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The impact of emotionally evocative information on interpreting accuracy in a mock asylum interview Applied Cognitive Psychology (IF 2.36) Pub Date : 2024-03-16 Louisa Morrison, Zoe Given‐Wilson, Amina Memon
In asylum interviews, interpreters often relay emotionally evocative information. This study compared interpreting accuracy of emotionally evocative and neutral information. Twenty‐eight Arabic‐English interpreters participated in a mock asylum interview held via videoconferencing. They interpreted between an English interviewer and a Sudanese‐Arabic applicant who performed a scripted interview including
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2020 feels slow, long, and far away: Time distortion due to the COVID‐19 pandemic Applied Cognitive Psychology (IF 2.36) Pub Date : 2024-03-12 Judit Castellà, Taiji Ueno, Richard J. Allen
The COVID pandemic has been an unforeseen situation in which uncertainty, social distance, loss of stability, and significant changes have proven to have detrimental effects on people's well‐being and on mental health. The aim of the present study is to determine changes in subjective time speed, duration, and time distance, and to consider the factors that may have contributed to this subjective distortion
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Argument‐based intervention as a way to reduce covid‐19 unfounded beliefs and vaccination hesitancy Applied Cognitive Psychology (IF 2.36) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Peter Teličák, Jakub Šrol, Peter Halama
The aim of the experimental study was to verify the reduction of Covid‐19 unfounded beliefs through arguments in favor of vaccination. The sample includes 720 participants recruited by Qualtrics (50% women, age: M = 38.8, SD = 10.90). The participants were equally and randomly divided into three groups. The control group was given the task of reading a neutral text about Norway. The first experimental
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Previewing test items prior to learning and receiving decorative pictures during testing: Impact on listening comprehension for English as a Foreign Language students Applied Cognitive Psychology (IF 2.36) Pub Date : 2024-02-27 Zhe Wang, Jiayan Zeng, Yuliya Ardasheva, Ping Zhang
In multimedia learning research, pictures are commonly used to visually represent corresponding written texts, generating substantial research on how to apply multimedia principles to more effectively design instructional materials. However, it is still unclear what types of pictures presented in testing, with or without additional instructional supports, enhance learning from spoken messages. To address
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Effects of internal versus external distinctive facial features on eyewitness identification Applied Cognitive Psychology (IF 2.36) Pub Date : 2024-02-22 Curt A. Carlson, William E. Pleasant, Maria A. Carlson, Alyssa R. Jones
Many criminals have distinctive facial features such as tattoos, yet the potential impact on eyewitness memory has received little research attention. Does such a feature harm memory for the face at encoding, and can police do anything about this when constructing the lineup? Does it matter whether the feature is on the interior (e.g., tattoo on face) or exterior (e.g., tattoo on neck)? These are the
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The functions of remembering the past and imagining the future during the COVID‐19 pandemic Applied Cognitive Psychology (IF 2.36) Pub Date : 2024-02-20 Zeynep Adıgüzel, Demet Ay, Ezgi Bilgin, Selin Buse Coşkuner, İrem Ergen, Sami Gülgöz
In this study, we explored how the COVID‐19 pandemic affected the functions of autobiographical memory and future projection over time. Between May and June 2020, we asked people (N = 286) to recall or imagine personal events from four time periods: past before the pandemic, past during the pandemic, future during the pandemic, and future after the pandemic ends. Participants rated self, social, directive
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Susceptibility to cancer misinformation: Predictors of false belief and false memory formation Applied Cognitive Psychology (IF 2.36) Pub Date : 2024-02-20 Nora King, Ciara M. Greene
Previous research has shown that people sometimes come to believe in misinformation presented in the form of fake news, and even form false memories for the fabricated events described. This study aimed to investigate the effects of analytical reasoning, attitudes to complementary and alternative medicine, bullshit receptivity, and previous experience with cancer on the formation of false memory and
