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Knowledge, confidence, and practices of clinical associates in the management of mental illness. South African Journal of Psychiatry (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2023-10-26 Saiendhra V Moodley,Jacqueline Wolvaardt,Christoffel Grobler
Background Additional human resources are needed to provide mental health services in underserved areas in South Africa (SA). Clinical associates, the mid-level medical worker cadre in SA, could potentially be used to deliver these services. Aim The study explored the self-reported knowledge, confidence, and current practices of clinical associates related to mental health assessment and management
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Post-traumatic stress symptoms in mental healthcare workers during the COVID-19 outbreak. South African Journal of Psychiatry (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2023-10-24 Allison K Human,Nadira Vahed,Belinda Marais
Background In the context of disease outbreaks, healthcare workers are exposed to multiple physical and psychological stressors, which may result in severe mental health outcomes. Although existing literature explores this impact, it is focused on frontline workers, with limited evidence exploring the mental well-being of mental healthcare workers (MHCWs). Aim To explore post-traumatic stress symptoms
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Burnout in emergency department staff: The prevalence and barriers to intervention. South African Journal of Psychiatry (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2023-10-23 Reshen Naidoo,Renata Schoeman
Background Burnout impacts patient care and staff well-being. Emergency department (ED) staff are at an elevated risk for burnout. Despite an acceleration in burnout research due to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, there is limited data on the nature and prevalence of burnout in the South African emergency medicine setting. Aim This study determined the prevalence of burnout in ED
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Factors associated with longer hospital admission in elderly patients with major neurocognitive disorder. South African Journal of Psychiatry (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2023-10-23 Tarina Steenkamp,Paslius S Mazibuko,Carla Kotzé
Background Major neurocognitive disorder presents many challenges to patients, families and healthcare systems, especially when a patient requires admission to a psychiatric hospital. Aim To identify characteristics of older patients with major neurocognitive disorder at risk of prolonged admission in a psychiatric hospital. Setting A tertiary psychiatric hospital in Gauteng province, South Africa
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Caregiver burden among caregivers of children with autism spectrum disorder. South African Journal of Psychiatry (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2023-10-20 Karli van Niekerk,Venera Stancheva,Cornelia Smith
Background Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder with deficits in social communication and interaction, restricted and repetitive patterns of behaviour, interests and activities. Autism spectrum disorder is associated with multiple comorbidities. As a result, caregivers of children with ASD experience increased levels of burden and poor quality of life. However, there is a
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Clozapine monitoring at a specialised psychiatric hospital: A retrospective chart review. South African Journal of Psychiatry (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2023-10-20 Michelle V Daniels,Suvira Ramlall
Background Clozapine is the only Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and National Institute for Care and Excellence (NICE) approved drug for treatment-resistant schizophrenia (TRS). Its potentially life-threatening haematological side effects of neutropaenia and agranulocytosis mandate rigorous monitoring of neutrophil counts, presenting unique, Third-World population challenges. Aim To describe the
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Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: Insights into underfunding in the private healthcare sector in South Africa. South African Journal of Psychiatry (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2023-10-17 Johan J Botha,Renata Schoeman
Background Although the prevalence of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has remained stable, the number of patients diagnosed with ADHD has increased in recent years owing to increased awareness. Despite this increase, medical schemes in South Africa have not improved their funding models for this condition. Aim The study aimed to provide an account of the funding that medical schemes
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A case of schizophrenia refuting mind-body dualism. South African Journal of Psychiatry (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2023-09-29 Mohlalefi C Letuka,Tejil Morar
Introduction The case report depicts the complex interplay between mental and physical illness and contests the notion of mind-body dualism in medicine. It emphasises the importance of holistic management of patients and the misnomer of schizophrenia as a purely mental illness. Patient presentation Mr S is a 35-year-old male who presented to a South African specialist psychiatric hospital via the forensic
