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Testing stochastic gravitational wave signals from primordial black holes with optical telescopes Phys. Lett. B (IF 4.384) Pub Date : 2021-01-22 Sunao Sugiyama; Volodymyr Takhistov; Edoardo Vitagliano; Alexander Kusenko; Misao Sasaki; Masahiro Takada
Primordial black holes (PBHs) can constitute the predominant fraction of dark matter (DM) if PBHs reside in the currently unconstrained “sublunar” mass range. PBHs originating from scalar perturbations generated during inflation can naturally appear with a broad spectrum in a class of models. The resulting stochastic gravitational wave (GW) background generated from such PBH production can account
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Beta decay of the axially asymmetric ground state of 192Re Phys. Lett. B (IF 4.384) Pub Date : 2021-01-21 H. Watanabe; Y.X. Watanabe; Y. Hirayama; A.N. Andreyev; T. Hashimoto; F.G. Kondev; G.J. Lane; Yu.A. Litvinov; J.J. Liu; H. Miyatake; J.Y. Moon; A.I. Morales; M. Mukai; S. Nishimura; T. Niwase; M. Rosenbusch; P. Schury; Y. Shi; P.M. Walker
The β decay of 75192Re117, which lies near the boundary between the regions of predicted prolate and oblate deformations, has been investigated using the KEK Isotope Separation System (KISS) in RIKEN Nishina Center. This is the first case in which a low-energy beam of rhenium isotope has been successfully extracted from an argon gas-stopping cell using a laser-ionization technique, following production
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Determining the temperature in heavy-ion collisions with multiplicity distribution Phys. Lett. B (IF 4.384) Pub Date : 2021-01-18 Yi-Dan Song; Rui Wang; Yu-Gang Ma; Xian-Gai Deng; Huan-Ling Liu
By relating the charge multiplicity distribution and the temperature of a de-exciting nucleus through a deep neural network, we propose that the charge multiplicity distribution can be used as a thermometer of heavy-ion collisions. Based on an isospin-dependent quantum molecular dynamics model, we study the caloric curve of reaction Pd103 + Be9 with the apparent temperature determined through the charge
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Search for dark photon and dark matter signatures around electron-positron colliders Phys. Lett. B (IF 4.384) Pub Date : 2021-01-21 Xin Chen; Zhen Hu; Yongcheng Wu; Kai Yi
The search for a dark photon produced at e+e− colliders which subsequently decays into inelastic dark matter particles, is discussed. The heavier dark matter decays into a pair of visible charged particles and a lighter dark matter particle after traveling some distance. The visible decay products can be recorded by a dark matter detector made of emulsions and gas detectors, placed near the main e+e−
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Relativistic dissipative spin dynamics in the relaxation time approximation Phys. Lett. B (IF 4.384) Pub Date : 2021-01-26 Samapan Bhadury; Wojciech Florkowski; Amaresh Jaiswal; Avdhesh Kumar; Radoslaw Ryblewski
The concept of the Wigner function is used to construct a semi-classical kinetic theory describing the evolution of the axial current phase-space density of spin-12 particles in the relaxation time approximation. The resulting approach can be used to study spin polarization effects in relativistic matter, in particular, in heavy-ion collisions. An expression for the axial current based on the classical
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Note on quantum periods and a TBA-like system Phys. Lett. B (IF 4.384) Pub Date : 2021-01-26 Min-xin Huang
There is an interesting relation between the quantum periods on a certain limit of local P1×P1 Calabi-Yau space and a TBA (Thermodynamic Bethe Ansatz) system appeared in the studies of ABJM (Aharony-Bergman-Jafferis-Maldacena) theory. We propose a one-parameter generalization of the relation. Furthermore, we derive the differential operators for quantum periods and the TBA-like equation in various
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Constraining SMEFT operators with associated hγ production in weak boson fusion Phys. Lett. B (IF 4.384) Pub Date : 2021-01-18 Anke Biekötter; Raquel Gomez-Ambrosio; Parisa Gregg; Frank Krauss; Marek Schönherr
We consider the associated production of a Higgs boson and a photon in weak boson fusion in the Standard Model (SM) and the Standard Model Effective Field Theory (SMEFT), with the Higgs boson decaying to a pair of bottom quarks. Analysing events in a cut-based analysis and with multivariate techniques we determine the sensitivity of this process to the bottom-Yukawa coupling in the SM and to possible
