In the present article, Lie group of point transformations method is successfully applied to study the invariance properties of the \((2+1)\)-dimensional Pavlov equation. Applying the Lie symmetry method, we strictly obtain the infinitesimals, vector fields, commutation relation and several interesting symmetry reductions of the equation. The explicit exact solutions are derived under some limiting

The phenomenon of heat conduction is important in semiconductor devices. This property is investigated on the basis of modified Callway model. The formalism was carried out using Hamiltonian, phonon Green’s function and equation of motion techniques for various scattering events. It was found that every scattering mechanism is independent of each other and does not affect the others. The thermal conductivity

Sotalol hydrochloride (STHCl) is a cardiovascular agent, specifically an antiarrhythmic and beta-blocker, that can be used regularly for an extended period. However, it may have side effects, such as weakness and slow heart rate (bradycardia). Currently, techniques such as capillary zone electrophoresis and high-performance liquid chromatography have been widely used for the determination of sotalol

The current work deals with the nonlinear azimuthal stability analysis of coupled interfaces between three magnetic fluids. The considered system consists of three incompressible rotating magnetic fluids throughout the porous media. Additionally, the system is pervaded by a uniform azimuthal magnetic field. Therefore, for simplicity, the problem is considered in a planar configuration. The adopted

In this article, we study thermal entanglement between two-coupled two-level atoms interacting with a single-mode cavity field. The cavity mode is assumed to be initially in the vacuum state and the detuning parameter is large. The thermal entanglement in this two-qubit system is quantified in terms of the concurrence, as a proper measure for two-qubit mixed states. We investigate how the thermal entanglement

We performed an investigation on the behaviour of the electrical parameters of ultrathin Cu(In,Ga)Se\(_{\mathrm {2}}\) (CIGS) solar cells buffered with Zn(O,S). Using one-dimensional simulations and by defining a new structure, we achieved a significant reduction of the absorber and the buffer layers to evaluate the changes in the cell’s performance. The simulation results revealed that a good optimisation

In the present work, dye-sensitised solar cell (DSSC) is fabricated using natural dye (Tecoma Stans)-sensitised \(\hbox {TiO}_{\mathrm {2\, }}\) as the photoanode, platinum as the counter electrode and lithium iodide and iodine as the electrolyte. Initially, \(\hbox {TiO}_{\mathrm {2\, }}\) nanoparticles are synthesised by the sol–gel technique using glacial acetic acid as the hydrolysing agent. The

Boron carbide (\(\hbox {B}_{\mathrm {4}}\hbox {C}\)) has been widely used in nuclear reactors and nuclear applications. In this work, the high-purity (99.9%) \(\hbox {B}_{\mathrm {4}}\hbox {C}\) samples were irradiated using a gamma source (\(^{\mathrm {60}}\hbox {Co}\)) with a dose rate (D) of 0.27 Gy/s at different gamma irradiation doses at room temperature. Phase and microstructural characterisation

Due to the exponential attenuation of photons in materials, thick samples will attenuate a large portion of photons. This is a source of error in methods such as neutron activation analysis, which use gamma spectroscopy to characterise a radioactive source. A method is developed to quantify the magnitude of self-shielding with the help of MCNP6. Then the mass of an unknown sample is determined by comparing

In this analysis, the mixed convection boundary layer MHD flow of non-Newtonian Carreau fluid subjected to Soret and Dufour effects over a moving vertical plate is studied. The governing flow equations are converted into a set of non-linear ordinary differential equations using suitable transformations. For numerical computations, bvp4c in MATLAB package is used to solve the resulting equations. Impacts

In this work, we have investigated the structural, electronic and thermodynamic properties of GaP\(_{1-x}\)Sb\(_{x}\) and AlP\(_{1-x}\)Sb\(_{x}\) ternary alloys for a number of ordered structures and compositions in a series of first-principles calculations within the density functional theory, using full potential-linearised augmented plane-wave (FP-LAPW) method, as implemented in the WIEN2k code