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Neurocognitive improvement in HIV-positive patients treated with dolutegravir-based regimens. South African Journal of Psychiatry (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2023-09-28 Janine Rodrigues,Karishma Lowton
Background Neurocognitive disorders due to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) remain highly prevalent, specifically mild forms despite effective antiretroviral therapy (ART). Dolutegravir-based regimens are the first line of treatment for adult HIV-positive patients. Controversies exist regarding the neurocognitive effects of dolutegravir. Evidence regarding the neurocognitive effects of dolutegravir
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Assessing the prevalence of psychotic symptoms in epileptic patients at a tertiary clinic. South African Journal of Psychiatry (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2023-09-11 Michelle M Hungwe,Karishma Lowton
Background The International League against Epilepsy (ILAE) defines epilepsy as a brain disorder characterised by an enduring risk to generate seizures with neurobiological, cognitive, psychological and social consequences. Psychotic disorders in epilepsy are a serious psychiatric complication affecting the prognosis, morbidity and mortality of patients. There is a paucity in literature with regard
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Routine investigations for patients with mental and behavioural disturbances. South African Journal of Psychiatry (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2023-08-31 Solomon M K K Jere,Candice Van Koningsbruggen,Mignon Du Toit,Clint Hendrikse
Background The process of medical clearance aims to exclude a general medical condition as an underlying cause for mental and behavioural disorders and involves routine screening with special investigations. Current evidence, however, suggests that clinician gestalt should guide the need for special investigations and that there is no benefit to routine screening. Aim This study aimed to determine
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Psychosocial effects of gender-based violence among women in Vhembe district: A qualitative study. South African Journal of Psychiatry (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2023-08-22 Rodney Rikhotso,Thinavhuyo R Netangaheni,Nongiwe L Mhlanga
Background The phenomenon of gender-based violence is a pertinent social problem in South Africa. The fear of reporting gender-based violence contributes to its continuation, marginalisation and silencing of victims. Objectives The study sought to explore the psychosocial effects of gender-based violence among women in Vhembe district. Methods An exploratory phenomenological research design was used
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Assessing HIV transmission knowledge in psychiatric patients in Johannesburg, South Africa. South African Journal of Psychiatry (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2023-06-30 Hangwani J Matodzi,Karishma Lowton,Prinesh Miseer
Background The bidirectional relationship between human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and psychiatric illnesses is well documented. Misinformation about HIV transmission and prevention is associated with high rates of HIV-related risky behaviours, and therefore, HIV infection risk. Aim To assess basic HIV transmission knowledge in psychiatric patients. Setting Outpatient psychiatric clinic at Tara Psychiatric
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Predictors of burnout among resident doctors in a Nigerian teaching hospital. South African Journal of Psychiatry (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2023-06-29 Mumeen O Salihu,Alfred B Makanjuola,Olatunji A Abiodun,Amudalat T Kuranga
Background Burnout is a psychological syndrome resulting from exposure to chronic work-related stress. There are, however, a few works of literature on burnout among trainee doctors in Nigeria. Aim To determine the prevalence of burnout and its predictors among resident doctors across 16 medical specialties and/or subspecialties. Setting The University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital (UITH), Ilorin, Nigeria
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Positive mental health of patients at a psychiatric hospital, Gauteng province, South Africa. South African Journal of Psychiatry (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2023-06-23 Satya Sai Ram Kumar Gulla,Elvera Helberg,Rajesh Vikram Vagiri
Background Positive mental health (PMH) forms the basis of well-being and positive mind set, which includes a range of cognitive-emotional attributes and coping skills of an individual towards the family and society. Assessment of PMH in psychiatric patients is critical in understanding their needs, improving mental health and the treatment of their illnesses. Aim To investigate the levels of PMH among
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Costs of adult functional neurological disorders at a tertiary hospital in central South Africa. South African Journal of Psychiatry (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2023-06-20 Leonriche L C Christopher,Paul J Pretorius,Anand Moodley,Gina Joubert,Tracy Arendse
