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A Musical Variation on Late Medieval Religious Reform: Johannes Nider and the Observant Dominican Liturgy Austrian History Yearbook (IF 0.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-17 Claire Taylor Jones
The Dominican friar Johannes Nider (1380–1438), known today as the father of witchcraft literature, played an important role at the Council of Basel (1431–49) on the Council's delegation to the Hussites and its deputation on religious reform. Despite Nider's reputation as a reformer of religious communities, his approach to communal liturgy has not attracted close attention. This article focuses on
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Austria and the Czech Republic as Immigration Countries: Transnational Labor Migration in Historical Comparison Austrian History Yearbook (IF 0.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-16 Mojmír Stránský, Philipp Ther
This article is an introduction to the forum that compares Austria and today's Czech Republic as immigration countries.
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Crusade, Culture, and Conflict: The Evidence of Monastic Miscellanies Austrian History Yearbook (IF 0.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-16 James D. Mixson
“Later” crusading has become a vibrant field in recent years, with a concern for our core theme, “patterns of conflict and negotiation,” at its center. Often, and rightly enough, those patterns have been focused on matters of high politics and diplomacy, military affairs, papal propaganda, and more. The approach adopted here complements these efforts by modulating their perspectives. This article explores
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Political Obligation and Self-Sufficiency in Leonardo Bruni's History of the Florentine People Austrian History Yearbook (IF 0.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-16 Griffin Ridley
Leonardo Bruni (1377–1444), chancellor of Florence, is today more famous as an initiator of civic humanism and a proponent of early modern republicanism than as a historian of medieval Florence. He owes this position most of all to Hans Baron, who argued that Florentine civic humanism—an exemplary mode of communal existence dedicated to the active life—as found particularly in Bruni's writings, stemmed
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Saint Joseph, the Turks, and the Jews: The Path to Antisemitism of Josef Deckert, Priest in Vienna, 1869–1901 Austrian History Yearbook (IF 0.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-09 David Lebovitch Dahl
This article studies the development of antisemitism in Austria in the late nineteenth century through the example of Josef Deckert. The priest is depicted in historiography as one of the most prominent anti-Jewish agitators of that period, but his path to antisemitism has not been explored. This research indicates that Deckert's adoption of antisemitic ideology happened abruptly and was not guided
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Pledging Lordly Rights and “Squeezing” Local Communities in the Later Middle Ages Austrian History Yearbook (IF 0.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-08 Jonathan R. Lyon
The fourteenth and fifteenth centuries were a period of rising expenses and mounting debt for Holy Roman emperors and other German lords. Rulers frequently sought to pay off these debts by pledging rights and properties to their creditors, who would then collect the income from those rights and properties over several years as a means of recuperating the money they were owed. However, this practice
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Migration in Austria after the Fall of the Iron Curtain Austrian History Yearbook (IF 0.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Gudrun Biffl
This article addresses the impact of the fall of the Iron Curtain on migration and migration policy in Austria. The introduction explains Austria's reasoning for prioritizing trade over migration policy relative to the Central and Eastern European countries after the fall of the Iron Curtain. This decision was a paradigm shift, abandoning the guest worker model of migration and introducing immigration
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Enlightened and Counter-Revolutionary: Revisiting the Origins of Galician Ruthenian Nation-Building Austrian History Yearbook (IF 0.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-25 Tomasz Hen-Konarski
This article offers an alternative focus for the study of the Ruthenian (Ukrainian) nation-building in early Austrian Galicia. It portrays elite Greek Catholic churchmen who made political claims about a self-standing Ruthenian nation already in the first decade of the nineteenth century. It argues that their political innovations were enabled by the ambitious state-building projects implemented in
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Gendering Late Medieval Habsburg Dynastic Politics: Maximilian I and His Social Networks Austrian History Yearbook (IF 0.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-25 Christina Lutter
While gender history has developed into a powerful branch of premodern history, we still know little about gender relations around Maximilian I. One reason is that research concentrated for a long time on the individual personality of the emperor without paying much attention to the manifold relations among men and women that in fact contributed to establishing his rule. Another reason is the specific
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Revolution, War, and Cholera in 1848–49: The Case of Hungary Austrian History Yearbook (IF 0.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-20 Csaba Fazekas
This paper investigates the events and lessons from the 1848–49 cholera epidemic in Hungary. For contemporaries, the ongoing revolution and civil war pushed the devastation of the cholera epidemic into the background, even though the death rate was similar to that of the earlier 1831 infection. The epidemic hit the country in a period when the revolutionary Hungarian state was waging a war of self-defense
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Collaborative Research in Imperial Vienna: Science Organization, Statehood, and Civil Society, 1848–1914 Austrian History Yearbook (IF 0.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-15 Johannes Mattes
This article deals with the goals, practices, and transformations of collaborative research that emerged between and within bureaucratic and bourgeois models of science organization in the late Habsburg monarchy. It offers novel insights into the political, social, and epistemic dimensions of public engagement in research, and evaluates the frameworks, profit expectations, and challenges involved.
