In this article, contrary to what is known previously, a randomized dusty plasma model is introduced. In this new issue, the uncertain properties of the plasma nonlinear system are assumed as continuous random variables. Hence, a comprehensive probabilistic behavior of the interesting characteristics of the dusty plasma wave is presented through computing the first probability density functions and

Calcareous deposits are one of the most common alterations that archaeological ceramics can exhibit, and they can damage their artistic and historical values. For this reason, it becomes necessary to remove these deposits. However, there is no agreement in the conservation field about the conditions of the cleaning treatments. Moreover, little has been studied about the consequences that archaeological

We devise a numerical method for the long-term integration of a class of damped second order stochastic mechanical systems. The introduced numerical scheme has the advantage of being completely explicit for general nonlinear systems, while in contrast with other commonly used integrators, it has the ability to compute the evolution of the system with high stability and precision in very large time

Thermohaline convection in a sparsely packed porous medium is studied due to horizontal magnetic field, using both linear and weakly nonlinear stability analyses. The Darcy–Lapwood–Brinkman (DLB) model is employed as the momentum equation. In the linear stability analysis, the normal mode technique is used to find the thermal critical Rayleigh number which is a function of q, Da, \(\Lambda \), \(R_2\)

The current work puts forward a finite element (FE)-based numerical formulation to evaluate the nonlinear deflections of multifunctional sandwich composite (MSC) shells. These shells possess a viscoelastic core, and face sheets made of functionally graded carbon nanotube-reinforced magneto-electro-elastic (FG-CNTMEE) materials. The viscoelastic core is considered to be temperature-dependent and is

We obtain analytical solutions of the generalized Klein–Gordon relativistic quantum oscillator for spin-zero bosons in the presence of a non-central potential under the influence of a point-like global monopole space-time. The non-central potential consists of r- and \(\theta \)-dependent potentials \(S(r, \theta )\), and our generalized oscillator involves a function f(r), such that the radial part

Two-dimensional thermoelectric materials have been extensively explored in recent years for their potential to recycle waste heat into clean energy. Herein, we investigate the thermoelectric properties of hexagonal- and square-shaped monolayers of ZnO for renewable energy applications. These monolayers have been originated from the 110- and 011-facets of β-BeO type structured ZnO (β-BeO-ZnO). To execute

We are presenting the transverse momentum \(p_{T}\) distributions of the strange hadrons: \(K_{s}^{0}\), \(\Lambda \) and \(\Xi ^{-}\) produced in proton–proton and proton–lead collisions at \(\sqrt{s_{NN}}=\;7\ TeV\) in the rapidity interval of \(\left| y\right| <2\) and for \(0

In cosmology, de Sitter geometry is a model of an accelerated expansion of the universe. This geometry is obtained from the solution of the Einstein field equations with positive cosmological constant. This study focuses on the apparent shapes formed by reflecting the light rays emitted from the point light source according to the timelike mirror curve on the de Sitter 3-space. Then, the reflected

We establish first-order Darboux transformations for the two-dimensional Dirac equation with diagonal matrix potential. The potential is allowed to depend arbitrarily on both variables. The systems we consider here include the scenario of a position-dependent mass as well as the massless case. Our Darboux transformations are more general than their existing counterparts (Pozdeeva and Schulze-Halberg

An investigation of the effect of an asymmetric electric field on the enhancement of heat transfer and the electrohydrodynamic (EHD)-induced flow strength in a double-wall-heated channel is numerically studied by the Q criterion. A set of case studies are carried out for a double-wall-heated channel model to analyze the influence of the key contributing EHD parameters; Reynolds number and the configuration

The aim of this study was the application of image-based techniques on the texts and painted elements of a manuscript whose date of manufacture is attributable to the twelfth century. The application of the proposed methodology resulted in documentation of the ink and pigment types used, the change on writings, the repainting on some old initial letters with more artistic initials of later times, as

Study on complicated flows around bluff bodies is significant in terms of flow physics and various engineering applications. In the current paper, a simulation of the flow past an elliptical moving belt along with the Magnus effect in a transitional flow regime was performed. The angle of attack and rotational speed of the moving belt were considered as the variable parameters at a fixed Reynolds number

A prototype of krypton Hall-effect thruster (HET) of 0.5 kW nominal power and a dedicated diagnostic system for ion current collection were designed in the laboratory of plasma space propulsion (PlaNS) of the Institute of Plasma Physics and Laser Microfusion (IPPLM) in Warsaw. The diagnostic system consisting of a collimated Faraday Cup (FC) and a Planar Probe with Guarding Ring, named also Faraday

In our work, we demonstrate a 4H-SiC gate-all-around cylindrical nanowire junctionless (GAA-NWJL) metal oxide field effect transistor (MOSFET) with a negative capacitance (NC) in 20 nm gate length. This paper obtains a subthreshold swing (SS) lower than 60 mV/decade, which is the critical point in conventional MOSFETs. Also, a low drain-induced barrier lowering (DIBL) has been achieved at 21 mV/V.

