Two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) such as tungsten diselenide (WSe2) have spead many interesting physical properties, which may become ideal candidates to develop new generation electronic and optoelectronic devices. In order to reveal essential features of 2D TMDCs, it is necessary to fabricate high-quality devices with reliable electrical contact. We systematically analyze

It is commonly realized that polydispersity may significantly affect the surface modification properties of polymer brush systems. In light of this, we systematically study morphologies of bidisperse polyelectrolyte brush grafted onto a spherical nanocolloid in the presence of trivalent counterions using molecular dynamics simulations. Via varying polydispersity, grafting density, and solvent selectivity

Structural properties of the organic-inorganic hybrid (C2H5NH3)2CuCl4 (EA2CuCl4) have been investigated by means of x-ray powder diffraction and Rietveld analysis. A structural phase transition from Pbca to Aba2 occurs at T 4 = 240 K, which results in a paraelectric–ferroelectric phase transition. The release of the Jahn–Teller distortion with increasing temperature toward T 4 is revealed by the structural

Experimentally synthesized MoSi2N4 (Science 369 670 (2020)) is a piezoelectric semiconductor. Here, we systematically study the large biaxial (isotropic) strain effects (0.90–1.10) on electronic structures and transport coefficients of monolayer MoSi2N4 by density functional theory (DFT). With a/a 0 from 0.90 to 1.10, the energy band gap firstly increases, and then decreases, which is due to transformation

We study the properties of Bose–Einstein condensates under a non-Hermitian spin–orbit coupling (SOC), induced by a dissipative two-photon Raman process. We focus on the dynamics of the condensate at short times, when the impact of decoherence induced by quantum jumps is negligible and the dynamics is coherently driven by a non-Hermitian Hamiltonian. Given the significantly modified single-particle

We experimentally investigate effects of W6+ occupying the sites of Sc3+ in the unit cell of Sc2W3O12 (Sc8W12O48) on the structure, vibration and thermal expansion. The composition and structure of the doped sample (Sc6W2)W12O48 δ (with two W6+ occupying two sites of Sc3+ in the unit cell of Sc8W12O48) are analyzed and identified by combining the x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and the synchronous

Time-resolved radial uniformity of pulse-modulated inductively coupled O2/Ar plasma has been investigated by means of a Langmuir probe as well as an optical probe in this paper. The radial uniformity of plasma has been discussed through analyzing the nonuniformity factor β (calculated by the measured n e, lower β means higher plasma radial uniformity). The results show that during the active-glow period

There is always need for secure transmission of information and simultaneously compact-size photonic circuits. This can be achieved if surface plasmon-polaritons (SPPs) are used as source of information, and the reduced hacking as the transmission phenomenon. In this article, an SPP-based reduced hacking scheme is presented at interface between atomic medium and metallic conductor. The SPP propagation

With the rapid demand for underwater optical communication (UOC), studies of UOC degradation by oceanic turbulence have attached increasing attention worldwide and become a research hot-spot in recent years. Previous studies used a simplified and inaccurate oceanic turbulence spectrum, in which the eddy diffusivity ratio between temperature and salinity is assumed to be unity and the outer scale of

The Jaynes–Cummings model with or without rotating-wave approximation plays a major role to study the interaction between atom and light. We investigate the Jaynes–Cummings model beyond the rotating-wave approximation. Treating the counter-rotating terms as periodic drivings, we solve the model in the extended Floquet space. It is found that the full energy spectrum folded in the quasi-energy bands

X-ray speckle tracking based methods can provide results with best reported angular accuracy up to 2 nrad. However, duo to the multi-frame requirement for phase retrieval and the possible instability of the x-ray beam, mechanical and background vibration, the actual accuracy will inevitably be degraded by these time-dependent fluctuations. Therefore, not only spatial position, but also temporal features

We report the production of 39K and 87Rb Bose–Einstein condensates (BECs) in the lowest hyperfine states | F = 1,mF = 1 〉 simultaneously. We collect atoms in bright/dark magneto-optical traps (MOTs) of 39K/87Rb to overcome the light-assisted losses of 39K atoms. Gray molasses cooling on the D1 line of the 39K is used to effectively increase the phase density, which improves the loading efficiency of