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Food Profiteering, Paper Laws, and Criminal Justice in the Bohemian Lands after 1918 Austrian History Yearbook (IF 0.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-08 Václav Šmidrkal
The article deals with food profiteering in the Bohemian Lands after the declaration of Czechoslovakia in 1918. The new state faced a disintegrated society in which various units continued to fight each other for an advantage in the food market. While food shortages persisted, the Czechoslovak authorities had to deal with a situation in which food rationing laws had lost some of their power to distinguish
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Food Shortages during the Post-Habsburg Transition in the Bohemian Lands and Slovenia Austrian History Yearbook (IF 0.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-08 Václav Šmidrkal, Rok Stergar
This article introduces the forum on food shortages during the post-Habsburg transition in the Bohemian Lands and Slovenia. Using examples from these regions, it first outlines the food crisis that developed during World War I and contributed to the internal disintegration of the Habsburg Empire. The article then turns to Czechoslovakia and Yugoslavia, successor states which, despite their victorious
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Planting the Republic: State Regulation of the Discourse on Food Shortages in Public Communication in Early Czechoslovakia (1918–21) Austrian History Yearbook (IF 0.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-08 Pavel Horák
Czechoslovakia as a victorious, yet still fragile post-imperial state, considered censorship and state propaganda to be a necessary tool to secure its legitimacy at home and abroad. From the very beginning, Czechoslovakia defined itself as a democracy with freedom of speech as its basic principle, yet at the same time, it had to deal with inner fragility and outer vulnerabilities. The strategic agenda
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Promoting the State through Food Scarcity: Czechoslovakia and the United States after World War I Austrian History Yearbook (IF 0.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-08 Dagmar Hájková
After the collapse of the Habsburg monarchy, Czechoslovak leaders sought ways to strengthen the state's position in Europe and considered the republic's good reputation as essential to stabilizing the state and securing food supplies. This article analyzes how the Czechoslovak authorities portrayed their country's image and the postwar food shortage, and who participated in its construction. Hunger
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“Who Could Be Strong When Hungry?”: Food Supply and Nutrition of the Civilian Population in Maribor at the End of and after World War I Austrian History Yearbook (IF 0.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-08 Maja Godina Golija
The end of World War I brought not only the end of a great slaughter but also the creation of new countries, great expectations of better living conditions, and the promise of an end of scarcity. In Maribor, a contested border town occupied by Slovenian troops and annexed to the newly established State of Slovenes, Croats, and Serbs, expectations were even higher. A part of the population opposed the
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“Yugoslavia has Nothing. Yugoslavia has No Bread. But Hungary Gives Us Bread”: Access to Food and (Dis)loyalty in a “Redeemed” Yugoslav Borderland Austrian History Yearbook (IF 0.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-08 Jernej Kosi
This article illustrates the socioeconomic background of rural political discontent in the post-imperial Yugoslav border region Prekmurje. The author argues that during the post-Habsburg political transition and ensuing social transformation, the fundamental lack of loyalty to the Yugoslav state among an important segment of the rural population of Prekmurje was rooted in insufficient access to food
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“Yugoslavia is worthless . . . you can get neither sugar nor kerosene.” Food Supply and Political Legitimacy in the Slovene Part of Yugoslavia, 1918–1924 Austrian History Yearbook (IF 0.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-08 Rok Stergar
The new states that were established in the autumn of 1918 presented themselves as something new and better. Not only were they supposed to be the embodiment of the “national yearnings” of the formerly “oppressed nations” of the Habsburg Empire, but they were also meant to be more democratic and it was promised that their administrations would work better and their economies would flourish. In short
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Jews and German Politics: The Case of Habsburg Moravia, 1867–1918 Austrian History Yearbook (IF 0.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-06 Marsha L. Rozenblit
