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Embodiment and regenerative implants: a proposal for entanglement Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy (IF 1.917) Pub Date : 2024-03-16 Manon van Daal, Anne-Floor J. de Kanter, Karin R. Jongsma, Annelien L. Bredenoord, Nienke de Graeff
Regenerative Medicine promises to develop treatments to regrow healthy tissues and cure the physical body. One of the emerging developments within this field is regenerative implants, such as jawbone or heart valve implants, that can be broken down by the body and are gradually replaced with living tissue. Yet challenges for embodiment are to be expected, given that the implants are designed to integrate
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Living ethics: a stance and its implications in health ethics Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy (IF 1.917) Pub Date : 2024-03-13 Eric Racine, Sophie Ji, Valérie Badro, Aline Bogossian, Claude Julie Bourque, Marie-Ève Bouthillier, Vanessa Chenel, Clara Dallaire, Hubert Doucet, Caroline Favron-Godbout, Marie-Chantal Fortin, Isabelle Ganache, Anne-Sophie Guernon, Marjorie Montreuil, Catherine Olivier, Ariane Quintal, Abdou Simon Senghor, Michèle Stanton-Jean, Joé T. Martineau, Andréanne Talbot, Nathalie Tremblay
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Discovering clinical phronesis Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy (IF 1.917) Pub Date : 2024-03-07 Donald Boudreau, Hubert Wykretowicz, Elizabeth Anne Kinsella, Abraham Fuks, Michael Saraga
Phronesis is often described as a ‘practical wisdom’ adapted to the matters of everyday human life. Phronesis enables one to judge what is at stake in a situation and what means are required to bring about a good outcome. In medicine, phronesis tends to be called upon to deal with ethical issues and to offer a critique of clinical practice as a straightforward instrumental application of scientific
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No (true) right to die: barriers in access to physician-assisted death in case of psychiatric disease, advanced dementia or multiple geriatric syndromes in the Netherlands Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy (IF 1.917) Pub Date : 2024-02-20 Caroline van den Ende, Eva Constance Alida Asscher
Even in the Netherlands, where the practice of physician-assisted death (PAD) has been legalized for over 20 years, there is no such thing as a ‘right to die’. Especially patients with extraordinary requests, such as a wish for PAD based on psychiatric suffering, advanced dementia, or (a limited number of) multiple geriatric syndromes, encounter barriers in access to PAD. In this paper, we discuss
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A critical view on using “life not worth living” in the bioethics of assisted reproduction Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy (IF 1.917) Pub Date : 2024-02-16 Agnes Elisabeth Kandlbinder
This paper critically engages with how life not worth living (LNWL) and cognate concepts are used in the field of beginning-of-life bioethics as the basis of arguments for morally requiring the application of preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) and/or germline genome editing (GGE). It is argued that an objective conceptualization of LNWL is largely too unreliable in beginning-of-life cases for
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Epistemic (in)justice, social identity and the Black Box problem in patient care Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy (IF 1.917) Pub Date : 2024-02-14 Muneerah Khan, Cornelius Ewuoso
This manuscript draws on the moral norms arising from the nuanced accounts of epistemic (in)justice and social identity in relational autonomy to normatively assess and articulate the ethical problems associated with using AI in patient care in light of the Black Box problem. The article also describes how black-boxed AI may be used within the healthcare system. The manuscript highlights what needs
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Severity and death Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy (IF 1.917) Pub Date : 2024-02-08 Adam Ehlert
This article discusses the relationship between two theories about the badness of death, the Life-Comparative Account and the Gradualist Account, and two methods of operationalizing severity in health care priority setting, Absolute Shortfall and Proportional Shortfall. The aim is that theories about the badness of death can influence and inform the idea of the basis of severity as a priority setting
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Who has a meaningful life? A care ethics analysis of selective trait abortion Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy (IF 1.917) Pub Date : 2024-02-02 Riley Clare Valentine
