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Emotional empathy across adulthood: A meta-analytic review. Psychology and Aging (IF 4.201) Pub Date : 2023-11-16 Amy L Jarvis,Stephanie Wong,Michael Weightman,Erica S Ghezzi,Rhianna L S Sharman,Hannah A D Keage
Emotional empathy is a congruent emotional response stemming from another's emotional state and has mixed evidence for its association with age. We sought to synthesize existing data to investigate cross-sectional changes in emotional empathy across adulthood using random-effects meta-analyses. Embase, APA PsycInfo, Medline, and Scopus databases were systematically searched until October 2022. Thirty-three
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Public events knowledge in an age-heterogeneous sample: Reminiscence bump or bummer? Psychology and Aging (IF 4.201) Pub Date : 2023-11-02 Priscilla Achaa-Amankwaa,Diana Steger,Oliver Wilhelm,Ulrich Schroeders
The reminiscence bump describes an increased recollection of autobiographic experiences made in adolescence and early adulthood. It is unclear if this phenomenon can also be found in declarative knowledge of past public events. To answer this question, we assessed public events knowledge (PEK) about the past 6 decades with a 120-item knowledge test across six domains in a sample of 1,012 Germans that
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Differences in self-perceptions of aging across the adult lifespan: The sample case of awareness of age-related gains and losses. Psychology and Aging (IF 4.201) Pub Date : 2023-11-02 Roman Kaspar,Oliver K Schilling,Manfred Diehl,Denis Gerstorf,Fiona S Rupprecht,Serena Sabatini,Hans-Werner Wahl
Rooted in the premises of lifespan developmental theory, the concept of awareness of age-related change (AARC) posits that growing older comes with both experiences of gains and losses across different behavioral domains. However, little is known about how age-related change is perceived across the entire adult lifespan, provided that respective measures can be validly compared. Further, few studies
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Levels of awareness of age-related gains and losses throughout adulthood and their developmental correlates. Psychology and Aging (IF 4.201) Pub Date : 2023-10-30 Serena Sabatini,Fiona S Rupprecht,Manfred Diehl,Hans-Werner Wahl,Roman Kaspar,Oliver K Schilling,Denis Gerstorf
Views of aging predict key developmental outcomes. Less is known, however, about the consequences of constellations of domain-specific perceived gains and losses across the full adult lifespan. First, we explored levels of awareness of age-related gains (AARC-gains) and losses (AARC-losses) in five behavioral domains across adulthood. Second, we identified the number and types of profiles of AARC-gains
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Profiles of activity engagement and depression trajectories as COVID-19 restrictions were relaxed. Psychology and Aging (IF 4.201) Pub Date : 2023-10-23 Jonathan L Chia,Andree Hartanto,William Tov
Given elevated depression rates since the onset of the pandemic and potential downstream implications, this research examined the association between activity engagement and depression among middle-aged and older adults postlockdown. This study aimed to (a) identify activity engagement profiles among middle-aged and older adults, (b) understand factors associated with profile memberships, and (c) compare
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Longitudinal associations of volunteering, grandparenting, and family care with processing speed: A gender perspective on prosocial activity and cognitive aging in the second half of life. Psychology and Aging (IF 4.201) Pub Date : 2023-10-16 Georg Henning,Ulrike Ehrlich,Alan J Gow,Nadiya Kelle,Graciela Muniz-Terrera
An active lifestyle has been associated with better cognitive performance in many studies. However, most studies have focused on leisure activities or paid work, with less consideration of the kind of prosocial activities, many people engage in, including volunteering, grandparenting, and family care. In the present study, based on four waves of the German Ageing Survey (N = 6,915, aged 40-85 at baseline)
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Limited time horizons lead to the positivity effect in attention, but not to more positive emotions: An investigation of the socioemotional selectivity theory. Psychology and Aging (IF 4.201) Pub Date : 2023-10-12 Isabella Zsoldos,Pascal Hot
A positivity effect in attention (i.e., an attentional bias in favor of positive over negative stimuli) has been frequently reported in older adults. Based on the postulates of socioemotional selectivity theory (SST), the present study tested whether this positivity effect: (a) depends on the subjective perception of a limited future time perspective (FTP) independently of chronological age, (b) involves
