-
Hybrid Interpersonal Violence in Latin America: Patterns and Causes Annual Review of Criminology (IF 6.026) Pub Date : 2024-01-26 Abigail Weitzman, Mónica Caudillo, Eldad J. Levy
In this review, we argue that to understand patterns and causes of violence in contemporary Latin America, we must explicitly consider when violence takes on interpersonal qualities. We begin by reviewing prominent definitions and measurements of interpersonal violence. We then detail the proliferation of interlocking sources of regional insecurity, including gender-based violence, gangs, narcotrafficking
-
Cultural Criminology: A Retrospective and Prospective Review Annual Review of Criminology (IF 6.026) Pub Date : 2024-01-26 Lynn S. Chancer
This review looks at the main ideas that have animated cultural criminology in the past while suggesting new directions the perspective might follow going forward. It discusses early definitions and subject matters; the historical contexts within which cultural criminology was initially welcomed; and cultural criminology's special emphasis on the importance of studying emotions as well as rationality
-
Parental Legal Culpability in Youth Offending Annual Review of Criminology (IF 6.026) Pub Date : 2023-09-18 Colleen Sbeglia, Imani Randolph, Caitlin Cavanagh, Elizabeth Cauffman
When youth commit crimes, their parents may be held legally responsible for their actions. Parental legal culpability laws were developed to ensure justice for victims of crime but also deter juvenile delinquency. However, it is unclear if parental culpability has these desired effects or if it instead contributes to disparities that already exist in the justice system. This review provides a psychological
-
Joan Petersilia: A Life and Legacy of Academic and Practical Impact Annual Review of Criminology (IF 6.026) Pub Date : 2023-09-14 Jodi Lane
This review focuses on the life and career of Joan Petersilia, one of the most important corrections scholars of the past fifty years. The article discusses her formative years, her career spanning from college through her final appointment at Stanford Law School, her major research projects, and her impact on policy, practice, and the academic field of criminology. For more than forty years, Joan
-
Group Threat and Social Control: Who, What, Where, and When Annual Review of Criminology (IF 6.026) Pub Date : 2023-09-08 Matt Vogel, Steven F. Messner
Group threat theory has stimulated an impressive number of studies over the course of the past several decades. Our review takes stock of this literature, focusing on core issues of concern to the criminological community. We begin by documenting the theoretical origins of group threat theory and discussing the early research informed by the theory. We then highlight the ways in which criminologists
-
Desistance as an Intergenerational Process Annual Review of Criminology (IF 6.026) Pub Date : 2023-08-30 Christopher Wildeman, Robert J. Sampson
Nearly 35 years ago, Sampson and Laub popularized the concept of desistance from crime and isolated core factors that promote and inhibit this process. In this article, we introduce the concept of intergenerational desistance and provide guidance on measuring and explaining this process, encouraging researchers to think of the life-course of crime in terms of both individuals and generations. We first
-
Code of the Street 25 Years Later: Lasting Legacies, Empirical Status, and Future Directions Annual Review of Criminology (IF 6.026) Pub Date : 2023-08-30 Jamie J. Fader, Kenneth Sebastian León
This review, published on the twenty-fifth anniversary of the publication of Code of the Street (1999), considers the legacies of Elijah Anderson's groundbreaking analysis of the interactional rules for negotiating street violence within the context of racism and structural disadvantage in Philadelphia. Empirical testing has yielded substantial support for Code of the Street’s key arguments. In the
-
Stereotypes, Crime, and Policing Annual Review of Criminology (IF 6.026) Pub Date : 2023-08-30 Brendan O'Flaherty, Rajiv Sethi
Crime and policing activities routinely involve interactions between strangers and require the interacting parties to make highly consequential decisions under time pressure. Under such conditions, stereotypes based on visual or other cues can influence behavior. This review considers the role of stereotypes in shaping the manner in which such interactions proceed and the likelihood with which they
-
Clemency Annual Review of Criminology (IF 6.026) Pub Date : 2023-08-25 Rachel E. Barkow, Mark Osler
The federal government and most American states provide for some form of clemency that allows the president or the governor to reduce a sentence or pardon a conviction. Although most US presidents and some governors have made great use of this power in the past, it has long been in decline. Diagnosing the reasons for this decline proves easier than providing solutions to reinvigorate this practice