Trait Selective Abortions (TSA) have come under critique as a medical practice that presents potential disabled infants as burdens and lacking the potential for meaningful lives. This paper, using the author’s background as a disabled person, contends that the philosophy underpinning TSAs reflects liberal society’s lack of a theory of needs. The author argues for a care ethics based approach informed
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Fostering dialogue: a phenomenological approach to bridging the gap between the “voice of medicine” and the “voice of the lifeworld” Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy (IF 1.917) Pub Date : 2024-01-29 Junguo Zhang
This article adopts Husserl’s transcendental phenomenology to explore the complex relationship between patients and physicians. It delves into the coexistence of two distinct voices in the realm of medicine and health: the “voice of medicine” and the “voice of life-world.” Divided into three sections, the article emphasizes the importance of shifting from a scientific-medical attitude to a more personalistic
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From a critique of the principle of autonomy to an ethic of heteronomy Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy (IF 1.917) Pub Date : 2024-01-11
Abstract Etymologically, autonomy is the ability to give oneself rules and follow them. It is an important principle of medical ethics, which can sometimes raise some tensions in the care relationship. We propose a new definition of ethics, the ethics of heteronomy: a self-normative, discursive and responsible autonomy. Autonomy cannot be considered without the responsibility each person must have
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COVID-19 vaccine refusal as unfair free-riding Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy (IF 1.917) Pub Date : 2024-01-08 Joshua Kelsall
Contributions to COVID-19 vaccination programmes promise valuable collective goods. They can support public and individual health by creating herd immunity and taking the pressure off overwhelmed public health services; support freedom of movement by enabling governments to remove restrictive lockdown policies; and improve economic and social well-being by allowing businesses, schools, and other essential
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An analysis of different concepts of “identity” in the heritable genome editing debate Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy (IF 1.917) Pub Date : 2024-01-08 Ying-Qi Liaw
Human heritable genome editing (HHGE) involves editing the genes of human gametes and/or early human embryos. Whilst ‘identity’ is a key concept underpinning the current HHGE debate, there is a lack of inclusive analysis on different concepts of ‘identity’ which renders the overall debate confusing at times. This paper first contributes to reviewing the existing literature by consolidating how ‘identity’
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The duty of care and the right to be cared for: is there a duty to treat the unvaccinated? Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy (IF 1.917) Pub Date : 2024-01-05 Zohar Lederman, Shalom Corcos
Vaccine hesitancy or refusal has been one of the major obstacles to herd immunity against Covid-19 in high-income countries and one of the causes for the emergence of variants. The refusal of people who are eligible for vaccination to receive vaccination creates an ethical dilemma between the duty of healthcare professionals (HCPs) to care for patients and their right to be taken care of. This paper
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The Ethical Obligation for Research During Public Health Emergencies: Insights From the COVID-19 Pandemic Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy (IF 1.917) Pub Date : 2023-12-28 Mariana Barosa, Euzebiusz Jamrozik, Vinay Prasad
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Personhood as projection: the value of multiple conceptions of personhood for understanding the dehumanisation of people living with dementia Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy (IF 1.917) Pub Date : 2023-12-21 Paula Boddington, Andy Northcott, Katie Featherstone
We examine the concept of personhood in relation to people living with dementia and implications for the humanity of care, drawing on a body of ethnographic work. Much debate has searched for an adequate account of the person for these purposes. Broad contrasts can be made between accounts focusing on cognition and mental faculties, and accounts focusing on embodied and relational aspects of the person
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Sharing a medical decision Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy (IF 1.917) Pub Date : 2023-11-27 Coos Engelsma
During the last decades, shared decision making (SDM) has become a very popular model for the physician-patient relationship. SDM can refer to a process (making a decision in a shared way) and a product (making a shared decision). In the literature, by far most attention is devoted to the process. In this paper, I investigate the product, wondering what is involved by a medical decision being shared