Background Functional neurological disorders (FND) lead to increased care requirements and costs, negatively impacting healthcare budgets. Healthcare expenditure in FND has escalated beyond other neurologic disorders during the past decade. Objectives To assess inpatient costs in adults admitted to the neurology ward at Universitas Academic Hospital (UAH) in central South Africa. Methods A retrospective
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Prevalence of depression, anxiety and burnout in medical students at the University of Namibia. South African Journal of Psychiatry (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2023-05-31 Nelao T Mhata,Vuyokazi Ntlantsana,Andrew M Tomita,Kissah Mwambene,Shamima Saloojee
Background There is an increased prevalence of depression, anxiety, and burnout among medical students worldwide with no information from Namibia. Aim This study aimed to determine the prevalence and factors associated with depression, anxiety, and burnout among medical students at the University of Namibia (UNAM). Methods A quantitative descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted utilising a
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Preparedness of final year medical students in caring for lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender patients with mental illness. South African Journal of Psychiatry (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2023-04-28 Ahmed Badat,Sanushka Moodley,Laila Paruk
Background Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) individuals have a higher prevalence of mental illness compared to the general population. Discriminatory behaviour from mental health care providers impedes access to culturally competent mental health care. Undergraduate psychiatry education plays an important role in adequately preparing medical doctors to care for mental illness in LGBT
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Clozapine use at a specialised psychiatric hospital in Johannesburg. South African Journal of Psychiatry (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2023-04-04 Katherine L Ord,Belinda Marais
Background Clozapine is the gold standard medication for treatment-resistant psychosis, with robust evidence supporting its efficacy in multiple symptom domains. However, clozapine's side effect profile contributes to its underutilisation and discontinuation. Aim This study aimed to explore the magnitude of clozapine use and describe factors that impact on its effective use among in-patients. Setting
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Assessing attitudes of fourth year medical students towards psychiatry and mental illness. South African Journal of Psychiatry (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2023-03-31 Stacey L Ochse,Karishma Lowton
Background Research revealed a high prevalence of negative attitudes towards psychiatry and mental illness among medical students prior to formal psychiatric education. Anti-stigma interventions at the medical student level have been postulated to reduce the risk of negative attitudes, which may drive stigmatization impacting recruitment into training posts and overall medical care. Aim To determine
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South Africa's Psychiatric training capacity in 2008 and in 2018. Has training capacity improved? South African Journal of Psychiatry (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2023-03-30 Natalie Beath,Ugasvaree Subramaney,Zukiswa Zingela,Bonginkosi Chiliza,John A Joska,Carla Kotzé,Suvra Ramlall,Soraya Seedat
Background There is a deficit of psychiatrists in South Africa, and to our knowledge, there is no situational analysis of training posts for psychiatrists in the country. Aim To compare the number of specialists and subspecialists in training and training posts available in 2008 and 2018. Setting South African medical schools with departments of psychiatry. Methods A situational analysis involving
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Psychiatric morbidity in children involved in bullying treated at the Free State Psychiatric Complex. South African Journal of Psychiatry (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2023-03-30 Mosa Masakala,Matieho Mofokeng,Amanda Muchocho,Siphesihle Sibisi,Johan le Roux,Helene le Roux,Gina Joubert
Background Bullying is a multifaceted problem with many consequences. Aim This study aimed to determine the psychiatric morbidity of children involved in bullying, either as bullies or victims, treated at the Child and Adolescent Mental Health Care Centre of the Free State Psychiatric Complex (FSPC). Setting Free State Psychiatric Complex, Bloemfontein, South Africa. Methods This retrospective cross-sectional
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Effects of personality traits on mindful self-care practices of healthcare workers. South African Journal of Psychiatry (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2023-03-29 Iram Osman,Veena S Singaram
Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) placed healthcare professionals (HCPs) at a higher risk for stress-related conditions. Implementing a brief online mindfulness-based intervention (MBI) was hypothesised to transform the HCPs' ability to cope with stress by enhancing their self-care. Aim This study aimed to explore the impact of an online MBI on HCPs' self-care practices and determine if