-
How Does Structural Racism Operate (in) the Contemporary US Criminal Justice System? Annual Review of Criminology (IF 6.026) Pub Date : 2023-08-16 Hedwig Lee
I describe how cultural and structural racism operate the entire contemporary American criminal justice system via five features: devaluation of certain human lives, ubiquitous adaptation, networked structure, perceived neutrality, and temporal amnesia. I draw from specific historical and contemporary examples in policing, courts, and corrections to further emphasize the foundational nature of racism
-
History, Linked Lives, Timing, and Agency: New Directions in Developmental and Life-Course Perspective on Gangs Annual Review of Criminology (IF 6.026) Pub Date : 2023-08-16 David C. Pyrooz, John Leverso, Jose Antonio Sanchez, James A. Densley
For more than three decades, developmental and life-course criminology has been a source of theoretical advancement, methodological innovation, and policy and practice guidance, bringing breadth and depth even to well-established areas of study, such as gangs. This review demonstrates how the developmental and life-course perspective on gangs can be further extended and better integrated within broader
-
Challenges and Prospects for Evidence-Informed Policy in Criminology Annual Review of Criminology (IF 6.026) Pub Date : 2023-08-16 Thomas G. Blomberg, Jennifer E. Copp, Jillian J. Turanovic
The relevance of criminology to matters of public policy has been hotly debated throughout the history of the discipline. Yet time and again, we have borne witness to the consequences of harmful criminal justice practices that do little to reduce crime or improve the lives of our most vulnerable populations. Given the urgent need for evidence-informed responses to the problems that face our society
-
Terrorism, Political Extremism, and Crime and Criminal Justice Annual Review of Criminology (IF 6.026) Pub Date : 2023-08-08 Joshua D. Freilich, Steven M. Chermak, Rachael A. Arietti, Noah D. Turner
This review focuses on terrorism and extremist crimes, including ideologically motivated hate crimes. Research on these topics has become more rigorous in recent decades, and more scholars have engaged in original data collection. Our assessment found a burgeoning literature that increasingly includes the application of integrated theories, but gaps remain as few studies examine life-course and critical
-
Punishment in Modern Societies: The Prevalence and Causes of Incarceration Around the World Annual Review of Criminology (IF 6.026) Pub Date : 2023-08-08 John Clegg, Sebastian Spitz, Adaner Usmani, Annalena Wolcke
The literature on the prevalence and causes of punishment has been dominated by research into the United States. Yet most of the world's prisoners live elsewhere, and the United States is no longer the country with the world's highest incarceration rate. This article considers what we know about the prevalence and causes of incarceration around the world. We focus on three features of incarceration:
-
Homelessness, Offending, Victimization, and Criminal Legal System Contact Annual Review of Criminology (IF 6.026) Pub Date : 2023-07-25 Bill McCarthy, John Hagan
There is now a sizable literature on connections between homelessness, crime, and criminal legal system contact. We review studies on these relationships, focusing mostly on links between the adversity that often characterizes homelessness—the need for shelter, food, and income—and offending, victimization, and involvement with the criminal legal system. We concentrate on multivariate studies from
-
The Transformative Potential of Restorative Justice: What the Mainstream Can Learn from the Margins Annual Review of Criminology (IF 6.026) Pub Date : 2023-07-25 Meredith Rossner, Helen Taylor
Restorative justice is an idea and a practice that has had a significant impact on criminology over the past four decades and has proliferated throughout the criminal justice system. Yet from the beginning of this movement, there have been worries that the mainstreaming of restorative justice will lead to its dilution, or even corruption, and undermine its transformative potential. Developing alongside
-
Responding to the Trauma That Is Endemic to the Criminal Legal System: Many Opportunities for Juvenile Prevention, Intervention, and Rehabilitation Annual Review of Criminology (IF 6.026) Pub Date : 2023-07-14 Micere Keels
There is increasing pressure for the juvenile criminal legal system to address trauma; this is in response to advances in the science of trauma and adversity, evidence from interventions showing promising outcomes for juveniles coping with trauma, and development of systemic frameworks for providing trauma-informed care. This review details how exposure to potentially traumatic events can create primary