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A natural scotogenic model for neutrino mass & dark matter Phys. Lett. B (IF 4.384) Pub Date : 2021-01-14 Amine Ahriche; Adil Jueid; Salah Nasri
In this letter, we propose an extension of the scotogenic model where singlet Majorana particle can be dark matter (DM) without the need of a highly suppressed scalar coupling of the order O(10−10). For that, the SM is extended with three singlet Majorana fermions, an inert scalar doublet, and two (a complex and a real) singlet scalars, with a global Z4 symmetry that is spontaneously broken into Z2
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On the mass difference between proton and neutron Phys. Lett. B (IF 4.384) Pub Date : 2021-01-21 J. Gasser; H. Leutwyler; A. Rusetsky
The Cottingham formula expresses the electromagnetic part of the mass of a particle in terms of the virtual Compton scattering amplitude. At large photon momenta, this amplitude is dominated by short distance singularities associated with operators of spin 0 and spin 2. In the difference between proton and neutron, chiral symmetry suppresses the spin 0 term. Although the angular integration removes
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Onset of rotating scalarized black holes in Einstein-Chern-Simons-Scalar theory Phys. Lett. B (IF 4.384) Pub Date : 2021-01-18 Yun Soo Myung; De-Cheng Zou
We perform the stability analysis of the Kerr black hole in the Einstein-Chern-Simons-Scalar theory with quadratic scalar coupling. For positive coupling parameter (α>0), we introduce the (2+1)-dimensional hyperboloidal foliation method to show that the Kerr black hole is unstable against scalar-mode perturbation. In case of α<0, it is shown that the Kerr black hole is unstable without any α-independent
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Poisson equations for elliptic modular graph functions Phys. Lett. B (IF 4.384) Pub Date : 2021-01-21 Anirban Basu
We obtain Poisson equations satisfied by elliptic modular graph functions with four links. Analysis of these equations leads to a non–trivial algebraic relation between the various graphs.
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Configuration entropy and confinement/deconfinement transiton in holographic QCD Phys. Lett. B (IF 4.384) Pub Date : 2021-01-18 Nelson R.F. Braga; O.C. Junqueira
In the holographic AdS/QCD approach, the confinement/deconfinement transition is associated with the Hawking-Page transition of a thermal anti-de Sitter (AdS) space to an AdS black hole. In the case of the hard wall model, the thermal transition takes place in the planar AdS thanks to the introduction of an infrared cut-off in the geometry. The corresponding thermodynamic entropy of the SU(N) gauge
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On the effects of the Chern-Simons term in an Abelian gauged Skyrme model in d = 4 + 1 dimensions Phys. Lett. B (IF 4.384) Pub Date : 2021-01-21 Francisco Navarro-Lérida; Eugen Radu; D.H. Tchrakian
We study an Abelian gauged O(5) Skyrme model in 4+1 dimensions, featuring the F4 Maxwell and the Chern-Simons terms. Our aim is to expose the mechanism, discovered in the analogous Abelian gauged O(3) Skyrme model in 2+1 dimensions, which leads to the unusual relation of the mass-energy E to the electric charge Qe and angular momentum J, and, to the change in the value of the “baryon number” q due
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Stable double-heavy tetraquarks: Spectrum and structure Phys. Lett. B (IF 4.384) Pub Date : 2021-01-22 Q. Meng; E. Hiyama; A. Hosaka; M. Oka; P. Gubler; K.U. Can; T.T. Takahashi; H.S. Zong
Bound states of double-heavy tetraquarks are studied in a constituent quark model. Two bound states are found for isospin and spin-parity I(JP)=0(1+) in the bbu¯d¯ channel. One is deeply bound and compact made of colored diquarks, while the other is shallow and extended as a BB⁎ molecule. The former agrees well with lattice QCD results. A systematic decrease in the binding energy is seen by replacing
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Neutrino masses and gravitational wave background Phys. Lett. B (IF 4.384) Pub Date : 2021-01-15 Takehiko Asaka; Hisashi Okui
We consider the Standard Model with three right-handed neutrinos to generate tiny neutrino masses by the seesaw mechanism. Especially, we investigate the case when one right-handed neutrino has the suppressed Yukawa coupling constants. Such a particle has a long lifetime and can produce an additional entropy by the decay. It is then discussed the impact of the entropy production on the gravitational
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Type 0¯ heterotic string orbifolds Phys. Lett. B (IF 4.384) Pub Date : 2021-01-18 Alon E. Faraggi; Viktor G. Matyas; Benjamin Percival
