ABSTRACT The Segregation Index quantifies the degree of segregation of social groups or classes. Because of the increasing use of fine-grained spatiotemporal activity and flow data, the conventional segregation measurements’ inclusiveness is challenged. We add population flow to the conventional place-based spatial exposure index to identify spatiotemporal segregation changes. Specifically, we considered

ABSTRACT The Canadian Digital Elevation Model (CDEM) and the High-Resolution Digital Elevation Model (HRDEM) released by Natural Resources Canada are primary terrain data sources in Canada. Due to their different coverage, datums, resolutions, and accuracies, a standardized framework for national elevation data across various scales is required. This study provides new insights into the adoption of

ABSTRACT Color quality evaluation is key to judging map quality, which can improve data visualization and communication. However, most existing methods for evaluating map colors are tedious and subjective manual methods. In this paper, we study sequential color schemes, a widely used map color type and propose a learning-based approach for evaluating the color quality. The approach consists of two

ABSTRACT The legends of natural resource taxonomy-based maps (e.g. soil, geological, geomorphological, vegetation, and land cover/land use) need many different distinguishable colors. The existing methods of color selection for map legends are based on the designer subjectivity, ensuring schemes having few colors. An analysis of the modeling and management of colors in digital applications has led

ABSTRACT Mobile map applications are typically used by a broad range of users. Users can be diverse in their context attributes (e.g. map use experience, activities during map use), and several previous user experience (UX) studies have focused on understanding how some contextual factors influence the UX for designing maps that satisfy users’ needs. A need for research remains to evaluate the relationship

ABSTRACT Today’s navigation systems use topographic maps to communicate route information. Being general-purpose maps, topographic maps lack optimal support for the specific task of route reading and navigation. In the public transportation domain, research demonstrated that topographic maps do not support planning of routes as good as schematic maps. Our current paper applies this idea to the domain

ABSTRACT GIS-based spatial access measures have been used extensively to monitor social equity and to help develop policy. However, inherent uncertainties in the road datasets used in spatial access estimates remain largely underreported. These uncertainties might result in unrecognized biases within visualization products and decision-making outcomes that strive to improve social equity based on seemingly

ABSTRACT Manifold providers from a wide range of initiatives (private organizations, volunteered efforts, social media, etc.) offer enormous data amounts with geospatial characteristics. These efforts of many data providers entail multiple data scenarios and imply many viewpoints about the same feature, involving different representations, accuracy, models, vocabularies, etc. Various techniques or

ABSTRACT The advent of Web 2.0 has emerged abundant but often unstructured user-generated georeferenced data, such as those from Volunteered Geographic Information (VGI) initiatives. In many cases, these data can be considered as complementary to the authoritative geospatial data. With the increasing availability of multi-source geospatial data, the efforts for geospatial data integration have gained

ABSTRACT The mapping of cultural ecosystem services through online public participation GIS (PPGIS) has predominantly relied on geographic entities, such as points and polygons, to collect spatial data, regardless of their limitations. As the potential of online PPGIS to support planning and design keeps growing, so does the need for more knowledge about data quality and suitable geographic entities

ABSTRACT Reference frames provide structure for spatial cognition and support spatial knowledge development across different scales. This study sheds light on the relationship between geographic scale, defined as the spatial extent visually accessible from a single viewpoint, and the preferential use of different reference frames (egocentric vs. allocentric) for environmental learning. Participants

ABSTRACT With the increasing availability of head-mounted displays for virtual reality and augmented reality, we can create immersive maps in which the user is closer to the data. Embodiment is a key concept, allowing the user to act upon virtual objects in an immersive environment. Our work explores the use of embodied interaction for immersive maps. We propose four design considerations for embodied

ABSTRACT The outbreak of the unprecedented Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic calls for innovative risk assessment and mapping approaches to prompt public messaging. Most of the existing approaches aim to present population risks associated with geographic areas (e.g., county), thus providing limited values to guide individuals to take proactive measures against COVID-19. To better facilitate

ABSTRACT The raster data structure stores categorical and continuous field data for spatial analysis, environmental modeling, and resource planning. With rapidly advancing sensor networks, the spatial resolution of data is increasing, sometimes outpacing the optimum resolution for applications. Overcoming granularity differences between raw and “analysis ready” data often requires upscaling source