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Long-term aging trajectories of the accumulation of disease burden as predictors of daily affect dynamics and stressor reactivity. Psychology and Aging (IF 4.201) Pub Date : 2023-10-12 Denis Gerstorf,Oliver K Schilling,Theresa Pauly,Martin Katzorreck,Anna J Lücke,Hans-Werner Wahl,Ute Kunzmann,Christiane A Hoppmann,Nilam Ram
Multiple-timescale studies provide new opportunities to examine how developmental processes that evolve at different cadences are intertwined. Developmental theories of emotion regulation suggest that the long-term, slowly evolving age-related accumulation of disease burden should shape short-term, faster evolving (daily) affective experiences. To empirically examine this proposition, we combined data
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Cohort differences in trajectories of life satisfaction among Japanese older adults. Psychology and Aging (IF 4.201) Pub Date : 2023-09-21 Takeshi Nakagawa,Erika Kobayashi
Individual development and aging are shaped by historical changes in sociocultural contexts. Studies indicate that later-born cohorts experience improvements in well-being in the young-old. However, whether this historical trend holds in the old-old remains unknown. Using longitudinal data of Japanese older adults, we examined birth cohort differences in trajectories of well-being as measured by life
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Testing can enhance episodic memory updating in younger and older adults. Psychology and Aging (IF 4.201) Pub Date : 2023-09-04 Paige L Kemp,Vanessa M Loaiza,Christopher N Wahlheim
Older adults sometimes show impaired memory for recent episodes, especially those that are similar but not identical to existing memories. Two experiments examined if interpolated testing between episodes improves recent memories for older and younger adults (N = 60 per group and experiment). Participants studied two lists of cue-response word pairs. Some pairs included the same cue in both lists with
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Age-related differences in understanding pronominal reference in sentence comprehension: An electrophysiological investigation. Psychology and Aging (IF 4.201) Pub Date : 2023-08-31 Chia-Lin Lee,Chia-Ho Lai
This study aimed to investigate how age affects the ability to comprehend sentence meaning, specifically how individuals resolve pronouns to their corresponding nouns. The study included 34 young participants (20-29 years old) and 34 older participants (60-81 years old). The participants were presented with sentences containing two characters and a third-person singular pronoun. Stereotypical genders
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Experiencing daily negative aging stereotypes and real-life cognitive functioning in older adults: A diary study. Psychology and Aging (IF 4.201) Pub Date : 2023-08-31 Yuting Ma,Baoshan Zhang,Xin Zhang,Yibo Hu
Older adults may be confronted with a variety of negative aging stereotypes (e.g., "forgetful," "physically frail," and "lonely") almost every day. While experimental studies have demonstrated the impact of negative aging stereotypes on older adults' cognitive performance, the relationship between multiple negative aging stereotype experiences and cognitive functioning in older people's daily lives
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Eye movements and event segmentation: Eye movements reveal age-related differences in event model updating. Psychology and Aging (IF 4.201) Pub Date : 2023-08-31 Maverick E Smith,Lester C Loschky,Heather R Bailey
People spontaneously segment continuous ongoing actions into sequences of events. Prior research found that gaze similarity and pupil dilation increase at event boundaries and that older adults segment more idiosyncratically than do young adults. We used eye tracking to explore age-related differences in gaze similarity (i.e., the extent to which individuals look at the same places at the same time
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When daily emotions spill into life satisfaction: Age differences in emotion globalizing. Psychology and Aging (IF 4.201) Pub Date : 2023-08-24 Meaghan A Barlow,Emily C Willroth,Carsten Wrosch,Oliver P John,Iris B Mauss
Although the objective conditions of people's lives are fairly stable from day to day, daily life can feel like an emotional rollercoaster. For some people, life satisfaction hitches a ride on the emotional rollercoaster (i.e., momentary emotions spill over into broader evaluations of life). The extent to which positive and negative emotions spill over into life satisfaction is referred to as positive
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Cognitive aging and experience of playing a musical instrument. Psychology and Aging (IF 4.201) Pub Date : 2023-08-21 Judith A Okely,Simon R Cox,Ian J Deary,Michelle Luciano,Katie Overy
Musical instrument training has been found to be associated with higher cognitive performance in older age. However, it is not clear whether this association reflects a reduced rate of cognitive decline in older age (differential preservation), and/or the persistence of cognitive advantages associated with childhood musical training (preserved differentiation). It is also unclear whether this association