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Development and validation of the Redeemer's University Suicidality Scale. South African Journal of Psychiatry (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2023-03-29 Bede C Akpunne,Ebenezer O Akinnawo,Abayomi O Olusa,Daniel O Kumuyi
Background The need for a culturally suitable scale for suicidality within the multilingual Nigerian society necessitated this research interest. Aim The study is a development and validation of the Redeemer's University Suicidality Scale (RUSS). Setting South western Nigeria. Methods This comprised of initial generation of items; face and content validity, item refinement and administration of RUSS
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Illness-perception in adolescent attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: A qualitative study. South African Journal of Psychiatry (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2023-03-28 Wanita Botha,Deborah van der Westhuizen
Background Adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) experience aspects of their lives in diverse ways. They often have more energy and creativity which are positive traits of ADHD, while their inability to control their actions in academic or social spheres may cause feelings of inadequacy. Aim To explore illness-perception, including emotional experiences, in adolescent ADHD
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Study of burnout and depressive symptoms in doctors at a central level, state hospital. South African Journal of Psychiatry (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2023-02-28 Ariefdien Nazeema,Karishma Lowton,Zenaida Tenea,Ani Anic,Preethi Jayrajh
Background Doctors are at high risk of burnout, which has far-reaching consequences on an individual and organisational level. Several studies have shown an association between burnout and depression. Aim This study aimed to determine the rate of burnout and depressive symptoms among doctors, as well as factors associated with both conditions. Setting Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital
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Lived experiences of adolescents admitted for first-episode psychosis in South Africa. South African Journal of Psychiatry (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2023-02-28 Luzuko Magula,Anusha Lachman,Rizwana Roomaney
Background First-episode psychosis is common in adolescents and can be distressful to the person experiencing it for the first time. However, there is limited research globally and specifically in Africa about the lived experiences of adolescents admitted into a psychiatric facility for first-episode psychosis. Aim To understand the adolescents' experiences of psychosis and receiving treatment in a
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Provision of HIV services to psychiatric inpatients in Botswana: Challenges and recommendations. South African Journal of Psychiatry (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2023-02-28 Maria A Qambayot,Sarita Naidoo
Background The high prevalence of HIV among psychiatric inpatients is well-documented, yet little is known about the provision of HIV services for these patients. Aim This qualitative study aimed to explore and understand healthcare providers' challenges with providing HIV services to psychiatric inpatients. Setting This study was conducted at the national psychiatric referral hospital in Botswana
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Strengthening a mental illness management questionnaire for clinical associates through expert validation and cognitive interviews. South African Journal of Psychiatry (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2023-02-28 Saiendhra V Moodley,Jacqueline Wolvaardt,Christoffel Grobler
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Trauma survivors' perceptions and experiences of prolonged exposure for PTSD at a psychology clinic. South African Journal of Psychiatry (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2023-02-27 Duane D Booysen,Ashraf Kagee
Background Several trauma-focused treatments have been developed to treat post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Yet there are limited studies on how trauma survivors perceive and experience trauma-focused treatments such as prolonged exposure therapy (PE) for PTSD, especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). Aim The study aimed to explore the perceptions and experiences of trauma survivors
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A retrospective data analysis of psychiatric cases in Hargeisa, Somaliland between 2019 and 2020. South African Journal of Psychiatry (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2023-02-27 Hassan Abdulrahman,Stephanie Bousleiman,Mustafe Mumin,Ibrahim Caqli,Baraa A Hijaz,Bizu Gelaye,Gregory Fricchione,Zeina Chemali
Background In Somaliland, an estimated one person in every two households suffers from psychiatric disorders. Despite this, access to mental health care is limited because of shortages in facilities, human resources, funding and stigma. Aim To present the proportion of psychiatric disorders encountered in outpatient psychiatry clinics. Setting The University if Hargeisa (UoH), Hargesisa, Somaliland
