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The Psychometric Properties of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) European Journal of Psychology Open (IF 1.037) Pub Date : 2020-12-01 Giovanni Sala,Hiroki Inagaki,Yoshiko Ishioka,Yukie Masui,Takeshi Nakagawa,Tatsuro Ishizaki,Yasumichi Arai,Kazunori Ikebe,Kei Kamide,Yasuyuki Gondo
Abstract. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) is a test assessing global cognition in older adults which is often used by researchers and clinicians worldwide, although some of its psychometric properties have yet to be established. We focus on three fundamental aspects: the factorial structure of the MoCA, its general factor saturation, and the measurement invariance of the test. We administered
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Modeling Value-Based Decision-Making Policies Using Genetic Programming European Journal of Psychology Open (IF 1.037) Pub Date : 2020-12-01 Angelo Pirrone,Fernand Gobet
Abstract. An important way to develop models in psychology and cognitive science is to express them as computer programs. However, computational modeling is not an easy task. To address this issue, some have proposed using artificial-intelligence (AI) techniques, such as genetic programming (GP) to semiautomatically generate models. In this paper, we establish whether models used to generate data can
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Cross-Cultural and Environmental Influences on Facial Emotional Discrimination Sensitivity in 9-Year-Old Children from Swiss and Vietnamese Schools European Journal of Psychology Open (IF 1.037) Pub Date : 2020-12-01 Jennifer Malsert,Khanh Tran,Tu Anh Thi Tran,Tho Ha-Vinh,Edouard Gentaz,Russia Ha-Vinh Leuchter
Abstract. The Other Race Effect (ORE), i.e., recognition facilitation for own-race faces, is a well-established phenomenon with broad evidence in adults and infants. Nevertheless, the ORE in older children is poorly understood, and even less so for emotional face processing. This research samples 87 9-year-old children from Vietnamese and Swiss schools. In two separate studies, we evaluated the children’s
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Cognitive Reserve Mitigates Decline in Executive Functioning Following Hepatobiliary Diseases European Journal of Psychology Open (IF 1.037) Pub Date : 2020-12-01 Andreas Ihle,Élvio R. Gouveia,Bruna R. Gouveia,Maximilian Haas,Sascha Zuber,Dan Orsholits,Boris Cheval,Stefan Sieber,Stéphane Cullati,Matthias Kliegel
Abstract. The cognitive reserve hypothesis postulates that lifelong cognitive stimulation establishes a buffer that is instrumental in maintaining cognitive health. To examine this conceptual proposition in detail, we applied a novel, more general conceptual view that included recent models of vulnerability and examined whether the longitudinal association between hepatobiliary diseases and later decline
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Coordination and Communication in Healthcare Action Teams European Journal of Psychology Open (IF 1.037) Pub Date : 2020-12-01 Michael J. Burtscher,Fridtjof W. Nussbeck,Nick Sevdalis,Stefan Gisin,Tanja Manser
Abstract. Communication and coordination represent central processes in healthcare action teams. However, we have a limited understanding of how expertise affects these processes and to what extent these effects are shaped by interprofessional differences. The current study addresses these questions by jointly investigating the influence of different aspects of expertise – individual expertise, team
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The End of an Era European Journal of Psychology Open (IF 1.037) Pub Date : 2020-12-01 Matthias Kliegel,Nicolas Rothen
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Goals Do Not Buy Well-Being, but They Help European Journal of Psychology Open (IF 1.037) Pub Date : 2020-12-01 Emilie Joly-Burra,Elisa Gallerne,Martial Van der Linden,Paolo Ghisletta
Abstract. Although personal goals give meaning to life and contribute to well-being, achieving goals can become difficult in older adults faced with age-related challenges. A group of 49 older adults aged 65 to 92 years completed a semistructured interview on personal goals, obstacles to goal achievement, and contributors to well-being. Using thematic analysis, we identified several types of goals
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How Musicality, Cognition and Sensorimotor Skills Relate in Musically Untrained Children European Journal of Psychology Open (IF 1.037) Pub Date : 2020-12-01 Clara E. James,Sascha Zuber,Elise Dupuis-Lozeron,Laura Abdili,Diane Gervaise,Matthias Kliegel
Abstract. Whereas a growing corpus of research has investigated the impact of music practice on several domains of cognition, studies on the relationships between musicality and other abilities and skills in musically untrained children are scarce. The present study examined the associations between musicality, cognition, and sensorimotor skills in 69 musically untrained primary school children of
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When Should I Stop? Dysphoria Leads to Impaired Task Persistence via Negative Mood European Journal of Psychology Open (IF 1.037) Pub Date : 2020-04-01 Kerstin Brinkmann, Guido H. E. Gendolla
Abstract. Based on reported motivational deficits in depression – and on persistence deficits in particular – the present study examined whether dysphoric individuals benefit from task contexts tha...