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Potentiality switches and epistemic uncertainty: the Argument from Potential in times of human embryo-like structures Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy (IF 1.917) Pub Date : 2023-10-30 Ana M. Pereira Daoud, Wybo J. Dondorp, Annelien L. Bredenoord, Guido M. W. R. De Wert
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A reply to Gillham on the impairment principle Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy (IF 1.917) Pub Date : 2023-10-30 Bruce P. Blackshaw
The impairment argument claims that abortion is immoral, because it results in a greater impairment to a fetus than other actions that are clearly immoral, such as inflicting fetal alcohol syndrome. Alex Gillham argues that the argument requires clarification of the meaning of greater impairment. He proposes two definitions, and points out the difficulties with each. In response, I argue that while
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Editors’ statement on the responsible use of generative AI technologies in scholarly journal publishing Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy (IF 1.917) Pub Date : 2023-10-20 Gregory E. Kaebnick, David Christopher Magnus, Audiey Kao, Mohammad Hosseini, David Resnik, Veljko Dubljević, Christy Rentmeester, Bert Gordijn, Mark J. Cherry
Generative artificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to transform many aspects of scholarly publishing. Authors, peer reviewers, and editors might use AI in a variety of ways, and those uses might augment their existing work or might instead be intended to replace it. We are editors of bioethics and humanities journals who have been contemplating the implications of this ongoing transformation
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How do roles impact suicidal agents’ obligations? Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy (IF 1.917) Pub Date : 2023-10-18 Suzanne E. Dowie
In this paper, I assess the role responsibility argument that claims suicidal agents have obligations to specific people not to kill themselves due to their roles. Since the plausibility of the role responsibility argument is clearest in the parent–child relationship, I assess parental obligations. I defend a view that says that normative roles, such as those of a parent, are contractual and voluntary
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Foucault and medicine: challenging normative claims Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy (IF 1.917) Pub Date : 2023-09-25 Chris A. Suijker
Some of Michel Foucault’s work focusses on an archeological and genealogical analysis of certain aspects of the medical episteme, such as ‘Madness and Civilization’ (1964/2001), ‘The Birth of the Clinic’ (1973) and ‘The History of Sexuality’ (1978/2020a). These and other Foucauldian works have often been invoked to characterize, but also to normatively interpret mechanisms of the currently existing
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First-person disavowals of digital phenotyping and epistemic injustice in psychiatry Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy (IF 1.917) Pub Date : 2023-09-19 Stephanie K. Slack, Linda Barclay
Digital phenotyping will potentially enable earlier detection and prediction of mental illness by monitoring human interaction with and through digital devices. Notwithstanding its promises, it is certain that a person’s digital phenotype will at times be at odds with their first-person testimony of their psychological states. In this paper, we argue that there are features of digital phenotyping in
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Rethinking advanced motherhood: a new ethical narrative Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy (IF 1.917) Pub Date : 2023-09-03 Eva De Clercq, Andrea Martani, Nicolas Vulliemoz, Bernice S. Elger, Tenzin Wangmo
The aim of the study is to rethink the ethics of advanced motherhood. In the literature, delayed childbearing is usually discussed in the context of reproductive justice, and in relationship to ethical issues associated with the use and risk of assisted reproductive technologies. We aim to go beyond these more “traditional” ways in which reproductive ethics is framed by revisiting ethics itself through
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What's wrong with medical black box AI? Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy (IF 1.917) Pub Date : 2023-09-01 Bert Gordijn,Henk Ten Have
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Defending explicability as a principle for the ethics of artificial intelligence in medicine Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy (IF 1.917) Pub Date : 2023-08-29 Jonathan Adams
The difficulty of explaining the outputs of artificial intelligence (AI) models and what has led to them is a notorious ethical problem wherever these technologies are applied, including in the medical domain, and one that has no obvious solution. This paper examines the proposal, made by Luciano Floridi and colleagues, to include a new ‘principle of explicability’ alongside the traditional four principles