-
The Structure and Operation of the Transgender Criminal Legal System Nexus in the United States: Inequalities, Administrative Violence, and Injustice at Every Turn Annual Review of Criminology (IF 6.026) Pub Date : 2023-07-14 Valerie Jenness, Alexis Rowland
A growing body of research reveals that transgender people are disproportionately in contact with the criminal legal system, wherein they experience considerable discrimination, violence, and other harms. To better understand transgender people's involvement in this system, this article synthesizes research from criminology, transgender studies, and related fields as well as empirical findings produced
-
The Sixty-Year Trajectory of Homicide Clearance Rates: Toward a Better Understanding of the Great Decline Annual Review of Criminology (IF 6.026) Pub Date : 2023-07-14 Philip J. Cook, Ashley Mancik
In 1962, the FBI reported a national homicide clearance rate of 93%. That rate dropped 29 points by 1994. This Great Decline has been studied and accepted as a real phenomenon but remains mysterious, as does the period of relative stability that followed. The decline was shared across regions and all city sizes but differed greatly among categories defined by victim race and weapon type. Gun homicides
-
LatCrit and Criminology: Toward a Theoretical Understanding of Latino/a/x Crime and Criminal Legal System Involvement Annual Review of Criminology (IF 6.026) Pub Date : 2023-01-27 María B. Vélez, Anthony A. Peguero
An important body of work documents how race matters for the patterning of crime and criminal legal system involvement largely by focusing on comparisons between Blacks and Whites. We build on this vital scholarship by spotlighting Latino/a/xs, a fast-growing group that is the United States’ largest racial minority, to broaden the field's understanding of race and crime. In this review, we follow race
-
COVID-19 in Carceral Systems: A Review Annual Review of Criminology (IF 6.026) Pub Date : 2022-10-21 Lisa B. Puglisi, Lauren Brinkley-Rubinstein, Emily A. Wang
As with past pandemics of influenza, COVID-19 tore through US prisons and jails; however, the COVID-19 pandemic, uniquely, has led to more health research on carceral systems than has been seen to date. Herein, we review the data on its impact on incarcerated people, correctional officers, health systems, and surrounding communities. We searched medical, sociological, and criminology databases from
-
Trauma and Prospects for Reentry Annual Review of Criminology (IF 6.026) Pub Date : 2022-09-28 Carrie A. Pettus
Trauma is an almost universal experience for those with incarceration histories. Lifetime traumatic experiences begin in childhood, continue in adulthood, and persist during and after incarceration. For centuries, the capacity for trauma to have a deleterious impact on social, mental, and biological functioning has been a topic of inquiry, and for years empirical work has connected trauma to crime
-
The Current Crisis of American Criminal Justice: A Structural Analysis Annual Review of Criminology (IF 6.026) Pub Date : 2022-09-28 David Garland
This review situates the recent, radical challenges to American criminal justice—calls to end mass incarceration, defund the police, and dismantle systemic racism—within the broader social and economic arrangements that make the US system so distinctive and so problematic. It describes the social structures, institutions, and processes that give rise to America's extraordinary penal state—as well as
-
A Review and Analysis of the Impact of Homicide Measurement on Cross-National Research Annual Review of Criminology (IF 6.026) Pub Date : 2022-09-21 Meghan L. Rogers, William Alex Pridemore
The number of cross-national homicide studies is increasing rapidly. Many scholars, however, do not consider the details of how individual nations and the four main centralized homicide data sources—raw estimates from the World Health Organization (WHO) Mortality Database, adjusted estimates from the WHO Global Health Observatory, United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, and World Bank World Development
-
Exceptionally Lethal: American Police Killings in a Comparative Perspective Annual Review of Criminology (IF 6.026) Pub Date : 2022-09-15 Paul J. Hirschfield
Police in the United States stand out in the developed world for their reliance on deadly force. Other nations in the Americas, however, feature higher or similar levels of fatal police violence (FPV). Cross-national comparative analyses can help identify stable and malleable factors that distinguish high-FPV from low-FPV countries. Two factors that clearly stand out among high-FPV nations are elevated