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Math Homework Purpose Scale European Journal of Psychology Open (IF 1.037) Pub Date : 2020-04-01 Meilu Sun, Jianxia Du, Jianzhong Xu
Abstract. The present study evaluated the psychometric properties of the Math Homework Purpose Scale (MHPS). After randomly splitting the sample (N = 854) into two subsamples (n = 427 and n = 427),...
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Frustration and Violence in Mobile Video Games European Journal of Psychology Open (IF 1.037) Pub Date : 2020-04-01 Petr Květon, Martin Jelínek
Abstract. This study tests two competing hypotheses, one based on the general aggression model (GAM), the other on the self-determination theory (SDT). GAM suggests that the crucial factor in video...
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The Other End of the Line European Journal of Psychology Open (IF 1.037) Pub Date : 2020-01-01 Giulia Pugnaghi, Robert Schnuerch, Henning Gibbons, Daniel Memmert, Carina Kreitz
Abstract. The two hemispheres of the human brain are asymmetrically involved in representing a person’s motivational orientation: Approach motivation is reflected in greater activation of the left ...
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When Too Few Is Bad for the Environment European Journal of Psychology Open (IF 1.037) Pub Date : 2020-01-01 Swen Jonas Kühne, Ester Reijnen, Aureliano Crameri
Abstract. Defaults are an effective tool in shaping consumers’ decisions. However, only a few studies have investigated the role of defaults regarding consumers’ choices of electricity products. Mo...
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Psychometrical Properties of a French Version of the General Self-Efficacy Short Scale (ASKU) European Journal of Psychology Open (IF 1.037) Pub Date : 2020-01-01 Jean Philippe Décieux, Philipp Emanuel Sischka, Anette Schumacher, Helmut Willems
Abstract. General self-efficacy is a central personality trait often evaluated in surveys as context variable. It can be interpreted as a personal coping resource reflecting individual belief in on...
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Using Red Font Influences the Emotional Perception of Critical Performance Feedback European Journal of Psychology Open (IF 1.037) Pub Date : 2020-01-01 Alex Bertrams, Lea Althaus, Tina Boss, Patricia Furrer, Ladina C. Jegher, Paulina Soszynska, Vinzenz Tschumi
Abstract. The color red has been shown to affect psychological functioning. In performance settings, it is associated with negative emotions, avoidance motivation, and cognitive restriction. Becaus...
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I Need Somebody to Lean on European Journal of Psychology Open (IF 1.037) Pub Date : 2019-08-01 Mikaël De Clercq, Christelle Devos, Assaad Azzi, Mariane Frenay, Olivier Klein, Benoît Galand
Abstract. In the literature, social support is depicted as an important determinant of whether someone completes their doctoral process. However, few studies actually test the impact of social supp...
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Testing the Retrieval Effort Theory European Journal of Psychology Open (IF 1.037) Pub Date : 2019-08-01 Bo Wang, Chaoyong Zhao
Abstract. Testing effect refers to the phenomenon that, relative to relearning, retrieval practice enhances delayed memory performance. In two experiments, this study tested the retrieval effort th...
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Effects of the Type of Childcare on Toddlers’ Motor, Social, Cognitive, and Language Skills European Journal of Psychology Open (IF 1.037) Pub Date : 2019-08-01 Marco Bleiker, Anja Gampe, Moritz M. Daum
Abstract. This study investigated the relationship between type of childcare and toddlers’ skills in four important developmental domains: motor, cognitive, social, and language. A total of 637 chi...
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From Creative Potential to Creative Achievements European Journal of Psychology Open (IF 1.037) Pub Date : 2019-08-01 Natia Sordia, Khatuna Martskvishvili, Aljoscha Neubauer
Abstract. Creative potential realized in creative achievement changes the world and defines progress. Accordingly, the investigation of factors that contribute to the process of achieving creative ...