In the Austrian province of Moravia, Jews, most of whom spoke German, continued to participate in and support the German political community until the end of the Habsburg monarchy. Unlike in nearby Bohemia, German liberals in Moravia did not abandon the Jews as the franchise expanded and antisemitism grew. Indeed, the German Progressive Party continued to attract voters in the cities of the province
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Rebels and Turcophiles? The Hungarian Protestant Clergy's Resistance against the Habsburg Counter Reformation Austrian History Yearbook (IF 0.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-27 Georg B. Michels
In March 1674, Hungary's Lutheran and Calvinist clergy stood collectively accused of fomenting rebellion against the Habsburgs and seeking protection from the Ottomans. A widely publicized tribunal in Pozsony (Bratislava, Pressburg) resulted in systematic expulsions, incarcerations, and the sale of forty-two pastors as galley slaves. A voluminous body of historiography has been dedicated to the victims
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Slovenian Hopes and Plans in the Last Days of the Habsburg Monarchy Austrian History Yearbook (IF 0.4) Pub Date : 2024-01-15 Igor Ivašković
The article analyzes Slovenian perspectives on the possible formations of a state of South Slavs from the final stages of World War I until when the Kingdom of the Serbs, Croats, and Slovenians (SCS) was established in 1918. In this period, the most influential Slovenian People's Party (SLS) gradually abandoned the concept of the May Declaration and accepted the idea of unification with Serbia. Despite
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An Unintended Consequence: How the Modern Austrian School System Helped Set Up the Slovene Nation Austrian History Yearbook (IF 0.4) Pub Date : 2023-11-20 Karin Almasy
The Austrian school reforms of the 1850s and 1860s, inspired by the mindset of the democratic and civic revolutions of 1848, turned a predominantly feudal and religious school system into a modern one and brought basic education to the masses. In the following decades, literacy increased, basic knowledge spread, and the overwhelming influence of the Catholic church in school matters diminished. Yet
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Metternich's League to Preserve Peace and the Conservative Elites’ Doubts about the Functionality of the Post-Napoleonic Order Austrian History Yearbook (IF 0.4) Pub Date : 2023-11-10 Miroslav Šedivý
Before 1848 not merely democrats and liberals criticized the post-Napoleonic order for their growing mistrust of its ability to protect the sovereignty of smaller countries and preserve the general peace. The predominantly conservative ruling elite, namely rulers, statesmen, and diplomats, raised the same criticism when the law-breaking and abuse of power made them similarly mistrustful of the state
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Was the Habsburg Empire an Empire? Austrian History Yearbook (IF 0.4) Pub Date : 2023-06-22 John Connelly
The Habsburg monarchy seems doubly confounding. Its historians call it an empire, but it actually never called itself that. For a fraction of its existence (1804–67), the monarchy counted as a Kaisertum, a word meant to burnish the fading glory of a lost imperial title (of the Holy Roman Empire). But its rulers never evinced the self-confident imperial aggressiveness or the desire to exploit distant
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Climate Therapy and the Making of a Slavic Riviera on the Yugoslav Coast Austrian History Yearbook (IF 0.4) Pub Date : 2023-06-13 Igor Tchoukarine
Beginning with the profound geopolitical changes created by the dissolution of the Austro-Hungarian monarchy and the creation of the Czechoslovak and Yugoslav states, this article examines how medical knowledge about maritime climate and sea-based therapies was mobilized in Czech popular touristic writing about Yugoslavia's Adriatic coast in the 1920s. The analysis of archival documents as well as
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István Deák (1926–2023): In Memoriam Austrian History Yearbook (IF 0.4) Pub Date : 2023-05-25 Pieter M. Judson, Marsha L. Rozenblit
This is a tribute to István Deák, a prominent historian of Habsburg history. The tribute covers his early life in Budapest, the son of a middle-class family of Jewish origins who suffered as a Jew in 1944. Deák left Hungary in 1944, spent several years in France and Germany, and then came to the United States in 1956. Much of the commemoration covers his career as a professor of history at Columbia
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Verdi's Emperor Charles V: Risorgimento Politics, Habsburg History, and Austrian-Italian Operatic Culture Austrian History Yearbook (IF 0.4) Pub Date : 2023-05-05 Larry Wolff
This article considers the figure of Habsburg Emperor Charles V in relation to Italy, first as perceived by Italians in his own time, the sixteenth century, but then especially as evaluated by Italians of the Risorgimento—and notably by Verdi in his operatic work. The article emphasizes opera as a crucial cultural medium of Habsburg engagement with the Italian peninsula and of Italian culture within