The quartic gauge boson couplings that identify the strengths of the gauge boson self-interactions are exactly determined by the non-Abelian gauge nature of the Standard Model. The examination of these couplings at ep collisions with high center-of-mass energy and high integrated luminosity provides an important opportunity to test the validity of the Standard Model and the existence of new physics

In this article, size-dependent modeling and analysis of thermoelastic coupling effect on the oscillations of Timoshenko nanobeams are carried out. Small-scale effect on the nanostructure and heat conduction is taken into account with the aid of nonlocal strain gradient theory (NSGT) together with dual-phase-lag (DPL) heat conduction model. In order to illustrate the influence of nonclassical scale

In this paper, the laminar boundary layer flow over a flat plate, governed by the Prandtl equations, has been studied numerically. The problem is a dimensionless third-order system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations which arises in boundary layer flow. This system is solved using an orthogonal basis for the space of cubic splines (O-splines), as an approximation tool. Some new properties

Glass samples of structural formula (55B2O3–15SiO2–30Na2O: xWO3; with x = 0.0, 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 weight percent) were prepared by melting and rapid quench route. Quantities of H3BO4, SiO2, Na2CO3 and WO3 were calculated, well milled and then placed in a muffle oven at a temperature of 1050 °C for 30 min. The stainless steel mold heated at 200 °C and then the melt poured between the plates to get transparent

Capture of discrete nature of nanomaterials is central to predict their behavior in high precision. To this end, various augmented continuum theories have been presented. However, their accuracy is strongly dependent on the recognition of accurate values of associated characteristic length scale parameter, and many ambiguities and uncertainties still remain about them. As main purpose of this study

We conduct a study into the impact of frequency modulation on the dynamic behavior of qubit–photon entanglement inside a leaky cavity and subsequently on the entanglement swapping between such two qubits. Furthermore, we investigate how frequency modulation can affect the entropic uncertainty and its lower bound. It is revealed that there are optimal modulation parameters for which the system experiences

We propose a novel class of nonlinear Dirac wave equations in \(3+1\) flat space-time dimensions. Reducing the space dimensions to 2, we study the electron dynamics in an external homogeneous magnetic field for a specific type of one-electron self-interaction providing the possible (nonlinear) ground-state Landau energy levels together with their respective eigenfunctions. We concentrate on the regime

In this paper, we report on the radiation attenuation properties of the essential DNA nucleobases such as guanine, adenine, cytosine, uracil, and thymine. Gamma attenuation parameters such as linear attenuation factor (LAF) and effective atomic number (EAN) are investigated by using FLUKA simulation code for seven chosen photon energies named 0.6, 1.25, 1.5, 2, 3, 5, and 10 MeV. The validation of the

The instability of travelling waves (TW) in high-order operators has been a source of investigation in the last years. Instability shall be understood as the existence of oscillatory exponential bundles of solutions. One of the principal topics to explore is related with the characterization of the mentioned instability phenomena in the proximity of the stationary solutions given by KPP-Fisher terms

The present article assessed the mathematical model for the entropy generation in free convective heat and mass transfer phenomenon in the thermal and species stratified fluid-saturated non-Darcy porous domain. In this model, the viscous dissipation forces are assumed significant. Moreover, the physical model is exposed to the magnetic forces to accommodate the control over the stratification forces

The LHCb Collaboration announced the observation of doubly charmed baryon through \(\Xi _{c c}^{++} \rightarrow \Lambda _{c}^{+} K^{-} \pi ^{+} \pi ^{+}\) in 2017. Since then, a series of studies of doubly heavy baryons have been presented. \(\Xi _{cc}^{++}\) was discovered through nonleptonic four-body decay mode, and experimental data have indicated that the decay modes of \(\Xi _{c c}^{++}\) are

First-principle study has been conducted using the full potential linearized augmented plane wave plus local orbital method (FPLAPW + LO) within the scope of density functional theory with generalized gradient approximation (GGA) and Generalized Gradient Approximation plus Hubbard parameters U (GGA + U) as exchange correlation potentials to study the mechanical, structural, electronic and magnetic