The shielding property of cylinder with circular, square, and equilateral triangle holes was investigated by finite element analysis (FEA). The hole area (S hole) plays an important role in magnetic circuit on the surface of cylinder. When S hole is less than the critical area (S H), cylinder with three shapes of holes obtained the same remanent magnetization inside, indicating that the shielding property

Weak value amplification has shown its superiority in measurement of small physical effects. Here we introduce a signal-recycled weak-value-based velocity measurement strategy to decrease the attenuation of detected photons during the post-selection. Like the power-recycled scheme, we can improve the number of detected photons and signal-to-noise ratio of velocity by forming a cavity. However, optimal

This paper presents intensive investigation of dynamics of high frequency nonlinear modulated excitations in a damped bimodal lattice. The effects of the dissipation are considered through a linear dissipation coefficient whose evolution in terms of the carrier wave frequency is checked. There appears that the dissipation coefficient increases with the carrier wave frequency. In the linear limit and

We study the stabilization properties of dipolar Bose–Einstein condensate in a deep one-dimensional optical lattice with an additional external parametrically modulated harmonic trap potential. Through both analytical and numerical methods, we solve a dimensionless nonlocal nonlinear discrete Gross–Pitaevskii equation with both the short-range contact interaction and the long-range dipole–dipole interaction

This paper proposes a three-dimensional (3D) controlled quantum teleportation scheme for an unknown single-qutrit state. The scheme is first introduced in an ideal environment, and its detailed implementation is described via the transformation of the quantum system. Four types of 3D-Pauli-like noise corresponding to Weyl operators are created by Kraus operators: trit-flip, t-phase-flip, trit-phase-flip

Shortcut to adiabaticity (STA) is a speedway to produce the same final state that would result in an adiabatic, infinitely slow process. Two typical techniques to engineer STA are developed by either introducing auxiliary counterdiabatic fields or finding new Hamiltonians that own dynamical invariants to constraint the system into the adiabatic paths. In this paper, an efficient method is introduced

We use the generalized Wootters formula, the positive partial transpose (PPT) criterion and the matched entanglement witness, to detect entanglement of three-qubit GHZ and W superposition state and its decayed states. It shows that the results of the generalized Wootters formula in the part near the W state are tight. In the other parts, the PPT criterion is superior to the generalized Wootters formula

We investigate the problem of ℋ ∞ state estimation for discrete-time Markov jump neural networks. The transition probabilities of the Markov chain are assumed to be piecewise time-varying, and the persistent dwell-time switching rule, as a more general switching rule, is adopted to describe this variation characteristic. Afterwards, based on the classical Lyapunov stability theory, a Lyapunov function

The Schamel–Korteweg–de Vries equation is investigated by the approach of dynamics. The existences of solitary wave including ω-shape solitary wave and periodic wave are proved via investigating the dynamical behaviors with phase space analyses. The sufficient conditions to guarantee the existences of the above solutions in different regions of the parametric space are given. All possible exact explicit

We present detailed investigations of structural and static/dynamic magnetic properties of hydrogenated hcp-Co80 57Fe4Ir16 soft magnetic thin films. Two different kinds of defects, i.e., destructive and non-destructive, were demonstrated by controlling the negative bias voltage of the hydrogenation process. Our results show that the structure and magnetic properties of our sample can be tuned by the

We used the Jordan–Wigner transform and the invariant eigenoperator method to study the magnetic phase diagram and the magnetization curve of the spin-1/2 alternating ferrimagnetic diamond chain in an external magnetic field at finite temperature. The magnetization versus external magnetic field curve exhibits a 1/3 magnetization plateau at absolute zero and finite temperatures, and the width of the

The paper aims at modeling and simulating the atomization process of the close-coupled ring-hole nozzle in vacuum induction gas atomization (VIGA) for metallic powder production. First of all, the primary atomization of the ring-hole nozzle is simulated by the volume of fluid (VOF) coupled large eddy simulation (LES) model. To simulate the secondary atomization process, we use the method of selecting