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Between-person and within-person associations among sensory functioning and attitude toward own aging in old age: Evidence for mutual relations. Psychology and Aging (IF 4.201) Pub Date : 2023-08-17 Markus Wettstein,Paolo Ghisletta,Denis Gerstorf
Late-life hearing loss and vision loss might prompt more negative attitudes toward one's own aging because older adults may interpret impaired sensory functioning as a sign of aging. At the same time, more positive attitudes toward own aging might, via various mechanisms, be associated with better sensory functioning. We investigated how objective hearing and vision are associated with attitude toward
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Effects of age on face perception: Reduced eye region discrimination ability but intact holistic processing. Psychology and Aging (IF 4.201) Pub Date : 2023-08-17 Regan Fry,James W Tanaka,Sarah Cohan,Jeremy B Wilmer,Laura T Germine,Joseph DeGutis
While age-related decline in face recognition memory is well-established, the degree of decline in face perceptual abilities across the lifespan and the underlying mechanisms are incompletely characterized. In the present study, we used the part-whole task to examine lifespan changes in holistic and featural processing. After studying an intact face, participants are tested for memory of a face part
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Switching it up: Activity diversity and cognitive functioning in later life. Psychology and Aging (IF 4.201) Pub Date : 2023-08-03 Colette J Brown,Sangha Jeon,Yee To Ng,Soomi Lee,Karen L Fingerman,Susan T Charles
Participating in a broad and balanced range of daily activities (i.e., activity diversity) has been associated with better cognitive functioning in later life. One possible explanation for this finding is that high levels of activity diversity are merely a proxy for being more physically active, a factor robustly linked to cognitive health. The present study examined whether activity diversity has
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Differences in the content and coherence of autobiographical memories between younger and older adults: Insights from text analysis. Psychology and Aging (IF 4.201) Pub Date : 2023-07-20 Signy Sheldon,Jay Sheldon,Shirley Zhang,Roni Setton,Gary R Turner,R Nathan Spreng,Matthew D Grilli
Several studies have shown that older adults generate autobiographical memories with fewer specific details than younger adults, a pattern typically attributed to age-relate declines in episodic memory. A relatively unexplored question is how aging affects the content used to represent and recall these memories. We recently proposed that older adults may predominately represent and recall autobiographical
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Falling hard, but recovering resoundingly: Age differences in stressor reactivity and recovery. Psychology and Aging (IF 4.201) Pub Date : 2023-07-13 Alyssa R Minton,Christian E Waugh,Jason S Snyder,Susan T Charles,Claudia M Haase,Joseph A Mikels
Strength and vulnerability integration (SAVI) theory (Charles, 2010) posits that age differences in emotional experiences vary based on the distance from an emotionally eliciting event. Before and after a stressor, SAVI predicts that older age is related to motivational strivings that often result in higher levels of well-being. However, during stressor exposure, age differences are predicted to be
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The role of caregiving in cognitive function and change: The REGARDS study. Psychology and Aging (IF 4.201) Pub Date : 2023-07-10 Joanne Elayoubi,Monica E Nelson,Christina X Mu,William E Haley,Virginia G Wadley,Olivio J Clay,Michael Crowe,Mary Cushman,Joan S Grant,David L Roth,Ross Andel
Chronic stress is associated with negative health outcomes, including poorer cognition. Some studies found stress from caregiving associated with worse cognitive functioning; however, findings are mixed. The present study examined the relationship between caregiving, caregiving strain, and cognitive functioning. We identified participants in the Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke
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Enhancing ecological validity of gaze-cueing stimuli is associated with increased gaze following for older but not younger adults. Psychology and Aging (IF 4.201) Pub Date : 2023-06-29 Kate T McKay,Sarah A Grainger,Manikya Alister,Julie D Henry
Gaze following is a core social-cognitive capacity. Previous work has shown that older adults have reduced gaze following relative to younger adults. However, all previous studies have exclusively used stimuli with low ecological validity, leaving room for alternative explanations for the observed age effects. Motivational models suggest that, relative to younger adults, older adults expend cognitive