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The Beautiful Public Danube: Water Uses, Water Rights, and the Habsburg Imperial State in the Mid-nineteenth Century Austrian History Yearbook (IF 0.4) Pub Date : 2023-04-24 Corentin Gruffat
This article analyzes an 1869 law from Cisleithania that defined all running waters as public goods. Economic and political actors debated the issue of water rights over several decades in the mid-nineteenth century, as is shown in contemporary publications, proceedings of assemblies, and administrative archives. The legal solution that was ultimately adopted established the management of water rights
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Game of Scipios: Habsburg Interpretations, Adaptations, and Uses of Scipio Africanus in Early Modern Europe Austrian History Yearbook (IF 0.4) Pub Date : 2023-04-14 Anastazja Maria Grudnicka
At the turn of the sixteenth century, the Habsburgs formulated a distinct dynastic identity that centered around their claims of ancient ancestry. They promoted this identity through an elaborate symbolic apparatus that extensively evoked historical and mythological figures from antiquity. This article identifies one such strand in the Habsburgs’ symbolic repertoires that centered upon their identification
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A Shakespearean Prophecy Fulfilled? Slav Solidarity and the Colonial Gaze in Czech Tourism on the Eastern Adriatic (1890s–1930s) Austrian History Yearbook (IF 0.4) Pub Date : 2023-03-31 Felix Jeschke
This article discusses discourses of Czech tourism on the Eastern Adriatic coast between the turn of the twentieth century and the 1930s using the Czech resorts in Baška on Krk Island and Kupari near Dubrovnik as case studies. The author argues that the ideological foundation of this type of tourism was a narrative of proximity between the Czechs and their fellow Slav Croatians. At the same time, the
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A Revolutionary's “Stravaganza”: Police and Morality in the Habsburg Empire (1780–1830) Austrian History Yearbook (IF 0.4) Pub Date : 2023-03-20 Pavel Himl
During the era following the Enlightenment, the police became the main institution to oversee the maintenance of public order in many European cities. Their activities also shaped the idea of public order and public morality. The police were important in the context of political change and perceived “threat of revolution” but also in other areas, including the control of movement and residence. From
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Building a Bilingual Elite: “National Indifference” and Romanian Students in Hungarian High Schools (1867–1914) Austrian History Yearbook (IF 0.4) Pub Date : 2023-03-13 Ágoston Berecz
This article highlights the role investment in Hungarian-language skills played in the social reproduction of the Romanian national elite in Dualist Hungary. At any point during the era, little less than half of middle-class Romanian students attended Hungarian-language high schools, which their parents largely considered as language training institutions. Parental choices and the sons’ experiences
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Outsider Bodies, Everyday Lives: Single Mothers and Their Children in Red Vienna Austrian History Yearbook (IF 0.4) Pub Date : 2023-03-13 Britta McEwen
Healthy bodies were central to the welfare projects of Red Vienna, 1919–34. This article traces the discourse of care surrounding single mothers and their children within the interwar Viennese welfare system, paying particular attention to the ways their bodies were described, monitored, and maximized for social utility. It establishes a shift in the perception of “worth” for these citizens, and then
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The “Bloody Election” in Drohobycz: Violence, Urban Politics, and National Memory in an Imperial Borderland Austrian History Yearbook (IF 0.4) Pub Date : 2022-06-20 Joshua Shanes
On 19 June 1911, dozens of Jews and Ukrainians were killed by the Austrian militia in Drohobycz at the command of the Jewish leader of the city, Jacob Feuerstein, to ensure the victory of the Jewish assimilationist candidate, aligned with the Polish elite, over the Zionist candidate. While dominating news at the time, reaching front pages around the globe, this event remains relatively unknown today
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Reviled, Repressed, Resurrected: Vienna 1900 in the Nazi Imaginary Austrian History Yearbook (IF 0.4) Pub Date : 2022-05-05 Laura Morowitz
Encompassing the final decades of Habsburg rule and the rise of modern culture, the cosmopolitan and Jewish Vienna of the fin de siècle was a despised locus in the Nazi historical imaginary. Vienna 1900 was a polyglot, multicultural city, a place where European Jewry had risen to unforeseen heights of economic prosperity and cultural influence; many Nazi ideologues, historians, and authors focused
