ABSTRACT This study aims to employ both central processing units (CPUs) and graphics processing units (GPUs) to collaboratively generate contour lines from a large-scale digital elevation model (DEM). The performance was improved with regard to three aspects. First, the original DEM data were decomposed and assigned according to the GPU’s limited memory so that large-scale data could be correctly addressed

ABSTRACT Augmented reality (AR) navigation aids have become widely used in pedestrian navigation, yet few studies have verified their usability from the perspective of human spatial cognition, such as visual attention, cognitive processing, and spatial memory. We conducted an empirical study in which smartphone-based AR aids were compared with a common two-dimensional (2D) electronic map. We conducted

ABSTRACT Detecting and monitoring collective public opinion via social media platforms can provide real-time information to researchers and policymakers. Human emotions, culture, and opinions can be tracked over time to understand where different sentiments manifest themselves geographically. Expanding on existing methodology, the present study draws from sentiment analysis and point pattern analysis

ABSTRACT People interact with each other in space and time. Improved understanding of human interactions in spatial, temporal, and social dimensions are highly beneficial for research and practices in public health, urban planning, and other fields. Traditional methods of collecting social interaction data are time-intensive and resource-consuming, resulting in relatively small sample sizes and limited

ABSTRACT Urban densification is often seen as a process that aims to limit the negative environmental impacts of urban sprawl in rapidly growing cities by prioritizing planning policies stimulating vertical growth (or high-rise development) over expansion along the urban fringe. Densification of major Canadian urban areas has led to the proliferation of high-rises with an increasing proportion of residents

ABSTRACT Map generalization is the process of deriving small-scale target maps from a large-scale source map or database while preserving valuable information. In this paper we focus on topographic data, in particular areas of different land-use classes and line features representing the road network. When reducing the map scale, some areas need to be merged to larger composite regions. This process

ABSTRACT Academic cartography continues to be shaped by advancements in computing technology and the growing emphasis on emerging geospatial disciplines, especially geographic information science and technology (GIS&T). Within geography departments and programs, stand-alone courses in cartography are offered within an increasingly crowded field of technical subjects. At the same time, recent graduates

ABSTRACT Modern technology has given thousands of amateur cartographers not only the opportunity but also the means to make a valuable contribution to mapping at all scales. However, web maps made by amateurs are prone to legibility shortcomings, such as coalescence, complexity, and congestion. These problems can be solved by map generalization; however, for amateurs participating in web mapping, the

ABSTRACT This paper addresses the suitability of different cartographic design variants for visually communicating recommended routes. We performed a user study, investigating the potential of six different design variants (color hue, distortion, length distortion, size, spacing, and symbols) for influencing route choice using cartographic visualization methods while recommending a longer, but less

ABSTRACT Augmented reality (AR) navigation aids have become widely used in pedestrian navigation, yet few studies have verified their usability from the perspective of human spatial cognition, such as visual attention, cognitive processing, and spatial memory. We conducted an empirical study in which smartphone-based AR aids were compared with a common two-dimensional (2D) electronic map. We conducted

(2021). Editorial. Cartography and Geographic Information Science: Vol. 48, No. 1, pp. 1-1.

ABSTRACT We introduce a semantically-enriched method of generating color schemes for various types of digital maps that reduces the energy consumption of the display device while preserving the quality of the original design. Energy-aware design intersects two important trends in cartography. First, as more maps are viewed today on mobile, battery life has become a central constraint influencing design

ABSTRACT This paper proposes elevation models to promote, evaluate, and compare various terrain representation techniques. Our goal is to increase the reproducibility of terrain rendering algorithms and techniques across different scales and landscapes. We introduce elevation models of varying terrain types, available to the user at no cost, with minimal common data imperfections such as missing data

ABSTRACT Line integral convolution is a technique originally developed for visualizing vector fields, such as wind or water directions, that places densely packed lines following the direction of movement. Geisthövel and Hurni adapted line integral convolution to terrain generalization in 2018. Their method successfully removes details and retains sharp mountain ridges; it is particularly suited for