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Research ethics in practice: An analysis of ethical issues encountered in qualitative health research with mental health service users and relatives Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy (IF 1.917) Pub Date : 2023-08-28 Sarah Potthoff, Christin Hempeler, Jakov Gather, Astrid Gieselmann, Jochen Vollmann, Matthé Scholten
The ethics review of qualitative health research poses various challenges that are due to a mismatch between the current practice of ethics review and the nature of qualitative methodology. The process of obtaining ethics approval for a study by a research ethics committee before the start of a research study has been described as “procedural ethics” and the identification and handling of ethical issues
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A fair exchange: why living kidney donors in England should be financially compensated Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy (IF 1.917) Pub Date : 2023-08-24 Daniel Rodger, Bonnie Venter
Every year, hundreds of patients in England die whilst waiting for a kidney transplant, and this is evidence that the current system of altruistic-based donation is not sufficient to address the shortage of kidneys available for transplant. To address this problem, we propose a monopsony system whereby kidney donors can opt-in to receive financial compensation, whilst still preserving the right of
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Popperian methodology and the Semmelweis case* Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy (IF 1.917) Pub Date : 2023-08-16 Zuzana Parusniková
Semmelweis’ discovery of the etiology of childbed fever has long attracted the attention of historians of medicine and biographers. In recent years it has also become of increasing interest to philosophers. In this paper I discuss the interpretation of Semmelweis’ methodology from the viewpoint of the inference to the best explanation and argue that Popperian methodology is better at capturing the
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Authenticity and the argument from testability: a bottom-up approach Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy (IF 1.917) Pub Date : 2023-08-16 Jasper Debrabander
Jesper Ahlin Marceta published an article in this journal in which he formulated his “argument from testability”, stating that it is impossible, at least practically, to operationalize procedural authenticity. That is, using procedural accounts of authenticity, one cannot reliably differentiate between authentic and inauthentic desires. There are roughly two ways to respond to the argument from testability:
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“Green informed consent” in the classroom, clinic, and consultation room Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy (IF 1.917) Pub Date : 2023-08-16 Cristina Richie
The carbon emissions of global health care activities make up 4–5% of total world emissions, placing it on par with the food sector. Carbon emissions are particularly relevant for health care because of climate change health hazards. Doctors and health care professionals must connect their health care delivery with carbon emissions and minimize resource use when possible as a part of their obligation
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The epistemic harms of direct-to-consumer genetic tests Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy (IF 1.917) Pub Date : 2023-07-25 Yasmin Haddad
In this paper, I provide an epistemic evaluation of the harms that result from the widespread marketing of direct-to-consumer (DTC) genetic tests. While genetic tests are a valuable accessory diagnostic tool when ordered by a medical practitioner, there are different implications when they are sold directly to consumers. I aim to show that there are both epistemic and non-epistemic harms associated
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Justifying a morally permissible breach of contract: kantian ethics, nozickian justice, and vaccine patents Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy (IF 1.917) Pub Date : 2023-07-21 Luís Cordeiro-Rodrigues
Although some have argued that COVID-19 vaccine patents are morally justified, a broader argument on the morality of breaching contracts is necessary. This article explores the ethics of breaching unfair contracts and argues that it is morally justified to breach contracts with pharmaceutical companies concerning vaccine patents. I offer two arguments to support this view. Firstly, contracts may be
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Abortion, euthanasia, and the limits of principlism Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy (IF 1.917) Pub Date : 2023-07-20 Brieann Rigby, Xavier Symons