ABSTRACT Landmarks are essential and widely used in human navigation. However, many indoor environments lack visually salient landmarks, which leads to difficulties in navigating in and learning complex and similar-looking indoor environments. In this study, we designed and implemented virtual semantic landmarks in Mixed Reality (MR)-based indoor environments and conducted a user study to explore whether

ABSTRACT This article discusses ways of representing motion and simultaneity in cartography regarding historical processes. The main goal is to debate the visual language necessary for representing speed, rhythm, stops, as well as continuous and discontinuous movements in space. The analysis starts with an assessment of how the idea of motion has been represented in cartography in general, followed

ABSTRACT The developing convergence of Artificial Intelligence and GIScience has raised a concern on the emergence of deep fake geography and its potentials in transforming human perception of the geographic world. Situating fake geography under the context of modern cartography and GIScience, this paper presents an empirical study to dissect the algorithmic mechanism of falsifying satellite images

ABSTRACT This paper argues for a “human-centered” approach to knowledge discovery from movement data through the use of visualization and mapping. As movement data becomes more available and diverse in dimension and resolution, mapping becomes particularly important in the exploratory analysis of movement trajectories and for capturing patterns and structures in large origin-destination flow data sets

ABSTRACT This study aims to employ both central processing units (CPUs) and graphics processing units (GPUs) to collaboratively generate contour lines from a large-scale digital elevation model (DEM). The performance was improved with regard to three aspects. First, the original DEM data were decomposed and assigned according to the GPU’s limited memory so that large-scale data could be correctly addressed

ABSTRACT Augmented reality (AR) navigation aids have become widely used in pedestrian navigation, yet few studies have verified their usability from the perspective of human spatial cognition, such as visual attention, cognitive processing, and spatial memory. We conducted an empirical study in which smartphone-based AR aids were compared with a common two-dimensional (2D) electronic map. We conducted

ABSTRACT Detecting and monitoring collective public opinion via social media platforms can provide real-time information to researchers and policymakers. Human emotions, culture, and opinions can be tracked over time to understand where different sentiments manifest themselves geographically. Expanding on existing methodology, the present study draws from sentiment analysis and point pattern analysis

ABSTRACT People interact with each other in space and time. Improved understanding of human interactions in spatial, temporal, and social dimensions are highly beneficial for research and practices in public health, urban planning, and other fields. Traditional methods of collecting social interaction data are time-intensive and resource-consuming, resulting in relatively small sample sizes and limited

ABSTRACT Urban densification is often seen as a process that aims to limit the negative environmental impacts of urban sprawl in rapidly growing cities by prioritizing planning policies stimulating vertical growth (or high-rise development) over expansion along the urban fringe. Densification of major Canadian urban areas has led to the proliferation of high-rises with an increasing proportion of residents

ABSTRACT Map generalization is the process of deriving small-scale target maps from a large-scale source map or database while preserving valuable information. In this paper we focus on topographic data, in particular areas of different land-use classes and line features representing the road network. When reducing the map scale, some areas need to be merged to larger composite regions. This process

ABSTRACT Academic cartography continues to be shaped by advancements in computing technology and the growing emphasis on emerging geospatial disciplines, especially geographic information science and technology (GIS&T). Within geography departments and programs, stand-alone courses in cartography are offered within an increasingly crowded field of technical subjects. At the same time, recent graduates

ABSTRACT Modern technology has given thousands of amateur cartographers not only the opportunity but also the means to make a valuable contribution to mapping at all scales. However, web maps made by amateurs are prone to legibility shortcomings, such as coalescence, complexity, and congestion. These problems can be solved by map generalization; however, for amateurs participating in web mapping, the

ABSTRACT This paper addresses the suitability of different cartographic design variants for visually communicating recommended routes. We performed a user study, investigating the potential of six different design variants (color hue, distortion, length distortion, size, spacing, and symbols) for influencing route choice using cartographic visualization methods while recommending a longer, but less

ABSTRACT Augmented reality (AR) navigation aids have become widely used in pedestrian navigation, yet few studies have verified their usability from the perspective of human spatial cognition, such as visual attention, cognitive processing, and spatial memory. We conducted an empirical study in which smartphone-based AR aids were compared with a common two-dimensional (2D) electronic map. We conducted

(2021). Editorial. Cartography and Geographic Information Science: Vol. 48, No. 1, pp. 1-1.