The Z2×Z2 heterotic string orbifold gives rise to a large space of phenomenological three generation models that serves as a testing ground to explore how the Standard Model of particle physics may be incorporated in a theory of quantum gravity. Recently, we demonstrated the existence of type 0 Z2×Z2 heterotic string orbifolds in which there are no massless fermionic states. In this paper we demonstrate
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Flavour and energy dependence of chemical freeze-out temperatures in relativistic heavy ion collisions from RHIC-BES to LHC energies Phys. Lett. B (IF 4.384) Pub Date : 2021-01-22 Fernando Antonio Flor; Gabrielle Olinger; René Bellwied
We present calculations of the chemical freeze-out temperature (Tch) based on particle yields from STAR and ALICE measured at collision energies ranging from sNN= 11.5 GeV to 5.02 TeV. Employing the Grand Canonical Ensemble approach using the Thermal-FIST Hadron Resonance Gas model package, we show evidence for a flavour-dependent chemical freeze-out in the crossover region of the QCD phase diagram
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Generalized uncertainty principle and stochastic gravitational wave background spectrum Phys. Lett. B (IF 4.384) Pub Date : 2021-01-15 Mohamed Moussa; Homa Shababi; Ahmed Farag Ali
This paper concerned with the effect of generalized uncertainty principle (GUP) on the stochastic gravitational wave (SGW) background signal that produced during first order cosmological QCD phase transition in early universe. A modified formula of entropy is used to calculate the temporal evolution of temperature of the universe as a function of the Hubble parameter. The pressure that results from
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Searching for light in the darkness: Bounds on ALP dark matter with the optical MUSE-faint survey Phys. Lett. B (IF 4.384) Pub Date : 2021-01-13 Marco Regis; Marco Taoso; Daniel Vaz; Jarle Brinchmann; Sebastiaan L. Zoutendijk; Nicolas F. Bouché; Matthias Steinmetz
We use MUSE spectroscopic observations of the dwarf spheroidal galaxy Leo T between 470 and 935 nm to search for radiative decays of axion like particles (ALPs). Under the assumption that ALPs constitute the dark matter component of the Leo T halo, we derive bounds on the effective ALP-two-photon coupling. We improve existing limits by more than one order of magnitude in the ALP mass range 2.7-5.3
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Three-body breakup of 6He and its halo structure Phys. Lett. B (IF 4.384) Pub Date : 2021-01-13 Y.L. Sun; T. Nakamura; Y. Kondo; Y. Satou; J. Lee; T. Matsumoto; K. Ogata; Y. Kikuchi; N. Aoi; Y. Ichikawa; K. Ieki; M. Ishihara; T. Kobayshi; T. Motobayashi; H. Otsu; H. Sakurai; T. Shimamura; S. Shimoura; K. Yoneda
The Borromean halo nucleus 6He has been studied by a kinematically complete measurement of Coulomb and nuclear breakup into α + 2n on Pb and C targets at 70 MeV/nucleon. Fully quantum-mechanical four-body breakup calculations reproduce the energy and angular differential cross sections below Erel∼1 MeV for both targets. The model used here reproduces the 6He ground-state properties as well as α-n and
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Sudakov effects in central-forward dijet production in high energy factorization Phys. Lett. B (IF 4.384) Pub Date : 2021-01-14 A. van Hameren; P. Kotko; K. Kutak; S. Sapeta
We discuss central-forward dijet production at LHC energies within the framework of high energy factorization. In our study, we profit from the recent progress on consistent merging of Sudakov resummation with small-x effects, which allows us to compute two different gluon distributions which depend on longitudinal momentum, transverse momentum and the hard scale of the process: one for the quark channel
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Testing primordial black holes as dark matter in supergravity from gravitational waves Phys. Lett. B (IF 4.384) Pub Date : 2021-01-14 Yermek Aldabergenov; Andrea Addazi; Sergei V. Ketov
We explore the Gravitational Waves (GW) phenomenology of a simple class of supergravity models that can explain and unify inflation and Primordial Black Holes (PBH) as Dark Matter (DM). Our (modified) supergravity models naturally lead to a two-field attractor-type double inflation, whose first stage is driven by Starobinsky scalaron and the second stage is driven by another scalar belonging to a supergravity
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Constraints on the two-pion contribution to hadronic vacuum polarization Phys. Lett. B (IF 4.384) Pub Date : 2021-01-13 Gilberto Colangelo; Martin Hoferichter; Peter Stoffer
