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Physics news on the Internet (based on electronic preprints) Phys. Usp. (IF 2.7) Pub Date : 2022-04-01 Yurii N. Eroshenko
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Oleg Igorevich Korablev (on his 60th birthday) Phys. Usp. (IF 2.7) Pub Date : 2022-04-01 Yurii Yu. Balega,Dmitrii V. Bisikalo,Andrei M. Bykov,V.V. Zheleznyakov,Lev M. Zelenyi,Vitalii V. Kveder,G.F. Krymsky,Mihail Ya. Marov,Nikolai N. Rozanov,Aleksandr V. Stepanov,Anatolii M. Cherepashchuk,Boris M. Shustov
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New books on physics and related sciences Phys. Usp. (IF 2.7) Pub Date : 2022-04-01 Elena V. Zakharova
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Photon correlations and features of non-classical multimode squeezed electromagnetic fields Phys. Usp. (IF 2.7) Pub Date : 2022-04-01 Roman V. Zakharov,Olga V. Tikhonova
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New notions on the nature of formation of metallic glasses, their structural relaxation and crystallization Phys. Usp. (IF 2.7) Pub Date : 2022-04-01 Nikolai P. Kobelev,Vitaly A. Khonik
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Radioisotope research and development at the Linear Accelerator of the Institute for Nuclear Research of RAS Phys. Usp. (IF 2.7) Pub Date : 2022-03-01 B L Zhuikov,S V Ermolaev
Abstract Radioisotope research at the linear accelerator of INR RAS has been developing since 1989. In 1992, a facility for the irradiation of isotope targets and radioisotope production was built, operating on a diverted proton beam with an energy of 160 MeV and a current of more than 120 μA, which was the most productive facility in the world at that time. The facility is used for both fundamental
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Nuclear photonics: results and prospects Phys. Usp. (IF 2.7) Pub Date : 2022-03-01 V G Nedorezov,S G Rykovanov,A B Savel’ev
Abstract We review the modern state of research in a new scientific field that has emerged recently: nuclear photonics. The name is primarily associated with the development of new-generation gamma-ray sources based on traditional and laser–plasma electron accelerators. The use of the Compton backscattering method to ensure the required parameters of gamma-ray beams provides a high energy and high
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Constraints on models of the origin of high-energy astrophysical neutrinos Phys. Usp. (IF 2.7) Pub Date : 2022-03-01 S V Troitsky
Abstract The existence of astrophysical neutrinos with energies of tens of TeV and higher has been firmly established by the IceCube experiment; the first confirmations of this discovery were obtained by the ANTARES and Baikal-GVD installations. At the same time, observational results do not fully agree with those expected before the start of these experiments. The origin of the neutrino has not yet
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Physics news on the Internet (based on electronic preprints) Phys. Usp. (IF 2.7) Pub Date : 2022-03-01 Yu N Eroshenko
The BEST (Baksan Experiment on Sterile Transitions) experiment carried out at the Baksan neutrino observatory of INR RAS has provided new data confirming the presence of the so-called `gallium anomaly' (lack of electron neutrinos), which may testify to the existence of sterile neutrino ns [1]. The gallium anomaly was discovered in SAGE and GALLEX experiments on solar neutrino detection on the basis
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Physics news on the Internet (based on electronic preprints) Phys. Usp. (IF 2.7) Pub Date : 2022-03-01 Yurii N. Eroshenko
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Search for light dark matter in the NA64 experiment Phys. Usp. (IF 2.7) Pub Date : 2022-03-01 S N Gninenko,N V Krasnikov,V A Matveev
Abstract We review the most important models of light dark matter and discuss the NA64 experiment aimed at searching for hypothetical particles, including dark matter, in the mass range ⩽ O (1) GeV with the use of electron and muon beams at the Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS) accelerator at CERN. We consider the methods and results of searches in the NA64 and other accelerator experiments and also discuss
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Neutrino masses and interactions and neutrino experiments in the laboratory Phys. Usp. (IF 2.7) Pub Date : 2022-03-01 F Šimkovic
Abstract The atomic nucleus offers a unique opportunity to study fundamental properties and interactions of neutrinos. The main subjects of interest are the nature of neutrinos (Dirac or Majorana), mass hierarchy, the absolute scale of neutrino masses, and possible additional sterile neutrinos. In this review, recent progress in the field of laboratory measurements of fundamental properties of neutrinos
