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Institutional memory and legal conflict in the Old Borough of Durham, 1300–1450 Continuity and Change (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-15 A. T. Brown, Bridget Cox
Historians have long used the archives of major institutions to shed light on medieval society, but in more recent decades the focus has turned towards the proliferation of legal documentation possessed by those lower down the social order and the increasing penetration of legal processes into their everyday lives. Yet, in recapturing this world, there is a danger that we take for granted the immense
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Adam Smith revisited: the relationship between the English woollen manufacture and the availability of coal before the use of steam power Continuity and Change (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2023-08-24 Keith Sugden, Sebastian Keibek, James Wells, Leigh Shaw-Taylor
The timing of textile de-industrialisation in eastern, southern, and western England and the concomitant shift of the woollen manufacture to the West Riding of Yorkshire is examined in temporal detail. The study shows that the manufacture was moving to settlements with cheap coal, low cost of living and running water as early as the sixteenth century. These settlements became key woollen manufacture
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Tying the knot in language-divided Belgium. A research into marriage partner selection in Flemish municipalities along the language border with Wallonia, 1798–1938 Continuity and Change (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2023-08-11 Wieke Elien Metzlar, Koen Matthijs, Paul Puschmann
In nineteenth-century Europe, local and regional marriage markets turned into national marriage markets as a result of modernisation. However, the question is whether this applied also to Belgium, a nation that became increasingly divided over a language dispute between French-speaking Walloons and Dutch-speaking Flemings. To answer this question, this study examines trends and determinants of mixed
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Poor Relief as ‘Improvement’: Moral and Spatial Economies of Care in Scotland, c.1720s–1790s Continuity and Change (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2023-08-03 Eliska Bujokova, Juliette Desportes
This article takes as a point of departure the paucity of scholarship on Scottish poor relief, which has been predominantly depicted as an inferior and underdeveloped version of its southern counterpart. We adopt a case study approach looking at two examples of Lowland and Highland urban infrastructures of poor relief to illustrate the application of the ideology of ‘improvement’ philosophy onto the
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The regulation of the rural market in waged labour in fourteenth-century England Continuity and Change (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2023-07-25 Mark Bailey
This article reconstructs the size and organisation of the rural market in hired labour in fourteenth-century England, providing a comparative reference point for arrangements elsewhere in medieval Europe. Quantitative assessment of 1,445 manorial court sessions from six manors casts new light on the English labour market, which was larger and less regulated than previously assumed and the government's
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Bureaucratic secrecy and the regulation of knowledge in Europe over the longue durée: Obfuscation, omission, performance, and policing Continuity and Change (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2023-04-28 Esther Liberman Cuenca, Asif A. Siddiqi
In his now-classic mediation on the sociology of secrecy, Georg Simmel cautioned that while ‘human interaction is conditioned by the capacity to speak, it is [also] shaped by the capacity to be silent’.1 As historians, we are trained to see what is present, what is material, and what has effect. Investigating absence, on the other hand, as rewarding as it can be when we are able to reconstruct the
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Oath-taking and the politics of secrecy in medieval and early modern British towns Continuity and Change (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2023-04-28 Esther Liberman Cuenca
In premodern Britain civic officials took oaths in solemn ceremonies in full view of their colleagues and fellow citizens. This article examines oaths ranging from the fourteenth to the seventeenth centuries from 31 towns in England, Scotland, and Ireland to demonstrate how officials were ritually enjoined to keep secrets. Oaths were public acknowledgments that secrets were going to be kept. The act
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Performative openness and governmental secrecy in fourteenth century Valencia Continuity and Change (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2023-04-28 Adam Franklin-Lyons
In the fourteenth century, the urban council of Valencia tried to balance maintaining the secrecy of their government with a perceived need to publicise their actions. The council knew from experience that information vacuums could be dangerous. Feuds between noble groups made the urban council wary of the secret actions of council members. Food shortages and the anti-Jewish riots in 1391 also pressured
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Keeping you in the dark: the Bastille archives and police secrecy in eighteenth-century France Continuity and Change (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2023-04-28 Nicole Bauer
During the French Revolution, the Bastille prison had become synonymous with abuses of power and government secrecy. The Paris police had long exercised secrecy in its operations, but in the eighteenth century, they became a target of the revolutionaries as the most visible arm of a government that was seen as opaque but intrusive. Both the growing power of the modernising state and the rise of public
