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Photographing Sites of Nazi Violence, 1933–1945 Central European History (IF 0.52) Pub Date : 2024-03-18 David Crew
By far the greatest number of photographs of Nazi sites of violence were taken by the perpetrators. Some Jews did work as official photographers in the ghettoes, but during deportations, in the camps and extermination centers, and at the sites of mass shootings, only Gestapo officers, SS men and women, or other authorized personnel were officially permitted to use cameras. In the Mauthausen concentration
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Forum: Authority, Sovereignty, Interpretation … Subtext? Controversies in Recent German Historiography Central European History (IF 0.52) Pub Date : 2024-03-14 Benjamin Carter Hett, Jennifer V. Evans, Anna Hájková, Hedwig Richter, Nathan Stoltzfus
Like other historiographical fields, that of German history has been defined through most of its existence by the things historians argued about. We could go back well over a hundred years to the Methodenstreit over Karl Lamprecht's efforts to write multidisciplinary history, follow the line through the work of Eckart Kehr, Fritz Fischer, Hans Ulrich Wehler, and the Sonderweg debate, and continue on
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An Imperial Adventus into a City of Warehouses: History, Modernity, and Urbanity in the Symbolic and Material Construction of Hamburg's Free Port Central European History (IF 0.52) Pub Date : 2024-03-07 Lasse Heerten
The article analyzes the contemporary material, political, and symbolic construction of Hamburg's free port, zooming in on its festive opening in 1888, when Kaiser Wilhelm II visited to perform this ceremonious act. Asking why the “Speicherstadt” (warehouse city) was right away dubbed a “city” even though this was an exclusively commercial space devoid of inhabitants, the article uses this case study
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Replacing Tsar, King, and Emperor with the Sultan: Ukrainians, Hungarians, and the Ottomans (1660–1680) Central European History (IF 0.52) Pub Date : 2024-03-06 Georg Michels
During the 1660s and 1670s, the Ottoman Empire reached the peak of its expansion with military invasions of Ukraine and Habsburg Hungary, parts of central Europe that had traditionally been regarded as beyond the Porte's horizons. Many Ukrainians and Hungarians welcomed the Ottomans as liberators; they saw the sultan as a more benevolent ruler than the Russian tsar, the Polish king, and the Habsburg
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Racial Colonists in the Nazi East: Disabled Veterans and the Malleable Boundaries of Race, Masculinity, and Disability Central European History (IF 0.52) Pub Date : 2024-01-25 Christopher Thomas Goodwin
The Wehrmacht's stunning victories in the first three years of the Second World War produced a euphoric response among Nazi leaders. Suddenly, the East became a vast expanse of nearly limitless possibilities, and creating a new racial order topped the list. Although most historians have focused on the Volksdeutsche, the regime also planned to settle veterans after the war's conclusion to serve as model
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Afterlives of Anders als die Andern and of Weimar Central European History (IF 0.52) Pub Date : 2024-01-12 Sara Friedman
This article uses reconstructions of the 1919 German LGBTQ+ rights film Anders als die Andern (Different from the Others) to consider the meaning of the Weimar Republic. It surveys Weimar's historiography, memorialization efforts, public commemorations, museums, and film reconstruction, drawing connections between these fields. The film as an incomplete document becomes a metaphor for incomplete histories
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An Awkward Predicament: “The German Man” and Feminized Modernity in the 1840s Central European History (IF 0.52) Pub Date : 2024-01-12 Tamar Kojman
This article examines self-disparaging representations of “the German man” in humorous middle-class visual and textual publications of the 1840s. Considering contemporary notions of German national character and the emergence of contradictory masculine ideals, the analysis traces the dual representation of the German man as either an emasculated philistine or a hypermasculine quixotic hero. Based on
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Of Fernweh and Fleabites: German Female Journalists in Pursuit of Adventure, 1937–1942 Central European History (IF 0.52) Pub Date : 2023-12-28 Katharina Friege
This article opens up new perspectives on gendered experiences of the Nazi era by exploring three individual women as case studies for subjective interpretations of German nationalism and modernity in the late 1930s and early 1940s. It focuses on Liselotte Purper, Ilse Steinhoff, and Margret Boveri, all of them journalists and photographers from Germany who sought adventure abroad and published books
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Not So Quiet on the Western Front: German Reactions to Netflix's 2022 Remake Central European History (IF 0.52) Pub Date : 2023-12-28 Michael Geheran, Mark Gagnon