We explain how the invariant subspace method can be extended to a scalar and coupled system of time-space fractional partial differential equations. The effectiveness and applicability of the method have been illustrated using time-space (i) fractional diffusion-convection equation, (ii) fractional reaction-diffusion equation, (iii) fractional diffusion equation with source term, (iv) two-coupled system

In this work, we present the effect of electric field on 4-(trans-4\('\)-n-alkyl-cyclohexyl) isothiocyanate-benzene (nCHBT) liquid crystal (LC) molecules. Under the influence of an electric field, the birefringence exhibits the even–odd effect while order parameter, HOMO–LUMO gap, magic angle, isotropic polarisability, range of director angle and the refractive index do not exhibit any even–odd effect

In this paper, M-lump and interaction between lumps and kink solitons of the \((2+1)\)-dimensional Caudrey–Dodd–Gibbon–Kotera–Sawada equation are studied based on Hirota bilinear form. M-lump solutions are derived by taking a ‘long wave’ limit of the N-soliton solutions, and the lump–kink solutions are presented consequently. In addition, evolutions of solutions are shown by choosing certain parameters

Recently, Zevallos et al [Phys. Rev. C99, 064613 (2019)] measured, for the first time, the elastic scattering data of \(^{12}\hbox {B}+{}^{58}\hbox {Ni}\) reaction at \(E_{\text {Lab}} = 30.0\) and 33.0 MeV. For the first time, we show a comprehensive theoretical analysis of the experimental data of \(^{12}\hbox {B}+{}^{58}\hbox {Ni}\) reaction. First, we propose alternative density distributions for

In the recently published paper

In this paper, we construct isospectral Hamiltonians without shape-invariant potentials for the relativistic quantum mechanical potentials such as the Dirac oscillator and hydrogen-like atom.

Selecting the asymmetric Gaussian (AG) potential to describe the confinement of electron in a disk-shaped quantum dot (QD), the ground state and the first excited state energy and wave function of the system are derived by using the Lee\(\hbox {--}\)Low\(\hbox {--}\)Pines (LLP) Pekar transformation variational method, and the two-level structure required for a qubit is constructed. The influence of

The one- plus two-body isospin non-conserving nuclear interactions, namely the isovector and isotensor ones, are included in the prediction of the energies of the ground state and the low-lying states of the fp shell nuclei using spectral distribution theory. This in turn is used to calculate the linear term in the isobaric mass-multiplet equation and the predictions are then compared with experimental

Meminductor is a novel nonlinear inductor with memory. A meminductor-based chaotic oscillating circuit that has only two linear resistors, two linear capacitors and a meminductor, is designed based on a mathematical model of the flux-controlled meminductor to study its characteristics in nonlinear circuit. Through the analysis of bifurcations, dynamic map and Lyapunov exponents, it is found that the

In this study, fast neutron removal cross-section and \(\gamma \)-ray shielding capabilities in terms of mass attenuation coefficient (\(\mu _{m}\)), transmission fractions (T), effective atomic numbers (Z\(_{\mathrm {eff}}\)), half-value layer (HVL) and exposure build-up factors (EBF) of the \(64\hbox {TeO}_2+15\hbox {ZnO}+(20-x)\hbox {CdO} +x\hbox {BaO}+1\hbox {V}_2\hbox {O}_5\) (\(x = 0, 5, 10,

In this paper, we study a model of two two-level atoms interacting with a quantum field. An analytical solution is obtained which is used to study the information entropy of the system. It is shown that the nonlinear term plays a significant role in the behaviour of the minimum uncertainty (MU) compared with the concurrence (C). Our extensive study of information entropy of atoms–field interaction

This article studies a class of fin problems with two nonlinear terms arising from thermal conductivity and convection heat transfer coefficient. A one-dimensional convective straight fin is analysed for exponentially temperature-dependent thermal conductivity and exponentially temperature-dependent heat transfer coefficient. The exact fin temperature excess, heat transfer rate and fin efficiency are

A modified version of the typical Chua’s circuit, which possesses a periodic external excitation and a piecewise nonlinear resistor, is considered to investigate the possible bursting oscillations and the dynamical mechanism in the Filippov system. Two new symmetric periodic bursting oscillations are observed when the frequency of external excitation is far less than the natural one. Besides the conventional