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Metternich's Peace Management, 1840–48: Anachronism or Vision? Austrian History Yearbook (IF 0.4) Pub Date : 2022-04-19 Barbora Pásztorová
Austrian chancellor Metternich's Europeanism is often disputed. It has been claimed that he strove only to strengthen Austrian power within the German Confederation and to establish Austrian hegemony in Central Europe, with European interests and the Concert of only secondary concern. The objective of this article is to analyze Metternich's opinions and acts during selected European crises and events
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Democracy's Violent Birth: The Czech Legionnaires and Statue Wars in the First Czechoslovak Republic Austrian History Yearbook (IF 0.4) Pub Date : 2022-04-07 Nancy M. Wingfield
“Oh, home of tears, but let her bear this blazoned to the end of time: No nation rose so white and fair, none fell so pure of crime.” So reads the stanza from a poem popular in the South during the Civil War engraved on a Confederate soldier statue unveiled in 1911 on the lawn of the Cooke County courthouse in Gainesville, Texas (Figure 1). It is one of two Confederate statues long on display in the
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Archipelago Toyen: New Work on the Czech Avant-Garde Artist Austrian History Yearbook (IF 0.4) Pub Date : 2022-03-31 Helena Čapková
Toyen (1902–80, born Marie Čermínová), a Czech avant-garde artist who spent most of her life and career in France, associated with a multitude of art groups that were dominated by the ideas of surrealism. She was a seeker and traveler who enjoyed collaboration with friends of any gender, nationality, or identity as a vehicle for her individual creativity. Toyen's fascinating and extensive body of work
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Democratization and the Practices of Voting in Habsburg Austria, 1896–1914: New Directions in Research Austrian History Yearbook (IF 0.4) Pub Date : 2022-03-25 Birgitta Bader-Zaar
From the mid-1890s, Habsburg Austria began to follow European trends and experienced a gradual democratization of voting rights, which involved not only an expansion of the electorate but also an innovation of procedures that attempted to modernize elections. In this context, the article calls for a more systematic study of voting practices and attempts to point at some issues that have thus far received
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On Charles V Austrian History Yearbook (IF 0.4) Pub Date : 2022-03-18 James D. Tracy
Biographies of great men are often undertaken by amateurs. Professional historians prefer to focus on collective institutions that are thought to be the theater of history properly understood. Geoffrey Parker has been a key figure in developing the “military revolution” hypothesis that has guided a good deal of recent work in early modern military history; he understands the perils of a biography better
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Contesting Juridical Authority: Sharia, Marriage, and Morality in Habsburg Bosnia and Herzegovina Austrian History Yearbook (IF 0.4) Pub Date : 2022-03-17 Ninja Bumann
Following the Habsburg occupation of Bosnia, the newly built administration integrated much of the existing plural Ottoman legal system into its own. The ensuing transformation of Sharia courts saw them given “special jurisdiction” in the areas of Muslim marriage and divorce, which, in turn, fueled several legal challenges, such as how (if at all) they could prosecute “runaway” wives und unlawful marriages
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“According to the Strict Principles of Honor”: Loyalty, Ambition, and Service in the Habsburg Army during the Coalition Wars Austrian History Yearbook (IF 0.4) Pub Date : 2022-03-15 Kurt J. G. Baird
This article examines the lived experience of the Habsburg's military institutions in the lead-up to the Austro-Franco war of 1809, a period in which military service was positioned as the most loyal act a dutiful male subject of the emperor Francis I (II) could undertake. It does this by paying particular attention to a shameful and embarrassing public military display and the resulting near-violent
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Hermann Versus Varus at the Battle of Nations in Leipzig (1813): The Reception of the Hermann Myth during and after the Napoleonic Wars in Austria Austrian History Yearbook (IF 0.4) Pub Date : 2022-03-15 Daniela Haarmann
The Battle of the Teutoburg Forest between the Germanic Cherusci chieftain Arminius, or Hermann, and the Roman armies under Varus (9 AD) had served as an analogy for German–French hereditary enmity since the Thirty Years’ War (1618–48). This analogy was particularly popular during the Napoleonic Wars as it symbolized the unity, independence, and identity of German lands that were previously united
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Servants of Francophilia: French Migrant Women as Governesses in the Bohemian Lands, between Cultural Transmission and Reproduction of Social Distinction (1750–1810) Austrian History Yearbook (IF 0.4) Pub Date : 2021-08-20 Veronika Čapská