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Enhanced detection efficiency in reaction time‐based concealed information test through response preparation interference Applied Cognitive Psychology (IF 2.36) Pub Date : 2024-02-19 Jing Liang, Yu‐Hsin Chen, Wen‐Jing Yan, Yun‐Feng He
This study investigated the influence of cognitive interference on the detectability of concealed information in a reaction time (RT)‐based concealed information test (CIT). The classical RT‐based CIT was modified to interfere with response preparation, hypothesizing that this interference would enhance detection efficiency. A total of 120 participants were randomly assigned as “guilty” or “innocent”
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Testing the efficacy of the cognitive interview to road traffic accident investigations Applied Cognitive Psychology (IF 2.36) Pub Date : 2024-02-15 Dewi Maulina, Diandra Yasmine Irwanda, Guritnaningsih, Henry Otgaar, Dela Septiana Nurfajriah, La Ode Muhammad Alwi Armas, Aliqa Impuni Dewi
In the current set of experiments, we examined the effectiveness of the Cognitive Interview (CI) on memory for traffic accidents. Three online experiments were conducted among Indonesian young motorcyclists who had an accident experience. Participants were interviewed about their most memorable accident experience, either with a CI or a Standard Interview (SI) method (Experiment 1). We added the time
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The efficacy of the Self-Administered Interview in minimising the misinformation effect Applied Cognitive Psychology (IF 2.36) Pub Date : 2024-02-13 Emily Bird, Jan Wiener, Janice Attard-Johnson
Two experiments investigated the efficacy of the Self-Administered Interview (SAI) in immediate recall and minimising misinformation into later recall. In Experiment 1, participants (N = 114) viewed a reconstructed crime video and completed the SAI, Written Free Recall (WFR), or no recall for immediate recall, followed by a Delayed Recall questionnaire 1-to-2 weeks later. Experiment 2 replicated the
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Characteristics and functions of predictive and directive memories and forecasts Applied Cognitive Psychology (IF 2.36) Pub Date : 2024-02-11 Demet Ay, Sami Gülgöz
Earlier research focused on three functions of recollecting the past self, social, and directive functions, but few studies examined the characteristics of events serving these functions. Moreover, research has neglected the function of prediction, which refers to predicting the future by recollecting the past. The current study distinguished the predictive function from the directive function and
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“What if…?”: Vividness and frequency of counterfactual thinking in survivors of terrorism Applied Cognitive Psychology (IF 2.36) Pub Date : 2024-02-11 Andrea Undset, Tine K. Jensen, Grete Dyb, Tore Wentzel-Larsen, Ines Blix
After traumatic experiences, it is common to think about alternative scenarios or outcomes of the event. This is often referred to as counterfactual thoughts (CFT), and CFT after trauma have been associated with posttraumatic stress reactions (PTSR). In this study, we aimed to: (1) investigate the relationship between the vividness and frequency of CFT and PTSR, and to (2) examine the associations
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Cognitive effects of humorous drawings on learning: An eye-tracking study Applied Cognitive Psychology (IF 2.36) Pub Date : 2024-02-07 Mathilde Cazes, Audrey Noël, Eric Jamet
Although humor is frequently used in face-to-face courses and computer-based training, there is no consensus in the literature on its effects on students' learning. The aim of the present study was therefore to assess the cognitive effects of adding humorous drawings in a computer-based course on both learning outcomes and learning behaviors (eye movements). It was assumed that humorous drawings would
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Retraction: Generalisability and stability of visual comparison ability Applied Cognitive Psychology (IF 2.36) Pub Date : 2024-01-29
Retraction: “Generalisability and stability of visual comparison ability,” by Bethany Growns, Mia Gough and Rebecca K. Helm, Appl Cognit Psychol. 2023, 37, 6 (https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.4127).