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HIV prevalence and access to HIV testing and care in patients with psychosis in South Africa. South African Journal of Psychiatry (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2023-01-31 Mbalenhle P Mwelase,Vuyokazi Ntlantsana,Andrew Tomita,Bonginkosi Chiliza,Saeeda Paruk
Background Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and psychosis share a complex bidirectional relationship, with people living with HIV being at increased risk of psychosis and those with psychosis at increased risk of HIV. However, people living with severe mental illness often have limited or reduced access to HIV testing and care. Aim This study aimed to determine the prevalence of HIV and describe
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Assessing the revised Clinical Institute Withdrawal for Alcohol Scale use at Stikland Hospital. South African Journal of Psychiatry (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2023-01-31 Creeshen P Muddapah,Lize Weich
Background Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a major public health concern in South Africa (SA). Abrupt cessation or reduction of alcohol intake in chronic users can result in withdrawal symptoms. Benzodiazepines are the treatment of choice but need to be used cautiously in patients with a lifetime history of substance abuse given their highly addictive potential. Symptom-triggered prescription of benzodiazepines
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Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) with ketamine induction for catatonia in an HIV positive patient. South African Journal of Psychiatry (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2023-01-30 Yvette Nel,Craig A Bracken
Introduction The successful use of ECT as treatment for catatonia, in the context of HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) infection, has been described previously. Ketamine has been used as an anaesthetic induction agent for ECT, although not considered the induction agent of choice. There are also case reports suggesting that ketamine may be an alternative treatment specifically for catatonia. Patient
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Disability and premorbid adjustment in schizophrenia: A retrospective analysis. South African Journal of Psychiatry (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2022-12-19 Omokehinde O Fakorede,Adegboyega Ogunwale,Akinwande O Akinhanmi
Background Schizophrenia is highly disabling. Though efforts at genetic mapping to identify those at risk of the illness have been promising but same cannot be said about predicting its associated disability before illness-onset (i.e., during premorbid phase). It is envisaged that Schizophrenia-related disability may be ameliorated if premorbid clinical markers are adequately predictive enough to identify
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Validation of the Sleep Quality Questionnaire among senior students in Benin City, Nigeria. South African Journal of Psychiatry (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2022-12-14 Oluyemi Akanni,Anthony Olashore,Olaide Koleoso
Background The Sleep Quality Questionnaire (SQQ) is a short and easy-to-understand resourceful tool for measuring poor sleep quality; however, it remains to be validated. Aim The focus of this study is to determine its reliability and validity among Nigerian adolescents. Setting Four gender-mixed schools within Benin City, Nigeria were selected to participate in the study. Methods Questionnaires containing
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Intimate partner violence, adverse childhood experiences and prenatal substance use in South Africa. South African Journal of Psychiatry (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2022-12-09 Mathabo L Ndumo,Busisiwe S Bhengu,Sibongile Mashaphu,Saeeda Paruk,Andrew Tomita
Background Intimate partner violence (IPV) is one of the most pressing public health conditions among women worldwide, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. Intimate partner violence in South Africa, along with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), is an epidemic that is closely linked to trauma and substance use in women. Aim This study aimed to identify factors associated with IPV among pregnant women
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Perceptions and experiences of patients attending an opioid substitution clinic in South Africa. South African Journal of Psychiatry (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2022-12-09 Abdul K Domingo,Sonja Pasche,Lucy Jarvis,Lize Weich
Background Opioid substitution therapy (OST) is endorsed as the recommended treatment for opioid use disorders. Opioid substitution therapy is not widely used in South Africa, so little is known about its perceived clinical utility in this setting. There is also a paucity of qualitative research that explores the subjective experiences of patients using OST. Aim To explore patients' perceptions and
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Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder stigma: The silent barrier to care. South African Journal of Psychiatry (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2022-12-08 Renata Schoeman,Tawni Voges