In October 2022, Netflix's remake of All Quiet on the Western Front (Im Westen nichts Neues) opened to great acclaim in the United States, Great Britain, and other countries, receiving rave reviews from critics and movie-goers alike, eventually winning seven BAFTAs and four Oscars, the most awards ever for a German-language production. In Germany, however, reactions could not have been more different
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Eccentric Circles: Rudolf Goldscheid and the Unrealized Goal of Menschenökonomie during the Era of Socialization Central European History (IF 0.52) Pub Date : 2023-12-18 Janek Wasserman
This article explores the sudden rise in popularity and limited long-term impact of Rudolf Goldscheid's work around the time of the Great War. Goldscheid is remembered as a founder of central European sociology, a creator of fiscal sociology, and a fin-de-siècle feminist and pacifist. His reputation ranks behind many of his peers in the social sciences, however. A reevaluation of Goldscheid's position
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Looking at Monarchy Askance: Royal Brand Names and Trademark Law in the German Empire Central European History (IF 0.52) Pub Date : 2023-12-18 Eva Giloi
This article uses the example of Manoli Cigarettes and its product line, The Kaiser Cigarettes, to examine the concept of co-branding as applied to royal brand names in the German Empire. It reviews the broader networks of circulation that determined the production of royal brand names: commercial laws, business ties, advances in technology, advertising structures, tourism, and other sectors of the
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The Front Lines: A Space of Violence. Characteristics, Mechanisms, and Contexts of Military Violence in the First World War between Containment and Escalation Central European History (IF 0.52) Pub Date : 2023-12-18 Oswald Überegger
This article deals with the war crimes committed during the First World War. Whereas in historiography the presence of franc-tireurs, the new industrial warfare or the specific military and radicalised command culture of individual armies often served as explanatory patterns for the escalation of violence, this contribution attempts to introduce a different perspective into the discussion. The focus
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Transnational Jewish Politics in the Interwar Period: Berlin Rabbi Joachim Prinz and the Yugoslav Zionists Central European History (IF 0.52) Pub Date : 2023-11-08 David Jünger, Marija Vulesica
This article explores the journey of Berlin Rabbi Joachim Prinz (1902–1988) to Yugoslavia at the invitation of Zagreb Zionist leader Lavoslav Schick (1881–1941) in late 1935. It examines the transnational cooperation between German and Yugoslav Zionists in the interwar period and their efforts to cope with the plight of German and southeastern European Jewry alike. Although Jewish representatives of
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Hamburg Free Traders and the Business of Empire, 1897–1941 Central European History (IF 0.52) Pub Date : 2023-11-07 Jack H. Guenther
Recent debates among historians and in public have concerned the links between German colonialism and imperialism before the First World War and the Nazi regime and its crimes. While a maximalist position on German colonial continuities is unsustainable, the possibility of important imperial legacies stretching into the Nazi period and the argument for a German colonial Sonderweg, or “special path
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The Suicidal “Spirit of 1914”: Self-Destruction, National Sacrifice, and the Spontaneous Mobilization in Germany Central European History (IF 0.52) Pub Date : 2023-08-29 Matthew Hershey
This article examines the spectrum of suicidal behaviors in Germany at the outbreak of World War I. It argues that the recorded suicides of August 1914 highlight core vectors that eventually led to Imperial Germany's collapse in 1918: the mass shattering of socioemotional ties and moral certainties, engendered by political and military authorities’ decisions to prosecute the war, as well as those they
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Bodies and Spaces: Citizenship as Claims-Making in Germany, 1942–1949 Central European History (IF 0.52) Pub Date : 2023-08-22 Nadine I. Ross
In 1935, the Nazi Party promulgated the Reich citizenship law, which, to protect the purity of the Volksgemeinschaft, denaturalized numerous people who perceived themselves as German. Despite this perceived threat to the national body, the Third Reich drafted some mixed-race men to serve in the Wehrmacht during World War II. Traditionally, scholars have focused their studies of mixed-race veterans
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Settler Colonialism, Illiberal Memory, and German-Canadian Hate Networks in the Twentieth and Twenty-first Centuries Central European History (IF 0.52) Pub Date : 2023-07-19 Jennifer V. Evans, Swen Steinberg, David Yuzva Clement, Danielle Carron