In this paper, the probability density function (PDF) and the mean up-crossing rate of nonlinear ship rolling in random beam seas are investigated. The excitation of stationary random sea waves is approximated as a second-order linear filtered white noise. The Fokker–Planck–Kolmogorov (FPK) equation governing the probability density function of ship rolling is a four-dimensional linear partial differential

In the present work, we have searched for the existence of anisotropic and non-singular compact star in the f(R, T) gravity by taking into account the non-exotic equation of state (EoS). In order to obtain the solutions of the matter content of the compact object, we assume the well-known barotropic form of EoS that yields the linear relation between pressures and energy density. We propose the existence

In this work, we solve time, space and time-space fractional Schrödinger equations based on the non-singular Caputo–Fabrizio derivative definition for 1D infinite-potential well problem. To achieve this, we first work out the fractional differential equations defined in terms of Caputo–Fabrizio derivative. Then, the eigenvalues and the eigenfunctions of the three kinds of fractional Schrödinger equations

This paper gives multiswitching synchronisation scheme for a class of fractional-order chaotic systems by combining active and adaptive control theories. Adaptive controllers have been designed by using different laws of switching and fractional-order Lyapunov stability theory. We have also constructed a new fractional-order Duffing system. The fractional-order Duffing system and fractional-order

The behavior of solution trajectories usually changes if we replace the classical derivative in a system with a fractional one. In this article, we throw light on the relation between two trajectories X(t) and Y(t) of such a system, where the initial point Y(0) is at some point \(X(t_1)\) of the trajectory X(t). In contrast with classical systems, these trajectories X and Y do not follow the same path

We theoretically investigate a five-level closed-loop M-type atomic system and a three-level closed-loop \(\Lambda \)-system in hot atomic vapour. In contrast to closed-loop \(\Lambda \)-system, two unpopulated ground states of the M-system are coupled by a microwave field. We find that thermal averaging in the M-system causes many interesting modification of probe absorption lineshape including narrowing

The paper investigates a class of long-wave unstable lubrication model using Lie theory. A nonlinear self-adjoint classification of the considered equation is carried out. Without having to go into microscopic details of the physical aspects, non-trivial conservation laws are computed. Then, minimal set of Lie point symmetries of the discussed model is classified up to one-dimensional conjugacy classes

Ni–Co–Cu–Mn Ferrite \(+\) PZT (\({\hbox {PbZr}}_{0.52} {\hbox {Ti}}_{0.48} {\hbox {O}}_{3}\)) ferroelectric: composite thick films were prepared by the screen-printing method. The normal XRD and the low glancing angle XRD confirm the presence of both phases in the composite thick films. Back-scattered SEM shows 0-3 and 3-3 types of connectivity. The magnetic ordering of the ferrite phase was confirmed

First-principle computations on structural and electronic properties of cubic rare-earth \(\hbox {ErX}_{{3}}\) (\(\hbox {X}= \hbox {Ga}\), In and Sn) intermetallic compounds have been accomplished using the full-potential linearised augmented plane wave (FP-LAPW) method within the framework of density functional theory (DFT). For the exchange correlation, we used local spin density approximation (LSDA)

The extensions of the Standard Model based on the \(SU(3)_{C} \otimes SU(3)_{L} \otimes U(1)_{X}\) gauge group are known as 331 models. Different properties such as the fermion assignment and the electric charges of the exotic spectrum, that define a particular 331 model, are fixed by a \(\beta \) parameter. In this article, we study the electric charge quantisation in two versions of the 331 models

We present first-principles calculations on the structural, mechanical, electronic, thermodynamic, lattice dynamic and magnetic properties of RbN in the CsCl, rocksalt (Rs) and zinc-blende (ZB) structures centred on spin-polarised density functional theory (DFT). It was established that in all the three structures, ferromagnetic (FM) state is more stable than the non-magnetic (NM) state. The results