ABSTRACT We introduce a semantically-enriched method of generating color schemes for various types of digital maps that reduces the energy consumption of the display device while preserving the quality of the original design. Energy-aware design intersects two important trends in cartography. First, as more maps are viewed today on mobile, battery life has become a central constraint influencing design

ABSTRACT This paper proposes elevation models to promote, evaluate, and compare various terrain representation techniques. Our goal is to increase the reproducibility of terrain rendering algorithms and techniques across different scales and landscapes. We introduce elevation models of varying terrain types, available to the user at no cost, with minimal common data imperfections such as missing data

ABSTRACT Line integral convolution is a technique originally developed for visualizing vector fields, such as wind or water directions, that places densely packed lines following the direction of movement. Geisthövel and Hurni adapted line integral convolution to terrain generalization in 2018. Their method successfully removes details and retains sharp mountain ridges; it is particularly suited for

ABSTRACT Point feature label placement (PFLP) has been a fundamental problem in automatic cartography over decades. In this research, labels are approximated by individual characters to offer more freedom of placement on raster-based grids, including allowing labels turning to avoid occlusions. Considering that parallel orientation of label annotation increases the label chances to resolve the dense

ABSTRACT Aerial perspective is an essential design principle for shaded relief that emphasizes high elevation terrain using strong luminance contrast and low elevations with low contrast. Aerial perspective results in a more expressive shaded relief and helps the reader to understand the structure of a landscape more easily. We introduce a simple yet effective method for adding aerial perspective to

(2020). Thanks and farewell. Cartography and Geographic Information Science: Vol. 47, No. 6, pp. 565-565.

ABSTRACT In recent years, there has been a rising awareness about the relevance of spatial ability and integrating spatial information into educational curricula. It is now considered essential to problem-solving and understanding a variety of natural and cultural phenomena. To analyze people’s global-scale cognitive map and which factors influence it, a short playful test was developed that allowed

In this study, we model the risk of robbery in the City of Tshwane in South Africa. We use the collective knowledge of two prominent spatial theories of crime (social disorganization theory, and cr...

(2021). Correction. Cartography and Geographic Information Science: Vol. 48, No. 1, pp. 93-93.

This research examines how people subjectively perceive the disclosure risk of a map using original data collected in an online survey with 856 participants. The results indicate that perceived dis...

ABSTRACT Spatial anonymization of address points is critical to fields such as public health. There have been recent concerns about applications of geomasks that did not guarantee the level of k-anonymity theoretically expected. An analysis of the problem and a potential solution were previously proposed: Adaptive Areal Elimination (AAE). The present paper expands on AAE and proposes a modified version

ABSTRACT Maps are a key way to communicate climate change. The goal of these maps is to make climate change relatable, tangible, and understandable. However, little research has assessed the content of these maps and the aspects of these maps which attract readers, reduce complexity, and make climate change tangible. One way to evaluate maps of climate change is through the concept of vividness, a

ABSTRACT Geospatial information has transformed into a primary consumer good in our society. Worldwide, governmental organizations have contributed to this reality through Spatial Data Infrastructures (SDIs), promoting economic development, stimulating better governance, and fostering environmental sustainability. These initiatives have been settled according to three stages of development. Recently

ABSTRACT Many studies have been focused on rendering 2D vector elements on 3D terrain, and a series of algorithms have been proposed. Most of these algorithms struggle to provide a seamless overlay between vector elements and an irregular terrain surface. Despite their importance, the physical characteristics of vector elements are often ignored, which distorts the surface of vector elements. For example

ABSTRACT It is surprising difficult to define where a city center lies, yet its location has a profound effect on a city’s structure and function. We examine whether city center typicality points can be consistently located on historical maps such that their centroid identifies a meaningful central location over a 500-year period in Southampton, UK. We compare movements of this city center centroid

ABSTRACT In map projections theory, various criteria have been proposed to evaluate the mean distortion of a map projection over a given area. Reports of studies are not comparable because researchers use different methods for estimating the deviation from the undistorted state. In this paper, statistical methods are extended to be used for averaging map projection distortions over an area. It turns