Background Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the most common psychiatric disorder in childhood, with symptoms persisting into adulthood in 60% of individuals. If left untreated, the emotional, social and financial consequences can be dire, with many children and adults not reaching their full potential and having a reduced quality of life. Aim The study explored parents' and educators'
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Systematic mapping on availability, extent and distribution of mental health research in Malawi. South African Journal of Psychiatry (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2022-12-07 Genesis Chorwe-Sungani,Felix Chisoni,Ditress Nyirongo,Japhet Myaba,Anthony Sefasi,Jonas Sagawa,Grace Sibande,Costantine Chaima,Eluby N Katola,Febbie Jamieson,Lucy Kululanga,Diana Jere
Background Mental health research is essential in the implementation of evidence-based interventions. This can be impeded by unavailability or limited access to local evidence in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) such as Malawi. Aim The aim of this systematic mapping was to describe the availability, extent and distribution of mental health research conducted in Malawi. Setting The study was
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COVID-19 infection at a psychiatric hospital in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa: Clinical service planning and challenges. South African Journal of Psychiatry (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2022-12-07 Saeeda Paruk,Ntokozo N Ngcobo,Enver Karim,Andrew Tomita,Suvira Ramlall
Background South Africa had over 4 million cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infections and more than 1 million COVID-19-related deaths. Despite the devastating psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, there is little qualitative, critical evaluation of government mental health services in this resource-limited setting. Aim The authors describe the clinical service plan and response
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Mental health status of doctors and nurses in a Nigerian tertiary hospital: A COVID-19 experience. South African Journal of Psychiatry (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2022-10-28 Olufunto A Olude,Kofoworola Odeyemi,Oluchi J Kanma-Okafor,Oluwaseun A Badru,Shakira A Bashir,John O Olusegun,Olayinka Atilola
Background Healthcare professionals (HCPs) working to save lives during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic are under tremendous physical and psychological pressure, therefore facing the risk of developing challenges with mental health. Aim This study aimed primarily to determine the prevalence and factors associated with depression, anxiety and stress among HCPs in a tertiary hospital
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Prevalence of cannabis use in people with psychosis in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. South African Journal of Psychiatry (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2022-10-21 Khanya Mona,Vuyokazi Ntlantsana,Andrew M Tomita,Saeeda Paruk
Background There is a high prevalence of cannabis use in patients with schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders, with comorbid cannabis use in this population being associated with poorer long-term outcomes. Aim To determine the prevalence of cannabis use in patients with a schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders. Setting The study was conducted at a psychiatric hospital in
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Impact of completing a psychosocial rehabilitation programme on inpatient service utilisation in South Africa. South African Journal of Psychiatry (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2022-10-21 Yanga Vava,Liezl Koen,Dana Niehaus,Henmar F Botha,Ulla Botha
Background Deinstitutionalisation refers to the process of transferring most of the psychiatric care provision from inpatient state-run institutions to community-based care. However, it has proven difficult to implement and failed to reach its desired targets. New Beginnings (NB) is a transitional care facility that facilitates the transition from in- to outpatient care. To date, no data exist as to
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Systematic review on the prevalence of perinatal depression in Malawi. South African Journal of Psychiatry (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2022-10-20 Genesis Chorwe-Sungani,Kondwani Wella,Patrick Mapulanga,Ditress Nyirongo,Mercy Pindani
Background Perinatal depression causes significant burden to women and their families during the perinatal period. However, there is no reliable national prevalence data on perinatal depression in Malawi. Aim This systematic review aimed at establishing the pooled prevalence of perinatal depression. Setting The study setting is Malawi. Methods Two reviewers conducted the search, selection, quality
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Depressive symptoms and quality of life prior to metabolic surgery in Cape Town, South Africa. South African Journal of Psychiatry (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2022-09-30 Wilma M Kruger-Steyn,Jeanne Lubbe,Kerry-Ann Louw,Laila Asmal