At low energies hadronic vacuum polarization (HVP) is strongly dominated by two-pion intermediate states, which are responsible for about 70% of the HVP contribution to the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon, aμHVP. Lattice-QCD evaluations of the latter indicate that it might be larger than calculated dispersively on the basis of e+e−→ hadrons data, at a level which would contest the long-standing
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Theoretical bounds on dark matter masses Phys. Lett. B (IF 4.384) Pub Date : 2021-01-13 Xavier Calmet; Folkert Kuipers
In this letter, we show that quantum gravity leads to lower and upper bounds on the masses of dark matter candidates. These bounds depend on the spins of the dark matter candidates and the nature of interactions in the dark matter sector. For example, for singlet scalar dark matter, we find a mass range 10−3 eV≲mϕ≲107 eV. The lower bound comes from limits on fifth force type interactions and the upper
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Probing entrance channel effects in fusion-fission dynamics through neutron multiplicity measurement of 208Rn Phys. Lett. B (IF 4.384) Pub Date : 2021-01-07 Neeraj Kumar; Shashi Verma; Shabnam Mohsina; Jhilam Sadhukhan; K. Rojeeta Devi; A. Banerjee; N. Saneesh; M. Kumar; Ruchi Mahajan; Meenu Thakur; Gurpreet Kaur; Anjali Rani; Neelam; Abhishek Yadav; Kavita; Rakesh Kumar; Unnati; S. Mandal; P. Sugathan
The pre- and post-scission neutron multiplicities are measured for the fission of 208Rn, populated with the reactions 30Si+178Hf and 48Ti+160Gd in the excitation energy range of 54.5 - 80.8 MeV. We found significant differences in the pre-scission neutron multiplicities of these two systems. Also, both the reactions exhibit an enhancement in the pre-scission multiplicity with respect to the existing
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Δ-admixed neutron stars: Spinodal instabilities and dUrca processes Phys. Lett. B (IF 4.384) Pub Date : 2021-01-12 Adriana R. Raduta
Within the covariant density functional theory of nuclear matter we build equations of state of Δ-admixed compact stars. Uncertainties in the interaction of Δ(1232) resonance states with nuclear matter, due to lack of experimental data, are accounted for by varying the coupling constants to scalar and vector mesonic fields. We find that, over a wide range of the parameter space allowed by nuclear physics
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Observation of a resonant structure in e+e− → ωη and another in e+e− → ωπ0 at center-of-mass energies between 2.00 and 3.08 GeV Phys. Lett. B (IF 4.384) Pub Date : 2021-01-06
Born cross sections for the processes e+e−→ωη and e+e−→ωπ0 have been determined for center-of-mass energies between 2.00 and 3.08 GeV with the BESIII detector at the BEPCII collider. The results obtained in this work are consistent with previous measurements but with improved precision. Two resonant structures are observed. In the e+e−→ωη cross sections, a resonance with a mass of (2176±24±3)MeV/c2
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J/ψ near Tc Phys. Lett. B (IF 4.384) Pub Date : 2021-01-07 Taesoo Song; Philipp Gubler; Juhee Hong; Su Houng Lee; Kenji Morita
We calculate the mass shift and thermal decay width of the J/ψ near the QCD transition temperature Tc by imposing two independent constraints on these variables that can be obtained first by solving the Schrödinger equation and second from the QCD sum rule approach. While the real part of the potential is determined by comparing the QCD sum rule result for charmonium and the D meson to that from the
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Gauged baryon number and dibaryonic dark matter Phys. Lett. B (IF 4.384) Pub Date : 2021-01-08 Ernest Ma
The minimal standard model of quarks and leptons is extended with a set of vectorlike fermions to allow baryon number B to become a gauged U(1)B symmetry. The B assignments of the new particles are determined by renormalizable interactions with the known quarks through a color triplet scalar diquark. The spontaneous breaking of U(1)B by a scalar with B=3 results in a conserved residual global B symmetry
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Ab initio calculations of reactor antineutrino fluxes with exact lepton wave functions Phys. Lett. B (IF 4.384) Pub Date : 2021-01-08 Dong-Liang Fang; Yu-Feng Li; Di Zhang
New ab initio calculations of the isotopic reactor antineutrino fluxes are provided with exact numerical calculations of the lepton wave functions, assuming all the decay branches are allowed GT transitions. We illustrate that the analytical Fermi function and finite size effect each could have the largest spectral deviation of O(10%), whereas the effect of their combination could result in spectral