This article is part of the collaborative research project Populist Publics. Housed at Carleton University (www.carleton.ca/populistpublics), it applies a data-driven analysis of online hate networks to trace how false framings of the historical past, what we call historical misinformation, circulates across platforms, shaping the politics of the center alongside the fringes. We cull large datasets
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Forging National Belonging: Transformation, Visibility, and Dress in the German-Jewish Youth Movement Blau-Weiss, 1912–1927 Central European History (IF 0.52) Pub Date : 2023-06-13 Svenja Bethke
Looking at Blau-Weiss as the first Zionist youth movement in Germany between 1912 and 1927, the article examines the role of dress in expressing new feelings of national belonging as “Jewish” in modern Germany. Drawing on publications of the movement, memoirs, and photographs, the article shows how Blau-Weiss members tried to become visible as Jews while at the same time trying to copy the dress codes
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The Gespenst of Postcolonial Theory Central European History (IF 0.52) Pub Date : 2023-06-01 Anne Berg
“What is going on in Germany?” asked Natalie Zemon Davis after Munich suspended the acclaimed play Vögel (Birds) by Wajdi Mouawad in November 2022. Davis, a renowned historian, had been deeply involved in the play's conception and production only to see it pulled for alleged antisemitism and Holocaust relativization.1 This was not an isolated example.2
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Two German Perspectives on a German Discussion Central European History (IF 0.52) Pub Date : 2023-06-01 Wolf Gruner, Stefanie Schüler-Springorum
This contribution results from a place of serious discomfort regarding recent public and academic discussions in Germany, where Holocaust memory and its political instrumentalization have seemed to produce a growing dogmatism, harming academic freedom. Because we both direct university research centers in Berlin and Los Angeles dedicated to the study of the Holocaust, we have decided to join forces
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Remembering to Change the World—Organizing Transnationally against Atrocity Central European History (IF 0.52) Pub Date : 2023-06-01 Damani J. Partridge
When I first visited Auschwitz, I visited it as an analyst, a cultural anthropologist accompanying a group of mostly Turkish, Turkish-German, Palestinian, and Palestinian-German youth participating in a federally and locally sponsored program meant to teach them about German history and to address their own antisemitism.1 I was there as an observer who could not help but be dislodged from my professional
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Memory or History? Central European History (IF 0.52) Pub Date : 2023-06-01 Mark Roseman
Reviewing the the so-called “Second Historian's Debate”, in which he had played such an important role, in February 2022, Michael Rothberg wrote that the opponents to his multidirectional approach were confusing history and memory. “Naturally, history and memory cannot be entirely separated from each other, but the target of my own work and also of Moses's catechism essay is public memory, not historical
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“Migration Background” versus “Nazi Background”: (German) Debates on Post-Nazism, Post-Migration, and Postcolonialism Central European History (IF 0.52) Pub Date : 2023-06-01 Dirk Rupnow
The politics of history and memory culture have recently been the topic of increased discussion again—and this discussion has by no means been cool-headed, but hot, with a high potential for conflict. An argument is ongoing in the public sphere over which (hi)stories are present and visible and which are not, who is being recognized and who is not, as well as what is being forgotten, repressed, or
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Bordering the GDR: Everyday Transnationalism, Global Entanglements and Regimes of Mobility at the Edges of East Germany Central European History (IF 0.52) Pub Date : 2023-04-24 Ned Richardson-Little, Lauren Stokes
No state has ever been as identified with its borders as the German Democratic Republic (GDR). The guest editors’ introduction to this special issue analyzes the development of the historiography of the borders of the GDR, showing how new approaches to the country's history have also impacted scholarship on the everyday history of the border. We argue for approaches that understand the border simultaneously
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Cold War Narcotics Trafficking, the Global War on Drugs, and East Germany's Illicit Transnational Entanglements Central European History (IF 0.52) Pub Date : 2023-04-24 Ned Richardson-Little
Although it lacked a significant domestic market for internationally trafficked drugs, East Germany emerged as an important corridor for narcotics smugglers in the 1970s due to its position between supply countries in Asia and consumer countries in the West. The unique geography of West Berlin created a large market of consumers surrounded by East German territory, forcing traffickers to pass through
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January 30, 1933, in the Nazi Historical Imaginary Central European History (IF 0.52) Pub Date : 2023-04-24 Christian Goeschel