Background Depression has been shown to have a negative impact on the outcomes of metabolic surgery and quality of life (QOL). Currently, there are limited data on mental distress and QOL in metabolic surgery candidates in South Africa. Aim This study aimed to determine the prevalence of depressive symptoms at the time of presurgical assessment in participants undergoing metabolic surgery. Setting
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The experiences of clinical psychologists in treating traumatic stress at a tertiary psychiatric hospital in the Eastern Cape: A qualitative study. South African Journal of Psychiatry (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2022-08-01 Kuriesha Munishvaran,Duane D Booysen
Background Qualitative data on the experiences of treating post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in a psychiatric setting in a low-resource context is sparse. Aim The authors aimed to explore the lived experiences of clinical psychologists who treat patients who are either trauma survivors or perpetrators in a psychiatric hospital. Setting A public psychiatric hospital in the Eastern Cape, South Africa
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Patients' voices from music therapy at a South African psychiatric hospital. South African Journal of Psychiatry (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2022-07-29 Carol Lotter,Werdie van Staden
Background In the Life Esidimeni tragedy, crucial voices of mental healthcare users and practitioners were silenced, captured in the Ombud's report as a 'failure to listen'. Working against this kind of failure, various therapeutic interventions listen deliberately and uncover the voice of the patient, that is, what matters from his or her subjective perspective in his or her particular circumstances
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Effectiveness of cognitive behavioural therapy and social skills training in management of conduct disorder. South African Journal of Psychiatry (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2022-07-22 Daniel O Kumuyi,Ebenezer O Akinnawo,Bede C Akpunne,Aderonke A Akintola,Deborah F Onisile,Onyeka O Aniemeka
Background Conduct Disorder (CD) is a repetitive disruptive behaviour that violates the rights of others, manifests in rules violation, aggression, hostility, and deceitfulness and has assumed prominence in its association with juvenile offending and criminality in adulthood. Despite this knowledge, little research attention is given to ascertaining effective psychobehavioural interventions to manage
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Prescribing patterns of long-acting injectable antipsychotics in a community setting in South Africa. South African Journal of Psychiatry (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2022-06-30 Nabila Veyej,Mahomed Y H Moosa
Background Long-acting injectable antipsychotics (LAI - APs) improve adherence to antipsychotics and decrease functional decline in schizophrenia. Yet they are prescribed late, in patients with established functional decline. Although LAI - APs are widely prescribed in South Africa, there is a paucity of research regarding the prescription profile for LAI - APs. Aim This study aimed to describe prescribing
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The magnitude and determinants of depressive symptoms amongst women in early pregnancy in Southern Nigeria: A cross-sectional study. South African Journal of Psychiatry (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2022-05-31 Omolola F Oboro,Vincent Ebulue,Victor O Oboro,Victor Ohenhen,Adeoye Oyewole,Rasaq Akindele,Olufemi Ala,Olaolu Oyeniran,Adegboye Isawumi,Babatunde Afolabi
Background Antenatal depression (AD) is prevalent and associated with adverse pregnancy, maternal and child outcomes, yet no study has addressed its magnitude and predictors in early pregnancy in Nigeria. Aim To determine the prevalence and factors associated with AD in first half of pregnancy. Setting Multicentric health facilities in Southern Nigeria. Methods A multicentric health-facilities-based
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The profile of offenders accused of rape referred to the Observation Ward of the Free State Psychiatric Complex, Bloemfontein, South Africa, 2011-2015. South African Journal of Psychiatry (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2022-05-31 Laurisa van Zyl,Nathaniel L Mosotho,Leilani Cronjé,Mia Vosloo,Leandré Odendaal,Fritz Odendaal,Sarel Kruger,Gina Joubert
Background Sexual assault in South Africa has reached alarming proportions. Mental illness amongst offenders accused of rape is one of the complicating factors. Aim To describe the sociodemographic, clinical and forensic profile of alleged offenders accused of rape referred to a South African tertiary public psychiatric hospital for forensic evaluation, as well as describe the profile of the reported
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Qualitative study of mental health attribution, perceptions and care-seeking in Kampala, Uganda. South African Journal of Psychiatry (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2022-05-31 John M Bwanika,Charlotte Hawkins,Louis Kamulegeya,Patricia Onyutta,Davis Musinguzi,Audrey Kusasira,Elizabeth K Musoke,Jascintha Kabeega