-
Can Conservative Criminal Justice Reform Survive a Rise in Crime? Annual Review of Criminology (IF 6.026) Pub Date : 2022-09-13 Arthur L. Rizer
Over the past 20 years, conservatives have often been at the forefront of criminal justice reform efforts, including to reduce mandatory minimum sentencing, lengthy prison terms, and excessive criminal fines and fees and to improve conditions in prisons and jails. Rejecting the Nixonian “law and order” impulse, criminal justice reform has increasingly become incorporated into the conservative political
-
Police Unionism, Accountability, and Misconduct Annual Review of Criminology (IF 6.026) Pub Date : 2022-09-07 Abdul Nasser Rad, David S. Kirk, William P. Jones
Recent discussions of police violence in the United States and the corresponding lack of accountability have shone a light on a highly debated agent opposing police reform—police unions. Although police unionism continues to be an understudied area, a recent wave of empirical investigations, both qualitative and quantitative, have contributed to a nascent understanding of the ways in which police union
-
The Opioid Crisis: The War on Drugs Is Over. Long Live the War on Drugs Annual Review of Criminology (IF 6.026) Pub Date : 2022-09-07 Marie Gottschalk
A closer examination of media coverage, the response of law enforcement and policy makers, the legislative record, and the availability of proven, high-quality treatments for substance abuse casts doubt on claims that the country pivoted toward public health and harm-reduction strategies to address the opioid crisis because its victims were disproportionately white people. Law enforcement solutions
-
Expanded Criminal Defense Lawyering Annual Review of Criminology (IF 6.026) Pub Date : 2022-09-03 Ronald Wright, Jenny Roberts
This review collects and critiques the academic literature on criminal defense lawyering, with an emphasis on empirical work. Research on criminal defense attorneys in the United States has traditionally emphasized scarcity of resources: too many people facing criminal charges who are “too poor to pay” for counsel and not enough funding to pay for the constitutionally mandated lawyers. Scholars have
-
Addressing Hate Crime in the 21st Century: Trends, Threats, and Opportunities for Intervention Annual Review of Criminology (IF 6.026) Pub Date : 2022-09-03 Amy Farrell, Sarah Lockwood
Hate crimes, often referred to as bias-motivated crimes, have garnered greater public attention and concern as political rhetoric in the United States and internationally has promoted the exclusion of people based on their group identity. This review examines what we know about the trends in hate crime behavior and the legal responses to this problem across four main domains. First, we describe the
-
Surveillance Technologies and Constitutional Law Annual Review of Criminology (IF 6.026) Pub Date : 2022-09-03 Christopher Slobogin, Sarah Brayne
This review focuses on government use of technology to observe, collect, or record potential criminal activity in real-time, as contrasted with “transaction surveillance” that involves government efforts to access already-existing records and exploit Big Data, topics that have been the focus of previous reviews (Brayne 2018, Ridgeway 2018). Even so limited, surveillance technologies come in many guises
-
Trends in Women's Incarceration Rates in US Prisons and Jails: A Tale of Inequalities Annual Review of Criminology (IF 6.026) Pub Date : 2022-09-02 Karen Heimer, Sarah E. Malone, Stacy De Coster
Women's rates of imprisonment and incarceration in jails grew faster than men's rates during the prison boom in the United States. Even during the recent period of modest decline in incarceration, women's rates have decreased less than men's rates. The number of women in prisons and jails in the United States is now at a historic high. Yet research on mass incarceration most often ignores women's imprisonment
-
Police Observational Research in the Twenty-First Century Annual Review of Criminology (IF 6.026) Pub Date : 2022-08-27 Rod K. Brunson, Ayanna Miller
The often-clandestine inner workings of the policing profession have been of considerable interest to scholars, policy makers, social justice activists, and everyday citizens. Technological innovations such as body-worn cameras, smartphones, and social media have allowed for increased public scrutiny of how officers carry out their duties. Recently, there has been intensified interest in the role of
-
Far-Right and Jihadi Terrorism Within the United States: From September 11th to January 6th Annual Review of Criminology (IF 6.026) Pub Date : 2022-08-17 Laura Dugan, Daren Fisher