A pseudopotential approach is used to study the lattice and elastic properties of the wide band-gap GaN at zero and high pressures up to 120 kbar. When the pressure is 0 kbar, our findings are generally in agreement with the data reported in the literature. The pressure dependence of lattice constant, polarity, transverse effective charge, elastic constants and their related mechanical parameters,

We investigate the impact of a constant force excitation on the dynamics of a simple jerk system with piecewise quadratic nonlinearity. We demonstrate that in the presence of the forcing term, the model is asymmetric yielding more complex and striking bifurcation patterns such as parallel bifurcation branches, coexisting multiple asymmetric attractors, hysteretic dynamics, crises, and coexisting asymmetric

Ion-acoustic solitary waves (IASWs) in plasma consisting of ions, positrons and superthermal electrons in two distinct temperatures have been studied. The reductive perturbation method (RPM) has been employed to derive the Korteweg–de Vries and modified KdV equation. Numerical and analytical studies show that compressive and rarefactive solitons exist for the selected parametric range depending on

We investigate the effect of two aperiodic square waves in a quasiperiodically-driven Murali–Lakshmanan–Chua circuit. It is found that the response of the circuit produces logical output in both strange nonchaotic and chaotic regions. Changing the biasing of the circuit changes the response of the circuit into another kind of logic operation and SR flip flop. Further, we show how this circuit produces

This study aims to obtain travelling wave solutions of the doubly dispersive equation in nonlinear dynamic elasticity by the sine-Gordon expansion method. We give physical explanation of the presented solutions under suitable parameters via the 3D, 2D and contour simulations.

The influence of radiation on the thermodynamic properties of liquid systems that are governed by the radiation-induced change in the chemical potentials of the liquid and its components has been studied. The irradiation of coexisting phases in the stationary state is shown to result in a shift of the phase transition point parameters. The temperature shift of the first-order phase transition under

The influence of metal ion to hydroxide ion (\(\hbox {Me}^{\mathrm {2+}}/\hbox {OH}^{-})\) ratio on the synthesis of \(\hbox {Mn}_{\mathrm {0.5}}\hbox {Zn}_{\mathrm {0.5}}\hbox {Fe}_{{2}}\hbox {O}_{{4}}\) (MZ5) ferrite nanoparticles is reported. The aim of this low-temperature co-precipitation technique is to produce MZ5 nanoparticles with different sizes in single domain range. The variation in \(\hbox

This paper aims at the detailed numerical analysis of a cyclic three species predator–prey model where the prey consumes only a part of the super-predator population. Such a model exists only when the prey acts as an omnivore. Here, we have investigated the dynamical behaviour of the prey, middle predator and super-predator. All the possible equilibrium points of the model are computed and the existence

The non-contact excitation of multiple piezoelectric components (PZT) through bidirectional electric field transmission system has been explored. In the proposed technique, two parallel plate capacitor-like structures have been designed with a pair of ground copper electrodes along with a live copper electrode, and two PZT plates are equidistantly placed in between each live and ground electrode. Experimentally

The amines are major source of environment pollutants emitted in atmosphere from various anthropogenic sources. The non-thermal plasma (NTP)-based technology has proved successful in controlling the emitted amines reaching the atmosphere. The efficient NTP reactors rely on accurate electron–molecule collision data. The electron impact cross-sections are thus obtained for a few amines from ionisation

It is not a trivial task to answer whether a free fermion-based architecture for a quantum computer can efficiently execute basic gates such as the Fredking gate. We show that a set of free fermions can efficiently execute Fredkin gate.

The present study investigates the heat and mass transfer of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) free convection through two infinite plates embedded with porous materials. In addition to that the combined effect of viscous dissipation, heat source/sink considered in energy equation and thermodiffusion effect is taken care of in the mass transfer equation. Using suitable non-dimensional variables, the expressions

This paper declares a new spectral collocation technique to provide accurate approximate solutions of the one- and two-dimensional time and space fractional coupled Burgers’ equations (TSFCBEs) in which the fractional derivatives are defined according to Caputo’s definition. The suggested method is based on the shifted Gegenbauer polynomials (SGPs) for approximating the solution of TSFCBEs. The suggested