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When Passion Appears, Exercise Addiction Disappears European Journal of Psychology Open (IF 1.037) Pub Date : 2019-08-01 Attila Szabo, Rita Kovacsik
Abstract. There are approximately 1,000 published articles on exercise addiction, which is characterized by exaggerated training yielding adverse effects. In contrast, there are less than 20 identi...
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Assessing the Psychometric Properties of the Internet Abusive Use Questionnaire in Italian University Students European Journal of Psychology Open (IF 1.037) Pub Date : 2019-08-01 Rocco Servidio, Fernando Calvo Francés, Andrea Bertucci
Abstract. The risks emanating from the abusive use of the Internet are on the rise, especially among young adults causing psychological problems in their social and personal lifestyles. To date, th...
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Target-Specific Learning Contributes to Practice Effects in Paper-and-Pencil Tests of Attention European Journal of Psychology Open (IF 1.037) Pub Date : 2019-04-01 Peter Wühr
Previous studies revealed that performance in paper-and-pencil tests of attention, such as the d2-R test, improves with practice, though the sources of these practice effects are yet unknown. Practice effects in psychometric tests are a serious problem because they impede the evaluation of test performance and constrain the utility of these tests. This study addresses the role of target-specific learning
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Equivalence of the German and the French Versions of the Self-Report Symptom Inventory European Journal of Psychology Open (IF 1.037) Pub Date : 2019-04-01 Peter Giger, Thomas Merten
Against the background of the growing importance of symptom validity assessment both in forensic and clinical or rehabilitation contexts, a new instrument for identifying overreporting was developed. In order to study the equivalence of the German and the French versions, we divided the item pool of the Self-Report Symptom Inventory (SRSI) into two presumably equivalent half-forms. A sample of 40 adult
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An Internet-Based Intervention for the Relatives of People with Mental Illnesses European Journal of Psychology Open (IF 1.037) Pub Date : 2019-04-01 Virginie Salamin, Philippe Ray, Isabelle Gothuey, Sabine Corzani, Chantal Martin-Soelch
Relatives of individuals with mental illness are exposed to an elevated level of burden. Consequently, it is important to provide them with coping strategies. We explored the benefits of an online skills-training intervention. This open, uncontrolled interventional pilot study included 104 relatives of individuals with a mental illness. They participated either in a face-to-face group (n = 60) or online
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“Next Wednesday’s Meeting has been Moved Forward Two Days” European Journal of Psychology Open (IF 1.037) Pub Date : 2019-04-01 Kurt Stocker, Matthias Hartmann
If time is conceived of as a river, we either have the perspective of seeing ourselves as moving downstream toward the future (e.g., “We are approaching the future,” called ego moving), or we have the perspective of the future as moving upstream toward us (e.g., “The future is approaching,” called time moving). Most ego- and time-moving studies have been conducted by using an English ego/time-moving
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Providing Freshmen with a Good “Starting-Block” European Journal of Psychology Open (IF 1.037) Pub Date : 2019-04-01 Mikaël De Clercq, Charlotte Michel, Sophie Remy, Benoît Galand
Grounded in social-psychological literature, this experimental study assessed the effects of two so-called “wise” interventions implemented in a student study program. The interventions took place during the very first week at university, a presumed pivotal phase of transition. A group of 375 freshmen in psychology were randomly assigned to three conditions: control, social belonging, and self-affirmation
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French Attitudes Toward Affirmative Action Programs and Their Beneficiaries European Journal of Psychology Open (IF 1.037) Pub Date : 2019-04-01 Anne Taillandier-Schmitt, Christelle Maisonneuve
Attitudes toward affirmative action programs (AAPs) depend on the criteria on which these programs are based and on the ideological views in the relationships between groups. The present study examined the impact of the selection procedure (with or without AA) on the perception of justice and on attitudes toward the beneficiaries of these procedures in France, where the system makes it possible to
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Does the Use of Gender-Fair Language Influence the Comprehensibility of Texts? European Journal of Psychology Open (IF 1.037) Pub Date : 2019-04-01 Marcus C. G. Friedrich, Elke Heise
In many languages masculine nouns and pronouns can be interpreted to refer to both male and female referents. However, even when the authors expressly point out that masculine forms are being used to refer to both women and men, readers and listeners predominantly form mental images of men. A gender-fair language that uses either masculine and feminine forms or gender-neutral forms to refer to women
