Integrable quantum many-body systems are considered to equilibrate to generalized Gibbs ensembles (GGEs). A general mechanism of such relaxation to GGE has been shown for unitary evolutions of exactly solvable quadratic bosonic systems in the thermodynamic limit. Here, we explore the role of locality and interaction with surroundings in the relaxation by considering the reduced dynamics of a class

We have developed an effective boundary condition that can naturally interconnect the discretized field at the boundary to the continuum field outside the analysis domain. The interconnection must consider both radiation and localized waves because biharmonic waves are characterized by the localized waves generated around a scatterer. The interconnection is realized through a layer termed a near-field

Using the method of noncommutative geometry, we define a topological invariant in disordered bosonic Bogoliubov–de Gennes systems, which possess a unique mathematical property — non-Hermiticity. To demonstrate the validity of the definition, we investigate a disordered artificial spin ice model in two dimensions. In the clean limit, we verify that the topological index perfectly coincides with the

On the basis of our own theoretical formulation for virus infection, we define a reproduction index, RW8(i), as a function of date i. RW8(i) instantaneously responds to social activities causing infection on date i. We can easily calculate RW8(i) from the data of newly confirmed cases daily. After a theoretical justification of RW8(i), we compare RW8(i) among different countries. RW8(i) describes how

Quantum computation may well be performed with the use of electric circuits. Especially, the Schrödinger equation can be simulated by a lumped-element model of transmission lines, which is applicable to low-frequency electric circuits. In this paper, we show that the Dirac equation is simulated by a distributed-element model, which is applicable to high-frequency electric circuits. Then, a set of universal

A deep understanding of the physical interactions between nanoparticles and target cell membranes is important in designing efficient nanocarrier systems for drug delivery applications. Here, we present a theoretical framework to describe the hydrodynamic flow field induced by a point-force singularity (Stokeslet) directed parallel to a finite-sized elastic membrane endowed with shear and bending rigidities

We have succeeded in obtaining the crystal-site-selective spectra of the natural iron Fe3BO6 by using a high-sensitive 57Fe synchrotron Mössbauer diffractometer at SPring-8 BL11XU. In the spectra measured by using the pure nuclear Bragg reflections, most of the dynamical effects of γ-ray diffraction disappear, but the higher-order interference effect between the close nuclear energy levels still survives

In this study, the friction mechanism and its relation to the force chains during powder compaction were analyzed by using the discrete element method. The results showed that the macroscopic friction coefficient initially increased and then remained steady at different compaction velocities. The particle slip ratio had the same evolution law as that of the friction coefficient. The microscopic friction

We propose a Monte-Carlo-based method for reconstructing sparse signals in the formulation of sparse linear regression in a high-dimensional setting. The basic idea of this algorithm is to explicitly select variables or covariates to represent a given data vector or responses and accept randomly generated updates of that selection if and only if the energy or cost function decreases. This algorithm

The crossover phenomena between magnetic and nonmagnetic states in the mixed-valent Eu compounds are investigated by focusing on the role of the spin–orbit coupling in the 4f electrons. An effective impurity Anderson model for the Eu ion is derived in the framework of the LS-coupling scheme and analyzed by the numerical renormalization group method. As a result, it is shown that the singlet ground

We report the electrical resistivity, thermoelectric power, and thermal conductivity of single-crystalline and sintered samples of the 5d pyrochlore oxide CsW2O6. The electrical resistivity of the single crystal is 3 mΩ cm at 295 K and gradually increases with decreasing temperature above 215 K (Phase I). The thermoelectric power of the single-crystalline and sintered samples shows a constant value

The ground state of a hole-doped t–t′–J ladder with four legs favors a striped charge distribution. Spin excitation from the striped ground state is known to exhibit incommensurate spin excitation near \(\textbf{q} = (\pi ,\pi )\) along the leg direction (qx direction). However, an outward dispersion from the incommensurate position toward \(\textbf{q} = (0,\pi )\) is strong in intensity, inconsistent

The weak-field magnetoresistance is calculated in a two-dimensional system containing scatterers with short-range potential within a self-consistent Born approximation. The result obtained by a formula of the magnetoconductivity previously derived and by a direct expansion of the conductivity in a magnetic field are in agreement with each other, and their comparison gives good insight into roles of

