Objective A research was conducted to explore the reuse possibilities of the textile dye effluent propagated from the textile dye industry. The current study reports vermiculture based effluent treatment method through the chief intention of interconversion of contaminated effluent water into ecologically harmless water. Methods Hence a new and typical technology, vermifiltration of effluent using

In this paper, we provide an algorithm for verifying the validity of identities of the form ∑A⊆n¯cA‖xA‖2=0, where xA=∑i∈Axi and n¯={1,⋯,n} in inner-product spaces. Such algorithm is used to verify the validity, in inner-product spaces, for a number of identities. These include a generalization of the parallelepiped law. We also show that such identities hold only in inner-product spaces. Thus, the

Objective The aim of present study was to determine the effect of interaction among different production variables on esterase production from Serratia sp. EST-4. Method The optimum and combined effect of independent parameters were determined using Plackett-Burman and Central Composite Design (CCD) (Design Expert 11). Results The effect of six parameters-cotton seed oil, peptone and maltose concentrations

The increasing trend of extreme heat events poses serious implications for rice production in China, especially when it coincides with the heat-sensitive reproductive growth period (RGP) leading to high temperature-induced spikelet sterility. (2) Methods: This study analyzed the long-term meteorological data of Jiangsu province, located at lower reaches of Yangtze River Valley, to ascertain changing

Langevin differential equations with fractional orders play a significant role due to their applications in vibration theory, viscoelasticity and electrical circuits. In this paper, we mainly study the explicit analytical representation of solutions to a class of Langevin time-delay differential equations with general fractional orders, for both homogeneous and inhomogeneous cases. First, we propose

Background To determine the effect of quarantine on eating habits and weight change, as well as the primary changes in weight and eating habits among King Saud University students. Aim This study aims to identify the effects of quarantine on eating behaviours and weight changes. Also, it determines the main changes in eating behaviours and weight among KSU students in Riyadh from March 23 to June 21

Frizzled receptors (FZDs) are 7-pass transmembrane proteins and members of the G protein-coupled receptor (GPCRs) superfamily. They are classified as WNT receptors and show specific and dynamic expression during different embryonic development stages of invertebrates and vertebrates. They are required in the regulation of developmental processes such as cell specification, cell polarity, and neural

India has recently started shale exploration in fifty blocks of the country. The shale reserves are exploited by hydraulic fracturing. Most of the shale reserve regions are well-cultivated land for farming. Hydraulic fracturing technology requires a massive amount of water and land, making it controversial in a highly-populated country like India. In this work, the identification of consequences as

Shrews (family Soricidae) are tiny mole-shaped mammalsbelong to the order Eulipotyphla. The main objective of this study is to screen wild specimens of shrews for specific RNA viruses cause hemorrhagic fevers.Wildspecimens of shrews were collected from rural areas in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Collection of shrews were carried out from the traps then identified using the classical morphological keys

In this paper, we introduce a new flexible distribution called the Weibull Marshall-Olkin power-Lindley (WMOPL) distribution to extend and increase the flexibility of the power-Lindley distribution to model engineering related data. The WMOPL has the ability to model lifetime data with decreasing, increasing, J-shaped, reversed-J shaped, unimodal, bathtub, and modified bathtub shaped hazard rates.

The natural product Catharanthus roseus and Lawsonia inermis leaf extract enhancement in the anti-corrosion potential green corrosion inhibitor (GIC) for Bacillus oleronius EN9 biofilm forms on mild steel (MS) in re-circulating water environment is demonstrated. This re-circulating water was enhancing the corrosion due to the temperature, pH, salinity, and chloride. Therefore, we need to improve the

Gram-negative bacteria (GNB) represent a major source of morbidity worldwide. The antimicrobial resistance of GNB has recently increased worldwide, that led to using colistin to treat multidrug resistant (MDR) GNB infections. Annually, Saudi Arabia hosts mass religious occasions, where the risk of infectious disease transmission is very high. This review aimed to provide an update on the current prevalence

Batch experiments were performed to remove Zn2+ by adsorption process using organic residuals (pistachio, peanut, and almond) as an adsorbent. The adsorbents were characterized by FTIR spectra, SEM images, and elemental analysis. Optimum adsorption of Zn2+ was obtained at pH 6 with a contact time of 45 min at room temperature with 1.0 g adsorbents. The adsorption of Zn2+ was found to well describe