ABSTRACT Point feature label placement (PFLP) has been a fundamental problem in automatic cartography over decades. In this research, labels are approximated by individual characters to offer more freedom of placement on raster-based grids, including allowing labels turning to avoid occlusions. Considering that parallel orientation of label annotation increases the label chances to resolve the dense

ABSTRACT Aerial perspective is an essential design principle for shaded relief that emphasizes high elevation terrain using strong luminance contrast and low elevations with low contrast. Aerial perspective results in a more expressive shaded relief and helps the reader to understand the structure of a landscape more easily. We introduce a simple yet effective method for adding aerial perspective to

(2020). Thanks and farewell. Cartography and Geographic Information Science: Vol. 47, No. 6, pp. 565-565.

ABSTRACT In recent years, there has been a rising awareness about the relevance of spatial ability and integrating spatial information into educational curricula. It is now considered essential to problem-solving and understanding a variety of natural and cultural phenomena. To analyze people’s global-scale cognitive map and which factors influence it, a short playful test was developed that allowed

In this study, we model the risk of robbery in the City of Tshwane in South Africa. We use the collective knowledge of two prominent spatial theories of crime (social disorganization theory, and cr...

(2021). Correction. Cartography and Geographic Information Science: Vol. 48, No. 1, pp. 93-93.

This research examines how people subjectively perceive the disclosure risk of a map using original data collected in an online survey with 856 participants. The results indicate that perceived dis...

ABSTRACT Spatial anonymization of address points is critical to fields such as public health. There have been recent concerns about applications of geomasks that did not guarantee the level of k-anonymity theoretically expected. An analysis of the problem and a potential solution were previously proposed: Adaptive Areal Elimination (AAE). The present paper expands on AAE and proposes a modified version

ABSTRACT Maps are a key way to communicate climate change. The goal of these maps is to make climate change relatable, tangible, and understandable. However, little research has assessed the content of these maps and the aspects of these maps which attract readers, reduce complexity, and make climate change tangible. One way to evaluate maps of climate change is through the concept of vividness, a

ABSTRACT Geospatial information has transformed into a primary consumer good in our society. Worldwide, governmental organizations have contributed to this reality through Spatial Data Infrastructures (SDIs), promoting economic development, stimulating better governance, and fostering environmental sustainability. These initiatives have been settled according to three stages of development. Recently

ABSTRACT Many studies have been focused on rendering 2D vector elements on 3D terrain, and a series of algorithms have been proposed. Most of these algorithms struggle to provide a seamless overlay between vector elements and an irregular terrain surface. Despite their importance, the physical characteristics of vector elements are often ignored, which distorts the surface of vector elements. For example

ABSTRACT It is surprising difficult to define where a city center lies, yet its location has a profound effect on a city’s structure and function. We examine whether city center typicality points can be consistently located on historical maps such that their centroid identifies a meaningful central location over a 500-year period in Southampton, UK. We compare movements of this city center centroid

ABSTRACT In map projections theory, various criteria have been proposed to evaluate the mean distortion of a map projection over a given area. Reports of studies are not comparable because researchers use different methods for estimating the deviation from the undistorted state. In this paper, statistical methods are extended to be used for averaging map projection distortions over an area. It turns

ABSTRACT Recognition of building group patterns is of great significance for understanding and modeling the urban space. However, many current methods cannot fully utilize spatial information and have trouble efficiently dealing with topographic data with high complexity. The design of intelligent computational models that can act directly on topographic data to extract spatial features is critical

ABSTRACT Augmented reality (AR) enables the creation of immersive situated visualizations. These visualizations blend with the real world so that the user perceives the virtual objects as physically present. We propose two novel immersive situated visualizations for geospatial quantitative point data that link AR bar graphics in the real environment with a virtual AR chart or map. The Egocentric Bar

ABSTRACT This research is motivated by the widespread use of desktop environments in the lab and by the recent trend of conducting real-world eye-tracking experiments to investigate pedestrian navigation. Despite the existing significant differences between the real world and the desktop environments, how pedestrians’ visual behavior in real environments differs from that in desktop environments is