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Evaluating eyewitnesses: Translating expressions of pre- and post-identification confidence Applied Cognitive Psychology (IF 2.36) Pub Date : 2024-01-25 Daniella K. Cash, Tiffany D. Russell, Alan T. Harrison, Megan H. Papesh
Although the confidence-accuracy relationship is now well established, confidence assessments are usually taken after the lineup identification procedure. Witnesses, however, often express confidence in their potential identification accuracy at other times, such as prior to seeing a lineup. Recent research has shown that these post-identification confidence statements are not consistently interpreted
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How is the memory conformity effect influenced by the relative power of the individuals involved? Applied Cognitive Psychology (IF 2.36) Pub Date : 2024-01-25 Daniel B. Wright, Vuk Celic
When people remember together, what one person says can affect what others report. The size of this effect is dependent on characteristics of the people and how they express their beliefs. The power relationship among people affects much of their social cognition, including the size of this memory conformity effect. However, some research has shown people conform more to high power individuals and
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“They don't want you to know the truth”: Evaluating predictors of beliefs in conspiracy theories Applied Cognitive Psychology (IF 2.36) Pub Date : 2024-01-25 Maria Isabela Caro Simões dos Reis, André Rabelo, Ronaldo Pilati, Vithor Rosa Franco, Manuela Flores de Almeida, Natália Iturri-Angulo, Teresa Clara Joaquim Rebouças
This work aims to evaluate the predictive effect of Social Dominance Orientation, Need for Closure, Attitudes toward Math, Paranormal Beliefs, Religiosity, and Education over General Conspiracy Beliefs (GCB) and Conspiracy Mentality (CM). Two studies were conducted with Brazilian samples. In Study 1, a higher Educational Level and being a female were negatively associated with GCB. In Study 2, Paranormal
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Time to reflect on voice parades: The influence of reflection and retention interval duration on earwitness performance Applied Cognitive Psychology (IF 2.36) Pub Date : 2024-01-25 Nikolas Pautz, Kirsty McDougall, Katrin Mueller-Johnson, Francis Nolan, Alice Paver, Harriet M. J. Smith
Experiment-based voice parades often result in low hit-rates and high false-alarm rates. One contributing factor may be that the experimental procedures omit elements that might naturally occur in the memory formation process, such as the process of reflection. In Experiment 1 (N = 180, F = 92) we explored if a post-encoding reflection manipulation, compared to a simple attention control task, prior
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Associations between inhibition and precursors of literacy and mathematics in kindergarten children Applied Cognitive Psychology (IF 2.36) Pub Date : 2024-01-25 Eva Michel, Jonas Lang, Finn Boesche
This study analyzes the relationship between different components of inhibition (interference control, response inhibition) and pre-academic skills in a sample of 105 5- and 6-year-old German and Austrian kindergarten children. Interference control is a form of cognitive inhibition that fosters focused attention on task-relevant information and the exclusion of task-irrelevant stimuli, while response
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The effects of lecture speed and note-taking on memory for educational material Applied Cognitive Psychology (IF 2.36) Pub Date : 2024-01-25 Ashley Chen, Dillon H. Murphy, Jordan A. Brabec, Robert A. Bjork, Elizabeth L. Bjork
The use of pre-recorded lecture videos as a primary mode of instruction during online learning has allowed students flexibility in how they self-regulate their learning. Although increasing lectures up to 2x speed has little cost on memory, it is unknown whether note-taking at increased speeds interacts with memory. Participants watched lecture videos at 1x or 2x speed while some simultaneously took
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Motivated reasoning and climate change: Comparing news sources, politicization, intensification, and qualification in denier versus believer subreddit comments Applied Cognitive Psychology (IF 2.36) Pub Date : 2024-01-25 Charles S. Areni
Motivated reasoning explains how climate change deniers can maintain their beliefs in the face of disconfirming evidence, suggesting that, compared to believers, the online comments of climate change deniers are more likely to (a) reference independent and social media websites advocating ideologically congruent positions, (b) politicize the issue, and (c) use intensifiers (e.g., definitely, undoubtedly)
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Is student learning from a video lecture affected by whether the instructor wears a mask? Applied Cognitive Psychology (IF 2.36) Pub Date : 2024-01-25 Xiaoxue Leng, Fuxing Wang, Richard E. Mayer