To determine the effect of honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) pollination on sunflower yield using the most appropriate number of beehives per unit area of crops is very important. By comparing the number of hives and yield components, we can satisfy optimal pollination needs and improve economic yields. For this purpose, a series of experiments were conducted at thatha Khalil farmer field Taxila Rawalpindi

The subsurface structures can be extracted from geophysical studies. This study deals with the detection of lineaments from gravity data that are related to the boundaries of the subsurface structures. The methods used in this study such as the horizontal gradient, total gradient, enhanced horizontal gradient, and improved logistic are tested on synthetic model prior to application to real gravity

Background & Objectives As intestinal failure (IF) inhibits the digestive system from absorbing nutrients, total parenteral nutrition (TPN) is required to provide all of a person's nutritional demands. In children with malabsorptive conditions like IF, iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is common. This study used a quasi-experimental approach to assess the efficacy and safety of oral iron therapy in treating

Actinidia arguta (Sieb. et Zucc.) Planch ex Miq. is fruit plant with high added value, rich in bioactive compounds relevant for human health, such as flavonoids and vitamin C, and has high antioxidant capacity. These flavonoids also play important roles in plant immune responses and have strong medicinal implications. Moreover, it is very widely distributed in China and attracted more attention with

Wastewater irrigation in croplands is recognized as one of the major threat, seriously affecting soil health and sustainable agriculture around the globe. Heavy metals presence especially cadmium (Cd) in wastewater irrigated soils is posing serious physiological and morphological disorder in plants due to its highest mobility. Therefore, metals mobility in wastewater irrigated soils can be curtailed

The applications of fractional partial differential equations (PDEs) in diverse disciplines of science and technology have caught the attention of many researchers. This article concerned with the approximate numerical solutions of three-dimensional two- and three-term time fractional PDE models utilizing an accurate, and computationally attractive local meshless technique. Due to their tremendous

Shear-wave velocity profiles are the main site-specific data for site classification, which are commonly used for the purposes of seismic microzonation and hazard assessment. The controlled-source spectral analysis of surface wave (CSSASW) dispersion measurements have been successfully performed to characterize seismic sites up to 30-m depths. This study utilizes the CSSASW application in Jizan City

In this study, we fabricated non-toxic, highly stable, eco-friendly carbon nanodots (CD) from laboratory paper waste through a facile synthetic approach. The paper waste was converted to carbon by thermal decomposition. The carbon powder obtained was dispersed in acid using a sonication process. Subsequently, the CD was separated by centrifugation and filtration. The morphological properties of the

Current study aimed to develop eco-friendly and cost-effective approaches for silver nanoparticle (AgNPs) synthesis using leaf extract of Rumex hastatus and characterization using various analytical techniques. Besides, the crystallinity of Ag+, reduction/stability, functional groups and structural morphology were determined through X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy

Ever increasing spread of drug resistance among bacterial pathogens have rendered the current antibiotic therapy ineffective. Drug-resistant urinary tract infections caused by Gram negative bacterial pathogens such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Serratia marcescens are considered more severe and life threatening because of strong biofilm dependent growth characteristics

Single cell gel electrophoresis was used to observe the effect of bifenthrin and chlorpyrifos on Labeo rohita. The present work was planned to study the genotoxic effect of pesticide mixture on the major indian carp, L. rohita at sub-lethal concentration 33% LC50. First of all, 96-hr LC50 was determined for L. rohita, then fish was given sub-lethal environment for 70 days. Erythrocytes from blood were

Heavy metals pollution deserves attention even at the lowest concentration due to their toxic effects on the environment and human health. Here we report that the heavy metals and other hazardous compounds such as Cd, Cu, Mn, Zn are detected from sewage waters of three cities in Jazan Region of Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Sewage water from their Sewage Treatment Plant (STP) was collected and analyzed

Identification of lateral boundaries for the subsurface structures is a popular topic in many applications of geoscience. For this purpose, many edge detection and enhancement methods have been introduced to determine the lineaments of subsurface structures. In this study, the improved parabola-based method has been applied to reveal the lineaments of subsurface structures of Nam Dinh province. The