We investigate the thermoelectric properties of CaAl2Si2-type Zintl phase compounds AB2X2 (A = Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, B = Mg, Zn, Cd, and X = P, As, Sb) using first principles band calculations within the Boltzmann transport theory assuming the constant relaxation time approximation. We introduce the effective degree of valley degeneracy nTE to focus on the relationship between the thermoelectric properties

We examined the high-pressure electronic structure of a single-component molecular conductor [Pd(dddt)2] (dddt = 5,6-dihydro-1,4-dithiin-2,3-dithiolate) at room temperature, on the basis of the crystal structure determined by single-crystal synchrotron X-ray diffraction measurements at 5.9 GPa. The monoclinic unit cell contains four molecules that form two crystallographically independent molecular

In this study, the properties of magnetized argon dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) at low gas pressure (∼mTorr) in a jet configuration were experimentally investigated. An external magnetic field (\( \lesssim \)0.1 T) was applied in the jet’s axial direction for discharges enhancements, and two distinct discharge states were identified in the operation space defined by the magnetic field strength

To show the properties and existence of vector nonlinear waves in a one-dimensional two-component Bose–Einstein condensate system, we investigate the pair-transition-coupled nonlinear Schrödinger equation. Through the two forms for Darboux transformations, we obtain a family of nonlinear wave solutions describing the extreme events. This family of solutions contains Akhmediev breather, Kuznetsov–Ma

Opinion dynamics is one of the important topics in sociophysics, in which opinion is determined as the collective behavior of many interacting individuals. In this paper, we propose a simple linear prediction model for approval ratings of governments using article number in newspapers. The fairly good agreement between real data and the time sequence generated by the prediction model suggests that

We study theoretically the wave packet dynamics in borophene, a two-dimensional boron crystal that hosts symmetry protected an anisotropic tilted Dirac cone where the low energy quasi-particle excitations are described by the massless Dirac equation. We find pronounced zitterbewegung of the wave packet, depending strongly on its spin orientation. An interesting dynamical scenario is exhibited by the

Thermoelectric properties of chromium-modified Mn2Sb are systematically investigated to evaluate the power factors. Single-crystalline samples of Mn2−xCrxSb with 0 ≤ x ≤ 0.1 were successfully grown by a slow cooling method. As temperature decreases, the resistivities of Cr-doped samples decrease and exhibit a clear jump with hysteresis, reflecting a first-order transition from a ferrimagnetic (FI)

Electronic nematic states in cuprate high-Tc superconductors are not only ubiquitous but also very diverse. Recently, a B1g-symmetry nematic transition around the pseudogap temperature T* has been reported in Y- and Bi-based compounds, whereas B2g-symmetry nematicity has been observed in Hg-based compounds. To understand the reason for the difference in the symmetry of nematicity, we examine the charge-channel

In this paper, we propose a method for estimating the physical parameters from dispersion relation data. The conventional analysis method for dispersion relation data has a process of fitting parameters manually, so the analysis cost is high and the method cannot handle large amounts of data or high-dimensional data effectively. Moreover, it is impossible to discuss the estimation confidence with the

We investigate the effect of strong electronic correlation on the massless Dirac fermion system, α-(BEDT-TTF)2I3, under pressure. In this organic salt, one can control the electronic correlation by changing pressure and access the quantum critical point between the massless Dirac fermion phase and the charge ordering phase. We theoretically study the electronic structure of this system by applying

We report time-resolved angle-resolved photoemission study on Ta2Ni1−xCoxSe5 (x = 0.10) in which the excitonic insulator (EI) transition temperature is reduced by Co substitution for Ni. In the photoinduced phase, the conduction band is clearly observed and the energy gap between the conduction and valence bands is undetectably small within the energy resolution. Assuming that the energy gap is closed

We examine the ground state of a dilute two-dimensional axial-next-nearest-neighbor Ising model with the interaction ratio κ (≡ −J2/J1) > 1/2. We calculate the spin overlap function Q together with the antiphase (〈2〉 phase) magnetization M〈2〉 on medium lattices of L × L (L ≤ 24) using a cluster heat bath method. The 〈2〉 phase is destroyed by a small quantity of non-magnetic atoms due to a random impurity