Principlism is an ethical framework that has dominated bioethical discourse for the past 50 years. There are differing perspectives on its proper scope and limits. In this article, we consider to what extent principlism provides guidance for the abortion and euthanasia debates. We argue that whilst principlism may be considered a useful framework for structuring bioethical discourse, it does not in
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Ontological insecurity in the post-covid-19 fallout: using existentialism as a method to develop a psychosocial understanding to a mental health crisis Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy (IF 1.917) Pub Date : 2023-06-30 Matthew Bretton Oakes
In the wake of the Covid-19 pandemic we are witnessing a significant rise in mental illness diagnosis and corresponding anti-depressant prescription uptake. The drug response to this situation is unsurprising and reinforces the dominant role (neuro)biology continues to undertake within modern psychiatry. In contrast to this biologically informed, medicalised approach, the World Health Organisation
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Intentional presence and the accompaniment of dying patients Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy (IF 1.917) Pub Date : 2023-06-20 Alexandra Guité-Verret, Mélanie Vachon, Dominique Girard
In this paper, we offer a phenomenological and hermeneutical perspective on the presence of clinicians who care for the suffering and dying patients in the context of end-of-life care. Clinician presence is described as a way of (1) being present to the patient and to oneself, (2) being in the present moment, and (3) receiving and giving a presence (in the sense of a gift). We discuss how presence
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Towards a concept of embodied autonomy: In what ways can a patient’s body contribute to the autonomy of medical decisions? Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy (IF 1.917) Pub Date : 2023-06-09 Jonathan Lewis, Søren Holm
“Bodily autonomy” has received significant attention in bioethics, medical ethics, and medical law in terms of the general inviolability of a patient’s bodily sovereignty and the rights of patients to make choices (e.g., reproductive choices) that concern their own body. However, the role of the body in terms of how it can or does contribute to a patient’s capacity for, or exercises of their autonomy
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The fertility of moral ambiguity in precision medicine Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy (IF 1.917) Pub Date : 2023-06-06 Jeanette Bresson Ladegaard Knox, Mette Nordahl Svendsen
Although precision medicine cuts across a large spectrum of professions, interdisciplinary and cross-sectorial moral deliberation has yet to be widely enacted, let alone formalized in this field. In a recent research project on precision medicine, we designed a dialogical forum (i.e. ‘the Ethics Laboratory’) giving interdisciplinary and cross-sectorial stakeholders an opportunity to discuss their moral
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Black-box assisted medical decisions: AI power vs. ethical physician care Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy (IF 1.917) Pub Date : 2023-06-05 Berman Chan
I raise an ethical problem with physicians using “black box” medical AI algorithms, arguing that its use would compromise proper patient care. Even if AI results are reliable, my contention is that without being able to explain medical decisions to patients, physicians’ use of black box AIs would erode the effective and respectful care they provide patients. In addition, I argue that physicians should
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Precision medicine and the problem of structural injustice Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy (IF 1.917) Pub Date : 2023-05-25 Sara Green, Barbara Prainsack, Maya Sabatello
Many countries currently invest in technologies and data infrastructures to foster precision medicine (PM), which is hoped to better tailor disease treatment and prevention to individual patients. But who can expect to benefit from PM? The answer depends not only on scientific developments but also on the willingness to address the problem of structural injustice. One important step is to confront
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Temporal uncertainty in disease diagnosis Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy (IF 1.917) Pub Date : 2023-05-24 Bjørn Hofmann
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Adaptation and illness severity: the significance of suffering Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy (IF 1.917) Pub Date : 2023-05-13 Borgar Jølstad
Adaptation to illness, and its relevance for distribution in health care, has been the subject of vigorous debate. In this paper I examine an aspect of this discussion that seems so far to have been overlooked: that some illnesses are difficult, or even impossible, to adapt to. This matters because adaptation reduces suffering. Illness severity is a priority setting criterion in several countries.