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Reward motivation more consistently modulates memory for younger compared to older adults in a directed forgetting task. Psychology and Aging (IF 4.201) Pub Date : 2023-06-29 Holly J Bowen,Mary B Hargis,Diane H Moon,Sara N Gallant
Remembering and forgetting are both important processes of a healthy memory system, but both processes can show age-related decline. Reward anticipation is effective at improving remembering in both younger and older adults, but little is known about the effects of incentives on forgetting. In four online experiments, we examined whether reward motivation modulates intentional remembering and forgetting
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Adult age differences in event memory updating: The roles of prior-event retrieval and prediction. Psychology and Aging (IF 4.201) Pub Date : 2023-06-29 David Stawarczyk,Christopher N Wahlheim,Jeffrey M Zacks
Remembering past events can lead to predictions of what is to come and to experiencing prediction errors when things change. Previous research has shown enhanced memory updating for ongoing events that are inconsistent with predictions based on past experiences. According to the Event Memory Retrieval and Comparison (EMRC) Theory, such memory updating depends on the encoding of configural representations
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Reduced distinctiveness of event boundaries in older adults with poor memory performance. Psychology and Aging (IF 4.201) Pub Date : 2023-06-22 Sarah E Henderson,Karen L Campbell
We experience the world as a continuous flow of information but segment it into discrete events in long-term memory. As a result, younger adults are more likely to recall details of an event when cued with information from the same event (within-event cues) than from the prior event (between-event cues), suggesting that stronger associations are formed within events than across event boundaries. The
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Manipulating prescriptive views of active aging and altruistic disengagement. Psychology and Aging (IF 4.201) Pub Date : 2023-06-22 Maria Wirth,M Clara de Paula Couto,Maria K Pavlova,Klaus Rothermund
Older adults are faced with prescriptions to remain fit and socially engaged (active aging) or limit consumption of social resources (altruistic disengagement), and violations of these may result in backlash and marginalization. Despite such negative consequences that prescriptive views of aging (PVoA) may have for older adults, whether PVoA endorsement is modifiable is still to be examined. Thus,
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Middle-aged and older adults' psychosocial functioning trajectories before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: Evidence for multidirectional trends. Psychology and Aging (IF 4.201) Pub Date : 2023-06-22 Markus Wettstein,Svenja M Spuling,Jenna Wünsche,Georg Henning
So far little is known with regard to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on changes in psychosocial functioning of middle-aged and older adults across multiple indicators, interindividual differences in these changes, as well as the extent to which pandemic-related changes are temporary or not. We investigate different domains of psychosocial functioning (views on aging: attitude toward own aging
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Are trajectories of personality and socioeconomic factors prospectively associated with midlife cognitive function? Findings from a 12-year longitudinal study of Mexican-origin adults. Psychology and Aging (IF 4.201) Pub Date : 2023-06-15 Katherine M Lawson,Angelina R Sutin,Olivia E Atherton,Richard W Robins
Problems with memory, executive function, and language are a significant public health concern, especially when they begin during midlife. However, there is relatively little work on risk and protective factors for cognitive function in middle adulthood. Using data from 883 Mexican-origin adults assessed up to 6 times across 12 years (Mage at Time 1 = 38.2 years; range = 27-63 years), the present study
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Personal and collective mental time travel across the adult lifespan during COVID-19. Psychology and Aging (IF 4.201) Pub Date : 2023-06-15 Lois K Burnett,Tori Peña,Suparna Rajaram,Lauren L Richmond
Older adults exhibit an age-related positivity effect, with more positivity for memories than young adults. Theoretical explanations attribute this phenomenon to greater emphasis on emotion regulation and well-being due to shortened time horizons. Adults, across the lifespan, also exhibit a collective negativity bias (more negativity about their country than their personal past and future) and a future-oriented
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A longitudinal examination of the role of social identity in supporting health and well-being in retirement. Psychology and Aging (IF 4.201) Pub Date : 2023-06-12 Catherine Haslam,Ben C P Lam,Eraj Ghafoori,Niklas K Steffens,S Alexander Haslam,Sarah V Bentley,Tegan Cruwys,Crystal J La Rue