We have discussed here a higher dimensional cosmological model and explained the recent acceleration with a Chaplygin type of gas. Dimensional reduction of extra space is possible in this case. Our solutions are general in nature because all the well known results of 4D Chaplygin driven cosmology are recovered when \(d = 0\). We have drawn the best fit graph using the data obtained by the differential

A physics-based hierarchical modeling approach considering tunneling resistance through polymer is proposed to predict the percolation threshold and resistivity of carbon nanotube (CNT)/graphene nanoplatelet (GNP)-reinforced polymer hybrid nanocomposites. At first, a method is developed to calculate the resistivity of CNT-polymer nanocomposites. Then, percolation theory model is employed to calculate

In this article we show why flying and rotating beer mats, CDs, or other flat disks will eventually flip in the air and end up flying with backspin, thus, making them unusable as frisbees. The crucial effect responsible for the flipping is found to be the lift attacking not in the center of mass but slightly offset to the forward edge. This induces a torque leading to a precession towards backspin

In this paper, for the first time, the free vibration characteristics of a joined shell structure in which three shells of revolution made of functionally graded material are elastically bonded are reported. The structure of the joined shell is formed by elastically bonding double-curved shells to both sides of the cylindrical shell in the middle, and the hyperbolic shells have elliptic, parabolic

By using the Hamilton–Jacobi [HJ] framework, the higher-order Maxwell–Chern–Simons theory is analyzed. The complete set of HJ Hamiltonians and a generalized HJ differential are reported, from which all symmetries of the theory are identified. In addition, we complete our study by performing the higher-order Gitman–Lyakhovich–Tyutin [GLT] framework and compare the results of both formalisms.

Dirac fermions in graphene may experiment dispersive pseudo-Landau levels due to a homogeneous pseudomagnetic field and a position-dependent Fermi velocity induced by strain. In this paper, we study the (semi-classical) dynamics of these particles under such a physical context from an approach of coherent states. For this purpose we use a Landau-like gauge to built Perelomov coherent states by the

Zirconium oxide nanoparticles (Nps) were synthesized by the ecologically benign and efficient green combustion method by using latex of E-tirucalli plant extract as a fuel. The synthesized powder samples were confirmed for their size and shape from X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis shows the purity of the prepared material. Structural

Jensen–Shannon divergence is used to quantify the discrepancy between the Hartree–Fock pair density and the product of its marginals for different N-electron systems, enclosing neutral atoms (with nuclear charge \(Z=N\)) and singly-charged ions (\(N = Z \pm 1\)). This divergence measure is applied to determine the interelectronic correlation in atomic systems. A thorough study was carried out, by considering

In this paper, we implement a quantum algorithm—on IBM quantum devices, IBM QASM simulator and PPRC computer cluster—to find the energy values of the ground state and the first excited state of a particle in a finite square-well potential. We use the quantum phase estimation technique and the iterative one to execute the program on PPRC cluster and IBM devices, respectively. Our results obtained from

In this article, we have studied the effects of a coherent phenomenon called spontaneously generated coherence (SGC) in a four-level inverted Y-type atomic system formed by a weak probe laser field, two strong coupling (pump and control) laser fields and an incoherent pumping field. The underlying foundation of our studies on the nonlinear optical responses of the atomic medium is based on the derivation

Symmetric teleparallel gravity is an exceptional theory of gravity that is consistent with the vanishing affine connection. This theory is an alternative and a simpler geometrical formulation of general relativity, where the nonmetricity Q drives the gravitational interaction. Our interest lies in exploring the cosmological bouncing scenarios in a flat Friedmann–Limaître–Robertson–Walker spacetime

The theoretical method of stochastic resonance (SR) is helpful for the extraction of mechanical fault signals in the background of strong noise. Therefore, SR has been developed rapidly in the field of mechanical fault diagnosis. In the method of fault diagnosis based on SR, the under-damped tri-stable SR system shows its superiority in performance. However, the disadvantage of this model is that the

Optical techniques are routinely applied in artworks analysis to obtain structural, morphological, and compositional information on the examined object in a non-invasive way. However, the complex structure of paintings, which can be sketched as multi-layer systems often including non-transparent layers, can hamper the penetration of the optical probe, making the non-invasive sectioning particularly

We present a new model of a one-dimensional nonrelativistic canonical quantum harmonic oscillator which is semiconfined. Semiconfinement is achieved by replacing the constant effective mass with a mass that varies with position. The problem is exactly solvable and the analytic expression of the wavefunctions of the stationary states is expressed by means of generalized Laguerre polynomials. Surprisingly