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The materiality of secrets: everyday secrecy in postwar Soviet Union Continuity and Change (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2023-04-28 Asif A. Siddiqi
The intensive culture of secrecy and censorship in postwar Soviet society was enabled by bureaucracies such as Glavlit, the principal agency for censorship, but also by a secondary level of ‘parasitic bureaucracy’ involving institutions and paperwork which drew lifeblood from the core regime of secrecy but had no reason to exist otherwise. In highlighting everyday secrecy at the office (through the
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Afterword: hidden beauty Continuity and Change (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2023-04-28 Michael D. Gordin
People love a secret, as long as they are in on it. One might even argue that historians are more attracted to secrecy than the average scholar, or average individual, in that the tools we have for unearthing documentation from the past regularly trawl up long-dormant secrets. At one time, someone may have died to preserve this secret; for me, it is lying accessible in an archive. The challenge is
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Partnership among peasants: rural England, 1270–1520 Continuity and Change (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2023-03-29 Christopher Dyer
Historians of medieval society tend to emphasise the roles of either individual peasants or the village community. They also debate the importance of the market in the peasant economy. Here the focus is on partnership, defined as two or more people pursuing common objectives in a mutual co-operative relationship. Peasants sometimes held land jointly, and new land might be cleared by two or more people
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Travels and representations at the core of Western agricultural science: discovering rural societies in Spain, Italy and Lebanon in the late-eighteenth and early-nineteenth centuries Continuity and Change (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2023-03-29 Martino Lorenzo Fagnani
In the late-eighteenth and early-nineteenth centuries, Europe developed a deep interest in both natural resources and agroecosystems. Experts began to explore the rural hinterland and shores of the Mediterranean. These travellers described completely new settings, agroecosystems, and cultures through the lens of their own backgrounds. This article analyses the development of Mediterranean rural societies
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Work and earning in the nineteenth century: Townley Colliery as a case study Continuity and Change (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2023-03-29 Guy Solomon
This article demonstrates the varied and unpredictable nature of earning in the nineteenth century. Using 12,000 fortnightly pay entries from Townley Main Colliery in the north-east of England as a case study, it explores the extent to which the availability of work fluctuated between years, and how workers reacted to this phenomenon. It then considers the frequency with which these individuals undertook
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Coroners’ inquest juries in sixteenth-century England Continuity and Change (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2023-03-29 Steven Gunn, Tomasz Gromelski
Juries enabled the participation in local governance of those outside national and regional elites in early modern England. Yet their social range is disputed. We investigate coroners’ inquest juries in a range of communities and compare a sample of 148 juries in eleven counties, featuring 2024 jurors, with tax and muster records. These show that while the rural and urban middling sorts were disproportionately
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‘Poverty, gender and old age in the Victorian and Edwardian workhouse’ Continuity and Change (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2023-03-29 Samantha Williams
The workhouse was a central facet of the new poor law and the elderly – and aged men in particular – came to dominate workhouse populations. This article is the first to analyse a very large data set of almost 4,000 workhouses from all areas of England and Wales extracted from the I-CeM data set, which reveals the composition of workhouse residents on census night by age, gender, and geography between
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Missing from parish records: Anglican and nonconformist occupational differences and the economy of Wales c.1817 Continuity and Change (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2022-10-31 Frances Richardson
Recent studies of male occupations have used Anglican baptisms as a source. However, in areas where nonconformity was strong, a significant proportion of baptisms were missing from parish registers: in Wales, around a quarter of births were to Nonconformist fathers in the years 1813–1820. This study analyses whether there were significant differences between the occupations of Anglican and nonconformist
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Journeymen Migration and Settlement in Eighteenth-century Holland Continuity and Change (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2022-10-31 Piet Groot, Ruben Schalk
Many crafts in premodern Europe depended on migratory journeymen. Little is known about these workers, or how craft guilds and urban authorities affected their movement. By employing novel data on thousands of journeymen from different crafts and cities in Holland, we provide the first systematic overview of journeymen migration and settlement patterns in The Dutch Republic. We find that migration
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Debasement and demography in England and France in the Later Middle Ages Continuity and Change (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2022-10-31 Nick Mayhew, Katherine Ball
England recovered slowly after the Black Death, but countries which debased more saw rising prices and earlier population growth and economic recovery. We examine debasement in England, France, Flanders, and Scotland, emphasising the importance of nominal prices and governments’ role in determining and enforcing monetary policy. Money, as well as demography, strongly influenced the behaviour of prices