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Psychometric Properties of the German Version of the Workplace Incivility Scale and the Instigated Workplace Incivility Scale European Journal of Psychology Open (IF 1.037) Pub Date : 2018-10-01 Paul Jiménez, Anita Bregenzer, Michael Leiter, Vicki Magley
The quality of workplace social environments has been widely recognized as having an important role in employees’ experience of their workplace, which is confirmed by recent research. The greater frequency of incivility, in contrast to the more intense forms of negative workplace interactions, expands opportunities for understanding the social dynamics of workplaces. Important aspects of this research
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Individual Differences in Risk Perception of Artificial Intelligence European Journal of Psychology Open (IF 1.037) Pub Date : 2018-10-01 Benno G. Wissing, Marc-André Reinhard
This cross-sectional study (N = 325) investigated the relationship between the Dark Triad personality traits and the perception of artificial intelligence (AI) risk. Narrow AI risk perception was measured based on recently identified perceived risks in the public. Artificial general intelligence (AGI) risk perception was operationalized in terms of plausibility ratings and subjective probability estimates
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Item-Response Theory Psychometric Analysis and Factor Structure of the Self-Compassion and Self-Criticism Scales European Journal of Psychology Open (IF 1.037) Pub Date : 2018-10-01 Júlia Halamová, Martin Kanovský, Monika Pacúchová
The study verifies the psychometric properties of the Slovak version of the Self-Compassion and Self-Criticism Scales (SCCS) using item response theory, factor analysis, and scale validity. The survey sample was collected by convenience sampling and consisted of 514 participants (27% men and 73% women) with a mean age of 26.16 years (SD = 8.32). A two-dimensional structure of the scale was not confirmed
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Adult Self-Esteem and Family Relationships European Journal of Psychology Open (IF 1.037) Pub Date : 2018-06-01 Nahema El Ghaziri, Joëlle Darwiche
We conducted a literature review to examine the effects of self-esteem in the family context, selecting 40 studies exploring the associations between self-esteem, coparental relationship, parent-child relationship, and global family functioning. The research focused primarily on self-esteem and the parent-child relationship. The evidence indicates that parents with high self-esteem experience enhanced
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The English Version of the Attitudes Toward Homosexuality Scale European Journal of Psychology Open (IF 1.037) Pub Date : 2018-06-01 Joel R. Anderson, Yasin Koc, Juan Manuel Falomir-Pichastor
The present study reports the psychometric properties of the English version of the short form of the Attitudes Toward Homosexuality Scale (ATHS; Falomir-Pichastor & Mugny, 2009). Workers from Amazon’s MTurkTM (n = 235 for validation, n = 60 for test-retest) completed the short form of the ATHS, translated from French, and the Attitudes Toward Lesbians and Gay Men Scale (ATLG; Herek, 1998) and responded
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Motives for Social Isolation Following a Negative Emotional Episode European Journal of Psychology Open (IF 1.037) Pub Date : 2018-06-01 Gérald Delelis, Véronique Christophe
After experiencing an emotional event, people either seek out others’ presence (social affiliation) or avoid others’ presence (social isolation). The determinants and effects of social affiliation are now well-known, but social psychologists have not yet thoroughly studied social isolation. This study aims to ascertain which motives and corresponding regulation strategies participants report for social
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How Sexual Objectification Generates Dehumanization in Western and Eastern Cultures European Journal of Psychology Open (IF 1.037) Pub Date : 2018-03-01 Robin Wollast, Elisa Puvia, Philippe Bernard, Passagorn Tevichapong, Olivier Klein
Ever since Fredrickson and Roberts (1997) proposed objectification theory, research on self-objectification and – by extension – other-objectification has experienced a considerable expansion. However, most of the studies on sexual objectification have been conducted solely in Western populations. This study investigates whether the effect of target sexualization on social perception differs as a function
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Transfer or Compensation? European Journal of Psychology Open (IF 1.037) Pub Date : 2018-03-01 Jennifer Inauen, Theda Radtke, Laura Rennie, Urte Scholz, Sheina Orbell
This study tested the effects of exercise on eating behavior. The transfer hypothesis proposes that exercise leads to a generalization of healthy behavior and therefore an improved diet. The compensation hypothesis assumes that exercise leads to increased caloric intake in order to “compensate” for the energy expenditure. We tested these hypotheses for actual as well as imagined exercise. Female university