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50 years Institute for Nuclear Research: exploring the high-energy universe Phys. Usp. (IF 2.7) Pub Date : 2022-03-01 C Spiering
Abstract This article is an attempt to review 50 years of high-energy cosmic particle physics at the Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences. It is written by an outsider whose scientific career, to a large part, was shaped by collaborating with INR scientists in the late 1980s and 1990s. The review covers the fields of cosmic-ray, gamma-ray, and high-energy neutrino physics
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Vladislav Yur'evich Khomich (on his 70th birthday) Phys. Usp. (IF 2.7) Pub Date : 2022-03-01 Boris S. Aleshin,V.M. Batenin,Sergei V. Garnov,Georgii S. Golitsyn,Vitalii I. Konov,Aleksandr G. Litvak,Gennadii A. Mesyats,Sergei I. Moshkunov,O.N. Favorskii,Sergei L. Chernyshev,Ivan A. Shcherbakov,Vladimir A. Yamshchikov
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V E Fortov and dynamic methods in nonideal plasma physics. Chernogolovka Phys. Usp. (IF 2.7) Pub Date : 2022-02-03 V B Mintsev, V K Gryaznov
Vladimir Evgen’evich Fortov made an enormous contribution to the physics of extreme states of matter, high energy density physics, the physics of shock and detonation waves, thermal physics, chemical physics, energetics, and several other realms of physics and technology. Among this amazingly broad spectrum of V E Fortov’s scientific interests, special place is occupied by dynamic methods in the physics
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Supercritical fluid of metal vapor plasmas, rare gases, and excitons Phys. Usp. (IF 2.7) Pub Date : 2022-02-03 A L Khomkin, A S Shumikhin
We discuss vapor–liquid and dielectric–metal transitions and the metalization process via an exponential increase in conductivity under compression in metal vapors. We investigate the ‘cold ionization’ mechanism based on a proposed hypothesis on electron jellium existing as a seed of the conduction band in the gas phase. A number of physical models are proposed that combine methods to describe the
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Detonation wave of condensation Phys. Usp. (IF 2.7) Pub Date : 2022-02-03 A V Eremin, V E Fortov
In a number of recent studies by the authors, a new physical phenomenon has been discovered and investigated in detail — the formation of a detonation wave during the condensation of highly supersaturated carbon vapor. The essence of the phenomenon is that an initiating shock wave propagating through an exothermic carbon compound (for example, carbon suboxide C3O2 or acetylene C2H2), as a result of
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State of the art in dissociative electron attachment spectroscopy and its prospects Phys. Usp. (IF 2.7) Pub Date : 2022-02-01 S A Pshenichnyuk,N L Asfandiarov,A S Vorob’ev,Š Matejčík
Abstract The latest achievements are presented in experimental and theoretical studies of resonance scattering of low-energy (0–15-eV) electrons from molecular targets in a gas phase resulting in the formation and decay of negative ions. The focus is on dissociative electron attachment spectroscopy for studying the microsecond dynamics of molecules containing an excess electron. Some studies of fundamental
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Finite value of the bare charge and the relation of the fine structure constant ratio for physical and bare charges to zero-point oscillations of the electromagnetic field in the vacuum Phys. Usp. (IF 2.7) Pub Date : 2022-02-01 Vladimir I. Ritus
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State of the art in dissociative electron attachment spectroscopy and its prospects Phys. Usp. (IF 2.7) Pub Date : 2022-02-01 S A Pshenichnyuk,N L Asfandiarov,A S Vorob’ev,Š Matejčík
Abstract The latest achievements are presented in experimental and theoretical studies of resonance scattering of low-energy (0–15-eV) electrons from molecular targets in a gas phase resulting in the formation and decay of negative ions. The focus is on dissociative electron attachment spectroscopy for studying the microsecond dynamics of molecules containing an excess electron. Some studies of fundamental
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Physics news on the Internet (based on electronic preprints) Phys. Usp. (IF 2.7) Pub Date : 2022-02-01 Yu N Eroshenko
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Optical tweezers and manipulators. Modern concepts and future prospect Phys. Usp. (IF 2.7) Pub Date : 2022-02-01 Bgdan V. Sokolenko,Natalia V. Lyakhovich,Sidorenkova(Karakchieva) Olga Sergeevna