From 1934 until 1945, the Nazi regime celebrated the anniversary of January 30, 1933, the day of Hitler's appointment as Reich Chancellor. This article, based on unpublished and published documents from central and local Nazi and state institutions, asks how the Nazis choreographed these celebrations at home and abroad and how they fit into broader Nazi conceptualizations of history. Stage-managed
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“Not Even the Highest Wall Can Stop AIDS”: Expertise and Viral Politics at the German-German Border Central European History (IF 0.52) Pub Date : 2023-04-24 Johanna Folland
This article explores East German responses to HIV/AIDS and the emergence of sex as a site of border insecurity in the imagination of the East German state in the mid-1980s. Existing histories often dismiss the East German response to HIV/AIDS as ineffective or negligible on account of its illiberalism and insularity. These narratives, however, ignore the tense debates and wide variety of state and
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Racial Profiling on the U-Bahn: Policing the Berlin Gap in the Schönefeld Airport Refugee Crisis Central European History (IF 0.52) Pub Date : 2023-04-24 Lauren Stokes
The German Democratic Republic (GDR) treated the Berlin Wall as an official state border, but the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG) did not recognize it as an official state border and thus did not impose entry controls. This asymmetric recognition opened up a gap in the regime of border policing and turned divided Berlin into one of the most significant sources of unauthorized migration into the FRG
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Philip Kerr, Berlin Noir, and the (Problematic) Representation of History Central European History (IF 0.52) Pub Date : 2022-12-19 Christine Berberich
The private eye Bernie Günther investigates the gruesome deaths of a prominent Berlin businessman's daughter and son-in-law in a house fire. The backdrop is Nazi Germany in the run up to the Berlin Olympics that took place between August 1 and 16, 1936 and that Hitler actively manipulated to present a somewhat whitewashed image of Nazi Germany to the world.
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Contested Caryatids: Architecture, Modernity, and Race around 1900 Central European History (IF 0.52) Pub Date : 2022-12-12 Daniel Jütte
In the nineteenth century, caryatids saw an unprecedented renaissance in European architecture. This article explores the cultural history of these female column-statues in nineteenth- and early-twentieth-century Europe. The focus is on central Europe, and three cities—Berlin, Frankfurt am Main, and Vienna—play a particularly important role in this exploration. Through a reading of historical, visual
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Democratic Illusions: The Protestant Campaign for Conscientious Objection in the Early Federal Republic of Germany Central European History (IF 0.52) Pub Date : 2022-12-05 Brandon Bloch
During the early-Cold-War controversy over West German rearmament, the Protestant Church emerged as a center of activism for the right of conscientious objection to military service, departing from decades of precedent. This article uses the dramatic about-face of the Protestant Church to throw new light on how West Germans reimagined democratic politics after Nazism. Building on recent challenges
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The Sarajevo Tobacco Factory Strike of 1906: Empire and the Nature of Late Habsburg Rule in Bosnia and Herzegovina Central European History (IF 0.52) Pub Date : 2022-11-22 Rachel Trode
In May 1906, the Habsburg protectorate of Bosnia and Herzegovina experienced an unprecedented level of labor unrest. The discussions between civil servants and workers that arose from these events, in particular those that occurred during the strike at the government-owned Sarajevo Tobacco Factory, provide a key point of departure from which to explore the character of Habsburg rule in Bosnia. This
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Hidden Figures: The Holy Roman Empire as a “Realm of Ladies” Central European History (IF 0.52) Pub Date : 2022-10-28 Katrin Keller
The aim of this article is to make clear that, although men largely dominated the institutions of the Holy Roman Empire, beyond these constitutional institutions we can find many examples of women's agency. In particular, women of noble and princely families assumed political roles, both in relation to territories and to the empire as a whole. While it would not be correct to reinterpret the Holy Roman
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A New Old Reign: How Traditional Privileges and Old Laws Established Austrian Rule in the Southern Netherlands after 1713 Central European History (IF 0.52) Pub Date : 2022-10-28 Simon Karstens
How did early modern sovereigns establish authority over newly acquired territories? This is the question behind this article which examines the beginning of Austrian rule in the Southern Netherlands after the Peace of Utrecht 1713. Transfers of sovereignty like these marked the end of international conflicts and lead to the change or reinforcement of the social and political order within affected