ABSTRACT Recognition of building group patterns is of great significance for understanding and modeling the urban space. However, many current methods cannot fully utilize spatial information and have trouble efficiently dealing with topographic data with high complexity. The design of intelligent computational models that can act directly on topographic data to extract spatial features is critical

ABSTRACT Augmented reality (AR) enables the creation of immersive situated visualizations. These visualizations blend with the real world so that the user perceives the virtual objects as physically present. We propose two novel immersive situated visualizations for geospatial quantitative point data that link AR bar graphics in the real environment with a virtual AR chart or map. The Egocentric Bar

ABSTRACT This research is motivated by the widespread use of desktop environments in the lab and by the recent trend of conducting real-world eye-tracking experiments to investigate pedestrian navigation. Despite the existing significant differences between the real world and the desktop environments, how pedestrians’ visual behavior in real environments differs from that in desktop environments is

ABSTRACT In political redistricting, the compactness of a district is used as a quantitative proxy for its fairness. Several well established, yet competing, notions of geographic compactness are commonly used to evaluate the shapes of regions, including the Polsby-Popper score, the convex hull score, and the Reock score, and these scores are used to compare two or more districts or plans. In this

ABSTRACT Automatic production of contiguous area cartograms has become practical with computer algorithms, particularly applying forces to rubber-sheets and simulating diffusion processes. Reformulating the existing force-based and rubber-sheet methods, this article presents a fast and flexible force-based computational framework for general space transformation with solid physical and mathematical

ABSTRACT Geographic Information Systems (GIS) are valuable for displaying and analyzing spatial data, revealing spatial patterns that may otherwise go unnoticed. The ubiquity of web and mobile platforms, used to create and share geographic information has reified the value of GIS to a wider audience bringing new popularity to GIS. As a result, GIS and Geographic Information Science (GIScience) are

ABSTRACT Location, usually defined by postal address information or geographic coordinate values, is one of the leading themes in geography. Famous global mapping services such as ArcGIS Online, Bing Maps, Google Maps, or Yandex Maps can provide users with address information of any geographic coordinates using reverse geocoding. The accuracy of retrieved addresses is quite essential for a service

ABSTRACT Intrinsic tag maps fit a tag cloud inside a geographic boundary to emphasize the association of the tags with a particular administrative region. So far, little is known about their utility and usability. Here, we present the results of an empirical study to help fill this gap. The study uses information retrieval tasks to evaluate intrinsic tag map utility and uses user confidence and preference

ABSTRACT Location-based social media data from different platforms such as Twitter and Flickr increasingly serve with their point-geocoded content as data sources for a variety of applications. The standard visualization method uses a derivation of point maps, which works well with a limited amount of data, but it suffers from weaknesses related to cluttering and overlapping, especially for sets of

(2020). Correction. Cartography and Geographic Information Science: Vol. 47, No. 3, pp. 289-289.

ABSTRACT The selection of an appropriate map projection has a fundamental impact on the visualization and analysis of geographic information. Distortion is inevitable and the decision requires simultaneous consideration of several different factors; a process which can be confusing for many cartographers and GIS users. The last few decades have seen numerous attempts to create automated map projection

ABSTRACT It has become increasingly important in spatial equity studies to understand activity spaces – where people conduct regular out-of-home activities. Big data can advance the identification of activity spaces and the understanding of spatial equity. Using the Los Angeles metropolitan area for the case study, this paper employs geotagged Twitter data to delineate activity spaces with two spatial

ABSTRACT Effectiveness and efficiency of graduated point symbol maps could be affected by several factors. One of them is the spatial distance between symbols. This study conducted an experiment with two map-reading tasks. The first compared two circular symbols, deciding which one is larger. The second task was to order three symbols from smallest to largest. There were four spatial distance conditions

ABSTRACT Immersive maps in augmented reality (AR) are virtual maps that plausibly blend with the physical environment, such that the user perceives them as a part of the real world. While immersive maps can offer unprecedented engaging experiences, the way to perform panning, zooming and other basic map interaction is not obvious. This limitation may hamper widespread adoption of immersive maps. We

ABSTRACT This paper proposes a new method for urban population density prediction at 30 m resolution. Using data for Bangalore, the paper demonstrates that population within each 30 m residential built-up cell can be modeled as a function of cell-level data on street density and building heights and ward-level data on car ownership. Building-height data were generated from Cartosat-1 stereo imagery