This article shows empirical and conceptual possibilities of exploring the transcultural roles and economic situations of French migrant women who served as governesses in the noble circles of the Habsburg monarchy. It combines various research methods, employing narrative textual analysis, socioeconomic and material culture approaches, and cultural exchange perspectives. The author uses printed librettos
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Against the World: The Collapse of Empire and the Deglobalization of Interwar Austria Austrian History Yearbook (IF 0.4) Pub Date : 2021-04-28 Tara Zahra
In Joseph Roth's novel Die Kapuzinergruft, a Polish count bemoans the fate of a chestnut seller. “He is only a chestnut roaster, but he is quite symbolic. Symbolic for the old Monarchy. This gentleman once sold his chestnuts everywhere, through half of Europe one might say. And everywhere where his roasted chestnuts were eaten was Austria, and the Emperor Franz Joseph reigned. Now there is no chestnut
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Global Prague: Renaissance and Reformation Crossroads: Introduction: Golden Prague—Beyond Rudolf Austrian History Yearbook (IF 0.4) Pub Date : 2021-04-08 Howard Louthan
Reading these articles in our AHY Forum brought back a flood of memories to my last days as a university undergraduate at Emory University when I first encountered Emperor Rudolf II and Renaissance Prague in a course taught by the late James Allen Vann. What captivates us about the past? What prompts naive undergraduates to take that fateful step and pursue a PhD in history? For me, it was simply Rudolf
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Global Catholicism in Seventeenth-Century Prague Austrian History Yearbook (IF 0.4) Pub Date : 2021-04-07 Suzanna Ivanič
The histories of early modern religion and trade have both benefited from the global turn in recent years. This article brings the two fields together through the study of religious objects in Prague in the seventeenth century and shows ways in which religion and religious practice were entangled with new commercial and artistic ventures that crossed regional and international borders. Among the possessions
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Illuminating Methods, Picturing Instruments: Tycho Brahe's Instrumental Images Austrian History Yearbook (IF 0.4) Pub Date : 2021-05-17 Ivana Horacek
This article considers the function of twenty-two hand-colored prints of mathematical instruments in Tycho Brahe's Astronomiae instauratae mechanica (Instruments of the renewed astronomy; 1598), a hand-painted presentation treatise dedicated to Emperor Rudolf II and conferred on a network of individuals connected to the imperial court in Prague. Although the accompanying text communicates the instruments’
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Ester, a Missing Clasp, and Jewish Pawnbroking Networks in Renaissance Prague Austrian History Yearbook (IF 0.4) Pub Date : 2021-04-07 Anna Parker
In 1577, a petty pawnbroker named Ester lost a clasp belonging to a Prague noblewoman, Lady Juliana the Fifth. Having been traded repeatedly between anonymous pawnbrokers, the clasp was eventually tracked down in the Polish city of Poznań, by which time Ester had already fled Prague and taken refuge in Cracow. In this essay, I use the subsequent criminal court case to explore this illuminating episode
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Encounters with Music in Rudolf II's Prague Austrian History Yearbook (IF 0.4) Pub Date : 2021-04-05 Erika Supria Honisch
This article uses three well-known members of Rudolf II's imperial court—the astronomer Johannes Kepler, the composer Philippe de Monte, and the adventurer Kryštof Harant—to delineate some ways music helped Europeans understand identity and difference in the early modern period. For Kepler, the unfamiliar intervals of a Muslim prayer he heard during the visit of an Ottoman delegation offered empirical
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Coda: Repositioning Early Modern Prague on the Global Stage Austrian History Yearbook (IF 0.4) Pub Date : 2021-04-05 Suzanna Ivanič
The question that sparked this forum was to what extent we can see Prague as an important stage for Renaissance and Reformation exchange and as an internationally connected city. It is striking, though not unexpected, that all the authors have been drawn to some extent to sources and subjects in Rudolfine Prague. It must be stressed, however, that the emphasis of each of these studies is somewhat different
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The Logic of Kleinkrieg: The “Book of Halil Beg” in Habsburg-Ottoman Diplomacy, 1550–76 Austrian History Yearbook (IF 0.4) Pub Date : 2021-04-05 James D. Tracy