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Metternich and the Suez Canal: Informal Diplomacy in the Interests of Central Europe Central European History (IF 0.52) Pub Date : 2022-10-28 Miroslav Šedivý
Klemens von Metternich played an important role as leader of the Austrian bureaucrats and diplomats in supporting construction of the Suez Canal. He participated in many ways, often informal ones, which before 1848 resulted from his political circumspection and afterward from the fact that he was just a private individual. His so-to-speak informal diplomacy is interesting not only because it discloses
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“Other Germans”: Exceptions and Rules in the Memory of Rescuing Jews in Postwar Germany Central European History (IF 0.52) Pub Date : 2022-10-28 Kobi Kabalek
The rising German interest in rescuers of Jews during the Holocaust has been accompanied by an emphasis on their exceptionality among the wartime German population. Seen as aberrations, rescuers are used to present a simplified generalization of the German majority’s wartime conduct by defining what it was not. This article argues that this view, as well as the common claim that rescue and rescuers
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Eric Weitz: Mensch and Menschenrechte: The Internal Logic of a Life Well-Lived Central European History (IF 0.52) Pub Date : 2022-10-28 Omer Bartov, Miranda Brethour, Samuel Moyn, Hanna Schissler
Had Eric been allowed to live the long life that he deserved, he might have looked back and recognized the retrospective logic of his scholarly work. By then, I am sure, he would have produced more pathbreaking and important books and essays. Indeed, following the publication of his magnum opus, A World Divided, Eric was already at work on a study of Ralph Bunche, featured in A World Divided and one
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Child Assistance and the Making of Modern Refugee Camps in Austria-Hungary during the First World War Central European History (IF 0.52) Pub Date : 2022-09-05 Doina Anca Cretu
This article explores the development of modern refugee camps in Austria-Hungary during the First World War by looking at the organization and implementation of child assistance in the camps. The article argues that a state-driven mobilization of relief and rehabilitation was organized to alleviate the plight of refugee children. It points particularly to children's health care and the organization
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Stanley Kubrick's Magic Mountain: Fiction as History in The Shining Central European History (IF 0.52) Pub Date : 2022-09-05 Geoffrey Cocks
Stanley Kubrick's film The Shining (1980) can be read as a central European imaginary retelling Thomas Mann's The Magic Mountain (1924). The film constructs a dark meditation on the human condition not only through its formal and thematic focus on Mann's novel but also through the lens of works by numerous other central European artists and scholars. Consequently, The Shining presents historical comprehension
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What It Means to Have Nothing: Poverty and the Idea of Human Dignity in Nineteenth-Century Germany Central European History (IF 0.52) Pub Date : 2022-09-05 Beate Althammer
This article explores the historical background of an issue that is central to present-day constitutional and human-rights discourse: the relationship between human dignity and the fight against poverty. It analyzes the role the idea of human dignity played in the reasoning of nineteenth-century German middle-class authors who were professionally engaged in social-reform debates, with a particular
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The Captain of Köpenick and the Uniform Fantasies of German Militarism Central European History (IF 0.52) Pub Date : 2022-06-13 Jeffrey Schneider
Few events in Imperial Germany's forty-plus years of existence have been remembered with as much pride and hilarity as the one that took place on October 16, 1906. It began shortly after noon, when a man dressed in a captain's uniform appeared on the streets in the northern part of Berlin and commandeered two small contingents of soldiers returning to their barracks from guard duty. Claiming to be
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Spain, the Second World War, and the Holocaust: History and Representation Edited by Sara J. Brenneis and Gina Herrmann. Toronto and Buffalo: University of Toronto Press, 2020. Pp. xiii + 711. Cloth $125.00. ISBN 9781487505707. Central European History (IF 0.52) Pub Date : 2022-04-18 Antonio Cazorla-Sánchez
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Negotiating Sovereignty in German History—Historiographical Challenges Central European History (IF 0.52) Pub Date : 2022-04-01 Rüdiger Graf, Heidi Tworek