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Age as a yardstick for political citizenship Voting age and eligibility age in Sweden during the twentieth century Continuity and Change (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2022-10-31 Bengt Sandin, Jonathan Josefsson
In this article we analyse the changes in the age of voting and eligibility for office in Sweden during the twentieth century. We scrutinise arguments, actors, and contexts. Age proved to be an important yardstick for political citizenship and a source of political conflicts of importance for the development of democratic institutions which is largely neglected in earlier research on universal suffrage
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Vulnerabilities avoided and resilience built. Collective action, poor relief and diversification as weapons of the weak (The Campine, Belgium, 1350–1845) Continuity and Change (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2022-07-14 Maïka De Keyzer, Eline Van Onacker
In this article we analyse the root causes of the high level of resilience of one particular peasant society: the Campine area. While peasant societies have often been deemed one of the most vulnerable societies in the face of crises and disasters, because of their lack of capital, technology and power, we show that peasant communities possessed some important weapons of the weak. Thanks to strong
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Peasant frontiers as a research strategy: peasant resilience and the reproduction of common land rights Continuity and Change (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2022-07-14 Hanne Cottyn, Eric Vanhaute, Esther Beeckaert
Common land rights are nowadays identified as a pivotal action terrain for building sustainable development and climate resilience. This often leads to an idealisation of these common land systems and the people that manage them. This article presents a research strategy that elaborates on the notion of frontiers to unpack peasant resilience and common land rights as the outcome of a long history of
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From commons to resilience grabbing: Insights from historically-oriented social anthropological research on African peasants Continuity and Change (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2022-07-14 Tobias Haller
This paper aims to show the relevance that institutions governing common-pool resources (CPRs) play in peasant resilience. It outlines nine variables for resilience taken from socio-economic and ecological anthropological theories focusing on subsistence and minimax strategies and used for the comparative historical analysis of African case studies. These include drylands (Morocco, Ghana), semi-arid
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Blood money and the bloody code: the impact of financial rewards on criminal justice in eighteenth-century England Continuity and Change (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2022-07-14 Mary Clayton, Robert Shoemaker
The introduction of rewards for the conviction of serious criminals fundamentally transformed English criminal justice. The prospect of rewards totalling up to £140 encouraged additional prosecutions, more full (as opposed to partial) guilty verdicts, and more death sentences. In the process, in a series of largely unintended consequences, two fundamental pillars of early-modern justice were undermined:
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A new perspective on the demographic transition: birth-baptism intervals in ten Spanish villages, 1830–1949 Continuity and Change (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2022-07-14 Francisco J. Marco-Gracia
We analyse the evolution of birth-baptism intervals between 1830 and 1949 among children born into 815 Spanish families and relate the changes observed to developments in childhood mortality. Our results show that birth-baptism intervals in our study area increased rapidly after 1890, three decades after childhood mortality began to decline and a decade before fertility began to fall. We confirm that
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Strategies for old age and agency of the elderly in towns of the Low Countries in the Renaissance Continuity and Change (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2022-02-18 Jaco Zuijderduijn, Kim Overlaet
Contrary to what is sometimes assumed, the elderly in the distant past could not always rely on voluntary care. Therefore, some of them had to develop strategies to secure assistance during old age. We focus on towns in the Low Countries, where family ties were weak, and ageing individuals likely had to plan for old age. We show how members of the middling layers of society could use wills and retirement
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Mortuary dues in early sixteenth-century England Continuity and Change (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2022-02-18 Paul Cavill
Mortuaries were death duties owed to parish priests. The early sixteenth century was a pivotal moment in their long history. In 1529, an act of parliament significantly altered these dues. This article explores mortuary practices in the preceding decades. It examines what mortuaries were, who gave them, and what purpose they served. The importance of local custom is emphasised. The article reconsiders
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Conceptualising childhood as a relational status: parenting adult children in sixteenth-century England Continuity and Change (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2022-02-18 Maria Cannon
This article explores the status of child as a relational one, defined by the power dynamics between parents and children rather than the young age of the individual. This approach complicates historiographical perspectives on the transition between childhood and adulthood, usually defined by historians as independence from parental regulation. Analysis of family correspondence from early modern England