Background Mental health problems contribute to a substantial proportion of the global burden of disease. In Uganda, the World Health Organization estimates that 2.2 million people are affected by mental health disorders. Further research is needed to highlight people's views about mental health in order to ensure that services are appropriate, accessible and effective. Aim This qualitative study aimed
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Impulsivity and psychiatric comorbidity as risk factors for suicide attempts in borderline personality disorder. South African Journal of Psychiatry (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2022-05-30 Eman Shorub,Abdel Nasser Omar,Heba Elshahawi,Dina Naoum,Tarek Elsahrawy,Yomna Elhawary
Background Addressing the risk of suicidality in borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a crucial issue. The notion that impulsive individuals are more likely to plan for suicide attempts is important for many reasons in both theoretical and clinical decision-making. Aim The aim of this study was to investigate potential risks of suicidality in BPD and to correlate it to impulsivity. Setting The
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Predictors of mass psychogenic illness in a junior secondary school in rural Botswana: A case control study. South African Journal of Psychiatry (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2022-05-30 Keatlaretse Siamisang,Thabo Phologolo,Terrence Mukuhwa,Nathaniel Schafrick,Bonolo Mhaladi,Boang Phuthego,Monica Mmati,Tiny Masupe
Background In March 2019, students at Lempu Secondary School in Kweneng District, Botswana displayed symptoms including headache, abnormal leg movements and difficulty walking. Within days, 133 students were admitted to Scottish Livingstone Hospital where mass psychogenic illness (MPI) was diagnosed. Aim To identify predictors of this illness. Setting Kweneng West District, Botswana. Methods This was
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Experience of violence, coping and support for nurses working in acute psychiatric wards. South African Journal of Psychiatry (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2022-05-30 Ntombiyakhe Bekelepi,Penelope Martin
Background Acute psychiatric wards are stressful working environments because of the nature of the mental illness of patients admitted. These patients present with a variety of complex psychiatric problems and social control that require skilled and competent nurses to manage them. The shortage of nurses, especially with advanced psychiatric qualifications or necessary experience, may create challenges
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An online mindfulness intervention for medical students in South Africa: A randomised controlled trial. South African Journal of Psychiatry (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2022-05-27 Nicola Boyd,Debra G Alexander
Background Prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, an association was observed between medical students' stress, possibly because of an intensive academic workload and clinical responsibilities, and mental ill health. The literature has shown the benefit of online mindfulness interventions for different mental health challenges. Unfortunately, there is a paucity of information on their benefit to medical students
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Correlates of high-dose antipsychotic prescription amongst outpatients with Schizophrenia in a Nigerian Hospital. South African Journal of Psychiatry (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2022-04-29 Ihechiluru G Anozie,Bawo O James,Joyce O Omoaregba,Sunday O Oriji,Paul O Erohubie,Anthony C Enebe
Background Treatment guidelines recommend the use of antipsychotic monotherapy at effective doses for the treatment of schizophrenia, although about a third of the sufferers still receive high-dose antipsychotic treatment. Current evidence suggests that high-dose antipsychotic prescription (HDAP) not only fails to improve outcomes but also increases side effects. Aim Our study aimed to determine the
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Psychometric properties of Drug Attitude Inventory among patients with schizophrenia. South African Journal of Psychiatry (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2022-04-29 Oladipo A Sowunmi
Background The treatment of patients diagnosed with schizophrenia has remained three-fold physical (pharmacological), psychological and social. Furthermore, the need to monitor adherence to the physical aspect of treatment has been a major concern to mental health practitioners as this usually affects the success of psychological and social treatment. Aim My study aimed to determine the psychometric
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A history of depression in patients attending a chronic pain management clinic in South Africa: A retrospective chart review. South African Journal of Psychiatry (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2022-04-29 Joseph J van Vreede,Romy Parker,Janieke van Nugteren
Background Chronic pain and depression are closely related conditions, which commonly exist as comorbid disorders. Understanding the prevalence of depression in patients presenting with chronic pain is vital for effective pain management. Aim Our study aimed to establish the prevalence of a history of depression in patients presenting with chronic pain to a chronic pain management clinic at a tertiary