Social factors are major determinants of the success of retirement transitions. However, we do not yet fully understand the nature and basis of this impact, particularly as it relates to social group belonging. To address this issue the present article investigated the role that social group memberships play in supporting people's health and well-being in the early phase of transitioning to retirement
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Optimal cognitive offloading: Increased reminder usage but reduced proreminder bias in older adults. Psychology and Aging (IF 4.201) Pub Date : 2023-06-08 Pei-Chun Tsai,Chiara Scarampi,Matthias Kliegel,Sam J Gilbert
Research into prospective memory suggests that older adults may face particular difficulties remembering delayed intentions. One way to mitigate these difficulties is by using external reminders but relatively little is known about age-related differences in such cognitive offloading strategies. We examined younger and older adults' (N = 88) performance on a memory task where they chose between remembering
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Age differences in emotional experiences associated with helping and learning at work. Psychology and Aging (IF 4.201) Pub Date : 2023-06-08 Kevin Chi,Nilam Ram,Laura L Carstensen
Drawing on socioemotional selectivity theory and goal theories of emotion, this study examined age differences in helping and learning activities at work and the emotional correlates of such activities. We hypothesized that older workers help colleagues more than younger workers and derive greater emotional benefits from helping; and that younger workers learn more often at work and derive greater
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Sow in tears and reap in joy: Eye tracking reveals age-related differences in the cognitive cost of spoken context processing. Psychology and Aging (IF 4.201) Pub Date : 2023-05-25 Tami Harel-Arbeli,Yuval Palgi,Boaz M Ben-David
Older adults have been found to use context to facilitate word recognition at least as efficiently as young adults. This may pose a conundrum, as context use is based on cognitive resources that are considered to decrease with aging. The goal of this study was to shed light on this question by testing age-related differences in context use and the cognitive demands associated with it. The eye movements
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Interactions across the ages: How concerns about warmth and competence impact age-based stereotype threat in the workplace. Psychology and Aging (IF 4.201) Pub Date : 2023-05-22 Courtney von Hippel,Samuel Pearson,Sophie Coulon,Alexandra G Adams,Hannes Zacher
Although the disengagement consequences of age-based stereotype threat in the workplace are well-documented, it is less clear what causes employees to experience age-based stereotype threat. Based on socioemotional selectivity theory, the present study examines whether and why daily cross-age interactions in the workplace lead to stereotype threat. Using a diary study design over 2 weeks, 192 employees
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Semantic item-level metrics relate to future memory decline beyond existing cognitive tests in older adults without dementia. Psychology and Aging (IF 4.201) Pub Date : 2023-05-18 Jet M J Vonk,Mirjam I Geerlings,Justina F Avila-Rieger,Carolyn L Qian,Nicole Schupf,Richard Mayeux,Adam M Brickman,Jennifer J Manly
In normal aging, the cognitive domain of semantic memory remains preserved, while the domain of episodic memory declines to some extent. In Alzheimer's disease dementia, both semantic and episodic memory become impaired early in the disease process. Given the need to develop sensitive and accessible cognitive markers for early detection of dementia, we investigated among older adults without dementia
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Initial status and change in cognitive function mediate the association between academic education and physical activity in adults over 50 years of age. Psychology and Aging (IF 4.201) Pub Date : 2023-05-11 Boris Cheval,Ilyes Saoudi,Silvio Maltagliati,Layan Fessler,Ata Farajzadeh,Stefan Sieber,Stéphane Cullati,Matthieu P Boisgontier
Higher levels of academic education are associated with higher levels of physical activity throughout the lifespan. However, the mechanisms underlying this association are unclear. Cognitive functioning is a potential mediator of this association because higher levels of education are associated with better cognitive function, which is related to greater engagement in physical activity. Here, we used
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The respective contribution of cognitive control and working memory to semantic and subjective organization in aging. Psychology and Aging (IF 4.201) Pub Date : 2023-05-11 Aurélien Frick,Séverine Fay,Badiâa Bouazzaoui,Hélène Sauzéon,Lucie Angel,Sandrine Vanneste,Laurence Taconnat
Organizing information is beneficial to episodic memory performance. Among several possible organizational strategies, two consist of organizing the information in semantic clusters (semantic organization) or self-organizing the information based on new associations that do not exist in semantic memory (subjective organization). Here, we investigated in a single study how these two organizational behaviors