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Transverse-momentum and event-shape dependence of D-meson flow harmonics in Pb–Pb collisions at sNN=5.02TeV Phys. Lett. B (IF 4.384) Pub Date : 2020-12-29
The elliptic and triangular flow coefficients v2 and v3 of prompt D0, D+, and D⁎+ mesons were measured at midrapidity (|y|<0.8) in Pb–Pb collisions at the centre-of-mass energy per nucleon pair of sNN=5.02TeV with the ALICE detector at the LHC. The D mesons were reconstructed via their hadronic decays in the transverse momentum interval 1
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α-Cluster formation in heavy α-emitters within a multistep model Phys. Lett. B (IF 4.384) Pub Date : 2021-01-07 J.M. Dong; Q. Zhao; L.J. Wang; W. Zuo; J.Z. Gu
α-decay always has enormous impetuses to the development of physics and chemistry, in particular due to its indispensable role in the research of new elements. Although it has been observed in laboratories for more than a century, it remains a difficult problem to calculate accurately the formation probability Sα microscopically. To this end, we establish a new model, i.e., multistep model, and the
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Massless finite and infinite spin representations of Poincaré group in six dimensions Phys. Lett. B (IF 4.384) Pub Date : 2021-01-07 I.L. Buchbinder; S.A. Fedoruk; A.P. Isaev; M.A. Podoinitsyn
We study the massless irreducible representations of the Poincaré group in the six-dimensional Minkowski space. The Casimir operators are constructed and their eigenvalues are found. It is shown that the finite spin (helicity) representation is defined by two integer or half-integer numbers while the infinite spin representation is defined by the real parameter μ2 and one integer or half-integer number
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Can a protophobic vector boson explain the ATOMKI anomaly? Phys. Lett. B (IF 4.384) Pub Date : 2021-01-07 Xilin Zhang; Gerald A. Miller
In 2016, the ATOMKI collaboration announced [1] observing an unexpected enhancement of the e+-e−pair production signal in one of the Be8 nuclear transitions induced by an incident proton beam on a 7Li target. Many beyond-standard-model physics explanations have subsequently been proposed. One popular theory is that the anomaly is caused by the creation of a protophobic vector boson (X) with a mass
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Disk galaxies and their dark halos as self-organized patterns Phys. Lett. B (IF 4.384) Pub Date : 2020-12-30 Shankar C. Venkataramani; Alan C. Newell
Galaxies are built by complex physical processes with significant inherent stochasticity. It is therefore surprising that the inferred dark matter distributions in galaxies are correlated with the observed baryon distributions leading to various ‘Baryon-Halo conspiracies’. The fact that no dark matter candidate has been definitively identified invites a search for alternative explanations for such
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Studies of charm and beauty hadron long-range correlations in pp and pPb collisions at LHC energies Phys. Lett. B (IF 4.384) Pub Date : 2020-12-21
Measurements of the second Fourier harmonic coefficient (v2) of the azimuthal distributions of prompt and nonprompt D0 mesons produced in pp and pPb collisions are presented. Nonprompt D0 mesons come from beauty hadron decays. The data samples are collected by the CMS experiment at nucleon-nucleon center-of-mass energies of 13 and 8.16 TeV, respectively. In high multiplicity pp collisions, v2 signals
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Width effects in resonant three-body decays: B decay as an example Phys. Lett. B (IF 4.384) Pub Date : 2020-12-29 Hai-Yang Cheng; Cheng-Wei Chiang; Chun-Khiang Chua
For three-body hadron decays mediated by intermediate resonances with large widths, we show how to properly extract the quasi-two-body decay rates for a meaningful comparison with the corresponding theoretical estimates, using several B decays as explicit examples. We compute the correction factor from finite width effects in the QCD factorization approach, and make a comparison with that using the
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Kinematical cusp and resonance interpretations of the X(2900) Phys. Lett. B (IF 4.384) Pub Date : 2020-12-29 T.J. Burns; E.S. Swanson
We examine whether the LHCb vector udc¯s¯ state X(2900) can be interpreted as a kinematical cusp effect arising from D¯⁎K⁎ and D¯1K(⁎) interactions. The production amplitude is modelled as a triangle diagram with hadronic final state interactions. A satisfactory fit to the Dalitz plot projection is obtained that leverages the singularities of the production diagram without the need for D¯K resonances