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A Psychological Description of the Swiss Labor Market from 1991 to 2014 European Journal of Psychology Open (IF 1.037) Pub Date : 2018-03-01 Anja Ghetta, Andreas Hirschi, Anne Herrmann, Jérôme Rossier
This study conducted a representative analysis of the Swiss labor market from 1991 to 2014 by applying Holland’s (1997) classification of occupations according to six vocational interest types: realistic, investigative, artistic, social, enterprising, and conventional (RIASEC). Using data from the Swiss Labor Force Survey, we found that, over this period, realistic occupations consistently represented
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Validation of a Short Scale in Italian to Measure Teacher Burnout European Journal of Psychology Open (IF 1.037) Pub Date : 2018-03-01 Jenny Marcionetti, Luciana Castelli, Alberto Crescentini, Lorenzo Avanzi, Franco Fraccaroli, Cristian Balducci
This study creates and validates a short, Italian-language scale to measure teacher burnout. To this end, we used two scales from the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory which had already been translated into Italian in a previous study. We administered this measure to two samples of teachers (n1 = 2688 and n2 = 676) in the canton of Ticino, Switzerland. The final scale consisted of 10 items that measure
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Validation of an Adapted French Form of the Structured Interview for the Five-Factor Model (SIFFM) in a Swiss Sample European Journal of Psychology Open (IF 1.037) Pub Date : 2018-01-01 Cornelia Pocnet, Jean-Philippe Antonietti, Armin von Gunten, Jérôme Rossier
We analyzed the psychometric properties of the Structured Interview for the Five-Factor Model (SIFFM) in a French-speaking Swiss sample and compared the French version to the original English version. A community-based sample of 260 participants (183 women and 77 men, aged 20 to 88 years, Mage = 46.23, SDage = 16.37) were assessed using the SIFFM and the NEO-FFI-R. Forty of the participants agreed
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Psychometric Properties of a French Version of the Narcissistic Personality Inventory in Young Adults European Journal of Psychology Open (IF 1.037) Pub Date : 2018-01-01 Catherine Potard, Baptiste Lignier, Audrey Henry
The Narcissistic Personality Inventory (NPI) is widely used in social and personality psychology. The present study validates a French version of the NPI (NPI-Fr) for use with young adults. Respondents (N = 1275, Mage = 21.83, SD = 4.97) completed the NPI and two other convergent measures (Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale and French version of the Big Five Inventory) for three validation steps. Exploratory
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Diana Was Not Involved in the 9/11 Terrorist Attacks! European Journal of Psychology Open (IF 1.037) Pub Date : 2018-01-01 Pascal Wagner-Egger, Pascal Gygax
In this research, we investigated the social influence of newspaper headlines on beliefs on various social, political, and economic issues, including belief in conspiracy theories. Building on the seminal study by Gruenfeld and Wyer (1992), we examined how denials and affirmations printed in a credible source (e.g., a newspaper considered to be serious) versus a less credible source (e.g., a free newspaper)
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Self-Depersonalization and Ingroup Favoritism in Minimal Group Hierarchies European Journal of Psychology Open (IF 1.037) Pub Date : 2018-01-01 Vincenzo Iacoviello, Fabio Lorenzi-Cioldi
Research suggests that members of low-status groups are more likely than members of high-status groups to show self-depersonalization and to favor ingroup members over outgroup members. The present research tests two alternative explanations of this status asymmetry: One explanation is based on the motive for achieving a positive social identity, and the other explanation is based on the willingness
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Social Motives Predict Loneliness During a Developmental Transition European Journal of Psychology Open (IF 1.037) Pub Date : 2017-09-01 Jana Nikitin, Alexandra M. Freund
Establishing new social relationships is important for mastering developmental transitions in young adulthood. In a 2-year longitudinal study with four measurement occasions (T1: n = 245, T2: n = 96, T3: n = 103, T4: n = 85), we investigated the role of social motives in college students’ mastery of the transition of moving out of the parental home, using loneliness as an indicator of poor adjustment
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Bystander Helping Behavior in Response to Workplace Bullying European Journal of Psychology Open (IF 1.037) Pub Date : 2017-09-01 Catherine Hellemans, Davide Dal Cason, Annalisa Casini