This study examined whether having the instructor wear a mask during a video lecture affects learning. In Experiment 1, college students watched an instructional video on the formation of lightning, in which an instructor who either did or did not wear a mask as she stood next to slides and lectured. Learners' learning outcomes did not differ significantly, but learners spent significantly less time
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Validating the Korean version of the Thinking About Life Experiences Scale Applied Cognitive Psychology (IF 2.36) Pub Date : 2024-01-19 Sangmi Park, Ji-Hyuk Park, Ickpyo Hong, Tae Hui Kim, Nicole Alea, Susan Bluck
The Thinking about Life Experiences (TALE) Scale is well-used in the autobiographical memory literature. Through rigorous examination of its psychometric properties, this study aimed to validate a Korean version of the Thinking About Life Experiences Scale (TALE-K) with Korean adults. Data were collected through an online survey. The TALE-K, and for convergent validity purposes the Korean-Reminiscence
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Is your memory better than mine? Investigating the mechanisms and determinants of the memory conformity effect using a modified MORI technique Applied Cognitive Psychology (IF 2.36) Pub Date : 2024-01-19 Magdalena Kękuś, Romuald Polczyk, Hiroshi Ito, Kazuo Mori, Krystian Barzykowski
The paper presents the memory conformity effect phenomenon, which involves the inclusion in memory accounts concerning a particular event (original information) of incorrect information (misinformation) that a witness has obtained as a result of another witness's account of the same event. The research had two goals: (1) to verify the existence of individuals who yield to misinformation yet are aware
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The effect of confirmation bias and racial stereotypes on perceptions of guilt and interrogation strategy decisions Applied Cognitive Psychology (IF 2.36) Pub Date : 2024-01-15 Laure Brimbal, Dominick J. Atkinson, Christian A. Meissner
We examined whether racial stereotypes and guilt bias could affect perceptions of suspects and decisions in investigations. In three studies, participants read about a case, provided guilt judgments, and suggested questions they would ask a suspect. In all studies we manipulated race-based stereotypes and guilt bias using different methods and operationalizations to provide a robust test of our hypotheses
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Causal diagramming to improve students' monitoring accuracy and text comprehension: Effects of diagram standards and self-scoring instructions Applied Cognitive Psychology (IF 2.36) Pub Date : 2024-01-16 Sophia Braumann, Margot van Wermeskerken, Janneke van de Pol, Héctor J. Pijeira-Díaz, Anique B. H. de Bruin, Tamara van Gog
Students' monitoring of their text comprehension must be accurate for self-regulated learning to be effective. Completing causal diagrams after reading (i.e., diagramming) already improves students' monitoring accuracy to some extent. We investigated whether providing secondary school students with a standard (i.e., correctly completed) diagram and self-scoring instructions would further improve their
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The effect of facial ageing on forensic facial image comparison Applied Cognitive Psychology (IF 2.36) Pub Date : 2024-01-11 Laura Sexton, Reuben Moreton, Eilidh Noyes, Sergio Castro Martinez, Sarah Laurence
Facial appearance changes over time as people age. This poses a challenge for individuals working in forensic settings whose role requires them to match the identity of face images. The present research aimed to determine how well an international sample of forensic facial examiners could match faces with a substantial age gap. We tested a sample of 60 facial examiners, 23 professional teams, and 81
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Motivation brought to the test: Successful retrieval practice is modulated by mastery goal orientation and external rewards Applied Cognitive Psychology (IF 2.36) Pub Date : 2023-12-06 Tino Endres, Alexander Eitel
We investigated how learners' motivation impacts the testing effect for complex study materials. High mastery goal orientation was expected to weaken the effect, while external rewards for successful retrieval practice were expected to strengthen it. Two experiments (N = 191) compared restudy, retrieval practice, and retrieval practice with external reward in a between-subject design. We assessed delayed
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Police officers have no advantage over civilians when making identifications Applied Cognitive Psychology (IF 2.36) Pub Date : 2023-11-29 Daniel Reisberg, Kathy Pezdek
Some courts have ruled that identification evidence provided by a police officer is more likely to be accurate than comparable evidence provided by a civilian. Identifications made by a police officer are therefore given greater weight and, for these identifications, otherwise-required procedures and safeguards might be deemed superfluous. We describe the available evidence that examines these notions