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Dark matter scattering cross section and dynamics in dark Yang-Mills theory Phys. Lett. B (IF 4.384) Pub Date : 2020-12-29 Nodoka Yamanaka; Hideaki Iida; Atsushi Nakamura; Masayuki Wakayama
We calculate for the first time the scattering cross section between lightest glueballs in SU(2) pure Yang-Mills theory, which are good candidates of dark matter. In the first step, we evaluate the interglueball potential on lattice using the HAL QCD method, with several lattice spacings (β=2.1,2.2,2.3,2.4, and 2.5). The systematics associated with nonzero angular momentum effect is removed by subtracting
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Towards a reliable effective field theory of inflation Phys. Lett. B (IF 4.384) Pub Date : 2020-12-29 Mar Bastero-Gil; Arjun Berera; Rudnei O. Ramos; João G. Rosa
We present the first quantum field theory model of inflation that is renormalizable in the matter sector, with a super-Hubble inflaton mass and sub-Planckian field excursions, which is thus technically natural and consistent with a high-energy completion within a theory of quantum gravity. This is done in the framework of warm inflation, where we show, for the first time, that strong dissipation can
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Nonperturbative flavor breaking in topological susceptibility at chiral crossover Phys. Lett. B (IF 4.384) Pub Date : 2020-12-22 Mamiya Kawaguchi; Shinya Matsuzaki; Akio Tomiya
We demonstrate that the QCD topological susceptibility nonperturbatively gets a significant contribution signaled by flavor-nonuniversal quark condensates at around the pseudo-critical temperature of the chiral crossover. It implies a remarkable flavor breaking in the axial anomaly as well as the QCD theta vacuum in high temperature QCD, which are almost flavor universal in the vacuum. A nontrivial
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Large r against Trans-Planckian censorship in scalar-tensor theory? Phys. Lett. B (IF 4.384) Pub Date : 2020-12-28 Jiaming Shi; Taotao Qiu
In this paper, we discuss about the possibility to enhance the tensor-to-scalar ratio r under the condition of Trans-Planckian censorship conjecture (TCC), thus r∼O(10−3) could be observable within the sensitivity of future experiments. We make use of the scalar-tensor theory where inflaton is nonminimally coupled to gravity. After demonstrating that the TCC condition could be modified in scalar-tensor
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Insight into the reaction dynamics of proton drip-line nuclear system 17F+58Ni at near-barrier energies Phys. Lett. B (IF 4.384) Pub Date : 2020-12-23 L. Yang; C.J. Lin; H. Yamaguchi; Jin Lei; P.W. Wen; M. Mazzocco; N.R. Ma; L.J. Sun; D.X. Wang; G.X. Zhang; K. Abe; S.M. Cha; K.Y. Chae; A. Diaz-Torres; J.L. Ferreira; S. Hayakawa; H.M. Jia; D. Kahl; J. Lubian
The mechanism of reactions with weakly-bound proton-rich nuclei at energies near the Coulomb barrier is a long-standing open question owing to the paucity of experimental data. In this study, a complete kinematics measurement was performed for the proton drip-line nucleus 17F interacting with 58Ni at four energies near the Coulomb barrier. Thanks to the powerful performance of the detector array, exhaustive
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Odd-dimensional self-duality for non-Abelian tensor-multiplet in D = 3 + 2 as master theory of integrable-systems Phys. Lett. B (IF 4.384) Pub Date : 2020-12-22 Hitoshi Nishino; Subhash Rajpoot
We present N=2 supersymmetric non-Abelian duality-symmetry between a tensor multiplet and an extra vector multiplet in D=3+2 dimensions. Our system has the Yang-Mills (YM) vector multiplet (AμI,λI), a tensor-multiplet (BμνI,χI,φI), and an extra vector multiplet (CμI,ρI,σI). The index I=1,2,⋯,dimG is for the adjoint representation of a non-Abelian group G. The AμI is the conventional YM gauge field
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Light particles with baryon and lepton numbers Phys. Lett. B (IF 4.384) Pub Date : 2020-12-22 Julian Heeck
We consider light new particles χ and ϕ that carry baryon and lepton numbers. If these particles are lighter than nucleons they lead to exotic decays such as p→π+χ and p→e+ϕ, not yet fully constrained by dedicated searches. For χ and ϕ masses in the GeV range, proton decays are kinematically forbidden but other decays of the forms baryon → meson + χ, meson → baryon + χ¯, and baryon → anti-lepton +
