ABSTRACT In 1957, the Fellowship of Reconciliation (FOR), a pacifist Christian group, published a comic book entitled Martin Luther King and The Montgomery Story. This document has received some attention in recent years in light of Congressman John Lewis’ recent comic series March, which was inspired by this 1957 work. While there has been some discussion of its creation, there has been less discussion

(2021). God with us: lived theology and the freedom struggle in Americus, Georgia, 1942–1976. The Sixties. Ahead of Print.

(2021). The Young Lords: a radical history. The Sixties. Ahead of Print.

(2021). On the freedom side: how five decades of youth activists have remixed American history. The Sixties. Ahead of Print.

ABSTRACT This study examines the anti-war movement’s conflicted attitude toward the Arab-Israeli conflict in the late 1960s and early 1970s. It details how these uncertainties highlighted and exacerbated several fault lines, including between those advocating the single-issue approach versus those wishing to expand the movement’s focus beyond Vietnam, and between anti-imperialists who denounced Israel

(2020). Break on through: radical psychiatry and the American counterculture. The Sixties: Vol. 13, No. 2, pp. 164-167.

(2020). The closet and the cul-de-sac: the politics of sexual privacy in Northern California. The Sixties: Vol. 13, No. 2, pp. 169-172.

ABSTRACT Scholars have taken great interest in black conservatism, but most focus on the ideology’s contours during the post-civil rights era. Few closely interrogate the relationship between black conservatives and white conservative groups, particularly during the height of the civil rights movement. This article takes a close look at the partnership between black conservative George S. Schuyler

(2020). A specter haunting the cinema. The Sixties: Vol. 13, No. 2, pp. 146-155.

ABSTRACT This article considers André Luiz Oliveira’s Meteorango Kid – O herói intergalático (1969), an important yet often overlooked contribution to Brazilian Cinema Marginal of late 1960s and early 1970s. These low-budget, black and white cinematic productions rejected the revolutionary nationalism of Cinema Novo and embraced instead an “aesthetics of garbage” that conveyed a position of marginality

(2020). Her neighbor’s wife: a history of lesbian desire within marriage. The Sixties: Vol. 13, No. 2, pp. 167-169.

(2020). Student revolt in 1968: France, Italy and West Germany. The Sixties: Vol. 13, No. 2, pp. 160-172.

(2020). People’s diplomacy of Vietnam: soft power in the resistance war, 1965-1972. The Sixties: Vol. 13, No. 2, pp. 162-164.

ABSTRACT Usually recalled through historical events and the stories of leaders, The Sixties also encompassed activism by “rank-and-filers,” ordinary people who found the start of their adult lives upended by the senseless Vietnam War. That tragedy depended on the escalation of the racist and class-divisive “peacetime” military draft system. Former draft resister, Paul Kleyman, now a grandfather of

(2020). A class act: Mary Quant and Terence Conran in the long sixties. The Sixties: Vol. 13, No. 2, pp. 156-159.

The Jazz and People’s Movement, led by multi-instrumentalist and Atlantic Records recording star Rahsaan Roland Kirk, began disrupting network television talk shows in 1970. The movement aimed to s...

Gabriel Thompson maps the long, slow development of Fred Ross’s grassroots organizing strategies throughout the state of California in America’s Social Arsonist. Though Ross’s life was anything but slow, his method for inspiring and structuring community activism came together over time and changed little once he fine-tuned his methods. The unlikely organizer from Los Angeles was thrust into relief

The worlds of psychedelic posters, the history of art, and the counterculture suffered a major blow early this year with the passing, within just days of one another, of two of the formative and superlative artists of the psychedelic poster movement of the 1960 s: Robert Wesley Wilson (July 15, 1937– January 24, 2020) and Bonnie MacLean (December 28, 1939–February 4, 2020). Wilson and MacLean were

benefit from in-depth exploration of these women and their connections to Women’s Liberation (or lack thereof!). Despite its drawbacks, 1968: A Pivotal Moment in American Sports is an appealing survey and concise analysis of sports and politics. Focusing on one year and making innovative connections across the realms of sports and politics, 1968 is a welcome addition to sport history. Although the