As tens of thousands swarmed the US Capitol Grounds on January 6th, 2021, to oppose the election of Joe Biden as President, thousands among them assaulted officers and breached the building to stop the certification of the election results, leading to nine deaths and hundreds of injuries. Despite being an act of terrorism and evidence that far-right extremists planned to take over the government, some
-
The Role of Victim Advocacy in Criminal Justice Reform in England and Wales Annual Review of Criminology (IF 6.026) Pub Date : 2022-08-17 Paul Rock
The victims of volume crime in England and Wales are aided by a major institution, Victim Support, but their voices are rarely heard when policy matters are discussed. Many victims of traumatic crimes are organized and purposeful, but they have not come together into a united front. It is the English and Welsh groups supporting abused women, groups amounting to a social movement, that have made the
-
Beyond Predatory Peace Annual Review of Criminology (IF 6.026) Pub Date : 2022-08-17 John Braithwaite
This autobiographical review is about a research life unusually oriented to the long-term study of organizational crime, peace, and crisis prevention. Most ambitions proved half-baked. Hopes for a more sweeping macrocriminology of freedom will doubtless remain half-baked when cooking ceases. None of the author's mentors bear responsibility for the mess left in the kitchen from attempts to understand
-
How Little Supervision Can We Have? Annual Review of Criminology (IF 6.026) Pub Date : 2022-08-08 Evangeline Lopoo, Vincent Schiraldi, Timothy Ittner
Use of probation and parole has declined since its peak in 2007 but still intrudes into the lives of 3.9 million Americans at a scale deemed mass supervision. Originally intended as an alternative to incarceration and a means of rehabilitation for those who have committed crimes, supervision often functions as a trip wire for further criminal legal system contact. This review questions the utility
-
Revitalizing Ethnographic Studies of Immigration and Crime Annual Review of Criminology (IF 6.026) Pub Date : 2022-08-02 Amarat Zaatut, Stephanie M. DiPietro
Ethnographic studies of immigration and crime were prominent in the early decades of the twentieth century, yet contemporary scholarship has been dominated by quantitative approaches. In this review, we heed the call of those who have lamented the “collective amnesia” and “newness fetish” that characterize much of contemporary criminology and revisit classic ethnographies of immigration and crime,
-
Carjacking: Scope, Structure, Process, and Prevention Annual Review of Criminology (IF 6.026) Pub Date : 2022-08-02 Bruce A. Jacobs, Michael Cherbonneau
Carjacking is a violent crime with a broad motivational landscape related to the unique opportunities that a motor vehicle, as the item targeted, makes available to offenders once it is stolen. Although carjacking is technically a form of robbery, carjacking is a hybrid offense because it draws from elements of both regular robbery and motor vehicle theft. Nuanced in its etiology and expression, carjacking
-
Renewing Historical Criminology: Scope, Significance, and Future Directions Annual Review of Criminology (IF 6.026) Pub Date : 2022-07-29 Iain Channing, David Churchill, Henry Yeomans
Recent years have seen increasing interest in, and scholarly discussion of, historical criminology. Yet there remains at present no clear, settled view as to what historical criminology entails, how it is best pursued, and what its future might hold. This article explores the several conceptions of historical criminology found in the present literature, which associate it variously with archival research
-
Six Questions About Overcriminalization Annual Review of Criminology (IF 6.026) Pub Date : 2022-07-25 Douglas Husak
The allegation that criminal justice systems (and that of the United States in particular) have become guilty of overcriminalization is widely accepted by academics and practitioners on nearly all points along the political spectrum ( Dillon 2012 ). Many commentators respond by recommending that states decriminalize given kinds of conduct that supposedly exemplify the problem. I urge those who are
-
Assessing the Impact of the Violence Against Women Act Annual Review of Criminology (IF 6.026) Pub Date : 2022-01-13 Leigh Goodmark
The Violence Against Women Act (VAWA) has been hailed as the federal government's signature legislation responding to gender-based violence. VAWA, passed in 1994 and reauthorized three times since then, has created several new programs and protections for victims of gender-based violence. VAWA is, however, primarily a funding bill and what it primarily funds is the criminal legal system. But the criminal
-
Don't Call It a Comeback: The Criminological and Sociological Study of Subfelonies Annual Review of Criminology (IF 6.026) Pub Date : 2022-01-13 Issa Kohler-Hausmann