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I helped the interviewer and I liked it: Rapport building and benevolence transfer Applied Cognitive Psychology (IF 2.36) Pub Date : 2023-11-29 Jillian E. Peek, Rolando N. Carol, Jacqueline R. Evans, Clarissa J. Arms-Chavez, Pamela Tidwell
Rapport building is a widely recommended investigative technique that sometimes improves eyewitness recall. However, a clear understanding of how rapport impacts witness recall is lacking. We explored benevolence as a mediator between rapport and eyewitness recall while fixing the pre-interview interaction to 3 min. Further, we explored whether rapport would lead to benevolence transferring to a subsequent
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When having photographs of events influences the visual perspective of autobiographical memories Applied Cognitive Psychology (IF 2.36) Pub Date : 2023-11-22 Chloe I. King, Azra A. Panjwani, Peggy L. St. Jacques
Photographs are frequently taken to preserve memories of events from the personal past, but they can also bias how we remember. For example, photographs often capture events from a novel visual perspective (e.g., seeing ourselves in the image). Here, we examined how the presence of the self in photographs influences autobiographical memories. Participants provided subjective ratings for specific autobiographical
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Encouraging children's clarification requests with “I don't understand” rule reminders Applied Cognitive Psychology (IF 2.36) Pub Date : 2023-11-22 Lillian A. Rodriguez Steen, Lindsay C. Malloy
When children are questioned, it is crucial they request clarification to resolve potential misunderstandings. The current research tested a method for increasing children's appropriate clarification requests during an interview, and examined the impact of age and question characteristics. Children (n = 81), ages 6- to 11-years-old, responded to scripted questions, some of which were designed to be
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How is preschoolers' memory performance related to parental elaboration during reminiscence? Applied Cognitive Psychology (IF 2.36) Pub Date : 2023-11-21 Christina Léonard, Marie Geurten, Sylvie Willems
The influence of parental reminiscing style – how parents discuss past events with their child – on preschoolers' independent memory skills (outside of parent–child conversations) and the processes involved in this effect (memory consolidation vs. development of strategies) is far from clear. To test this, 50 parent–child dyads (MChildAge = 52.12) were recruited. Parents' level of elaboration during
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Mental journey to the future and memory for future thoughts during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown Applied Cognitive Psychology (IF 2.36) Pub Date : 2023-11-20 Malen Migueles Seco, Alaitz Aizpurua Sanz
This study analyzes the production and recall of future thoughts during the COVID-19 lockdown. Participants were free to produce future thoughts (Experiment 1) or received cues to promote production (Experiment 2), and then were asked to recall as many of the future thoughts produced as possible. The Valence (positive vs. negative) and the Event Type (personal vs. collective) thoughts were considered
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Not all bullshit pondered is tossed: Reflection decreases receptivity to some types of misleading information but not others Applied Cognitive Psychology (IF 2.36) Pub Date : 2023-11-20 Shane Littrell, Ethan A. Meyers, Jonathan A. Fugelsang
Across three studies (N = 659), we present evidence that engaging in explanatory reflection reduces receptivity to pseudo-profound bullshit but not scientific bullshit or fake news. Additionally, ratings for pseudo-profound and scientific bullshit attributed to authoritative sources were significantly inflated compared to bullshit from anonymous sources. These findings provide initial evidence that
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The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted the healthy fading of emotions in autobiographical memory mediated via in-person social disclosures Applied Cognitive Psychology (IF 2.36) Pub Date : 2023-11-13 Kate Muir, Charity Brown
We explore the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom upon the fading affect bias in autobiographical memory, which describes the greater fading of negative emotional intensity over time compared to positive. Across two studies we show that the magnitude of the FAB is smaller for pandemic-related events compared to pandemic-unrelated events. The FAB is thought to represent the result
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Interpreting eyewitness confidence: Numeric, verbal, and graded verbal scales Applied Cognitive Psychology (IF 2.36) Pub Date : 2023-11-11 Rachel Leigh Greenspan, Elizabeth F. Loftus