ABSTRACT In political redistricting, the compactness of a district is used as a quantitative proxy for its fairness. Several well established, yet competing, notions of geographic compactness are commonly used to evaluate the shapes of regions, including the Polsby-Popper score, the convex hull score, and the Reock score, and these scores are used to compare two or more districts or plans. In this

ABSTRACT Automatic production of contiguous area cartograms has become practical with computer algorithms, particularly applying forces to rubber-sheets and simulating diffusion processes. Reformulating the existing force-based and rubber-sheet methods, this article presents a fast and flexible force-based computational framework for general space transformation with solid physical and mathematical

ABSTRACT Geographic Information Systems (GIS) are valuable for displaying and analyzing spatial data, revealing spatial patterns that may otherwise go unnoticed. The ubiquity of web and mobile platforms, used to create and share geographic information has reified the value of GIS to a wider audience bringing new popularity to GIS. As a result, GIS and Geographic Information Science (GIScience) are

ABSTRACT Location, usually defined by postal address information or geographic coordinate values, is one of the leading themes in geography. Famous global mapping services such as ArcGIS Online, Bing Maps, Google Maps, or Yandex Maps can provide users with address information of any geographic coordinates using reverse geocoding. The accuracy of retrieved addresses is quite essential for a service

ABSTRACT Intrinsic tag maps fit a tag cloud inside a geographic boundary to emphasize the association of the tags with a particular administrative region. So far, little is known about their utility and usability. Here, we present the results of an empirical study to help fill this gap. The study uses information retrieval tasks to evaluate intrinsic tag map utility and uses user confidence and preference

ABSTRACT Location-based social media data from different platforms such as Twitter and Flickr increasingly serve with their point-geocoded content as data sources for a variety of applications. The standard visualization method uses a derivation of point maps, which works well with a limited amount of data, but it suffers from weaknesses related to cluttering and overlapping, especially for sets of

(2020). Correction. Cartography and Geographic Information Science: Vol. 47, No. 3, pp. 289-289.

ABSTRACT The selection of an appropriate map projection has a fundamental impact on the visualization and analysis of geographic information. Distortion is inevitable and the decision requires simultaneous consideration of several different factors; a process which can be confusing for many cartographers and GIS users. The last few decades have seen numerous attempts to create automated map projection

ABSTRACT It has become increasingly important in spatial equity studies to understand activity spaces – where people conduct regular out-of-home activities. Big data can advance the identification of activity spaces and the understanding of spatial equity. Using the Los Angeles metropolitan area for the case study, this paper employs geotagged Twitter data to delineate activity spaces with two spatial

ABSTRACT Effectiveness and efficiency of graduated point symbol maps could be affected by several factors. One of them is the spatial distance between symbols. This study conducted an experiment with two map-reading tasks. The first compared two circular symbols, deciding which one is larger. The second task was to order three symbols from smallest to largest. There were four spatial distance conditions

ABSTRACT Immersive maps in augmented reality (AR) are virtual maps that plausibly blend with the physical environment, such that the user perceives them as a part of the real world. While immersive maps can offer unprecedented engaging experiences, the way to perform panning, zooming and other basic map interaction is not obvious. This limitation may hamper widespread adoption of immersive maps. We

ABSTRACT This paper proposes a new method for urban population density prediction at 30 m resolution. Using data for Bangalore, the paper demonstrates that population within each 30 m residential built-up cell can be modeled as a function of cell-level data on street density and building heights and ward-level data on car ownership. Building-height data were generated from Cartosat-1 stereo imagery

ABSTRACT Landmark visual salience (characterized by features that contrast with their surroundings and visual peculiarities) and semantic salience (characterized by features with unusual or important meaning and content in the environment) are two important factors that affect an individual’s visual attention during wayfinding. However, empirical evidence regarding which factor dominates visual guidance

ABSTRACT The article presents a new quantitative approach to studying the feeling of safety and risk perception and proposes a new method for determining the intensity of this phenomenon based on data from the National Safety Risk Map in Krakow. The quantitative methods used for data analysis enabled the authors to identify a clustered process in their research, as well as to locate clusters and to

(2020). CaGIS presents Distinguished Career Award to Tim Trainor. Cartography and Geographic Information Science: Vol. 47, No. 2, pp. 192-192.