A novel ternary Laves phase Mg2Ir2.3Ge1.7 was synthesized in this study. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction experiments confirmed a Mg2Cu3Si-type structure (P63/mmc, \(D_{6h}^{4}\), No. 194). The structure comprises a Mg hexagonal diamond, an Ir/Ge breathing Kagome network, and a Ge triangular networks; it is thus classified as a partially ordered Laves phase that is neither ordered nor disordered. This

The elastic anomaly in the paraelectric–ferroelectric phase transition in BaTiO3-related materials is a known precursor phenomenon. However, in the paraelectric phase, this behavior is unexpected from the average cubic crystal structure and its origin is still controversial. In this study, to investigate the origin of the elastic anomaly, both elastic and dielectric experiments were conducted on 10%KF-substituted

The Tsuji formula which relates the Fermi-surface curvature and the weak-field Hall conductivity in metals is discussed in Haldane’s framework.

In this study, we performed comprehensive morphological investigations of the spontaneous formations of effective network structures among elements in coupled logistic maps, specifically, with a delayed connection change. Our proposed model shows ten states having different structural and dynamic features of the network topologies. Based on the parameter values, various stable networks, such as hierarchal

We have synthesized polycrystalline samples of Eu2Pt6(Al1−xGax)15 (x = 0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, and 1) and examined electrical resistivity, magnetic susceptibility, high-field magnetization, and X-ray absorption spectra at the Eu L3-edge. With increasing x up to 0.1, the first-order valence transition is shifted to low temperatures. For x ≥ 0.1, a nearly divalent state is stabilized down to the lowest

This study demonstrated the oxygen deficiency (δ) dependence of the effect of applied pressure (Pappl) on the superconducting critical temperature (Tc) for a perovskite-related mixed-anion layered compound, Sr2VFeAsO3−δ (21113V). As-grown (AG) with δ = 0.116(2) (δ = 0.116(2)–AG), hot-pressed (HP) with δ = 0.124(3) (δ = 0.124(3)–HP), and hot-pressed with δ = 0.150(2) (δ = 0.150(2)–HP) samples were evaluated

In this study, the weakly nonlinear propagation of pressure waves in bubbly flows is theoretically investigated, with a particular focus on different types of initial flow patterns. At the initial state, the gas and liquid phases exhibit a high velocity with uniform distribution and a low velocity with nonuniform distribution, respectively. Using basic conservation equations based on a two-fluid model

We propose a generative model to detect globally optimal community structures in networks by utilizing random walks. Sophisticated parameter optimization algorithms are developed based on the Markov chain Monte Carlo methods to overcome limitations of the EM algorithm, which has been used in previous works but is sometimes trapped in local optima depending on initial conditions. We apply the algorithms

The 5d pyrochlore oxide Cd2Re2O7 exhibits successive phase transitions from a cubic pyrochlore structure (phase I) to a tetragonal structure without inversion symmetry below Ts1 of ∼200 K (phase II) and further to another noncentrosymmetric tetragonal structure below Ts2 of ∼120 K (phase III). The two low-temperature phases may be characterized by odd-parity multipolar orders induced by the Fermi liquid

We have measured the temperature dependences of the thermal conductivity of LaSrFe1−xGaxO4 (\(x = 0,0.01\)) single crystals with a two-dimensional (2D) antiferromagnetic (AF) spin network of Fe3+ spins with the spin quantum number S = 5/2 in zero field and a magnetic field of 14 T. A peak originating from the thermal conductivity due to spins, κspin, has been observed at ∼110 K in the temperature dependence

The entanglement entropy S is calculated on the system boundary of the square-lattice ±J Ising model by the time-evolving block decimation (TEBD) method. The random average 〈S〉 is evaluated on the Nishimori line, through the successive multiplications of transfer matrices, whose width N is up to 300. It is confirmed that 〈S〉 shows critical singularity around the Nishimori point.