In empirical research, eyewitnesses typically report their confidence numerically (e.g., “I'm 90% sure”). In contrast, in the field, lineup administrators typically ask witnesses to explain their confidence verbally, in the witness' own words (e.g., “I'm quite sure”). Across three studies, we explored how evaluators assess verbal confidence statements: both freely reported and reported using a graded
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Functions of episodic future thinking: A validation and comparative study across individuals with normal versus pathological worry Applied Cognitive Psychology (IF 2.36) Pub Date : 2023-11-11 Mehdi Akbari, Shiva Jamshidi, Mohammad Seydavi, David J. Hallford
Future thinking is the ability to mentally simulate future scenarios, events, or circumstances that one might be personally involved in. The present study sought to evaluate the Persian version of the Functions of Future Thinking Scale (FoFTS) in a large sample of the Iranian general population and to compare individuals with normal versus pathological worry. The Persian FoFTS had an acceptable 10-factor
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No evidence of association between autism spectrum quotient and spontaneous mental time travel in a general adult sample performing an online vigilance task Applied Cognitive Psychology (IF 2.36) Pub Date : 2023-11-08 Jennifer Shevchenko, Megan Arnold, J. Helgi Clayton McClure
Evidence supports the dissociation of voluntary and spontaneous routes to past and future thinking, collectively referred to as mental time travel (MTT). If the diminished voluntary MTT ability found in autism spectrum disorders (ASD) is attributable to a deficit in constructive/generative processes not necessary for spontaneous MTT, ASD traits (Autism Spectrum Quotient score) in a general adult sample
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Others (dis-)endorse this so it must (not) be true: High relative endorsement increases perceived misinformation veracity but not correction effectiveness Applied Cognitive Psychology (IF 2.36) Pub Date : 2023-11-02 Lucy H. Butler, Nicolas Fay, Ullrich K. H. Ecker
People increasingly rely on social-media platforms to access information; thus, understanding how platform characteristics influence belief in misinformation is important. Recent findings indicate perceived social endorsement of information (e.g., number of likes) can influence misinformation belief and correction acceptance. However, how the influence of endorsement may be modulated by concurrent
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Critique of a measure of interrogative suggestibility for children: The Bonn test of statement suggestibility Applied Cognitive Psychology (IF 2.36) Pub Date : 2023-10-25 Kathryn Rowsell, Melissa F. Colloff
Professionals supporting child witnesses are concerned with susceptibility to suggestion, that is, the impact of suggestive questioning on the information that children report. The Bonn test of statement suggestibility (BTSS; Endres, The Journal of Credibility Assessment and Witness Psychology, 1997, 1, 44–67; Endres et al., Psychologie der zeugenaussage, 1998) is a measure of interrogative suggestibility
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The impact of multimedia design and the accent of the instructor on student learning and evaluations of teaching Applied Cognitive Psychology (IF 2.36) Pub Date : 2023-10-22 Katie M. Silaj, Antonia Frangiyyeh, Melissa Paquette-Smith
In college classrooms, the language background of instructors is rarely considered when designing instructional materials. Previous work suggests that redundant text on slides during multimedia presentations can hinder learning (i.e., the redundancy principle). The current study examines whether additional text support can facilitate learning when the instructor speaks with a non-native accent. In
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Coronaphobia flips the emotional world upside down: Unhealthy variables positively predict the fading affect bias at high physical symptoms of coronavirus anxiety Applied Cognitive Psychology (IF 2.36) Pub Date : 2023-10-19 Jeffrey A. Gibbons, Kaylee D. Harris, Emma D. Friedmann, Emily A. Pappalardo, Gabriela R. Rocha, Matthew J. Traversa, Molly J. Nolan, Sherman A. Lee
The fading affect bias (FAB) refers to the faster fading of unpleasant affect than pleasant affect. The present study investigated various healthy and unhealthy variables as predictors of the FAB across physical symptoms of coronavirus anxiety (PSCA) as well as across events involving and not involving COVID-19. The data were collected in the heart of the pandemic from April 18, 2020 to January 23
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The moderating role of reflective thinking on personal factors affecting belief in conspiracy theories Applied Cognitive Psychology (IF 2.36) Pub Date : 2023-10-19 Hiroki Ozono, Ryota Sakakibara
The COVID-19 pandemic has sparked an interest in conspiracy theories worldwide. Previous research has shown that reflective thinking can inhibit belief in conspiracy theories. However, this study delves further by investigating whether reflective thinking moderates the effects of other personal factors, such as anxiety and social class. We conducted an online survey and analyzed data from 937 crowd