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Explosive emission processes in thermonuclear facilities with magnetic plasma confinement and in linear electron-positron colliders Phys. Usp. (IF 2.7) Pub Date : 2022-02-01 Sergei A. Barengolts,Gennadii A. Mesyats
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Electromagnetic levitation method as a containerless experimental technique Phys. Usp. (IF 2.7) Pub Date : 2022-02-01 Lyubov V. Toropova,Dmitry V. Alexandrov,A. Kao,M. Rettenmayr,Petr K. Galenko
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Use of powerful shock and detonation waves to study extreme states of matter* Phys. Usp. (IF 2.7) Pub Date : 2022-02-01 L V Al’tshuler,R I Il’kaev,V E Fortov
Abstract This article is written on the basis of a report given 10 January 2003 at the International Scientific Conference, The Nuclear Age: Science and Society, dedicated to the 100th anniversary of the birth of Igor’Vasil’evich Kurchatov. It presents the results of work on the experimental study of substance properties under high pressure shock waves, briefly describes the use of super-strong magnetic
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Physics news on the Internet (based on electronic preprints) Phys. Usp. (IF 2.7) Pub Date : 2022-02-01 Yu N Eroshenko
Symmetry with regard to replacement of particles by antiparticles, mirror reflection, and time reversal is a fundamental theorem of quantum field theory. It has been confirmed for many processes, but in a system of charged leptons the precision of its testing remained rather low. This theorem is of particular interest for positronium atoms, because some anomalies have recently been observed in measuring
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2022 year — the International Year of Basic Sciences for Sustainable Development. To the readers of “Physics-Uspekhi” Phys. Usp. (IF 2.7) Pub Date : 2022-01-01 M Spiro
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Evgenii Mikhailovich Churazov (on his 60th birthday) Phys. Usp. (IF 2.7) Pub Date : 2022-01-01 A M Bykov,A A Vikhlinin,M R Gilfanov,I V Zhuravleva,N S Lyskova,S Yu Sazonov,A A Starobinsky,R A Syunyaev,I I Khabibullin,A M Cherepashchuk,N N Chugai,A A Shchekochikhin
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Gennadii Nikolaevich Kulipanov (on his 80th birthday) Phys. Usp. (IF 2.7) Pub Date : 2022-01-01 N A Vinokurov,K V Zolotarev,E B Levichev,P V Logachev,N A Mezentsev,V V Parkhomchuk,V A Rubakov,A N Skrinsky,Yu A Tikhonov,V S Fadin,Yu M Shatunov,V A Shkaruba
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Physics news on the Internet (based on electronic preprints) Phys. Usp. (IF 2.7) Pub Date : 2022-01-01 Yu N Eroshenko
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Resonant scattering of electromagnetic waves by small metal particles: a new insight into the old problem Phys. Usp. (IF 2.7) Pub Date : 2022-01-01 M I Tribelsky,A E Miroshnichenko
Abstract This review is devoted to a discussion of new (and often unexpected) aspects of the old problem of elastic light scattering by small metal particles, whose size is comparable to or smaller than the thickness of the skin layer. The main focus is on elucidating the physical grounds for these new aspects. It is shown that, in many practically important cases, the scattering of light by such particles
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Corrigenda to the paper by Malykin G B "Application of the modified Duguay method for measuring the Lorentz contraction of a moving body length" Phys. Usp. Vol. 64 pp. 1058–1062 (2021) Phys. Usp. (IF 2.7) Pub Date : 2022-01-01 Grigorii B. Malykin
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Topological superconductivity and Majorana states in low-dimensional systems Phys. Usp. (IF 2.7) Pub Date : 2022-01-01 V V Val'kov,D M Dzebisashvili,M M Korovushkin,A F Barabanov
Abstract We discuss the properties of topologically nontrivial superconducting phases and the conditions for their realization in condensed matter, the criteria for the appearance of elementary Majorana-type excitations in solids, and the corresponding principles and experimental methods for identifying Majorana bound states (MBSs). Along with the well-known Kitaev chain and superconducting nanowire
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Discovery of the relativistic Schrödinger equation Phys. Usp. (IF 2.7) Pub Date : 2022-01-01 K Barley,J Vega-Guzmán,A Ruffing,S K Suslov
Abstract We discuss the discovery of the relativistic wave equation for a spin-zero charged particle in the Coulomb field by Erwin Schrödinger (presumably during the Christmas holidays of 1925-1926). However, in this new approach, an essential discrepancy was found with the fine structure formula for energy levels already obtained by Sommerfeld in the framework of the 'old' quantum mechanics. As a