This research examines the role of colleagues’ helping behavior in workplace bullying. Although colleagues are often able to intervene to support the victim or stop the bullying, passive behavior and nonintervention are more frequent. The bystander effect described by Latané and Darley (1970) has been studied in the context of school bullying and sexual harassment, but only rarely has it been studied
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Further Support for the Motivational Explanation of Self-Other Similarity Judgment Asymmetry European Journal of Psychology Open (IF 1.037) Pub Date : 2017-09-01 Junhua Dang, Lihua Mao
Self-other similarity judgment asymmetry refers to the tendency of people to judge others to be more similar to themselves than they judge themselves to be similar to others. This effect can be explained with both a cognitive model (Tversky, 1977) and a motivational explanation (Codol, 1987). Recent research has provided initial evidence for the core assumption of the motivational explanation and tested
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Exploratory Factor Analysis of the French Version of the Big Five Questionnaire for Children (BFQ-C) European Journal of Psychology Open (IF 1.037) Pub Date : 2017-07-01 Martine Bouvard, Jean-Luc Roulin
This article examines the internal validity of the French version of the Big Five Questionnaire for Children (BFQ-C). We first performed confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) to determine the fit of the factor structure identified in previous research on the BFQ-C and then used exploratory factor analyses. A sample of 399 children (192 boys and 207 girls) recruited from elementary schools completed the
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The Impact of Qualitative Job Insecurity on Identification with the Organization European Journal of Psychology Open (IF 1.037) Pub Date : 2017-07-01 Antonio Chirumbolo, Flavio Urbini, Antonino Callea, Alessandra Talamo
The detrimental effects of job insecurity are well recognized in the scientific literature. In this paper, we investigate the impact of qualitative job insecurity on an outcome that has been somewhat neglected to date: organizational identification. In addition, we test the moderating role of organizational justice in the relationship between qualitative job insecurity and organizational identification
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Quota Women Are Threatening to Men European Journal of Psychology Open (IF 1.037) Pub Date : 2017-07-01 Klea Faniko, Till Burckhardt, Oriane Sarrasin, Fabio Lorenzi-Cioldi, Siri Øyslebø Sørensen, Vincenzo Iacoviello, Eric Mayor
Two studies carried out among Albanian public-sector employees examined the impact of different types of affirmative action policies (AAPs) on (counter)stereotypical perceptions of women in decision-making positions. Study 1 (N = 178) revealed that participants – especially women – perceived women in decision-making positions as more masculine (i.e., agentic) than feminine (i.e., communal). Study 2
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Development of a German-Language Questionnaire to Measure Collective Orientation as an Individual Attitude European Journal of Psychology Open (IF 1.037) Pub Date : 2017-07-01 Vera Hagemann
The individual attitudes of every single team member are important for team performance. Studies show that each team member’s collective orientation – that is, propensity to work in a collective manner in team settings – enhances the team’s interdependent teamwork. In the German-speaking countries, there was previously no instrument to measure collective orientation. So, I developed and validated a
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Animal-Assisted Intervention in Dementia European Journal of Psychology Open (IF 1.037) Pub Date : 2017-03-01 Isabelle Tournier, Marie-Frédérique Vives, Virginie Postal
The present work assesses the efficacy of an animal-assisted therapy (AAT) program in the reduction of neuropsychiatric symptoms in older adults with medium to severe dementia. Performed in an Alzheimer’s disease/dementia care unit, the intervention included 11 elderly residents aged 71 to 93 years (mean age = 82.91 years; mean Mini-Mental State Examination score = 7.8/30). Behaviors during the AAT
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Control Beliefs and Dehumanization European Journal of Psychology Open (IF 1.037) Pub Date : 2017-03-01 Benoit Testé
The present research examined the impact of the expression of internal versus external control beliefs on attributions of humanness. Building on previous findings on the cultural norm of internality and the dehumanization of others in social perceptions, we hypothesized that, in a Western society, an individual’s expression of an internal locus of control (i.e., internality) results in a greater degree
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Health is in the Eye of the Beholder European Journal of Psychology Open (IF 1.037) Pub Date : 2017-03-01 Raquel Bertoldo, Séverin Guignard, Lionel Dany, Thémis Apostolidis
The field of health practices is one in which broader cultural ideologies are expressed as well as one subjected to social regulations legitimized through widely valued and shared standards taken from mundane perceptions. In this research, we investigated how cultural ideologies, here operationalized as social norms, influence people’s perceptions of the state of health and health behavior of others