Farber, David. “Building the Counterculture, Creating Right Livelihoods: The Counterculture at Work.” The Sixties: A Journal of History, Politics and Culture 6, no. 1, June (2013): 1–24. doi:10.1080/17541328.2013.778706. Henderson, Stuart. Making the Scene: Yorkville and Hip Toronto in the 1960s. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2011. McGirr, Lisa. Suburban Warriors: The Origins of the New American

Every year around the time of Martin Luther King’s birthday, we hear that the revered civil-rights leader came to understand late in his life that sweeping economic reform was essential for racial progress, but that this “radical” King has been obscured by the antiseptic apostle of brotherhood favored by the media. Since we hear this theme every year, we may ask just how deeply suppressed it can be

ABSTRACT This paper argues for the inclusion of the GI Movement in narratives of the New Left. Through an analysis of the GI underground press this article explores activists’ emphasis on participatory democracy, making America’s professed ideals a reality for all, and their critiques of authority and existing power structures of the Establishment. Despite diverging from popular images of the Sixties

ABSTRACT Key to the influential idea of a “global Sixties” has been a rich scholarship addressing the global orientation and sensibility of student and youth movements in disparate locations and the connections between them. Research exploring the diffusion across national borders of radical ideas and strategies, however, has tended to focus on large, urban centers at the expense of rural and regional

Ford, Tanisha C. Liberated Threads: Black Women, Style, and the Global Politics of Soul. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2015. Joseph, Peniel E. “Black Liberation Without Apology: Reconceptualizing the Black Power Movement.” Black Scholar 31, no. 3–4 (2001): 2–19. doi:10.1080/00064246.2001.11431152. Meier, August, and Elliott Rudwick. CORE: A Study in the Civil Rights Movement, 1942–1968

ABSTRACT Using oral history interviews and questionnaires gathered as part of the ‘Cultural Memory and British Cinema-going of the 1960s’ project, this article recovers and analyses the reminiscences of people who were interested or involved in the British counterculture. By drawing on a broader range of experiences than typically represented in canonical accounts of the counterculture and those that

Turkish psychedelia with a parallel narration about the global music scene. The similarities to, influences from, and, sometimes, mimicries of global hit songs are elaborately pointed out, which makes it stand out as a detailed comparison between Turkish and global psychedelia. Despite all the strong points of the book, some of the English translations of the Turkish song titles should be reviewed

ABSTRACT The rise of the Latino population in Chicago during the 1960s and 1970s appeared to coincide with the inevitable breakdown of an aging political machine hobbled under the weight of the urban crisis. Instead, that old machine—defined by a patronage system, corruption, and voter intimidation—continued functioning, even as the city’s wards became browner. Through an examination of the relationship

ABSTRACT In 2009, television networks worldwide broadcast the performance of the nonagenarian Pete Seeger, an aging icon of the Sixties, accompanied by his son Tao, Bruce Springsteen, and a choir of children, at the inauguration of President Barack Obama, a figure intimately associated by many with a fulfilment of at least some of the progressive potential of the Sixties. The event encapsulated an

ABSTRACT This article locates the roots of “punk rock” in the “hippie” counterculture of Detroit, circa 1967–1970. It opens with an intellectual biography of John Sinclair, emphasizing how he developed the principle of Do-It-Yourself (DIY) in his work with the Detroit Artists Workshop and then his management of the band, the MC5. The article then explores the role of the audience in the MC5’s shows

with the general thrust of the Black Freedom movement when they made this shift toward electoral politics, yet this process also accelerated the party’s decline. The denouement of the BPP came as consequence of numerous factors. Volumes have explored the internal disputes, state repression, criminal activities, and mismanagement that brought the most celebrated radical leftist organization of the Long

march through the institutions,” to borrow a phrase. The book’s main flaw is in its lack of organization. There is no discernable order to the essays. This may highlight that there is “no one narrative” (xlviii), as Cronin writes in the introduction, but it risks key themes falling through the cracks. For example, several essays engage with the question of symbolic protest. They are naturally in conversation

ABSTRACT The Joint Show was the first significant exhibition of posters and counterculture art in a reputable art gallery. Held July-September 1967 at the Walter Moore Gallery in San Francisco, it showcased artwork by Wes Wilson, Rick Griffin, Stanley Mouse, Alton Kelley, and Victor Moscoso. Examining the conception, preparation, contents, opening, and press coverage, this article pieces together the