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Control of the emission of elementary quantum systems using metamaterials and nanometaparticles Phys. Usp. (IF 2.7) Pub Date : 2021-12-20 V V Klimov
The most important direction in the development of fundamental and applied physics is the study of the properties of optical systems at nanoscales for creating optical and quantum computers, biosensors, single-photon sources for quantum informatics, DNA sequencing devices, detectors of various fields, etc. In all these cases, nanosize light sources such as dye molecules, quantum dots (epitaxial or
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Hypervelocity stars: theory and observations Phys. Usp. (IF 2.7) Pub Date : 2021-12-20 A V Tutukov, G N Dryomova, V V Dryomov
Relativistic velocity is a kinematic feature of micro-objects (elementary particles). Their application to macro objects (stars, planets, asteroids, neutron stars, and stellar-mass black holes) is currently under scientific discussion. This potential was recognized after Warren Brown discovered hypervelocity stars (HVSs) at the beginning of the 21st century. Jack Hills predicted these stars in 1988
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Application of the modified Duguay method for measuring the Lorentz contraction of a moving body length Phys. Usp. (IF 2.7) Pub Date : 2021-12-20 G B Malykin
According to Lorentz transformations, for a stationary observer, time in a moving inertial reference frame slows down, while the linear dimensions are reduced. While the first effect was observed more than 80 years ago, the second one has not been directly observed so far. The modified Duguay method is proposed in this paper for measuring the Lorentz contraction of a moving body length using the propagation
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Why does statistical mechanics ‘work’ in condensed matter? Phys. Usp. (IF 2.7) Pub Date : 2021-12-20 V V Brazhkin
The reasons behind the possibility of using the Gibbs distribution in condensed matter are considered. While the basics of statistical mechanics in gases are covered in great detail in many textbooks and reviews, the reasons for using the Gibbs distribution in crystals, glasses, and liquids are rarely considered. Most textbooks still only speak of a qualitative replacement of the mechanical description
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Proton charge radius Phys. Usp. (IF 2.7) Pub Date : 2021-12-20 K Yu Khabarova, N N Kolachevsky
The so-called proton charge radius puzzle was one of the challenging problems in physics in the last decade. A significant (at the level of four standard deviations (4σ)) difference between the values of the root-mean-square proton charge radius measured in normal and muonic hydrogen has kindled lively discussions among both experimentalists and theoreticians specializing in quantum electrodynamics
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Large quantum networks Phys. Usp. (IF 2.7) Pub Date : 2021-12-20 D D Sukachev
Quantum networks that allow generating entangled states between distant qubits have enormous scientific and applied potential. They can be used for secure quantum cryptography and the teleportation of quantum states between cities and countries, in high-resolution astronomy, and in distributed quantum computing. The scattering of photons in an optical fiber and the difficulties in creating full-fledged
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Isotopically selective photoionization for the production of the medical radioisotope $177Lu Phys. Usp. (IF 2.7) Pub Date : 2021-12-01 Aleksei B. Dyachkov,Aleksei A. Gorkunov,Anton V. Labozin,Sergei M. Mironov,Valerii A. Firsov,Gleb O. Tsvetkov,Vladislav Ya. Panchenko
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NICA Booster: superconducting synchrotron of a new generation Phys. Usp. (IF 2.7) Pub Date : 2021-12-01 Andrei V. Butenko,Oleg I. Brovko,Artem R. Galimov,Evgenii V. Gorbachev,Sergei A. Kostromin,Viktor N. Karpinsky,Igor' N. Meshkov,Valerii A. Monchinskiy,Anatolii O. Sidorin,Evgenii M. Syresin,Grigorii V. Trubnikov,Aleksei V. Tuzikov,Aleksandr V. Philippov,Gamlet G. Khodzhibagiyan
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Further research on the development of models and computer programs for the prediction and analysis of the physical properties of polymers Phys. Usp. (IF 2.7) Pub Date : 2021-12-01 Andrei A. Askadskii,Tat'yana A. Matseevich
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Measurement of global gravity—inertial effects with ring laser interferometers Phys. Usp. (IF 2.7) Pub Date : 2021-12-01 Valentin N. Rudenko,Sergei I. Oreshkin,Konstantin V. Rudenko