Using first-principles calculations, we examine the transition temperature Tc of superconductivity in sodium tungsten bronze (NaxWO3, where x is equal to or less than unity). Although Tc is relatively low Tc (\( \lesssim \) 3 K), it is interesting that its characteristic exponential dependence on x has been experimentally observed at \(0.2 \lesssim x \lesssim 0.4\). On the basis of the McMillan equation

The melting curve of substitutional alloy AB with bcc structure can be obtained by the statistical moment method. The effect of pressure and impurities on the melting of crystal is considered by only using the solid phase. Numerical calculations have been performed for alloys FeX (X = Ni, Ta, Nb, and Cr). Our calculated results are compared with experiments and the other calculations.

With use of the warm, two-fluid model, analytic expressions are obtained for the maximum values of the magnetic field, the transverse electric field, and the electric potential in a magnetosonic shock wave in a finite beta plasma. These values are given as functions of the shock speed, propagation angle, the Alfvén speed, and the sound speed.

Microorganisms can generate net flows effectively even in a low Reynolds number regime by using asymmetric beating motion of hair-like cilia. Here, we demonstrate a high-speed novel artificial cilium driven by the heat engine using a self-propelled swing motion in a nucleate- to film-boiling regime. In particular, we report the asymmetrical motion of the thermal cilium with an asymmetric joint structure

Realization of magnetic atomic layers exhibiting strong magnetic anisotropy is desired for future magnetic memory applications. Here, the magnetocrystalline anisotropy of Co-based 3d transition-metal thin films is systematically investigated by using first-principles calculations. The computational results predict that large perpendicular magnetocrystalline anisotropy can be achieved by tuning the

An osmium chloride with the chemical formula of OsxCl3 (x = 0.81) was synthesized and its crystal structure and thermodynamic properties were investigated. OsxCl3 crystallizes in a layered CdCl2-type structure with the triangular lattice partially occupied by Os ions on average. However, on microscopic length scales, the triangular lattice is composed of nano-domains with a honeycomb arrangement of

Critical properties of segregation for Al1−xBix liquid binary alloys are studied systematically using both static and dynamic effects. The static method involves thermodynamics of mixing such as energy of mixing, enthalpy of mixing and entropy of mixing. The dynamic effects are obtained from the properties of shear viscosity and diffusion coefficient. Both static and dynamic properties are evaluated

New superconductors, Lix(CnH2n+3N)yFe1−zSe (\(n = 6,8,18\)), have been synthesized via the co-intercalation of linear monoamines together with Li into FeSe. The distance between neighboring Fe layers expands up to 55.7 Å for n = 18, which is much larger than the previous record of 19 Å in the FeSe-based intercalation superconductors. Tc remains saturated at ∼42 K.

In this paper a model for laser induced breakdown in water is presented, that includes the net gain and losses of the free electron density. In this regard we adopted a simple theoretical formulation relying on the analytical solution of a rate equation that describes the growth of the electron density due to the joined effect of multiphoton and cascade ionization processes. Here, the rate also includes

A recently proposed quantum mechanical criterion “concavity of energy eigenvalues” for the second law of thermodynamics is studied also for classical particle systems confined in a bounded region by a potential with a time-dependent coupling constant. It is shown that the work done by particles in a quench process cannot exceed that in the corresponding quasi-static process, if and only if the energy

The induction mechanism of Tollmien–Schlichting waves (T–S waves) in instability of plane Poiseuille flow is investigated by analyzing the solution to the eigenvalue problem for the Orr–Sommerfeld equation in the present paper. Two kinds of vortical flow fields of disturbance are identified to play major roles in instability, i.e., a central vortex (CV) and a boundary vortex-pair (BV), which each characterize

Electromechanical systems are often subjected to mechanical stress and vibrations which deeply influence their overall behavior, and nonlinear effects are predominant in such class of physical systems. The main objective of this short note is to propose evidence of stochastic resonance behavior in complex electromechanical devices, where noisy vibrations regularize the behavior of the device.