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Closing in on t-channel simplified dark matter models Phys. Lett. B (IF 4.384) Pub Date : 2020-12-19 Chiara Arina; Benjamin Fuks; Luca Mantani; Hanna Mies; Luca Panizzi; Jakub Salko
A comprehensive analysis of cosmological and collider constraints is presented for three simplified models characterised by a dark matter candidate (real scalar, Majorana fermion and real vector) and a coloured mediator (fermion, scalar and fermion respectively) interacting with the right-handed up quark of the Standard Model. Constraints from dark matter direct and indirect detection and relic density
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Variational approach to tunneling dynamics. Application to hot superfluid Fermi systems. Spontaneous and induced fission Phys. Lett. B (IF 4.384) Pub Date : 2020-12-22 S. Levit
We introduce a general variational framework to address the tunneling of hot Fermi systems. We use the representation of the trace of the imaginary time τ=it propagator as a functional integral type of a sum over complete sets of states at intermediate propagation slices. We assume that these states are τ-dependent and generated by an arbitrary trial Hamiltonian H0(τ). We then use the convexity inequality
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A new extraction of pion parton distributions in the statistical model Phys. Lett. B (IF 4.384) Pub Date : 2020-12-13 Claude Bourrely; Franco Buccella; Jen-Chieh Peng
We present a new analysis to extract pion's parton distribution functions (PDFs) in the framework of the statistical model. Starting from the statistical model framework first developed for the spin-1/2 nucleon, we apply appropriate modifications taking into account the spin-0 nature of pion and the isospin and charge-conjugation symmetry properties. This results in a significant reduction of the number
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Symmetry energy investigation with pion production from Sn+Sn systems Phys. Lett. B (IF 4.384) Pub Date : 2020-12-15 G. Jhang; J. Estee; J. Barney; G. Cerizza; M. Kaneko; J.W. Lee; W.G. Lynch; T. Isobe; M. Kurata-Nishimura; T. Murakami; C.Y. Tsang; M.B. Tsang; R. Wang; D.S. Ahn; L. Atar; T. Aumann; H. Baba; K. Boretzky; Zhen Zhang
In the past two decades, pions created in the high density regions of heavy ion collisions have been predicted to be sensitive at high densities to the symmetry energy term in the nuclear equation of state, a property that is key to our understanding of neutron stars. In a new experiment designed to study the symmetry energy, the multiplicities of negatively and positively charged pions have been measured
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Solar-mass primordial black holes explain NANOGrav hint of gravitational waves Phys. Lett. B (IF 4.384) Pub Date : 2020-12-19 Kazunori Kohri; Takahiro Terada
The NANOGrav collaboration for the pulsar timing array (PTA) observation recently announced evidence of an isotropic stochastic process, which may be the first detection of the stochastic gravitational-wave (GW) background. We discuss the possibility that the signal is caused by the second-order GWs associated with the formation of solar-mass primordial black holes (PBHs). This possibility can be tested
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Pion–kaon femtoscopy and the lifetime of the hadronic phase in Pb−Pb collisions at sNN=2.76 TeV Phys. Lett. B (IF 4.384) Pub Date : 2020-12-17
In this paper, the first femtoscopic analysis of pion–kaon correlations at the LHC is reported. The analysis was performed on the Pb–Pb collision data at sNN=2.76 TeV recorded with the ALICE detector. The non-identical particle correlations probe the spatio-temporal separation between sources of different particle species as well as the average source size of the emitting system. The sizes of the pion
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Bayesian neural networks for fast SUSY predictions Phys. Lett. B (IF 4.384) Pub Date : 2020-12-19 B.S. Kronheim; M.P. Kuchera; H.B. Prosper; A. Karbo
One of the goals of current particle physics research is to obtain evidence for new physics, that is, physics beyond the Standard Model (BSM), at accelerators such as the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN. The searches for new physics are often guided by BSM theories that depend on many unknown parameters, which, in some cases, makes testing their predictions difficult. In this paper, machine learning
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A clockwork solution to the doublet-triplet splitting problem Phys. Lett. B (IF 4.384) Pub Date : 2020-12-19 Gero von Gersdorff