After featuring prominently in early law and society research, the study of subfelony enforcement and processing was largely eclipsed by the study of mass incarceration. Of late, the subject matter has enjoyed a resurgence. This review addresses what things might be included in a study of subfelonies, what aspects about them researchers have studied, and why it might be theoretically interesting to
-
Gang Research in the Twenty-First Century Annual Review of Criminology (IF 6.026) Pub Date : 2022-01-13 Caylin Louis Moore,Forrest Stuart
For nearly a century, gang scholarship has remained foundational to criminological theory and method. Twenty-first-century scholarship continues to refine and, in some cases, supplant long-held axioms about gang formation, organization, and behavior. Recent advances can be traced to shifts in the empirical social reality and conditions within which gangs exist and act. We draw out this relationship—between
-
Analytic Criminology: Mechanisms and Methods in the Explanation of Crime and its Causes Annual Review of Criminology (IF 6.026) Pub Date : 2022-01-13 Per-Olof H. Wikström,Clemens Kroneberg
Criminology is a smorgasbord of disparate theory and poorly integrated research findings. Theories tend to focus either on people's crime propensity or the criminogenic inducements of environments; rarely are these two main approaches effectively combined in the analysis of crime and its causes. Criminological research often either avoids questions of causation and explanation (e.g., risk factor approach)
-
The Meaning of the Victim–Offender Overlap for Criminological Theory and Crime Prevention Policy Annual Review of Criminology (IF 6.026) Pub Date : 2022-01-13 Mark T. Berg,Christopher J. Schreck
Criminological theory developed without an expectation of a victim–offender overlap. Among most crime theorists and policymakers, to solve crime it is necessary to solve the criminal offender. Modern choice theories took a different view by evolving from victim data, treating target vulnerability as essential to the criminal act and with full awareness of the overlap. Here, we discuss the emphasis
-
The Slow Violence of Contemporary Policing Annual Review of Criminology (IF 6.026) Pub Date : 2022-01-13 Rory Kramer,Brianna Remster
An estimated 61.5 million Americans encounter police annually and more than one million are threatened or subjected to police use of force during these encounters. Much research exists on the efficacy for crime control of the policing practices that produce those encounters, but outside of formal consequences such as incarceration, the criminology of police harms has been slower to emerge. In this
-
The Centrality of Child Maltreatment to Criminology Annual Review of Criminology (IF 6.026) Pub Date : 2022-01-13 Sarah A. Font,Reeve Kennedy
Despite sufficient evidence to conclude that maltreatment exposure affects the risk of crime and delinquency, the magnitude and specificity of effects of child maltreatment on crime and delinquency and the mechanisms through which those effects operate remain poorly identified. Key challenges include insufficient attention to the overlap of child maltreatment with various forms of family dysfunction
-
Making the Sentencing Case: Psychological and Neuroscientific Evidence for Expanding the Age of Youthful Offenders Annual Review of Criminology (IF 6.026) Pub Date : 2022-01-13 B.J. Casey,C. Simmons,L.H. Somerville,A. Baskin-Sommers
Youthful offenders convicted of serious crimes continue to be sentenced to death and life without parole in the United States based on legal arguments that cast them as incorrigible and permanent dangers to society. Yet psychological and neuroscientific evidence contradicts these arguments and unequivocally demonstrates significant changes in brain, behavior, and personality throughout the life course
-
The Failed Regulation and Oversight of American Prisons Annual Review of Criminology (IF 6.026) Pub Date : 2022-01-13 Sharon Dolovich
When the state incarcerates, it assumes an affirmative, non-negotiable obligation to keep people in prison safe and to provide for their basic needs. In the United States, the three branches of government—legislative, executive, and judicial—are in theory collectively responsible for making certain that this obligation is fulfilled. In practice, the checks and balances built into the system have failed
-
Bail and Pretrial Justice in the United States: A Field of Possibility Annual Review of Criminology (IF 6.026) Pub Date : 2022-01-13 Joshua Page, Christine S. Scott-Hayward