PbZr0.2Ti0.8O3 (PZT) gate insulator with the thickness of 30 nm is grown by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) in AlGaN/GaN metal–insulator–semiconductor high electron mobility transistors (MIS-HEMTs). The ferroelectric effect of PZT AlGaN/GaN MIS-HEMT is demonstrated. The polarization charge in PZT varies with different gate voltages. The equivalent polarization charge model (EPCM) is proposed for calculating

We simulate the self-assembly of active colloidal molecules from binary mixtures of spherical particles using a Brownian dynamics algorithm. These particles interact via phoretic interactions, which are determined by two independently tunable parameters, surface activity and surface mobility. In systems composed of equal-size particles, we observe the formation of colloidal molecules with well-defined

Titanium and titanium–palladium alloys are important potential materials for nuclear waste container, which will endure both intense γ-irradiation and groundwater erosion. Therefore, it is very important to investigate the corrosion behavior of the container materials. In this research, the cumulative dose effect of TA8-1 type titanium–palladium alloy (TA8-1) and TA2-type pure titanium (TA2) under

The mechanical property and deformation mechanism of twinned gold nanowire with non-uniform distribution of twinned boundaries (TBs) are studied by the molecular dynamics (MD) method. It is found that the twin boundary spacing (TBS) has a great effect on the strength and plasticity of the nanowires with uniform distribution of TBs. And the strength enhances with the decrease of TBS, while its plasticity

In our relevant paper [Zhao S X (2021) Chin. Phys. B 30 055201], a delta distribution of negative ions is given by fluid simulation and preliminarily explained by decomposed anions transport equation. In the present work, first, the intrinsic connection between the electropositive plasma transport equation and spring oscillator dynamic equation is established. Inspired by this similarity, reformed

This paper aims at studying the influence mechanism of gas temperatures (300 K, 400 K, 500 K, and 600 K) on gas atomization by simulating the integral atomization process of the close-coupled nozzle in vacuum induction gas atomization (VIGA). The primary atomization is simulated by the volume of fluid (VOF) approach, and the second atomization is studied by the discrete phase model (DPM) combined with

We introduce a new integral scheme namely improved Kudryashov method for solving any nonlinear fractional differential model. Specifically, we apply the approach to the nonlinear space–time fractional model leading the wave to spread in electrical transmission lines (s-tfETL), the time fractional complex Schrdinger (tfcS), and the space–time M-fractional Schrdinger–Hirota (s-tM-fSH) models to verify

The resistive random access memory (RRAM) has stimulated a variety of promising applications including programmable analog circuit, massive data storage, neuromorphic computing, etc. These new emerging applications have huge demands on high integration density and low power consumption. The cross-point configuration or passive array, which offers the smallest footprint of cell size and feasible capability

The era of information explosion is coming and information need to be continuously stored and randomly accessed over long-term periods, which constitute an insurmountable challenge for existing data centers. At present, computing devices use the von Neumann architecture with separate computing and memory units, which exposes the shortcomings of “memory bottleneck”. Nonvolatile memristor can realize

The in-plane effective 90 magnetization rotation of Co2FeAl thin film grown on PMN-PT substrate induced by the electric field is investigated at room temperature. The magnetic hysteresis loops under different positive and negative electric fields are obtained, which reveals remanent magnetization can be mediated by the electric field. Moreover, under positive electric fields, the obvious 90 magnetization

The x-ray absorption spectroscopy is a powerful tool for the detection of thermodynamic conditions and atomic structures on warm dense matter. Here, we perform first-principles molecular dynamics and x-ray absorption spectrum calculations for warm dense ammonia, which is one of the major constituents of Uranus and Neptune. The nitrogen K-shell x-ray absorption spectrum (XAS) is determined along the

Lattice defects induced by ion implantation into SiC have been widely investigated in the decades by various techniques. One of the non-destructive techniques suitable to study the lattice defects in SiC is the optical characterization. In this work, confocal Raman scattering spectroscopy and photoluminescence spectrum have been used to study the effects of 134-keV implantation and thermal treatment