Maybe the biggest puzzle in grand unified theories (GUTs) is the apparent large splitting of the doublet and triplet Higgs masses. We suggest a novel mechanism to solve this puzzle, which relies on the clockwork mechanism to generate large hierarchies from order-one numbers. The tension between gauge coupling unification and proton lifetime from minimal SU(5) GUTs is also removed in this scenario,
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Dynamically emergent gravity from hidden local Lorentz symmetry Phys. Lett. B (IF 4.384) Pub Date : 2020-12-10 Shinya Matsuzaki; Shota Miyawaki; Kin-ya Oda; Masatoshi Yamada
Gravity can be regarded as a consequence of local Lorentz (LL) symmetry, which is essential in defining a spinor field in curved spacetime. The gravitational action may admit a zero-field limit of the metric and vierbein at a certain ultraviolet cutoff scale such that the action becomes a linear realization of the LL symmetry. Consequently, only three types of term are allowed in the four-dimensional
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Decay of the key 92-keV resonance in the 25Mg(p,γ) reaction to the ground and isomeric states of the cosmic γ-ray emitter 26Al Phys. Lett. B (IF 4.384) Pub Date : 2020-12-16 A. Kankainen; P.J. Woods; D.T. Doherty; H.M. Albers; M. Albers; A.D. Ayangeakaa; M.P. Carpenter; C.J. Chiara; J.L. Harker; R.V.F. Janssens; C. Lederer-Woods; D. Seweryniak; F. Strieder; S. Zhu
The 92-keV resonance in the 25Mg(p,γ)26Al reaction plays a key role in the production of 26Al at astrophysical burning temperatures of ≈100 MK in the Mg-Al cycle. However, the state can decay to feed either the ground, 26gAl, or isomeric state, 26mAl. It is the ground state that is critical as the source of cosmic γ rays. It is therefore important to precisely determine the ground-state branching fraction
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String memories... openly retold Phys. Lett. B (IF 4.384) Pub Date : 2020-12-17 A. Aldi; M. Bianchi; M. Firrotta
We identify string corrections to the EM memory effect. Though largely negligible in the low-energy limit, the effect become relevant in high-energy collisions and in extreme events. We illustrate our findings in a simple unoriented bosonic string model. Thanks to the coherent effect of the infinite tower of open string resonances, the corrections are non-perturbative in α′, modulated in retarded time
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Damping of gravitational waves in 2-2-holes Phys. Lett. B (IF 4.384) Pub Date : 2020-12-15 Bob Holdom
A 2-2-hole is an explicit realization of a horizonless object that can still very closely resemble a BH. An ordinary relativistic gas can serve as the matter source for the 2-2-hole solution of quadratic gravity, and this leads to a calculable area-law entropy. Here we show that it also leads to an estimate of the damping of a gravitational wave as it travels to the center of the 2-2-hole and back
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Fractal analysis of the UltraVISTA galaxy survey Phys. Lett. B (IF 4.384) Pub Date : 2020-12-17 Sharon Teles; Amanda R. Lopes; Marcelo B. Ribeiro
This paper seeks to test if the large-scale galaxy distribution can be characterized as a fractal system. Tools appropriate for describing galaxy fractal structures with a single fractal dimension D in relativistic settings are developed and applied to the UltraVISTA galaxy survey. A graph of volume-limited samples corresponding to the redshift limits in each redshift bins for absolute magnitude is
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Polarization of Λ(1405) in the γp → K+πΣ reaction Phys. Lett. B (IF 4.384) Pub Date : 2020-12-16 Ke Wang; Bo-Chao Liu
In this paper, we study the polarization of the Λ(1405) in the γp→K+πΣ reaction within an effective Lagrangian approach and isobar model. In our model, the Λ(1405) is excited through the t-channel K/K⁎ exchanges and u-channel hyperon exchange. Compared to previous studies, we also include the contribution from a contact term, which is necessary for our model to interpret the polarization of the Λ(1405)
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N = 1 trinification from dimensional reduction of N = 1, 10D E8 over SU(3)/U(1)×U(1)×Z3 and its phenomenological consequences Phys. Lett. B (IF 4.384) Pub Date : 2020-12-16 George Manolakos; Gregory Patellis; George Zoupanos
We present an extension of the Standard Model that results from the dimensional reduction of the N=1, 10D E8 group over a M4×B0/Z3 space, where B0 is the nearly-Kähler manifold SU(3)/U(1)×U(1) and Z3 is a freely acting discrete group on B0. Using the Wilson flux breaking mechanism we are left in four dimensions with an N=1 SU(3)3 gauge theory. Below the unification scale we have a two Higgs doublet
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