular, the hadron calorimeter is planned to be assembled from scintillation cells with direct readout of light by silicon photomultipliers. According to the results of experimental measurements of the light collection in a cell developed for

Abstract—DANSS is a highly segmented scintillator detector with a sensitive volume of 1 m3. The detector is located at the Kalinin Nuclear Power Plant under the reactor core on a moving platform. The distance from the detector center to the reactor center is varied from 10.7 to 12.7 m. The inverse beta decay reaction is used to detect antineutrino. DANSS detects about 5000 events per day with the background

AbstractFor the first time, pharmaceutical tablet coating thickness is measured by combined Raman spectrometry (RS) and laser induced breakdown spectrometry (LIBS) techniques. Measurements by two methods (RS and LIBS) are performed during a single pump lamp flash of a pulsed Nd:YAG laser in the double pulse lasing mode. This approach combining a probe laser pulse (RS) followed by an ablating laser

AbstractViscoelastic nanocomposites based on a matrix of semidilute aqueous solutions of entangled wormlike (polymer-like) micelles of a cationic surfactant and aluminosilicate nanoplates of montmorillonite clay, efficiently acting as crosslinks, were prepared and studied. The produced materials represent a new type of a self-assembling nanocomposite system. The results of changes in viscoelastic properties

Abstract—Quantum-mechanical ab initio calculations are applied to study the growth mechanism of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons via reactions of 1- and 2‑naphthyl with propyne (methylacetylene) and allene (1,2‑propadiene). It was shown that stabilized isomers С13Н11 are mostly formed at temperatures <1000 K. At temperatures above 1000 K, the yield of bimolecular three-ring products C13H10 + H and

AbstractThe geoeffectiveness of single and complex transient structures of the solar wind (SW), formed by coronal mass ejections (CMEs) and associated Forbush decreases (FDs) in the cosmic ray flux is considered. By the example of the period of 2010–2011, it is shown that complex SW structures resulting from the interaction of CMEs with high-speed streams from coronal holes or with other CMEs in the

AbstractThe scheme and components of a wide field-of-view meter-wavelength radio telescope prototype developed based on an antenna array consisting of 128 dipoles is described. The operating frequency range is 38–74 MHz. Main parameters of the future prototype are presented and versions of its development are discussed.

AbstractMolecular mechanisms of the participation of proteins in reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation resulting from the singlet-oxygen effect upon laser exposure in solutions of various proteins are considered. The kinetic equations describing ROS generation are derived, and their approximate general solution is found in the analytical form. By comparison of the found kinetic dependences with

Abstract—Laser-induced plasma channels (LIPC) formed during the interaction of ultrashort laser pulses with argon are studied. LIPC characteristics are studied at various pressures.

AbstractA method for calculating the critical state of inhomogeneous superconducting films using the Ginzburg–Landau (GL) theory is proposed. From the condition of minimizing the functional of the GL free energy, a system of equations describing the superconducting state of an inhomogeneous plate is derived. The dependences of the critical current of the plate on the external magnetic field are numerically

Abstract—Structural features of current sheets formed in laboratory experiments in plasma with ions of different mass are compared based on dimensionless parameters and compared with the values of Hall currents.

Abstract—The self-similarity effect during rarefied water vapor flow between two finite-volume vessels is repeatedly recorded with a similarity coefficient of 3/4. The concept of hybrid water molecules is defined and a theoretical model describing the behavior of such molecules when sampling a water vapor is constructed. The model describes translational motion of water molecules near the gas–condensed

Abstract—The flux density vector of the electromagnetic energy in the Poynting form and the problem of the electron electromagnetic momentum, associated with this definition, are considered. The alternative flux density definition, i.e., the Umov vector whose value is identical to the Poynting vector only for empty space, is also analyzed. For qualitative comparison of differential and integral values

Abstract—Within the kinetic theory of extensive air shower (EAS), an approach to calculating electron charge excess radio emission is formulated. Using the Tamm formula, emission of each electron of the shower disk is calculated taking into account its spatial distribution, temporal evolution along the EAS track, electron energy spectrum, and multiple scattering. Radiation from all EAS tracks is summed

AbstractCe3+, P5+, Ca2+, and Zn2+ ion doped Gd2SiO5 crystals are grown by the Czochralski method. The pulsed cathodoluminescence spectra, light yield, and scintillation time under gamma excitation are studied. It is first shown that additional doping with P5+ phosphorus ions decreases crystal cracking in the fabrication of scintillation elements, and increases the scintillation light yield in comparison

AbstractIt is urgent to use a “warm liquid” TMS in large massive calorimeters (with a volume of several hundred liters). This direction in modern nuclear physics is referred to as “non-accelerator” experiments with low-background detectors. Such experiments are associated with the solution of most important problems to understand the Universe structure and search for new particles. These are the well-known

AbstractThe consideration of equilibrium radiation in plasma-like media shows that the spectral energy distribution of such radiation differs from that of Planck equilibrium radiation. Based on the previously derived relation for the spectral energy density of equilibrium radiation in the system of charged particles, accounting for finite damping in a medium with spatial dispersion, the limiting case

AbstractThe shape of soft X-ray spectra and energy confinement dynamics is studied in experiments on central ECR heating with a power to 1 MW using the L-2M stellarator. It is shown that the spectra remain two-temperature with increasing heating power. In this case, the average electron energy in the epithermal spectral region increases reaching 25% of the average energy over the entire spectrum at

AbstractLinear equations describing the dynamics of small perturbations in partially ionized heat-releasing plasma in an external magnetic field with an arbitrary induction vector are obtained. Using these equations, a dispersion relation for condensation modes is derived, and their time increments are calculated in the case of isobaric instability in the presence of anisotropy of the plasma thermal

AbstractThe external metric in the Schwarzschild problem is considered using the source theory in the G2-approximation within general relativity and phenomenologically a three-graviton vertex following from the field theory. It is shown that in the mass defect terms \({{g}_{{00}}}\) is identical in both approaches and is consistent with the Newtonian one. In the spatial region, it is probably different

AbstractReflectance spectra of thin Pb1 –xSnxTe films (~60 nm) with x = 0.25, 0.53, and 0.59, grown by MBE on hybrid GaAs/CdTe substrates, are measured in the frequency range of 20–5500 cm–1 and the temperature range of 5–300 K. The temperature dependence of transverse optical phonon frequencies and structural phase transition temperatures are determined based on a dispersion analysis. An increase

Luminescence characteristics of Nd3+ coordination compounds with pyrazole-substituted 1,3-diketonate ligand environment in KBr micropellets are studied. The luminescence decay times and the external quantum efficiencies are measured, intrinsic luminescence lifetimes of the Nd3+ ion in the complexes are estimated. The luminescence characteristics of the complexes in KBr micropellets and in DMSO solutions