The fluid model, also called the macroscopic model, is commonly used to simulate low temperature and low pressure radiofrequency plasma discharges. By varying the parameters of the model, numerical simulation allows us to study several cases, providing us the physico-chemical information that is often difficult to obtain experimentally. In this work, using the fluid model, we employ numerical simulation

One of the novel phenomena of Ar/O2 inductively coupled plasma, the delta negative ions density profile is discovered by the fluid simulation at very low electronegativity. The anions delta is found to be formed by the collaboration of successive plasma transport phases. The plasma transport itself is affected by the delta, exhibiting many new phenomena. A new type of Helmholtz equation is devised

Partial coalescence is a complicated flow phenomenon. In the present study, the coalescence process is simulated with the volume of fluid (VOF) method. The numerical results reveal that a downward high-velocity region plays a significant role in partial coalescence. The high-velocity region pulls the droplet downward continuously which is an important factor for the droplet turning into a prolate shape

We propose and demonstrate a passively mode-locked erbium-doped fiber laser (EDFL) based on zinc-oxide/polydimethylsiloxane (ZnO/PDMS) saturable absorber (SA) that evanescently interacts with the light on a tapered fiber. The ZnO/PDMS composite is coated on the whole surface of the tapered fiber to guarantee the maximum efficiency of the SA device, with a measured insertion loss of 0.87 dB and a modulation

Inspired by a recent experiment [Phys. Rev. Lett. 122 253201(2019)] that an unprecedented quantum interference was observed in the way of stimulated Raman adiabatic passage (STIRAP) due to the coexisting resonant- and detuned-STIRAPs, we comprehensively study this effect. Our results uncover the scheme robustness towards any external-field fluctuations coming from laser intensity noise and imperfect

Despite anionic doping has been widely implemented to increase the visible light activity of TiO2, it often gives rise to a dramatical anodic shift in current onset potential. Herein, we show an effective method to achieve the huge cathodic shift of TiO2 photoanode with significantly enhanced visible light photo-electrochemical activity by nitrogen/cobalt co-implantation. The nitrogen/cobalt co-doped

An ordinary differential equation (ODE) model of tumor growth with the effect of tumor-immune interaction and chemotherapeutic drug is presented and studied. By analyzing the existence and stability of equilibrium points, the dynamic behavior of the system is discussed elaborately. The chaotic dynamics can be obtained in our model by equilibria analysis, which show the existence of chaos by calculating

The relationship between ions irradiation and the induced microstructures (point defects, dislocations, clusters, etc.) could be better analyzed and explained by simulation. The mean field rate theory and cluster dynamics are used to simulate the effect of implanted Fe on the point defects concentration quantitatively. It is found that the depth distribution of point defect concentration is relatively

We show the structural and optical properties of non-polar a-plane GaN epitaxial films modified by Si ion implantation. Upon gradually raising Si fluences from 5 1013 cm−2 to 5 1015 cm−2, the n-type dopant concentration gradually increases from 4.6 1018 cm−2 to 4.5 1020 cm−2, while the generated vacancy density accordingly raises from 3.7 1013 cm−2 to 3.8 1015 cm−2. Moreover, despite that the implantation

The nonlinear propagation of an intense Laguerre–Gaussian (LG) laser pulse in a parabolic preformed plasma channel is analyzed by means of the variational method. The evolution equation of the spot size is derived including the effects of relativistic self-focusing, preformed channel focusing, and ponderomotive self-channeling. The parametric conditions of the LG laser pulse and plasma channel for

The energy levels, transition energies, transition probabilities, weighted oscillator strengths, and line strengths of Li-like ions (Z = 7–11) in dense plasmas are investigated in this work. The relativistic effects and electron correlation effects are described by the MCDHF method. The ion sphere model is applied to include the dense plasma screening effect. The ground configuration 1s22s and the

