Abstract
We propose a principle of consistency between different hierarchical levels of biological systems. Given a consistency between molecule replication and cell reproduction, universal statistical laws on cellular chemical abundances are derived and confirmed experimentally. They include a power law distribution of gene expressions, a lognormal distribution of cellular chemical abundances over cells, and embedding of the power law into the network connectivity distribution. Second, given a consistency between genotype and phenotype, a general relationship between phenotype fluctuations by genetic variation and isogenic phenotypic fluctuation by developmental noise is derived. Third, we discuss the chaos mechanism for stem cell differentiation with autonomous regulation, resulting from a consistency between cell reproduction and growth of the cell ensemble.
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Notes
As V g ≠ V ig, the inequality between V ip and V ig does not set the bound between V g and V ip. Hence, the bound for heritability as anticipated at the discussion part of Kaneko and Furusawa (2006) is not derived.
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Acknowledgments
The authors would like to thank S. Sawai, M. Tachikawa, K. Fujimoto, and T. Yomo for stimulating discussions.
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Kaneko, K., Furusawa, C. Consistency principle in biological dynamical systems. Theory Biosci. 127, 195–204 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12064-008-0034-z
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12064-008-0034-z