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Persecuted or permitted? Fraternal Polyandry in a Calvinist colony, Sri Lanka (Ceylon), seventeenth and eighteenth centuries Continuity and Change (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2022-02-18 Jan Kok, Luc Bulten, Bente M. de Leede
Several studies assume that Calvinist Christianity severely undermined or even persecuted the practice of polyandry in the Sri Lankan areas under Dutch control. We analyze Dutch colonial policy and Church activities toward polyandry by combining ecclesiastical and legal sources. Moreover, we use the Dutch colonial administration of the Sinhalese population to estimate the prevalence of polyandry. We
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Industriousness and its discontents: wages, workloads, and the mechanisation of papermaking, 1750–1820 Continuity and Change (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2022-02-18 Leonard N. Rosenband
This article considers how the capitalist practices and organisation of hand papermaking framed the coming of mechanised paper production during the Age of Revolutions. The lived experience of making paper by hand had been as tightly wrapped as the synchronised toil of its workers and the trade's wage system. Neither the ’industrial Enlightenment’ nor an ‘industrious revolution’ had transformed paper
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David Hitchcock and Julia McClure (eds), The Routledge History of Poverty, c.1450–1800 (London and New York: Routledge, 2021), pp. xxvii + 380 + figures 37 + tables 2 H/b £190, e-book £35.99 Continuity and Change (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2021-12-01 Julie Marfany
tine orders continue to shift how historians undertake research. Wiesner-Hanks achieves a clear and punchy survey of early modern historiography, peppering the text with enjoyable anecdotes and stories from the historical past. The author draws out the many parallels between the early modern world and today, and the unique vantage point of early modern history that affords scholars ‘the ability (and
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Hard numbers? The long-term decline in violence reassessed. Empirical objections and fresh perspectives – Corrigendum Continuity and Change (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2021-12-01 Gerd Schwerhoff,Benjamin Seebröker,Alexander Kästner,Wiebke Voigt
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Merry E. Wiesner-Hanks, What is Early Modern History? (Medford, MA and Cambridge: Polity Press, 2021). Pages 154 +3 Images. Paperback £15.99. Continuity and Change (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2021-12-01 Ana Howie
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Credit and investment between town and countryside: the market in grain annuities in Normandy (thirteenth-fourteenth centuries) Continuity and Change (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2021-10-21 Mathieu Arnoux
The replacement of rents in kind by payments in money is considered by many historians as a marker of the commercialization of the economy and thus of its modernization. The case of medieval Normandy does not confirm this development, however: the sources testify to a common use of money since the end of the eleventh century, but also to the persistence until the fifteenth century of payment in kind
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Rents instead of land. Credit and peasant indebtedness in late medieval Mediterranean Iberia: the kingdom of Valencia Continuity and Change (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2021-10-21 Antoni Furió
The literature on the rural economy of the high and late Middle Ages has long established a close correlation between three significant features of the period: the spread of rural credit, the dynamism of the peasant land market and the expropriation of peasant land by the creditors, usually yeomen or urban landowners. There has even been talk for some countries (northern Italy) of a deliberate strategy
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Impediments to expropriation. Peasant property rights in medieval England and Marcher Wales Continuity and Change (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2021-10-21 Phillipp R. Schofield
In this paper, an attempt will be made to discuss the likely context for pre-plague indications of expropriation and its limits. There is plentiful evidence of an active land market in medieval villages by the end of the thirteenth century, and most likely for some time earlier. Fluctuation in the rate of buying and selling coincided with difficult harvest years and suggests a link between impecunious
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The route from informal peasant landownership to formal tenancy and eviction in Palestine, 1800s–1947 Continuity and Change (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2021-10-21 Amos Nadan
Exogenous intervention in land ownership began with few court judgments prior to the weighty Land Code in 1858; but it was especially this law which officially overturned the status quo by permitting registration of cultivated land in the names of non-cultivators. This changed the rules of the game for the peasantry in Palestine. Informally, yet practically, peasants had been the de facto owners of
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Nate Holdren, Injury Impoverished: Workplace Accidents, Capitalism, and Law in the Progressive Era (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2020). Pages xiii + 292 + tables 2. £47.99 hardback. Continuity and Change (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2021-08-01 Stephen E. Mawdsley
markedly from one context to another. There is not room here to do full justice to the wealth of detail and the nuanced arguments that Hionidou provides on all aspect of her subject. I would strongly encourage readers to explore these, perhaps supplying themselves with a map of Greece and a medical dictionary before doing so. A strength of the book lies in its ability to challenge readers’ assumptions