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Age-related differences in memory when offloading important information. Psychology and Aging (IF 4.201) Pub Date : 2023-05-11 Dillon H Murphy,Alan D Castel
People can choose to use external memory aids and offload information to help them remember it, but it is unclear how objective and subjective value or importance influence offloading decisions in younger and older adults. We presented younger adults (n = 99; age range: 18-31) and older adults (n = 93; age range: 60-96) with items to remember for a later test and allowed them to offload a subset of
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Detrimental effects of effortful physical exertion on a working memory dual-task in older adults. Psychology and Aging (IF 4.201) Pub Date : 2023-04-27 Lilian Azer,Weizhen Xie,Hyung-Bum Park,Weiwei Zhang
Action and cognition often interact in everyday life and are both sensitive to the effects of aging. The present study tested the effects of a simple physical action, effortful handgrip exertion, on working memory (WM) and inhibitory control in younger and older adults. Using a novel dual-task paradigm, participants engaged in a WM task with 0 or 5-distractors under concurrent physical exertion (5%
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The effects of different navigational aids on wayfinding and spatial memory for older adults. Psychology and Aging (IF 4.201) Pub Date : 2023-04-27 Ling Ai,Yingying Yang,Qi Wang
Navigation aids can help people conduct daily wayfinding activities. However, because of cognitive limitations that can emerge with age, it is not clear how different navigation aids impact wayfinding behaviors and spatial memory in older adults. In Experiment 1, 66 older adults and 65 younger adults participated. They were asked to make turn decisions when the navigation aid was a map, a map plus
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Dissociating proactive and reactive control in older adults. Psychology and Aging (IF 4.201) Pub Date : 2023-04-27 B Hunter Ball,Phil Peper,Julie M Bugg
The Dual Mechanisms of Control framework predicts that age-related declines should be most prominent for tasks that require proactive control, while tasks requiring reactive control should show minimal age differences in performance. However, results from traditional paradigms are inconclusive as to whether these two processes are independent, making it difficult to understand how these processes change
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Life course engagement in enriching activities: When and how does it matter for cognitive aging? Psychology and Aging (IF 4.201) Pub Date : 2023-04-17 Colleen C Frank,Lindsey M Mundy,Jacqui Smith
Growing evidence suggests that participation in enriching activities (physical, social, and mental) across the life course is beneficial for cognitive functioning in older age. However, few studies have examined the effects of enrichment across the entire life course within the same participants. Using 2,931 participants in the Health and Retirement Study, we linked self-report data from later life
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Increased cognitive effort costs in healthy aging and preclinical Alzheimer's disease. Psychology and Aging (IF 4.201) Pub Date : 2023-04-17 Andrew J Aschenbrenner,Jennifer L Crawford,Jonathan E Peelle,Anne M Fagan,Tammie L S Benzinger,John C Morris,Jason Hassenstab,Todd S Braver
Life-long engagement in cognitively demanding activities may mitigate against declines in cognitive ability observed in healthy or pathological aging. However, the "mental costs" associated with completing cognitive tasks also increase with age and may be partly attributed to increases in preclinical levels of Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology, specifically amyloid. We test whether cognitive effort
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Association between personality traits, leisure activities, and cognitive levels and decline across 12 years in older adults. Psychology and Aging (IF 4.201) Pub Date : 2023-04-10 Gabriel Olaru,Erika J Laukka,Serhiy Dekhtyar,Arian Sarwary,Yvonne Brehmer
The engagement in cognitively stimulating activities has been found to be associated with slower rates of cognitive decline in old age. In which type of activities people engage in may depend on their personality traits, which thus might have an impact on later cognitive fitness. To study these potential links, we examined the associations between Neuroticism, Extraversion, and Openness; different
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Correction to Chantland et al. (2022). Psychology and Aging (IF 4.201) Pub Date : 2023-04-06