The Ottoman conquest of Szigetvar and Gyula (1566) exposed the weakness of the Habsburg monarchy. Unable to mount a military response, Maximilian II depended on his diplomats to ward off the imposition of a conqueror's peace along the Hungarian border. But an official register, the Book of Halil Beg, put forward the sultan's claims to a wide swath of towns and villages, including many still held by
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Revisiting the Habsburg Mausoleum in St. Vitus Cathedral in Prague Austrian History Yearbook (IF 0.4) Pub Date : 2021-04-27 James Palmitessa
The Habsburg Mausoleum in St. Vitus Cathedral in Prague, designed and constructed in the second half of the sixteenth century by Alexander Colin from Mecheln in the Low Countries, is often noted in modern scholarship as an early manifestation of the influence in Bohemia of the Habsburg dynasty, which had ascended the Bohemian throne in 1527 and ruled without interruption until 1918. Bridging both art
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The Two Faces of the Hungarian Empire Austrian History Yearbook (IF 0.4) Pub Date : 2021-04-07 Bálint Varga
This article investigates the uses of the term “Hungarian Empire” during the long nineteenth century. It argues that the term “empire” emerged in the Hungarian political discourse in the Vormärz era and it was used to denote the imagined integrity of Hungary proper, Transylvania, Croatia, Slavonia, and eventually Dalmatia on the grounds of the historic rights of the Holy Crown of Hungary in the form
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Global Pests, National Pride, Local Problems, and the Crisis of Hungarian Wine, 1867–1914 Austrian History Yearbook (IF 0.4) Pub Date : 2021-04-12 Robert Nemes
Hungary has a long, rich history of wine production. Historians have emphasized wine's importance to the development of both the Hungarian economy and Hungarian nationalism. This article ties together these historiographical threads through a case study of a small village in one of Hungary's most famous wine regions. Tracing the village's history from the 1860s to World War I, the article makes three
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When the Music Stopped: Reactions to the Outbreak of World War I in an Austrian Province Austrian History Yearbook (IF 0.4) Pub Date : 2021-05-17 Laurence Cole, Marlene Horejs, Jan Rybak
The article analyzes reactions to the outbreak of World War I in the Habsburg Crownland of Salzburg. Based on a detailed examination of local sources, such as diaries, memoirs, church and gendarmerie chronicles, regional newspapers, and administrative records, the study sheds light on the complexity of responses and emotions elicited during the summer of 1914. Engaging with recent historiography on
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A Tentative Dissolution of Austria-Hungary: The 1914–15 Russian Occupation of Lviv in Polish Memory Austrian History Yearbook (IF 0.4) Pub Date : 2021-04-08 Adam Kożuchowski
This article analyzes a collection of narratives concerning the Russian occupation of Lviv (Lwów, Lemberg), the capital of the Austrian Crownland Galicia, between September 1914 and June 1915 in the initial phase of World War I. These narratives were produced and published in Polish and German between 1915, when Lviv was still occupied, and 1935, sixteen years after it had been included in a reborn
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The Battle for Post-Habsburg Trieste/Trst: State Transition, Social Unrest, and Political Radicalism (1918–23) Austrian History Yearbook (IF 0.4) Pub Date : 2021-04-05 Marco Bresciani
In spite of the recent transnational turn, there continues to be a considerable gap between Fascist studies and the new approaches to the transitions, imperial collapses, and legacies of post–World War I Europe. This article posits itself at the crossroads between fascist studies, Habsburg studies, and scholarship on post-1918 violence. In this regard, the difficulties of the state transition, the
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A New Austrian Regionalism: Alfons Walde and Austrian Identity in Painting after 1918 Austrian History Yearbook (IF 0.4) Pub Date : 2021-04-05 Julia Secklehner
This essay assesses the role of regionalism in interwar Austrian painting with a focus on the Tyrolean painter and architect Alfons Walde (1891–1958). At a time when painting was seen to be in crisis, eclipsed by the deaths of prominent Viennese artists such as Gustav Klimt and Egon Schiele, regionalism offered an alternative engagement with modern art. As the representative of a wider regionalist
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Whose Landscape Is It? Remapping Memory and History in Interwar Central Europe Austrian History Yearbook (IF 0.4) Pub Date : 2021-04-07 Nóra Veszprémi
After the collapse of the Habsburg Empire and the sanctioning of new national borders in 1920, the successor states faced the controversial task of reconceptualizing the idea of national territory. Images of historically significant landscapes played a crucial role in this process. Employing the concept of mental maps, this article explores how such images shaped the connections between place, memory