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What makes a health system good? From cost-effectiveness analysis to ethical improvement in health systems Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy (IF 1.917) Pub Date : 2023-05-12 James Wilson
Fair allocation of scarce healthcare resources has been much studied within philosophy and bioethics, but analysis has focused on a narrow range of cases. The Covid-19 pandemic provided significant new challenges, making powerfully visible the extent to which health systems can be fragile, and how scarcities within crucial elements of interlinked care pathways can lead to cascading failures. Health
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From biocolonialism to emancipation: considerations on ethical and culturally respectful omics research with indigenous Australians Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy (IF 1.917) Pub Date : 2023-05-12 Gustavo H. Soares, Joanne Hedges, Sneha Sethi, Brianna Poirier, Lisa Jamieson
As part of a (bio)colonial project, the biological information of Indigenous Peoples has historically been under scientific scrutiny, with very limited benefits for communities and donors. Negative past experiences have contributed to further exclude Indigenous communities from novel developments in the field of omics research. Over the past decade, new guidelines, reflections, and projects of genetic
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Engaging otherness: care ethics radical perspectives on empathy Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy (IF 1.917) Pub Date : 2023-05-12 Jolanda van Dijke, Inge van Nistelrooij, Pien Bos, Joachim Duyndam
Throughout the years, care ethicists have raised concerns that prevalent definitions of empathy fail to adequately address the problem of otherness. They have proposed alternative conceptualizations of empathy that aim to acknowledge individual differences, help to extend care beyond one’s inner circle, and develop a critical awareness of biases and prejudices. We explore three such alternatives: Noddings’
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Relating to foetal persons: why women’s Voices come first and last, but not alone in Abortion debates Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy (IF 1.917) Pub Date : 2023-05-12 Stephen Milford
Abortion remains a controversial topic, with pro-life and pro-choice advocates clashing fiercely. However, public polling demonstrates that the vast majority of the Western public holds a middle position: being in favour of abortion but not in all circumstances nor at any time. The intuitions held by the majority seem to imply a contradiction: two early foetuses at the same point in development have
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What does it mean to call a medical device invasive? Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy (IF 1.917) Pub Date : 2023-05-03 Eran Klein
Medical devices are often referred to as being invasive or non-invasive. Though invasiveness is relevant, and central, to how devices are understood and regarded in medicine and bioethics, a consensus concept or definition of invasiveness is lacking. To begin to address this problem, this essay explores four possible descriptive meanings of invasiveness: how devices are introduced to the body, where
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Empowerment: Freud, Canguilhem and Lacan on the ideal of health promotion Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy (IF 1.917) Pub Date : 2023-04-27 Bas de Boer, Ciano Aydin
Empowerment is a prominent ideal in health promotion. However, the exact meaning of this ideal is often not made explicit. In this paper, we outline an account of empowerment grounded in the human capacity to adapt and adjust to environmental and societal norms without being completely determined by those norms. Our account reveals a tension at the heart of empowerment between (a) the ability of self-governance
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The biopsychosocial model: Its use and abuse Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy (IF 1.917) Pub Date : 2023-04-17 Alex Roberts
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Body objectified? Phenomenological perspective on patient objectification in teleconsultation Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy (IF 1.917) Pub Date : 2023-04-08 Māra Grīnfelde
The global crisis of COVID-19 pandemic has considerably accelerated the use of teleconsultation (consultation between the patient and the doctor via video platforms). While it has some obvious benefits and drawbacks for both the patient and the doctor, it is important to consider—how teleconsultation impacts the quality of the patient-doctor relationship? I will approach this question through the lens
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'You have to put a lot of trust in me': autonomy, trust, and trustworthiness in the context of mobile apps for mental health Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy (IF 1.917) Pub Date : 2023-03-30 Regina Müller, Nadia Primc, Eva Kuhn
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“Overestimated technology – underestimated consequences” – reflections on risks, ethical conflicts, and social disparities in the handling of non-invasive prenatal tests (NIPTs) Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy (IF 1.917) Pub Date : 2023-03-18 Marion Baldus
New technologies create new complexities. Since non-invasive prenatal tests (NIPTs) were first introduced, keeping pace with complexity constitutes an ongoing task for medical societies, politics, and practice. NIPTs analyse the chromosomes of the fetus from a small blood sample. Initially, NIPTs were targeted at detecting trisomy 21 (Down syndrome): meanwhile there are sequencing techniques capable
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Ethical challenges of clinical trials with a repurposed drug in outbreaks Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy (IF 1.917) Pub Date : 2023-03-07 Katarzyna Klas, Karolina Strzebonska, Marcin Waligora
Drug repurposing is a strategy of identifying new potential uses for already existing drugs. Many researchers adopted this method to identify treatment or prevention during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, despite the considerable number of repurposed drugs that were evaluated, only some of them were labeled for new indications. In this article, we present the case of amantadine, a drug commonly used
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Paternalistic persuasion: are doctors paternalistic when persuading patients, and how does persuasion differ from convincing and recommending? Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy (IF 1.917) Pub Date : 2023-03-01 Anniken Fleisje
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Should responsibility be used as a tiebreaker in allocation of deceased donor organs for patients suffering from alcohol-related end-stage liver disease? Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy (IF 1.917) Pub Date : 2023-02-13 Diehua Hu, Nadia Primc
There is a long-standing debate concerning the eligibility of patients suffering from alcohol-related end-stage liver disease (ARESLD) for deceased donor liver transplantation. The question of retrospective and/or prospective responsibility has been at the center of the ethical discussion. Several authors argue that these patients should at least be regarded as partly responsible for their ARESLD.