Reports an error in "Control preference persists with age" by Eric C. M. Chantland, Kainan S. Wang, Mauricio R. Delgado and Susan M. Ravizza (Psychology and Aging, 2022[Nov], Vol 37[7], 843-847). In the original article, the odds ratio and probability were misreported in the second and third sentences of the first paragraph of the Results section. The correct information is provided in this erratum
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Aging-related effects on the controlled retrieval of semantic information. Psychology and Aging (IF 4.201) Pub Date : 2023-03-30 Ettore Ambrosini,Francesca Peressotti,Marisa Gennari,Silvia Benavides-Varela,Maria Montefinese
The efficient use of knowledge requires semantic control processes to retrieve context-relevant information. So far, it is well-established that semantic knowledge, as measured with vocabulary tests, does not decline with aging. Yet, it is still unclear whether controlled retrieval-the context-driven retrieval of very specific aspects of semantic knowledge-deteriorates in aging, following the same
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Do disfluencies increase with age? Evidence from a sequential corpus study of disfluencies. Psychology and Aging (IF 4.201) Pub Date : 2023-03-27 Eleonora J Beier,Suphasiree Chantavarin,Fernanda Ferreira
Speech disfluencies such as repeated words and pauses provide information about the cognitive systems underlying speech production. Understanding whether older age leads to changes in speech fluency can therefore help characterize the robustness of these systems over the life span. Older adults have been assumed to be more disfluent, but current evidence is minimal and contradictory. Particularly noteworthy
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Longitudinal effects of subjective aging on health and longevity: An updated meta-analysis. Psychology and Aging (IF 4.201) Pub Date : 2023-03-27 Gerben J Westerhof,Abigail M Nehrkorn-Bailey,Han-Yun Tseng,Allyson Brothers,Jelena Sophie Siebert,Susanne Wurm,Hans-Werner Wahl,Manfred Diehl
This article updates and extends an earlier meta-analysis (Westerhof et al., 2014) on the longitudinal effects of subjective aging (SA) on health outcomes. A systematic search in different databases (APA PsycInfo, PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus) resulted in 99 articles, reporting on 107 studies. Participants: Studies had a median sample size of 1,863 adults with a median age of 66 years. A randomized
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Do associations between sense of purpose, social support, and loneliness differ across the adult lifespan? Psychology and Aging (IF 4.201) Pub Date : 2023-03-23 Patrick L Hill,Gabriel Olaru,Mathias Allemand
Past research has suggested that the path to purpose involves connections with people along the way. In support, sense of purpose appears higher amongst those adults with more positive social relationships and interactions. However, research has yet to consider whether associations between sense of purpose and social relationship variables differ across adulthood. The present study examined this claim
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Resilience to stress across the lifespan: Childhood maltreatment, heart rate variability, and bereavement. Psychology and Aging (IF 4.201) Pub Date : 2023-03-23 Michelle A Chen,Robert Suchting,Julian F Thayer,Christopher P Fagundes
Following a stressful life event, there is considerable variation in how individuals respond and adapt. Multiple models of risk and resilience show that adverse childhood experiences may be associated with an individual's response to stress later in life. While there is considerable support that early adversity can sensitize the stress response system and lead to adverse outcomes later in life, there
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Adaptation to changes in COVID-19 pandemic severity: Across older adulthood and time scales. Psychology and Aging (IF 4.201) Pub Date : 2023-03-23 Suzanne C Segerstrom,Paris Crosby,Dakota D Witzel,Maria L Kurth,Soyoung Choun,Carolyn M Aldwin
The COVID-19 pandemic has been observed to negatively affect older adults' psychological health compared with prepandemic levels. However, older adults' coping efficacy may differ depending on their age, and little is known about effects of fluctuations in pandemic severity. Two longitudinal studies tested the hypothesis that pandemic severity would affect psychological health and be moderated by age
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Isometric handgrip exercise speeds working memory responses in younger and older adults. Psychology and Aging (IF 4.201) Pub Date : 2023-03-16 Shelby L Bachman,Sumedha Attanti,Mara Mather
Physiological arousal affects attention and memory, sometimes enhancing and other times impairing what we attend to and remember. In the present study, we investigated how changes in physiological arousal-induced through short bursts of isometric handgrip exercise-affected subsequent working memory performance. A sample of 57 younger (ages 18-29) and 56 older (ages 65-85) participants performed blocks