Hysterothylacium species are perhaps the most abundant and diverse group of marine ascaridoids; however, their life cycle and specific identification in larval stages are difficult. In this study, three members of the genus Hysterothylacium (Ward and Magath, 1917) are morphologically described from the digestive tract of Argyrops spinifer, genetically characterized and their relationship with related

Beet armyworm Spodoptera exigua (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is one of the most devastating pests of different key crops. The present study deals with the toxic effect of fenvalerate insecticide on the development, reproduction and the detoxification enzyme’s activity of S. exigua feeding on tomato, cabbage, and artificial diet. The developmental period of the second instar to adult emergence

Objectives To report the burden of breast cancer among Saudi females from 2004 to 2016. Methods Age-standardised rates and cases according to age, year, region and stage at diagnosis were retrieved from the Saudi Cancer Registry (SCR). Descriptive statistics were reported before joinpoint regression analysis was used to calculate the annual percent change (APC). Results During the study period, the

The hazard (failure) rate is a fundamental statistical indicator commonly used in both reliability and survival analyses. In practice, the hazard curve might exhibit a non-monotonic unimodal behavior. Thus, determining the highest point of the peak of a non-monotonic hazard function is indeed a point of interest in lifetime analysis. This study discusses the shape of the hazard function of the logistic

The objectives of this paper are in studying the liquid vibrations in rigid circular cylindrical shells with internal flexible membranes or covered by membranes. The liquid in the container is supposed to be an ideal and incompressible one, and the fluid motion is irrotational. In above formulated suppositions the velocity potential is introduced; it satisfies the Laplace equation. The boundary value

The problem of robust estimation in circular regression models has not been studied well. This paper considers the JS circular regression model due to its interesting properties and its sensitivity for existence and detection of outliers. We extend the robust estimators such as M-estimation, least-trimmed squares (LTS), and least-median squares (LMS) estimators, which have been successfully used in

Background Cardiosphere derived stem cells (CDSCs) are signified as a valued source of stem cell therapeutics for treating a gamut of cardiovascular ailments. However, challenges in the cardiogenic differentiation process culminate in stem cell transplantation failure. Hence, it is imperative to understand the comprehensive mechanisms and the role of endogenous factors in cardiac differentiation. Objectives

COVID-19 pandemic has severe impacts on human health and economy worldwide. Aerosols and droplets are the major routes of transmission of SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus causing COVID-19 disease. However, wastewater is a possible transmission pathway. Therefore, many studies have been published about the relation of wastewater and COVID-19 disease. Many studies have shown the presence of viral RNA in wastewater

Objective Radioimmunotherapy (RIT) is a systemic therapy currently used in the treatment of patients with lymphoma. RIT complexes consist of a targeting molecule, commonly an antibody, radionuclide chelates and a linker which can be a nanoparticle platform. Nanoparticles facilitate the attachment of multiple radionuclides and targeting groups to a single complex. Here the target affinity, duration

Objectives Onion is a highly consumed vegetable crop in many countries, being a vital component of every dish. Recent studies indicated that different plant residues’ and animal manure-based biochars have strong impacts on the growth and development of plants. However, the impact of these biochars on disease suppression remains elusive. Therefore, this two-year study assessed the impact of animal and

Objectives: This article investigated the effect of plant origin, storage and altitude on the triglycerides, cholesterol and some physicochemical properties of honey samples. Methods: Nineteen honey samples (9 Ziziphus and 10 Acacia) were involved in this study representing two floral origins and seasons and four altitudes. The plant origin of the honey samples was confirmed microscopically and their

Transport of glucose across the eukaryotic cell membranes is carried out by members of the glucose transporter (GLUT) family which is mainly divided into three classes (I, II and III) on the basis of phylogenetic relationship. In humans, one member of Class I called GLUT2 is encoded by solute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 2 (SLC2A2) gene located on third chromosome. Protein

Background Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a major health problem in the Saudi Arabian population. The aim of this study was to determine the status of antioxidant enzymes, liver enzymes, and intake of selected nutrients in subjects with MetS among Saudi adults in Taif city. Methods In this case-control study, a total of 104 subjects (76 with MetS and 28 controls) were recruited. Demographic data was

Groundwater potentiality mapping is currently receiving more attention, particularly in arid regions, where natural freshwater resources are limited and scarce and instead costly unconventional methods such as seawater desalination are widely used to satisfy water demands. Water demand in Makkah city is considered a vital task, which receives millions of visitors every year for religious purposes.