I would first like to thank the organizers of this symposium for posing as the frame for our dialogue, the question: “Why do we still care about 1968?” and not, as they might have, “Why does 1968 still matter?”. My answer proceeds from the universe separating the two questions. Beyond a certain reach of time, no era or event has intrinsic power to fix our historical gaze or demand persisting scrutiny

that can equally serve classrooms, research, and the general reader interested in a fascinating chapter in this important era. Not all travelers succeeded entirely in their mission. Noting the disillusionment of one searcher on discovering mid-trail the elusive nature of the exotic yoga experience he was hoping to find – the trail often continued on to Kathmandu, Bangkok, even Bali – the authors comment

ABSTRACT The Australian artist Martin Sharp (1942–2013) produced a series of psychedelic artworks in London between 1966 and 1968, the most famous of which were the Disraeli Gears record cover for rock group Cream and the Bob Dylan Blowin’ in the Mind poster. Sharp’s work exemplifies the connection between early twentieth century Modernist art movements, Pop art and acid-induced psychedelia of the

stories into national ones. And so in Tochterman’s telling of the backstory to our current moment, the origin of neoliberalism’s “weakening of public redevelopment mechanisms” nationwide can be found in the declensionist narratives that were so widely produced and consumed by New Yorkers during the 1960s and ‘70s (13). Tochterman’s focus on urban imaginaries can leave him ignoring, well, certain realities

Abstract In 1971, anti-abortion leaders in the United States came together to establish a new national organization, Americans United for Life (AUL). In its first year, AUL struggled to put ecumenism into practice and deliberated over how best to spread its message. After months of often-bitter debate, right-to-lifers in AUL chose compromise over absolutism and education over protest. They positioned

profoundly discredited by modern art. The question forms the background for a return to the much-discussed work of Gerhard Richter, whose very different brand of photorealism stages constant confrontations with modernist abstraction, as well as with the administrative orders of a divided postwar Germany. His claim that “what is good in art is always factual” translated into the decidedly non-painterly

Abstract “Serving with Pride and Dignity” (SWPD), the Women’s Army Corps’ traveling pageant, toured all 50 states from 1963 to 1969 with the intent to promote the Corps and improve its reputation with the American public. It combined the American history of women and war with the American history of fashion. The pageant offered a narrative that told the story of American women and the military, highlighting

Berger, Dan. Outlaws of America: The Weather Underground and the Politics of Solidarity. Oakland: AK Press, 2006. Burrough, Bryan. Days of Rage: America’s Radical Underground, the FBI, and the Forgotten Age of Revolutionary Violence. New York: Penguin Press, 2015. Eckstein, Arthur M. Bad Moon Rising: How the Weather Underground Beat the FBI and Lost the Revolution. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press

The exhibition, The British Underground Press of the Sixties, held at London’s A22 Gallery brought together some of the most important underground publications of the Sixties, such as International...

Abstract The International War Crimes Tribunal organized by Bertrand Russell in 1966–1967 sought to investigate alleged violations of international law and the Nuremberg Principles by the United States in Vietnam. While the Tribunal successfully convened three sets of hearings in Stockholm, Sweden, Roskilde, Denmark, and, Tokyo, Japan, it was easily dismissed in most of Western Europe and the United

Abstract Despite her well-documented fame, Jacqueline Bouvier Kennedy is largely absent from the historiography of modern American womanhood. When addressed, she is often regarded as a figure of style rather than substance. This article reconsiders the potential influence of JBK through investigation of her 1962 White House Restoration and responses of American citizens, popular American media, and

Abstract Historians have frequently characterized postwar liberalism by the limitations placed upon it by a rigid anticommunist framework and an abandonment of the social democratic currents found in the New Deal that left it with little more to stand on than a commitment to the piecemeal reforms of the Fair Deal and the enshrinement of civil and voting rights into law. Such characterizations describe

Avila, Eric. The Folklore of the Freeway: Race and Revolt in the Modernist City. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2014. Dávila, Arlene. Barrio Dreams: Puerto Ricans, Latinos, and the Neoliberal City. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2004. Innis-Jiménez, Michael. Steel Barrio: The Great Mexican Migration to South Chicago, 1915–1940. New York: New York University Press, 2013. Johnson

Beth Sanders’s The Draft and the Vietnam Generation captures just how central the draft was to the lives of young men in the 1960s. “I’d wake up every morning thinking about the war and the draft,”...