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Leonard Smith, Private Madhouses in England, 1640–1815: Commercialised Care for the Insane (Cham, Switzerland: Palgrave Macmillan, 2020). Pages xix + 323 + figures 12 + tables 3. £64.99 hardback, £51.99 ebook. Continuity and Change (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2021-08-01 Jennifer Wallis
primary focus remains on white working-class men and their families. For this reason, the book provides a starting point for scholars embarking on new comparative studies at the intersection of race, class, and gender. Historians of society and the family will find Injury Impoverished valuable, as it reveals the wider impact of workplace injury on a community, and how legal frameworks have a direct
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Violetta Hionidou, Abortion and Contraception in Modern Greece, 1830–1967: Medicine, Sexuality and Popular Culture (London: Palgrave Macmillan 2020). Pages xix + 361 + b/w illustrations 2 + colour illustrations 11. £69.99 hardback, £49.99 paperback, £55.99 ebook. Continuity and Change (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2021-08-01 Eilidh Garrett
This well-researched and erudite book is also a thoroughly engaging read. As part of a series entitled Medicine and Biomedical Sciences in Modern History it will appeal to social, cultural and demographic historians as well as medical professionals. In recent years there has been a growing number of voices calling for the reassessment of our understanding of the fertility transition, citing a need
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Hard numbers? The long-term decline in violence reassessed. Empirical objections and fresh perspectives Continuity and Change (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2021-04-27 Gerd Schwerhoff, Benjamin Seebröker, Alexander Kästner, Wiebke Voigt
Over the last decades social scientists have alleged that violence has decreased in Europe since late medieval times. They consider homicide rates a valid indicator for this claim. Thorough source criticism, however, raises serious doubts about the decline thesis having any substantial empirical foundation. Forms and contents of the sources are immensely heterogeneous and a closer look at the alleged
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Seigneurial governance and the state in late medieval Guelders (14th–16th century) Continuity and Change (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2021-04-27 Jim van der Meulen
This article charts the long-term development of seigneurial governance within the principality of Guelders in the Low Countries. Proceeding from four quantitative cross-sections (c. 1325, 1475, 1540, 1570) of seigneurial lordships, the conclusion is that seigneurial governance remained stable in late medieval Guelders. The central argument is that this persistence of seigneurial governance was an
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Women, town councils, and the organisation of work in Bilbao and Antwerp: a north-south comparison (1400–1560) Continuity and Change (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2021-04-27 Nena Vandeweerdt
In this article, I compare women's work opportunities in Bilbao, in northern Castile, and Antwerp, in the Low Countries, from 1400 to 1560. I argue that the different organisation of work in the two towns had a great influence on women's economic opportunities. Whereas women in Antwerp often worked alongside other members of their household because of the town's dominant craft guilds, Bilbao's informal
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Georgian Washerwomen: tales of the tub from the long eighteenth century Continuity and Change (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2021-04-27 Jenny Dyer
Washerwomen in the Georgian period belonged, for the most part, to the small army of part-time and casual workers who found employment when and where they could. As handlers of one of the most coveted (as well as necessary) commodities of the period they were a focus of interest to a wide range of society and were growing in number as many householders came to rely less on resident domestic servants
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Using life histories to explore the complexities of internal and international migration Continuity and Change (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2021-04-27 Colin G. Pooley
Residential migration is one of the most problematic demographic variables. In Britain there are no sources that routinely record all moves, and the motives behind relocation are rarely recorded. In this paper I argue that the use of life histories can add important depth and clarity to the study of residential moves. The paper focuses on two themes: the ways in which internal and international migration
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Amanda L. Capern, Briony McDonagh and Jennifer Aston (eds)., Women and the Land 1500–1900. People, Markets, Goods: Economies and Societies in History 15 (Woodbridge: Boydell and Brewer, 2019). Pages 309 + figures 7 + tables 16. £25 paperback. Continuity and Change (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2021-04-27 Rebecca Mason
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Katie Donington, The bonds of family: Slavery, commerce and culture in the British Atlantic world (Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2020). Pages xiii + 320 + figures 18 + family trees 7. £80 hardback, £25.00 paperback. Continuity and Change (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2021-04-27 Nicholas Radburn
They analyze household structure and co-residence patterns. They chart the economy of single women and widows using information about occupation, land and house ownership and in some cases even the presence of servants in the household. We are given insights into legal systems affecting inheritance, migration patterns affecting the presence or absence of kin and social stratification and change. The