ABSTRACT Open government promises increased transparency by providing its citizens datasets about city processes. Open data portals have been emerging all over the world as mines of open geographic datasets. Thematic web maps are key to understanding these open geographic datasets. Current thematic web maps are created by programmers and/or cartographers, and thus are not designed to be easily reused

ABSTRACT Advances in linked geospatial data, recommender systems, and geographic information retrieval have led to urgent necessity to assess the overall semantic relatedness between keyword sets of geographic metadata. In this study, a new model is proposed for computing the semantic relatedness between arbitrary two keyword sets of geographic metadata stored in current global spatial data infrastructures

(2019). Thanks to reviewers: 1 July 2018 – 30 June 2019. Cartography and Geographic Information Science: Vol. 46, No. 6, pp. 567-567.

ABSTRACT Crowd-sourced geospatial data can often be enriched by importing open governmental datasets as long as they are up-to date and of good quality. Unfortunately, merging datasets is not straight forward. In the context of geospatial data, spatial overlaps pose a particular problem, as existing data may be overwritten when a naïve, automated import strategy is employed. For example: OpenStreetMap

ABSTRACT Space-time kernel density estimation (STKDE) commonly is used for space-time cluster detection. But, this technique might be limited because it does not take into account an underlying population at risk for observed events. A space-time relative risk function (STRRF) can help overcome this limitation by allowing a comparison of each kernel density of observations with that of controls. This

ABSTRACT High-resolution population density data are crucial for advanced geographical analysis but are difficult to obtain owing to personal data protection. This paper presents a method to obtain these data through spatial disaggregation of aggregate data using random forests. Ancillary topographic data are used from open data sources, namely OpenStreetMap, Urban Atlas, and the NASA Shuttle Radar

ABSTRACT This review paper explores at a high conceptual level cartography’s potential role in the emerging field of indoor mapping. It introduces an interdisciplinary literature on foundational theories, approaches, and applications of indoor maps driven by advancements in indoor positioning systems and an accompanying desire to exploit those capabilities through maps. The review concludes that cartography

ABSTRACT The rapid increase in movement trajectory data causes data storage, transmission, computational processing, and visualization problems. These issues can be alleviated through trajectory simplification, which removes unnecessary details from raw trajectories. Most existing studies that focused on trajectory simplification considered freely moving objects, and they attempted to minimize position

ABSTRACT A long-standing question in GIScience is whether geographic information systems (GIS) facilitates an adequate quantifiable representation of the concept of place. Considering the difficulties of quantifying elusive concepts related to place, several researchers focus on more tangible dimensions of the human understanding of place. The most common approaches are semantic enrichment of spatial

ABSTRACT Historical maps contain a wealth of information not generally available, but they must be referenced to well-known coordinate systems for maximum use in spatial analysis. Existing georeferencing tools are essentially manual, requiring considerable data entry, much panning and zooming, and precise on-screen digitizing. Here we present alternative approaches based on pattern-matching and spatial

ABSTRACT We report on a study in which we examine if the visual design of virtual environments (VEs) affects visuospatial knowledge acquisition in younger and older adults with varying cognitive abilities in the context of navigational learning, specifically when a perspective switch is involved. Perspective switch between first-person and aerial-views is an important and commonly executed task in

(2019). Correction. Cartography and Geographic Information Science: Vol. 46, No. 4, pp. 383-383.

(2019). Editorial: 2019 US National Report to ICA. Cartography and Geographic Information Science: Vol. 46, No. 3, pp. 195-195.

ABSTRACT The contrast of space and place has long been an active topic of scholarly discussions in many disciplines. While spatial analysis enjoys a multitude of quantitative methods, the study of place remains mostly conceptual and descriptive. This paper expands upon the rich concepts of place in the literature to propose a quantitative framework for placial analysis based on events. Central to the

ABSTRACT At the beginning of the twentieth century, a British mapping team led by Captain S. F. Newcombe surveyed and mapped the Negev region, Sinai, and western Jordan. The map was mainly produced for military use. Consequently, it included a network of branched routes, water supplies and facilities, and topographic contours. This study used this map to examine the development of routes in the Negev