One-neutron pickup reactions for 52 projectile–target combinations were analysed using a systematics between transfer cross-sections and ground-state Q-values. One-neutron pickup transfer shows a good correlation between reduced transfer cross-sections and ground-state Q-values (\(Q_{gg}\)) if one separate the systems into two groups based on their \(Z_{p}Z_{t}\) product. Also, similar kind of systematics

We have explored multiple solutions for non-Newtonian Casson nanofluid flow past a moving extending sheet under the influence of variable thermal conductivity and nonlinear radiation through a permeable medium with convective boundary conditions. The governing equations are transformed to ODEs by similarity transformations and then solved numerically by the Chebyshev pseudospectral (CPS) method. Dual

This article addresses the heat and mass transport phenomena by performing a theoretical analysis of three-dimensional viscous fluid flow containing gyrotactic micro-organisms over a nonlinear stretched surface. Variable magnetic field is considered normal to the stretched surface to control the fluid flow. Thermal transportation is discussed in view of variable thermal conductivity. Variable characteristics

In this study, a new detector is designed based on CR-39, and separately calibrated for protons, neutrons and \(\upalpha \)-particles under the same etching condition. To that end, an americium–beryllium standard source (\({}^{241}\hbox {Am--Be}\)) and a plexiglass phantom for neutron irradiation, brass collimators and an americium standard source (\({}^{241}\hbox {Am})\) for alpha irradiation, as

In this paper, we present an analytical solution for the system of two-level semiconductor quantum dot. In addition, we discuss the rates of the photon radiative and phonon radiationless transitions from the excited state \( (\alpha _{12}, \alpha _{21}),\) the rate of processes of pure dephasing \( (\gamma )\), the detuning parameter (\(\Delta \)) and the Rabi frequency (\(\Omega \)), on the atomic

The Hall current in MHD flow stimulates substantial interest of researchers because of its wide role in many geophysical, astrophysical and fluid engineering situations (construction of turbines, Hall accelerator and centrifugal machines). Motivated by such wide applications, the present work reports the influence of Hall current and thermal radiation on the three-dimensional Jeffrey fluid flow over

A memristive chaotic system of rotational symmetry is constructed and analysed. The dynamical behaviour of the system is demonstrated by phase trajectories, Lyapunov exponents and bifurcation diagrams. Coexisting attractors are observed and a simple approach for amplitude control is proposed according to the specific structure. It shows that this symmetric memristive system has partial amplitude control

A wide range of two-dimensional nonlinear wave is described by Kadomtsev–Petviashvili (KP) equation. We obtained the classification of travelling wave patterns to the generalised KP equation with high-order nonlinear dispersive and dissipative terms. Among these patterns, some new phenomena can be acquired for the first time. Representations of wave propagation patterns were achieved by taking specific

This article aims to present the flow and heat transfer characteristics of a nanofluid past an elastic sheet having variable thickness in the presence of a magnetic field. Vanishing nanoparticle flux at the boundary has been taken into account for the passive control of nanoparticles. Two-phase model for the nanofluid has been considered. With the help of similarity transformations, the governing nonlinear

A systematic generalised approach to find transport observables for a linear array of different quantum dot (QD) systems has been discussed, using non-equilibrium Green function (NEGF) formalism, in the presence of on-dot Coulomb interaction and inter-dot tunnelling. The equation of motion (EOM) method has been used to derive expressions for Green functions (GFs) within the simplest mean-field approximation

In this study, we are going to obtain the energy spectrum and the corresponding solution of the non-central Makarov potential. In this case, we consider the arbitrary angular momentum with quantum number l. In order to calculate the energy spectrum and eigenfunction we use the factorisation method. The factorisation method leads us to discuss the shape-invariance condition with respect to any index

The nonlinear propagation of dust-acoustic waves (DAWs) and associated dust-acoustic rogue waves (DARWs), which are governed by the nonlinear Schrödinger equation, is theoretically investigated in a four-component plasma medium containing inertial warm negatively charged dust grains and inertialess non-thermal distributed electrons as well as isothermal positrons and ions. The modulationally stable