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Francisco Garcia Gonzáles (ed.), Vivir en soledad. Viudedad, soltería y abandono en el mundo rural (España y America Latina, siglos XVI–XXI), [Living Alone, Widowhood, Singleness and Abandonment in Rural Society (Spain and Latin America 16th to the 21st century)] (Madrid: Ibroamericana Vervuert, 2020). Pages 518 + images 2 + maps 6 + figures 37 + tables 75. Paperback 38 Euros. Continuity and Change (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2021-04-27 Beatrice Moring
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Enriqueta Camps-Cura, Changes in population, inequality and human capital formation in the Americas in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries: a comparative perspective. Palgrave Studies in Economic History (Palgrave Macmillan, 2019). Pages xvi + 159 + figures 53 + tables 44. Hardback £44.99, eBook £35.99. Continuity and Change (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2021-04-27 Andrew Hinde
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Kevin Siena, Rotten Bodies. Class & Contagion in Eighteenth-Century Britain (Yale UP, New Haven & London, 2019). Pages ix-x + 333. £30 hardback. Continuity and Change (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2020-12-01 Jeremy Boulton
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Emma Griffin, Bread Winner: an Intimate History of the Victorian Economy (New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 2020). Pages xi + 389. £20 hardback. Continuity and Change (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2020-12-01 Edward Higgs
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Fashionably late? Time, work and the industrious revolution in early modern Antwerp (1585–1795) Continuity and Change (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2020-12-01 Gerrit Verhoeven
Abstract Drawing evidence from the proceedings of the Antwerp hoogere Vierschaer (the local criminal court), the article challenges some key features from Jan de Vries’ hypothesis of the Industrious Revolution. Mesmerised by an endless variety of fashionable and exotic consumer goods, eighteenth-century people would have slashed their leisure time in a variety of ways. Labour input would have been
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Law and Gospel Order: resolving commercial disputes in colonial Philadelphia Continuity and Change (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2020-12-01 Esther Sahle
Abstract Trade in the early modern Atlantic grew a great deal. While acknowledging that this growth had important economic, social and cultural consequences, scholars have yet to fully explain its causes. This paper argues that formal religious institutions were key. Based on records from colonial Philadelphia, it shows how the Quaker meeting created a legal forum to resolve commercial disputes. The
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Girls and their families in an era of economic change Continuity and Change (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2020-12-01 Jane Humphries
Abstract The paper uses autobiographical accounts by 227 working women alongside a larger sample of men's life stories to compare girls’ and boys’ experiences of first jobs, schooling and family life in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. It asks whether girls were disadvantaged in seizing the opportunities and fending off the threats to wellbeing occasioned by economic change. Girls
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In peace and war: birth control and population policies in Norway (1930–1945) Continuity and Change (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2020-12-01 Astri Andresen, Kari Tove Elvbakken
Abstract While Norway in the 1930s had relatively liberal policies with regard to access to contraceptives, and an increasing number of legal abortions were carried out, the regime that was installed after occupation in 1940 reined them in, fuelled not only by Nazi ideology but by what new the regime saw as a most threatening population decrease. With reference to population policies in other West-European
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Lawyers in transition – Palestinian Arab lawyers in the first decade of the Jewish state Continuity and Change (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2020-12-01 Gal Amir, Na'ama Ben Ze'ev
Abstract This article traces the careers of 12 Palestinian Arab lawyers who practised law during the last years of the British Mandate in Palestine (1920–1948), and who became Israeli citizens after 1948. The State of Israel made efforts to limit the professional practice of Palestinian lawyers and to supervise them. Yet, despite the pressures, most of them continued their legal practice and became
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The transfer of land in medieval England from 1246 to 1430: the language of acquisition Continuity and Change (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2020-07-27 William S. Deller
AbstractRecords of proof-of-age hearings from 1246 to 1430 which mention land transfer are analysed by techniques aimed at overcoming the legal conventionality of the texts and the widespread plagiarism of the records of previous hearings. References are examined decade by decade, initially in terms of the numbers of testimonies mentioning land and, most importantly, in terms of their changing syntax
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Elisabeth van Houts, Married Life in the Middle Ages, 900–1300 (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2019). Pages viii + 298 + illustrations 3. £65.00 hardback. Continuity and Change (IF 0.9) Pub Date : 2020-07-27 Charles C. Rozier
assertions. How far women’s exercise of legal energies were expressions of desperation, how far new extensions of legal rights were premised upon new exclusions and how far the growing volume of rulings in women’s favour reflected not the death of patriarchy but its cultural redistribution remain open to debate. In the meantime, there is much of interest for scholars of legal and gender history to
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