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Age differences in social decision-making preferences and perceived ability. Psychology and Aging (IF 4.201) Pub Date : 2023-03-13 Kelly Smith,JoNell Strough,Andrew M Parker,Wändi Bruine de Bruin
Decision-making often occurs in a social context but is typically studied as if it were an individualistic process. In the present study, we investigated the relationships between age, perceived decision-making ability, and self-rated health with preferences for social decision-making, or making decisions with others. Adults (N = 1,075; ages 18-93) from an U.S. online national panel reported their
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Age-related differences in the statistical learning of target selection and distractor suppression. Psychology and Aging (IF 4.201) Pub Date : 2023-03-09 Carlotta Lega,Valeria Di Caro,Veronica Strina,Roberta Daini
In recent years, the use of implicit mechanisms based on statistical learning (SL) has emerged as a strong factor in biasing visuospatial attention, so that target selection is improved at frequently attended locations and distractor filtering is facilitated at frequently suppressed locations. Although these mechanisms have been consistently described in younger adults, similar evidence in healthy
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The short-term effects of activity engagement on working memory performance in older age. Psychology and Aging (IF 4.201) Pub Date : 2023-03-01 Minxia Luo,Robert Glenn Moulder,Christina Röcke
Does a single bout of activity engagement have short-term effects on cognition in daily life? Using a smartphone-based ambulatory assessment design, this study examined the duration of the effects of three types of activities (i.e., sociocognitive, passive leisure, and physical activities) on working memory performance. For seven times per day (i.e., approximately every 2 hr) over 15 days, 150 healthy
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Learning new categories in older age: A review of theoretical perspectives and empirical findings. Psychology and Aging (IF 4.201) Pub Date : 2023-02-27 Caitlin R Bowman,Madeline R Valdez,Shawn A Obarski
The ability to learn new concepts involves linking pieces of related information to create an organized knowledge structure, and it is an essential cognitive function for individuals of all ages. Despite its importance, concept learning has received less attention in the field of cognitive aging compared to areas such as episodic memory and cognitive control, and there has yet to be a synthesis of
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The accumulation of adversity in midlife: Effects on depressive symptoms, life satisfaction, and character strengths. Psychology and Aging (IF 4.201) Pub Date : 2023-02-16 Frank J Infurna,Omar E Staben,Molly J Gardner,Kevin J Grimm,Suniya S Luthar
Middle-aged adults are a central pillar of society because they comprise large segments of the workforce and bridge younger and older generations. Given the significant role that middle-aged adults play for the greater good of society, more research is warranted to evaluate in which ways adversity could accumulate or pile-up to impact pertinent outcomes. We used data from a sample of middle-aged adults
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Longing for grandparenthood: Its association with life satisfaction in late middle adulthood. Psychology and Aging (IF 4.201) Pub Date : 2023-02-13 Jasmin Dorry,Christian L Burk,Anna M Stertz,Bettina S Wiese
The present study applies the life-span theoretical concept of life longing (Sehnsucht) to grandparenthood as an important normative transition of middle and late adulthood that can be hoped for but not acted upon. A cross-sectional online study was conducted with N = 477 parents (73.5% women; age range: 40-81 years) whose adult children have not (yet) had offspring. Longing for grandparenthood was
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Correction to von Oertzen and Brandmaier (2013). Psychology and Aging (IF 4.201) Pub Date : 2023-02-09
Reports an error in "Optimal study design with identical power: An application of power equivalence to latent growth curve models" by Timo von Oertzen and Andreas M. Brandmaier (Psychology and Aging, 2013[Jun], Vol 28[2], 414-428). In the original article, there were errors in Equations 6 and A.9. The correct Equations are present in the erratum. The online version of this article has been corrected
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Younger and older adults' strategic use of associative memory and metacognitive control when learning foreign vocabulary words of varying importance. Psychology and Aging (IF 4.201) Pub Date : 2023-02-09 Dillon H Murphy,Mary B Hargis,Alan D Castel
Older adults often face memory deficits in binding unrelated items. However, in situations such as preparing for foreign travel, a learner may be highly motivated to learn the translations of important words (e.g., "money"). In the present study, younger and older adults studied Swahili-English word pairs and judged the importance of knowing each pair if they were traveling to a foreign country. Generally