In traditional viewpoint, excitatory modulation always promotes neural firing activities. On contrary, the negative responses of complex bursting behaviors to excitatory self-feedback mediated by autapse with time delay are acquired in the present paper. Two representative bursting patterns which are identified respectively to be “Fold/Big Homoclinic” bursting and “Circle/Fold cycle” bursting with

The wave–particle duality relation derived by Englert sets an upper bound of the extractable information from wave and particle properties in a two-path interferometer. Surprisingly, previous studies demonstrated that the introduction of a quantum beamsplitter in the interferometer could break the limitation of this upper bound, due to interference between wave and particle states. Along the other

Concentrated solid-solution alloys (CSAs) have demonstrated promising irradiation resistance depending on their compositions. Under irradiation, various defects can be produced. One of the most important parameters characterizing the defect production and the resulting defect number is the threshold displacement energies (E d). In this work, we report the results of E d values in a series of Ni–Fe–Cr

The interface state of hydrogen-terminated (C–H) diamond metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET) is critical for device performance. In this paper, we investigate the fixed charges and interface trap states in C–H diamond MOSFETs by using different gate dielectric processes. The devices use Al2O3 as gate dielectrics that are deposited via atomic layer deposition (ALD) at 80 C and

Low dimensional materials are suitable candidates applying in next-generation high-performance electronic, optoelectronic, and energy storage devices because of their uniquely physical and chemical properties. In particular, one-dimensional (1D) atomic wires (AWs) exfoliating from 1D van der Waals (vdW) bulks are more promising in next generation nanometer (nm) even sub-nm device applications owing

We systematically investigate the four-wave mixing (FWM) spectrum in a dual-cavity hybrid optomechanical system, which is made up of one optical cavity with an ensemble of two-level atoms and another with a mechanical oscillator. In this work, we propose that the hybrid dual-cavity optomechanical system can be employed as a highly sensitive mass sensor due to the fact that the FWM spectrum generated

Micromotion induced by the radio-frequency field contributes greatly to the systematic frequency shifts of optical frequency standards. Although different strategies for mitigating this effect have been proposed, trapping ions optically has the potential to provide a generic solution to the elimination of micromotion. This could be achieved by trapping a single ion in the dipole trap composed of a

The exciton Stark shift and polarization in hemispherical quantum dots (HQDs) each as a function of strength and orientation of applied electric field are theoretically investigated by an exact diagonalization method. A highly anisotropic Stark redshift of exciton energy is found. As the electric field is rotated from Voigt to Faraday geometry, the redshift of exciton energy monotonically decreases

A type of Si-based blocked impurity band photoelectric detector with a planar architecture is designed and demonstrated by a modified silicon semiconductor processing technique. In this route, multiple ion implantation is utilized to ensure the uniform distribution of the P elements in silicon, and rapid thermal annealing treatment is used to activate the P atoms and reduce damages caused by ion-implantation

Alkali-metal atomic magnetometers employing longitudinal carrier magnetic field have ultrahigh sensitivity to measure transverse magnetic fields and have been applied in a variety of precise-measurement science and technologies. In practice, the magnetometer response is not rigorously proportional to the measured transverse magnetic fields and the existing fundamental analytical model of this magnetometer

A single-stage ring resonator capable of introducing six modes within the ultra-wideband (UWB) passband is presented. The sextuple-mode resonator consists of three rings and three sets of stepped-impedance open stubs. Based on this sextuple-mode resonator, a UWB filter fed by the interdigital-coupling line (ICL) is designed. And we propose a two-round interpolation method to obtain the filter’s initial

This article investigates an improved 4H-SiC trench gate metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET) (UMOSFET) fitted with a super-junction (SJ) shielded region. The modified structure is composed of two n-type conductive pillars, three p-type conductive pillars, an oxide trench under the gate, and a light n-type current spreading layer (NCSL) under the p-body. The n-type conductive

The terahertz (THz) vortex beam generators are designed and theoretically investigated based on single-layer ultra-thin transmission metasurfaces. Noncontinuous phase changes of metasurfaces are obtained by utilizing Pancharatnam–Berry phase elements, which possess different rotation angles and are arranged on two concentric rings centered on the origin. The circularly polarized incident THz beam could