This article introduces a special issue on the politics of sovereignty in German history. Historical work provides an important corrective to understand the current discursive resurgence of sovereignty. Historians (and other scholars) should treat sovereignty not as a factual description of the world, but rather analyze it as a rhetorical claim to assert power in territorial, political, economic, legal
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Buying Sovereignty: German “Weltpolitik” and Private Enterprise, 1884–1914 Central European History (IF 0.52) Pub Date : 2022-04-01 Steven Press
Wilhelmine Germany's Weltpolitik is widely regarded as a precursor to World War I, as a reckless break from the Bismarckian past, and as a counterproductive form of German deviation from European norms. Yet, when one reexamines certain German overseas expansion schemes between 1897 and the early 1900s, a strong intellectual continuity emerges between the methods of Weltpolitik and wider views about
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Transitional Injustice at Leipzig: Negotiating Sovereignty and International Humanitarian Law in Germany after the First World War Central European History (IF 0.52) Pub Date : 2022-04-01 Rüdiger Graf
The article analyzes Allied attempts to try German war criminals after the First World War and the ensuing Leipzig trials. Historians of international law commonly describe these as the first (failed) attempt to break principles of national sovereignty by implementing principles of international humanitarian law, which were later realized at Nuremberg and The Hague. The article brackets the question
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Sovereignty Trade-Offs between Politics and the Economy: The Deconcentration of IG Farben after 1945 Central European History (IF 0.52) Pub Date : 2022-04-01 Philipp Müller
The postwar deconcentration of IG Farben AG shows that the Allied military governments and their German counterparts were anything but united on the extent and form of sovereignty the Federal Republic of Germany should receive. The American plan to divide the corporate enterprise into a large number of individual companies aimed to establish a democratic state independent from the influence of domestic
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Dividing the Indivisible: Cold War Sovereignty, National Division, and the German Question at the United Nations Central European History (IF 0.52) Pub Date : 2022-04-01 Sebastian Gehrig
Divided Germany became one of the focal points for international disputes over sovereignty in the late 1960s and early seventies. In a period that is commonly associated with West German Ostpolitik and the diplomatic recognition of German division, the international community disputed how the sovereignty of “divided nations” should be framed under international law. The German-German battle over the
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“Pathological Gamblers” and “Sovereign Consumers”: National Gambling Regulation and the Challenges of European Integration and Digitization in Germany, 2004–2018 Central European History (IF 0.52) Pub Date : 2022-04-01 Laura Kaiser
This study examines the interrelationship between national sovereignty and individual consumer sovereignty in the age of a global liberal economy and digital markets by analyzing Germany's gambling regulations. As gambling policies were codified and liberalized from 2004 to 2018, gambling addiction quickly became the key issue in legal and political quarrels over regulation. The article will shed light
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The Long Shadow of Jean Bodin Central European History (IF 0.52) Pub Date : 2022-04-01 Helmut Walser Smith
Neither the historiographical focus on sovereignty nor the concept of sovereignty is new. What is new is the stress on it as a negotiated concept, as a field for claims, and as a gray zone between the public and the private, the state and the individual. This new approach locates sovereignty not only with the sovereign, but also with the people over whom the sovereign rules; more precisely, it locates
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Hitler's First Hundred Days: When Germans Embraced the Third Reich By Peter Fritzsche. New York: Basic Books, 2020. Pp. 421. Cloth $32. ISBN: 978-1541687430. Central European History (IF 0.52) Pub Date : 2022-03-01 Larry Eugene Jones
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Wie schwer ein Menschenleben wiegt. Sophie Scholl – Eine Biografie By Maren Gottschalk. 2nd ed. Munich: C.H. Beck, 2020. Pp. ix + 347. €24 (HB). ISBN 978-3-406-75562-0. Central European History (IF 0.52) Pub Date : 2022-03-01 Corinne Painter
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Missionary Men in the Early Modern World: German Jesuits and Pacific Journeys By Ulrike Strasser. Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, 2020. Pp. 274. Cloth €99. ISBN 978-9462986305. Central European History (IF 0.52) Pub Date : 2022-03-01 Michael C. Carhart
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Demokratie. Eine deutsche Affäre – Vom 18. Jahrhundert bis zur Gegenwart By Hedwig Richter. Munich: C.H. Beck, 2020. Pp. 400. Cloth €26,95. ISBN: 978-3-406-75479-1. Central European History (IF 0.52) Pub Date : 2022-03-01 Philipp Austermann
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