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Effect of Emotions in a Lexical Decision Task European Journal of Psychology Open (IF 1.037) Pub Date : 2017-03-01 Hélène Maire, Renaud Brochard, Jean-Luc Kop, Vivien Dioux, Daniel Zagar
This study measured the effect of emotional states on lexical decision task performance and investigated which underlying components (physiological, attentional orienting, executive, lexical, and/or strategic) are affected. We did this by assessing participants’ performance on a lexical decision task, which they completed before and after an emotional state induction task. The sequence effect, usually
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Relationships Between Social Networks and Mental Health European Journal of Psychology Open (IF 1.037) Pub Date : 2017-01-01 Stéphanie Baggio, Victorin Luisier, Cristina Vladescu
Social networks have an important effect on health, and social network analysis has become essential for understanding human behavior and vulnerability. Using exponential random graph models (ERGM), this study explores the associations between mental health and network structure (or more specifically, mental health homophily) and the association between poor mental health and social isolation. Two
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The Impact of Cosmetic Surgery Advertising on Swiss Women’s Body Image and Attitudes Toward Cosmetic Surgery European Journal of Psychology Open (IF 1.037) Pub Date : 2017-01-01 Eleni-Marina Ashikali, Helga Dittmar, Susan Ayers
International concern has been expressed about advertising for cosmetic surgery (British Association of Aesthetic Plastic Surgeons [BAAPS], 2005, 2008). A recent study showed that exposure to such advertising resulted in a more negative body image and attitudes toward surgery among women living in the UK (Ashikali, Dittmar, & Ayers, 2015). This study investigates the impact of cosmetic surgery advertising
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Psychometric Qualities of the Creative Process Engagement Scale in a Malaysian Undergraduate Sample European Journal of Psychology Open (IF 1.037) Pub Date : 2017-01-01 Chee-Seng Tan, Timothy Teo
The present study examines the psychometric properties of the Creative Process Engagement Scale (CPES) among Malaysian undergraduates. A total of 377 undergraduates whose ages ranged from 18 to 43 years participated in the study and were presented with the CPES and self-perceived creativity. Confirmatory factor analyses supported the hierarchical four-factor structure of the CPES, which consisted of
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Effect of Cognitive Style on Prospective-Retrospective Memory Slips European Journal of Psychology Open (IF 1.037) Pub Date : 2017-01-01 Philip C. Mefoh, Valentine C. Ezeh
We examined the effect of cognitive style on prospective and retrospective memory slips using the Group Embedded Figures Test (GEFT) and the Prospective and Retrospective Memory Questionnaire (PRMQ). A group of 233 undergraduate students (55% women) of the University of Nigeria, Nsukka, whose mean age was 19.66 years (SD = 3.02), participated in this study. Using bivariate linear regression to analyze
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Memory Self-Efficacy and Memory Performance in Older Adults European Journal of Psychology Open (IF 1.037) Pub Date : 2017-01-01 Marine Beaudoin, Olivier Desrichard
The present research examined the role persistence plays in mediating the positive impact of memory self-efficacy (MSE, i.e., one’s confidence in one’s own memory abilities) on older adults’ memory performance. In three studies, 81 to 264 older adults completed an MSE scale and carried out an explicit episodic memory task, during which we recorded their study time as an indicator of task persistence
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Positivity and Negativity in Interparental Conflict European Journal of Psychology Open (IF 1.037) Pub Date : 2016-10-01 Martina Zemp, Guy Bodenmann, Sabine Backes, Dorothee Sutter-Stickel, Thomas N. Bradbury
Abstract. Although children are known to be highly sensitive to interparental conflict, important questions remain regarding which specific combinations of positive and negative behaviors as well as verbal and nonverbal expressions are most predictive of children’s perceptions. In this pilot study, we examined observational data on interparental conflict as predictors of children’s reports of perceived
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The Effect of Facial Attractiveness on Facial Expression Identification European Journal of Psychology Open (IF 1.037) Pub Date : 2016-10-01 Alisdair J. G. Taylor, Louise Bryant
Abstract. Emotion perception studies typically explore how judgments of facial expressions are influenced by invariant characteristics such as sex or by variant characteristics such as gaze. However, few studies have considered the importance of factors that are not easily categorized as invariant or variant. We investigated one such factor, attractiveness, and the role it plays in judgments of emotional