Application of manure and compost can result in the accumulation of veterinary antibiotics in soil, subsequently posing ecological risks. The occurrence and potential ecological risk assessment of nine antibiotics (4 tetracyclines, 3 sulfonamides, and 2 macrolides) residues in soil, manure, and compost samples collected from Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia are reported in this study. A total of 36 samples (20

A large Hydrogeochemical data were obtained from the central Nile delta aquifer system where 167 groundwater samples were gathered from three depth zones and analyzed for majors and minors. Different statistical techniques were applied to the analyzed geochemical data. The target of the current investigation is to find the principle factors and processes controlling the variation in the hydrogeochemistry

In recent years, nanotechnology has been the topic of extensive research and a great deal of interest among researchers. The manufacturing and utilization of nanoparticles (NPs) has expanded dramatically as a result of the rapid development of nanotechnology. Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are one of the most important nanoparticles, and they have been widely used for medical and non-medical applications

Objective Makkah Al-Mukarramah is the holiest city of the Islamic world because of the presence of the Holy Mosque which is also known as Al-Haram. Due to lodging and business activities around the Holy Mosque, Makkah city has experienced a rapid urban growth and an increase in population. Hence, it is necessary to develop an efficient land value assessment method that takes into account the main factors

The red imported fire ant is one of the notorious species of ants all over the world. The most effective control of red imported fire ant is the broadcast application of baits, i.e., fatty oil. However, to improve the sugar bait efficacy against fire ants, one of the most important ways is that understand the sugar taste mechanism of fire ant workers via feeding behavior/ethogram. Therefore, we first

The common for the most part of tumor (GISTs) Gastrointestinal stromal tumor is known mesenchymal neoplasms of the tumor in gastrointestinal tract. Detection of serum miRNA 1, 15b, 21 adjustment mainly cardio marker enzymes and their mechanism of action and heart tissue, observed changes in LDH, CK-MB, AST, ALT, lipid peroxidation (LPO) and Troponin T estimations/biochemical changes observed in serum

Forest fire is a commonly occurring phenomenon in all ecosystems around the world. It has numerous short- and long-term effects on the ecosystem. Intensive research has made it easy for one to analyze the changes made in the soil system. However, these results remain complex, ranging from altering biomass to reducing or eliminating the underground physical, chemical, and microbial processes. The soil

Objectives The main objective is to provide policy recommendations on the enhancement of ecological environmental protection. Methods Combined with spatial correlation analysis and spatial dynamic panel models, this paper estimates the spatial effect of the local government’s environmental protection expenditure on the improvement of the ecological environment based on China’s 30 provinces as samples

Objective Analytical gas chromatography in line with a flame ionisation detector (GC-FID) method was developed and validated for evaluating organic solvents in radiopharmaceutical samples [18F]fluoro-ethyl-tyrosine ([18F]FET), [18F]fluoromisonidazole ([18F]FMISO) and [18F]fluorothymidine ([18F]FLT). Variables of the carrier gas flow (mL min−1) and a split ratio of injection on the response of analysis

Cellulase refers to a group of enzymes like endoglucanases (CMCase), exoglucanases and β-glucosidase that have great industrial importance for the production of second-generation ethanol, e.g. The present study aimed to evaluate the CMCase and β-glucosidase activities of the fungal strain Penicillium sp. FSDE15 using different agroindustrial wastes (wheat bran, sugarcane bagasse and sugarcane straw)

Extensive geophysical and geodetic measurements were carried out to evaluate the groundwater aquifer, trace the basement relief, as well as detect the igneous intrusions and structural elements (mainly faults) that affect the occurrence of groundwater in the study area. The fieldwork included resistivity sounding, a geomagnetic survey, and Global Positioning System measurements. The magnetic results