Polarization of dispersive and dissipative dielectric media with smoothed-out inhomogeneities is studied with the goal to clarify the question of renormalizability of electromagnetic stress–energy tensor. The stress tensor is computed with the Lifshitz approach to van der Waals forces in the non-retarded limit, which accounts for dominant effects at the distances from the interface shorter than the

In this study, the relativistic transformation equations of electric and magnetic fields, which has an important place for Maxwell’s equations, are investigated by elliptic biquaternions. There are two methods for obtaining transformation equations of electric and magnetic fields: firstly, through elliptic Lorentz transformations and secondly, by using the elliptic biquaternionic relativistic transformation

Designing a plasmonic structure having high near field enhancement of incident field, large hot spot area, wideband resonance, and multiple resonance peaks are the key elements to obtain large electromagnetic field enhancement factor for various biosensors like surface-enhanced Raman scattering and Spasers. In this paper, we have proposed three different configurations of the bowtie nanoantenna represented

Spin waves, the collective excitations of the electron spin systems in the ferromagnetic metals, are used in the telecommunication systems and radars. Under investigation is a (2+1)-dimensional nonlinear Schrödinger equation which describes the spin dynamics of a Heisenberg ferromagnetic spin chain. We construct its Lax pair which is different from the published ones. With respect to the coherent magnetism

In this paper, a dual-layer metasurface structure of two horizontal and vertical strips, orthogonal of diagonal cut wires, is investigated by the finite integration time domain. A like-electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) effect is found with dual-band and large angle. Moreover, the dark mode on low frequencies can be converted to bright mode on high frequency band. To verify the conclusion

A good understanding of the luminosity performance in a collider, as well as reliable tools to analyse, predict, and optimise the performance, is of great importance for the successful planning and execution of future runs. In this article, we present two different models for the evolution of the beam parameters and the luminosity in heavy-ion colliders. The first, Collider Time Evolution is a particle

The reaction cross sections of \(^{197}\)Au(n,2n)\(^{196}\)Au, \(^{115}\)In(n,n\(^{\prime })^{115m}\)In, \(^{232}\)Th(n,f)\(^{97}\)Zr, and \(^{238}\)U(n,f)\(^{97}\)Zr reactions were measured at different neutron energies using standard neutron activation analysis (NAA) technique followed by off-line \(\gamma \)-ray spectrometry. The irradiation was performed using the BARC-TIFR Pelletron facility in

A new position-sensitive thermal neutron detector based on boron-coated converters has been developed as an alternative to today’s standard \(^3\mathrm{He}\)-based technology for application to thermal neutron scattering. The key elements of the development are the boron-coated GEM foils (Sauli in Nucl Instrum Methods Phys Res Sect A Accel Spectrom Detect Assoc Equip 386:531, 1997) that are used as

The quality of welds is very important in some critical industries such as aeronautic manufacturing, pipelines, and civil construction. One of the most important weld inspections is industrial radiography testing. The quality of radiographic images may suffer from some level of blurriness due to poor signal-to-noise ratio, scattered X-rays, and other phenomena. Enhancing image contrast and improving

In this article a new scheme of three level atomic configuration is presented. The propagation and distortion management of a pulse is investigated without and in the presence of Compton scattering effect. The absorption and dispersion of a light beam is studied with the variation of control field and probe field detuning as well as strength of control field Rabi frequency. The Compton scattering angle

The Dirac equation in the presence of the scalar and vector potentials is considered. In the case of spin symmetry, the corresponding Schrödinger-like equation in the presence of Mathieu potential is solved. The energy eigenvalues and eigenfunctions are obtained by using Fourier grid method, numerically. The numerical results are in good approximation with the analytical results. Then, by using the

In the present paper, the geometrical nonlinear behaviour of the sandwich shallow spherical shells made of the functionally graded carbon nanotube-reinforced composites is assessed. In order to solve the proposed problem, the equilibrium, compatibility and constitutive equations are extended based on the first-order shear deformation theory. The obtained system of nonlinear differential equations is

In this study, we examined the wilt ailment, of pines, by utilizing mathematical modelling. The model is based on the parametrization of infectious pine trees in Korea for the period of 2010–2019. The model has taken the development in the beginning, and the approximated findings are nearly agreeable with the obtained data. We have used the method of next-generation matrix to work out for the basic

Quantum entanglement is one of the most important resources in quantum information. A certain degree of white noise will make the entangled state separable, so finding the minimal white noise tolerance of a specific state is important. Based on a detailed study of the tripartite separability of a four-qubit W state mixed with a Dicke state and white noise, we obtain the necessary and (or) sufficient