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A test of age bias in children and adults in prospective person memory Applied Cognitive Psychology (IF 2.36) Pub Date : 2023-10-17 Kara N. Moore, Raevan L. Hanan, Kassandra Gaona
Children are disproportionately represented amongst missing people in the United States. Search campaigns target adults to search for missing children, but age biases in face recognition may affect adults' efficacy at sighting missing children. We hypothesized that own-age biases in children (7–9 years; N = 105) and adults (18–30 years; N = 108) would affect their ability to sight children and adults
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Cognition and lifeguard detection performance Applied Cognitive Psychology (IF 2.36) Pub Date : 2023-10-12 Benjamin T. Sharpe, Marcus S. Smith, Steven C. R. Williams, Adam Hampshire, Maria Balaet, William Trender, Peter J. Hellyer, Jo Talbot, Jenny Smith
Two experiments aimed to determine whether working memory capacity (WMC) and high-order executive functions predict drown detection performance and maintenance under heightened task demands. Experiment 1 (n = 111) found a positive correlation between enhanced performance scores and higher WMC, while executive function showed no comparable association. Experiment 2 (n = 28) individuals with elevated
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The effect of retrieval practice on fluently retrieving multiplication facts in an authentic elementary school setting Applied Cognitive Psychology (IF 2.36) Pub Date : 2023-10-09 Fieke H. A. Ophuis-Cox, Leen Catrysse, Gino Camp
Fluently retrieving simple multiplication facts leads to an improvement of overall math scores. In the current study, we investigated how to best reach this fluency in an authentic elementary school setting. We compared the short-term and long-term effects of the learning strategies retrieval practice (using flashcards) to a restudy control condition (chanting multiplication facts out loud) on multiplication
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Memory and metamemory in everyday settings: Assessing recall, recognition, and naming using car brand logos Applied Cognitive Psychology (IF 2.36) Pub Date : 2023-10-08 Julia Mayas, Antonio Prieto, Pedro R. Montoro
Previous research on incidental memory in everyday settings has shown that frequent exposure to stimuli does not guarantee accurate representation in memory. In two studies, we explored the memory and metamemory of car brand logos using recall (drawing) and recognition tasks (Study 1) or a naming task (Study 2). The results showed that memory accuracy for logos was modest in the recall and recognition
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Perpetually preoccupied: Applying interference framework to understand the effects of smartphone use and vibrations on an academic task Applied Cognitive Psychology (IF 2.36) Pub Date : 2023-09-26 Kathryn J. O'Toole
Smartphones are useful—albeit disruptive—devices. Cognitive control research conceptualizes smartphone disruption as external interference. Actively using a smartphone and hearing smartphone notifications while trying to accomplish a goal can impair performance. In the current project, performance was compared across these contexts. Participants were presented with reading passages and retention was
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Are there metacognitive benefits of learner- and instructor-generated visualizations? Applied Cognitive Psychology (IF 2.36) Pub Date : 2023-09-16 Logan Fiorella, Allison J. Jaeger
This study explored how different formats of instructional visuals affect the accuracy of students' metacognitive judgments. Undergraduates (n = 133) studied a series of five biology texts and made judgments of learning. Students were assigned randomly to study the texts only (text only), study the texts with provided visuals (provided visuals group), study the texts and generate their own visuals
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To believe or not to believe: Personality, cognitive, and emotional factors involving fake news perceived accuracy Applied Cognitive Psychology (IF 2.36) Pub Date : 2023-09-15 Alessandro Taurino, Maria Hedwig Colucci, Morena Bottalico, Tamara Patrizia Franco, Giuseppe Volpe, Mariagrazia Violante, Ignazio Grattagliano, Domenico Laera
What are the factors that influence individuals' belief in fake news? A structured survey was conducted to examine the impact of cognitive, emotional, and personality factors on the perceived accuracy of fake news. This study utilizes certain facets of the Personality Inventory of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (PID-5-Adult trait) to investigate the phenomenon of fake news
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Developmental trajectories of number line estimations in math anxiety: Evidence from bounded and unbounded number line estimation Applied Cognitive Psychology (IF 2.36) Pub Date : 2023-09-15 Sarit Ashkenazi, Nitzan Cohen