Abstract This keynote address delivered at the “Revisiting the Summer of Love, Rethinking the Counterculture” conference in July 2017 argues that we can better remember, historicize, and understand the “Summer of Love” by glimpsing its oscillations between micro and macrocosmic perspectives. Trying for what Sly and the Family Stone would eventually call “hot fun in the summertime,” participants reoriented

I have a poster from Cuba, given to me by a friend, of an image of Ho Chi Minh along with Vietnamese farmers, soldiers, and workers, and at the bottom is the phrase, in Spanish, English, French, an...

The collection of articles in this Special Issue originated in a panel at the 2016 Association for Asian Studies in Asia conference, held at Doshisha University in Kyoto, Japan. Their collective go...

Abstract This paper explores a small strike organized by University of California (UC) exchange students studying abroad in Tokyo in 1969. This minor event demonstrates the overlapping motivations and interpretations of student protests in both the US and Japan in the late 1960s. I examine how participants in this specific and limited case negotiated their activism within a larger geopolitical context

Abstract The Sunagawa Struggle, a massive anti-US base protest in the suburbs of western Tokyo, had lasting impacts not only on the US–Japan security alliance, but also on the people who participated on both sides of the protest lines. This article traces the lives of two people who were profoundly changed by their experiences of the anti-base movement in Japan: Dennis Banks, a young airman who was

Abstract This essay explores the development of the US deserter support movement in the Japanese Global Sixties. Between 1967 and 1970, eighteen American deserters escaped from Japan to Europe through local, national, and transnational trust networks generated by the Japanese civic group Beheiren (Peace for Vietnam! Committee). Deserters were symbolized as “cosmopolitan agency” which extends beyond

exemplary, Hippie Modernism. Scholars like Simon Sadler, Greg Castillo, and Felicity Scott all interpreted and critiqued the Whole Earth Catalog, adding a critical corollary to the work of 60s historians’ recent synthetic efforts like, David Kaiser and W. Patrick McCray’s collection of essays, Groovy Science: Knowledge, Innovation and American Counterculture. The field guide serves as something of

Abstract This article explores the transpacific anti-imperial solidarity of American and Japanese anti-Vietnam War activists through a focus on the international anti-Vietnam War conference held in 1969 in Tokyo and antiwar activities engaged in by American and Japanese activists in the areas surrounding US military facilities and bases in Japan. By the late 1960s, the transnational alliances of these

Abstract This article focuses on West German cinema around 1968 of the then newly established Deutsche Film- und Fernsehakademie Berlin (dffb), especially of Harun Farocki, Ulrich Knaudt and Helke Sander. Early dffb films form a pivotal aesthetic and political node of 1960s West German film history hitherto under-examined. In both form and content, these films experimented with and contributed to the

Abstract This essay introduces West German Cinema around 1968 that has been overshadowed by Young German Cinema and New German Cinema. It presents the film schools established in response to the 1962 Oberhausen Manifesto: the Institut für Filmgestaltung Ulm (Ulm Institute for Film Design); the Deutsche Film und Fernsehakademie Berlin (dffb, German Film and Television Academy Berlin), and the Hochschule

Abstract In 1967 at the fourth exprmntl film festival in Knokke Belgium, a group of German activist film students led by Harun Farocki sought to disrupt screenings with politically engaged happenings. Rejecting these protests, Birgit and Wilhelm Hein returned to Cologne and with other inspired filmmakers co-founded Xscreen, an institution of underground, experimental, material, and independent films

Jack Hamilton’s Just Around Midnight‬ poses a tantalizing question about American popular culture in the decades after World War II: why did rock and roll, a musical genre that roared into the worl...

Abstract Responding to Marco Abel and Alexander Vazansky’s recent provocation to reevaluate and expand the notion of the “political” in late 1960s West German cinema, I argue in this essay that Roland Klick’s film Bübchen is “political” not only to the extent that it critically represents West German bourgeois morality, but also – and moreover – because it stages this critique through forms that deviate

Abstract The Grateful Dead struggled to make their band a sustainable, economically successful enterprise while also maintaining the countercultural ethos that had set them on their path and given them their collective identity. The Dead “family’s” business practices and adaptation to the capitalist marketplace, at a time when a new post-Fordist services and information economy were overtaking America’s