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Pandemics and the precautionary principle: an analysis taking the Swedish Corona Commission’s report as a point of departure Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy (IF 1.917) Pub Date : 2023-02-13 Anders Nordgren
In the initial phase of the COVID-19 pandemic, Sweden’s response stood out as an exception. For example, Sweden did not introduce any lockdowns, while many other countries did. In this paper I take the Swedish Corona Commission’s critique of the initial Swedish response as a point of departure for a general analysis of precaution in relation to pandemics. The Commission points out that in contrast
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“Ruptured selves: moral injury and wounded identity” Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy (IF 1.917) Pub Date : 2023-02-13 Jonathan M. Cahill, Ashley J. Moyse, Lydia S. Dugdale
Moral injury is the trauma caused by violations of deeply held values and beliefs. This paper draws on relational philosophical anthropologies to develop the connection between moral injury and moral identity and to offer implications for moral repair, focusing particularly on healthcare professionals. We expound on the notion of moral identity as the relational and narrative constitution of the self
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The impairment argument, ethics of abortion, and nature of impairing to the n + 1 degree Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy (IF 1.917) Pub Date : 2023-01-27 Alex R Gillham
I argue here that the impairment principle requires clarification. It needs to explain what makes one impairment greater than another, otherwise we will be unable to make the comparisons it requires, the ones that enable us to determine whether b really is a greater impairment than a, and as a result, whether causing b is immoral because causing a is. I then develop two of what I think are the most
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Towards trust-based governance of health data research Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy (IF 1.917) Pub Date : 2023-01-12 Marieke A. R. Bak, M. Corrette Ploem, Hanno L. Tan, M. T. Blom, Dick L. Willems
Developments in medical big data analytics may bring societal benefits but are also challenging privacy and other ethical values. At the same time, an overly restrictive data protection regime can form a serious threat to valuable observational studies. Discussions about whether data privacy or data solidarity should be the foundational value of research policies, have remained unresolved. We add to
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Empowerment through health self-testing apps? Revisiting empowerment as a process Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy (IF 1.917) Pub Date : 2023-01-02 Alexandra Kapeller, Iris Loosman
Empowerment, an already central concept in public health, has gained additional relevance through the expansion of mobile health (mHealth). Especially direct-to-consumer self-testing app companies mobilise the term to advertise their products, which allow users to self-test for various medical conditions independent of healthcare professionals. This article first demonstrates the absence of empowerment
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Social inclusion revisited: sheltered living institutions for people with intellectual disabilities as communities of difference Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy (IF 1.917) Pub Date : 2022-12-30 Femmianne Bredewold, Simon van der Weele
The dominant idea in debates on social inclusion of people with intellectual disabilities is that social inclusion requires recognition of their ‘sameness’. As a result, most care providers try to enable people with intellectual disabilities to live and participate in ‘normal’ society, ‘in the community’. In this paper, we draw on (Pols, Medicine Health Care and Philosophy 18:81–90, 2015) empirical