Mathematical anxiety (MA) is a feeling of tension and anxiety that interferes with the manipulation of numbers and the solution of mathematical problems. Past studies have shown that high MA individuals experience difficulties at different levels and domains of mathematics, and that MA results from weakness in spatial abilities, subsequent to deficits in basic numerical abilities. Hence, the main goal
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You won't believe it! Truth judgments for clickbait headlines benefit (but less so) from prior exposure Applied Cognitive Psychology (IF 2.36) Pub Date : 2023-09-13 Jérémy Béna, Martin Rouard, Olivier Corneille
In two high-powered experiments, we investigated how prior exposure to statements presented in a clickbait format increases the perceived truth of their content. In Experiment 1 (N = 241), we hypothesized and found that prior exposure increased the proportion of “true” judgments for both non-clickbait and clickbait content, but with a reduced effect of prior exposure for statements originally presented
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I will keep your memory! Reasons for remembering lost loved ones Applied Cognitive Psychology (IF 2.36) Pub Date : 2023-09-12 Justina Pociunaite, Tabea Wolf
Remembering the lost loved one is an integral part of bereavement process. While we know from prior research that memories in general are used for specific reasons (e.g., for identity processes or within social relationships), it is unclear for what reasons people remember their lost loved ones. Based on previous literature, we assumed that memory emotionality and bereavement reaction are associated
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Assessing the truthfulness of security and defence news in Central and Eastern Europe: The role of cognitive style and the promise of epistemic sophistication Applied Cognitive Psychology (IF 2.36) Pub Date : 2023-09-12 Marinel-Adi Mustață, Ivona Răpan, Lucian Dumitrescu, Hristina Dobreva, Petko Dimov, Andrzej Lis, Eva Révayová, Vasile Marineanu, Ruxandra Buluc, Cosmin Olariu, Alexandru Lucinescu, Cosmin Buță
In this study, we sought to determine whether findings associating cognitive style with news evaluation can be generalized within a Central and Eastern European (CEE) context. We examined the relevance of actively open-minded thinking, need for cognition, analyticity, and dogmatism in determining the truthfulness of security and defence news headlines. Drawing from a sample of 500 participants from
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Wisdom of the inner crowd benefits both face and voice matching Applied Cognitive Psychology (IF 2.36) Pub Date : 2023-09-11 Robin S. S. Kramer, Emily Flanagan, Alex L. Jones, Georgina Gous
Identification often involves determining whether two face photographs or voice samples originated from the same person. Here, we investigated the wisdom of the (outer) crowd (averaging two individuals' responses to the same trial) and inner crowd (averaging the same individual's responses to the same trial after completing the test twice) as routes to increased performance. Participants completed
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The relationship between anxiety and cognitive emotion regulation strategies: A meta-analysis Applied Cognitive Psychology (IF 2.36) Pub Date : 2023-09-11 Yujia Yao, Jingquan Chen, Yuyang Xuan
Previous studies have shown the correlation between anxiety and cognitive emotion regulation strategies, but they have not distinguished between state anxiety and trait anxiety. Thus, we systematically investigated the relationships among strategies, state/trait anxiety and their influencing factors by meta-analysis. A total of 53 original studies were included, with a total of 33,165 participants
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Impact of decorative pictures in learning materials: The effect of attention-grabbing features Applied Cognitive Psychology (IF 2.36) Pub Date : 2023-09-06 Aiko Morita, Izumi Fukuya
Decorative pictures have been shown to be detrimental to multimedia learning. This study aims to determine whether a decorative picture is detrimental only when it is attention-grabbing. In Experiment 1, we presented the participants with learning materials containing a decorative picture and asked them to rate the extent to which the picture was attention-grabbing. We systematically manipulated the
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Interventions to reduce the negative consequences of interruptions on task performance and individual differences in working memory capacity Applied Cognitive Psychology (IF 2.36) Pub Date : 2023-08-29 Han Zhang, Tomoya Kawashima, Kazumitsu Shinohara
The current study aimed to investigate whether individual differences in working memory capacity (WMC) are associated with differences in the subsequent task performance and whether intervention (interruption onset management) can reduce the negative effects of interruption. Experiment 1 compared task performances before and after interruptions and examined their relationship with WMC. The findings