In this review of scholarship on bail and pretrial justice in the United States, we analyze how the field of bail operates (and why it operates as it does), focusing on its official and unofficial objectives, core assumptions and values, power dynamics, and technologies. The field, we argue, provides extensive opportunities for generating revenue and containing, controlling, and changing defendants
-
Toward Targeted Interventions: Examining the Science Behind Interventions for Youth Who Offend Annual Review of Criminology (IF 6.026) Pub Date : 2022-01-13 Arielle Baskin-Sommers,Shou-An Chang,Suzanne Estrada,Lena Chan
Youthful offending is a complex behavior that develops from an interaction between social experiences and individual differences in thinking patterns and emotional reactions favoring antisociality. The combination of factors associated with offending varies across individuals and influences the ways in which youth perceive, interpret, and respond to a wide range of experiences. Programs must consider
-
Green Criminology: Capitalism, Green Crime and Justice, and Environmental Destruction Annual Review of Criminology (IF 6.026) Pub Date : 2022-01-13 Michael J. Lynch,Michael A. Long
Green criminology has developed into a criminological subfield with a substantial literature. That literature is so vast that a single review cannot do it justice. This article examines the definition of green crime, the historical development of green criminology, some major areas of green criminological research, and potential future developments. Unlike traditional criminology with its focus on
-
Criminal Record Stigma and Surveillance in the Digital Age Annual Review of Criminology (IF 6.026) Pub Date : 2022-01-13 Sarah Esther Lageson
This review analyzes criminal record stigma and surveillance through the concept of digital punishment: the collection and widespread dissemination of personally identifiable data by the American criminal legal system and subsequent private actors. The analysis is organized into three parts: a descriptive account of the technological, legal, and social factors that have created mass criminal record
-
The Impact of Incarceration on Recidivism Annual Review of Criminology (IF 6.026) Pub Date : 2022-01-13 Charles E. Loeffler,Daniel S. Nagin
The US prison population stands at 1.43 million persons, with an additional 740,000 persons in local jails. Nearly all will eventually return to society. This review examines the available evidence on how the experience of incarceration is likely to impact the probability that formerly incarcerated individuals will reoffend. Our focus is on two types of studies, those based on the random assignments
-
Reflections on Six Decades of Research Annual Review of Criminology (IF 6.026) Pub Date : 2022-01-13 Delbert S. Elliott
A brief autobiographical history is presented covering my 57-year career as a criminologist. I begin with my early childhood experiences, growing up during World War II, my undergraduate and graduate school experiences, and my early career years at San Diego State University and the University of Colorado, Boulder. I then discuss two of the major themes in my research developed during these early career
-
The Justice Department's Pattern-or-Practice Police Reform Program, 1994–2017: Goals, Achievements, and Issues Annual Review of Criminology (IF 6.026) Pub Date : 2022-01-13 Samuel Walker
The Department of Justice's pattern-or-practice police reform program has been an unprecedented event in American policing, intervening in local and state law enforcement agencies as never before and requiring a sweeping package of reforms. The program has reached reform settlements with forty agencies, including twenty with judicially enforced consent decrees. Academic research on the program, however
-
Editors’ Introduction to Volume 4 Annual Review of Criminology (IF 6.026) Pub Date : 2021-01-13 Tracey L. Meares,Robert J. Sampson
-
Perspectives on Policing: Cynthia Lum Annual Review of Criminology (IF 6.026) Pub Date : 2021-01-13 Cynthia Lum
The Editorial Committee of the Annual Review of Criminology has launched a new section within the journal in which we invite one or more authors to write a more personal and yet scholarly article that puts forth their perspective on an important and timely topic. For Volume 4, we asked Dr. Cynthia Lum and Dr. Phillip Atiba Goff to provide their perspectives on policing. We hope our readers enjoy this
-
Perspectives on Policing: Phillip Atiba Goff Annual Review of Criminology (IF 6.026) Pub Date : 2021-01-13 Phillip Atiba Goff
The Editorial Committee of the Annual Review of Criminology has launched a new section within the journal in which we invite one or more authors to write a more personal and yet scholarly article that puts forth their perspective on an important and timely topic. For Volume 4, we asked Dr. Phillip Atiba Goff and Dr. Cynthia Lum to provide their perspectives on policing. We hope our readers enjoy this