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Plasmon—polariton at the interface of uniaxial crystal and metal: real dispersion equation and its analysis Phys. Usp. (IF 2.7) Pub Date : 2021-12-01 Vladimir I. Alshits,Vasilii N. Lyubimov
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Bound states of the continuum in photonic structures Phys. Usp. (IF 2.7) Pub Date : 2021-12-01 Kirill L. Koshelev,Zarina F. Sadrieva,Alexey A. Shcherbakov,Yu.S. Kivshar,Andrey A. Bogdanov
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Nonlocal models of cosmic ray transport in the interstellar medium Phys. Usp. (IF 2.7) Pub Date : 2021-12-01 Vladimir V. Uchaikin,Anatolii D. Erlykin,Renat T. Sibatov
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Laboratory modeling of jets from young stars using plasma focus facilities Phys. Usp. (IF 2.7) Pub Date : 2021-12-01 Vasilii S. Beskin,Vyacheslav I. Krauz,Sergey A. Lamzin
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Multiplicity of ‘re-entrant’ cholesteric structures in DNA liquid-crystalline dispersions Phys. Usp. (IF 2.7) Pub Date : 2021-11-23 Yu M Yevdokimov, S G Skuridin, V I Salyanov, S V Semenov, E I Kats
Information about properties of liquid-crystalline dispersions of DNA molecules formed as a result of their phase exclusion is systematized. The influence of temperature and osmotic pressure on the structure of these dispersions has been elucidated in the framework of the concept of ‘quasinematic’ layers of orientationally ordered DNA molecules in dispersion particles. A new hexagonal → ‘re-entrant’
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Pseudogap problem in high-temperature superconductors Phys. Usp. (IF 2.7) Pub Date : 2021-11-23 S I Vedeneev
It has been more than 30 years since the discovery of high-temperature superconductors (HTSCs). The number of articles published on the subject is huge, but the cause of the high superconducting transition temperature T c is still an open question. The so-called ‘pseudogap’ HTSC phase — an anomalous ‘normal’ state — turned out to be as complicated a problem as high-temperature superconductivity itself
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Search for weakly interacting massive dark matter particles: state of the art and prospects Phys. Usp. (IF 2.7) Pub Date : 2021-11-23 A B Aleksandrov, A B Dashkina, N S Konovalova, N M Okat’eva, N G Polukhina, N I Starkov, V E Tioukov, M M Chernyavsky, T V Shchedrina
Determining the nature of dark matter (DM) is one of the most important challenges of modern experimental physics. This article overviews the major arguments confirming the existence of DM, gives the latest classifications of DM particles, identifies possible candidates for their role, and discusses the most significant DM particle search experiments conducted and under development. The article mainly
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Theory of optically detected spin noise in nanosystems Phys. Usp. (IF 2.7) Pub Date : 2021-11-23 D S Smirnov, V N Mantsevich, M M Glazov
The theory of spin noise in low-dimensional systems and bulk semiconductors is reviewed. Spin noise is usually detected by optical means continuously measuring the rotation angle of the polarization direction of a probe beam passing through a sample. Spin noise spectra yield rich information about the spin properties of the system, for example, g-factors of the charge carriers, spin relaxation times
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Vertical refraction of light in the surface layer of the atmosphere: problems of determining refraction and achievement Phys. Usp. (IF 2.7) Pub Date : 2021-11-01 Viktor P. Savinykh,Igor Yu. Vasyutinsky,Dmitriyj V. Dementiev
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Sea level rise from melting glaciers and ice sheets caused by climate warming above pre-industrial levels Phys. Usp. (IF 2.7) Pub Date : 2021-11-01 Eric Rignot
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On classical analog of Fano problem Phys. Usp. (IF 2.7) Pub Date : 2021-11-01 Mikhail V. Lebedev,Oleg V. Misochko
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Galvanomagnetic and thermomagnetic phenomena in thin metal CoPt films Phys. Usp. (IF 2.7) Pub Date : 2021-11-01 Yurii M. Kuznetsov,Mikhail V. Dorokhin,Anton V. Zdoroveyshchev,Aleksey V. Kudrin,Polina B. Demina,Daniil A. Zdoroveishchev
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Theoretical and computational approaches for prediction of liquids viscosity Phys. Usp. (IF 2.7) Pub Date : 2021-11-01 Nikolay D. Kondratyuk,Vasilii V. Pisarev
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Thermodynamic, elastic and electronic properties of substances with chiral crystal structure: MnSi, FeSi, CoSi Phys. Usp. (IF 2.7) Pub Date : 2021-11-01 Sergei M. Stishov,Alla E. Petrova