Multiplicatively interacting stochastic process consists of many particles having their own values and they do binary interactions to exchange their values multiplicatively. It is known that the probability distribution of the value scaled by its growth rate obeys a power law at the tail. We have also found that the power-law exponent can be consistently derived according to a method of moment equality

We propose a two-dimensional (2D) version of Thouless pumping that can be realized by using ultracold atoms in optical lattices. To be specific, we consider a 2D square lattice tight-binding model with an obliquely introduced superlattice. It is demonstrated that quantized particle transport occurs in this system, and that the transport is expressed as a solution of a Diophantine equation. This topological

A method of precise measurement of the \(X^{1}\Sigma (v,J,F) = (0,0,1/2) - (1,1,1/2)\) transitions in HeH+ (89.1 THz), NeH+ (81.3 THz), and ArH+ (77.1 THz) molecular ions is proposed. These E1-allowed transitions are useful for locking the frequencies of infrared lasers because they are free from electric-quadrupole shifts. The DC Stark and Zeeman shifts are suppressed to below 10−16. The molecular

We report an angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy study on NaSn2As2 in which a Sn 5p band is expected to provide interesting Fermi surface geometry with hole-like and electron-like curvatures. We observe the Sn 5p band forming a flower shaped Fermi surface with hole-like character around the zone center and electron-like character near the zone edge as expected from the band structure calculation

Two-dimensional stationary solutions of the Navier–Stokes equations with exterior forcing often exhibit regular patterns at high Reynolds numbers. To explain these patterns theoretically, we apply a theory that was developed independently by Prandtl and Batchelor. Specifically, we apply this theory to nearly circular or elliptical vortices that appear in Kolmogorov flows, and we show that the theoretical

The encoding properties of the stochastic Loewner evolution (SLE) and its analog driven by a chaotic diffusion process were investigated from a thermodynamical perspective. Using the Fokker–Planck equation for the trajectories of the curves of the SLE and the chaotic model, we analyzed the time-dependent Gibbs entropy based on Prigogine’s formulation. We numerically simulated the identified entropy

We investigate the emergence of quantum critical points near a two-channel Kondo phase by evaluating an f-electron entropy of a seven-orbital impurity Anderson model hybridized with three (Γ7 and Γ8) conduction bands with the use of a numerical renormalization group method. First we consider the case of Pr3+ ion, in which quadrupole two-channel Kondo effect is known to occur for the local Γ3 doublet

In-plane magnetoresistance for organic massless Dirac electron system (OMDES) α-(BEDT-TTF)2I3 and θ-(BEDT-TTF)2I3 in addition to possible candidates of the OMDES α-(BETS)2I3 and α-(BEDT-STF)2I3, was investigated under hydrostatic pressure. We have found the universal behavior of the in-plane magnetoresistance under a low magnetic field perpendicular to two-dimensional plane. As for α-(BEDT-TTF)2I3

We predict that surface acoustic waves are generated preferentially in one direction in a heterostructure of a thin magnetic film on a non-magnetic substrate. The non-reciprocity arises from magneto-elastic coupling and magneto-rotation coupling, the former being dominant for YIG/GGG heterostructures. For YIG films thinner than about 100 nm, the surface acoustic wave amplitude is nearly unidirectional

The nuclear magnetic relaxation time T1 in a ferrimagnetic insulators is calculated within the mean-field approximation for the magnetic exchange interactions and the Raman process involving the hyperfine interaction. We find that the value of 1/T1 on one type of site increases rapidly near the compensation temperature T0, whereas that on the other type of site does not increase up to Curie temperature

To investigate the electronic state of CeRu2Al10, which exhibits an unusual antiferromagnetic order below TN = 27 K, we measured the electrical resistivity ρ, the transverse magnetoresistance (TMR), the Hall resistivity ρH, and the Shubnikov–de Haas (SdH) effect at low temperatures down to ∼20 mK and high magnetic fields up to 17.8 T. The temperature dependence of ρ at zero magnetic field exhibits

To elucidate the spin dynamics of La2−xSrxCuO4, which couples with the charge degree of freedom, the spin excitations spanning the characteristic energy (Ecross ∼ 35–40 meV) are investigated for underdoped x = 0.10 and optimally doped (OP) x = 0.16 through inelastic neutron scattering measurements. Analysis based on a two-component picture of high-quality data clarified the possible coexistence of