The rapid scale-up of telehealth services for substance use disorders (SUDs) during the COVID-19 pandemic presented a unique opportunity to investigate patient experiences with telehealth. This study examined patient perceptions of telehealth in an outpatient SUD treatment program offering individual therapy, group therapy, and medication management.

Compare the risk of relapse to heroin and other illicit opioids among opioid-dependent patients receiving treatment with extended-release naltrexone (XR-NTX) or buprenorphine-naloxone (BP-NLX).

Fentanyl and other highly potent synthetic opioids are the leading cause of opioid overdose deaths in the United States.

Little is known about whether people in substance use disorder (SUD) treatment are at risk for multiple-tobacco use. We examined the factors associated with dual- and polytobacco use among clients in SUD treatment.

Drug courts provide an array of substance use treatments and community-based services for probationers struggling with substance use disorders. We assessed substance use treatment services utilization and related expenditures and relapse and recidivism outcomes and identified predictors of cost of provision of substance use treatment services in a matched cohort of Massachusetts probationers in drug

Difficulties participating in social activities are associated with increased mortality and are underemphasized in addressing the opioid epidemic. This study assessed the association of difficulties participating in social activities and opioid use disorder (OUD) and suicidal ideation and suicide attempts and difficulties participating in social activities among individuals with OUD.

Research investigating e-cigarettes/e-products and dual use with cigarettes among pregnant sexual minority individuals in the United States is lacking. This study addresses this gap using a national sample.

Drug-related dreams are commonly reported by individuals in treatment for substance use disorders, which may be distressing. Existing evidence suggests that dream recollection may be influenced by clinically relevant phenomena, such as opioid use and withdrawal, general sleep disturbance, affective symptoms, and chronic pain. However, very few studies have explored drug-related dreams among individuals

The relationship between food insecurity and alcohol use disorder remains unknown. The aim of this study was to determine the association between food insecurity risk and alcohol use disorder in a nationally representative sample of young adults.

Recent observations indicate that cannabis use can result in cardiovascular complications including arrhythmias. We studied the relationship between cannabis use disorder (CUD) and arrhythmia hospitalization.

Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is common and causes significant morbidity and mortality. Currently approved medications are moderately effective. Novel medications are needed to address AUD. Preliminary data suggests pioglitazone may reduce alcohol use.

A growing body of literature demonstrates that the human microbiota plays a crucial role in health and disease states, as well as in the body's response to stress. In addition, the microbiome plays a role in psychological well-being and regulating negative affect. Regulation of negative affect is a factor in psychostimulant abuse disorders. We propose a risk chain in which stress leads to negative

Sleep problems are common among clients attending alcohol and drug services, yet the specific components of sleep disturbed by primary drug of concern (PDOC), and their relationships to affective disorder symptoms are unclear.

Despite increasing drug use in rural communities, potentially life-saving harm reduction interventions, such as needle exchange programs (NEPs), remain underutilized. Religion is an integral component of the rural culture that has been shown to influence health, yet no studies to date have explored rural faith leaders’ perceptions of harm reduction strategies.

The adverse impact of chronic methamphetamine (MA) use on cognitive function has been described in previous studies, but limited evidence is available for abstinent users from prospective longitudinal studies. The aim of the present study was to assess cognitive function of varying abstinent duration.

Behavioral health issues, such as substance use, depression, and social isolation, are of grave concern during COVID-19, especially for vulnerable populations. One such population is US veterans, who have high rates of pre-existing behavioral health conditions and may thus be at-risk for poorer outcomes. The current study aimed to investigate substance use among US veterans during COVID-19 as a function

Extensive evidence links smoking and suicide independently of psychiatric diagnoses, but there are questions about the pathophysiology and specificity of this relationship. We examined characteristics of this linkage to identify potential transdiagnostic mechanisms in suicide and its prevention.

Current methods of classifying individuals with substance use disorder (SUD) result in vast heterogeneity among persons within a given diagnosis. These approaches, while clinically allowing for distinctions between patient groups, are less than ideal when attempting to recruit a neurobehaviorally defined subset of subjects into clinical trials. To address this gap, alternative strategies have been

Poster Presentation Abstracts (CME and Non-CME). Am J Addict. 2020;29:194-233. https://doi.org/10.1111/ajad.13032. In Poster 39 of the Poster Presentation Abstracts (“Psychosis Induced by High Potency Cannabis: A Case Report”), an author's name was mistakenly omitted from the original publication. The correct byline for Poster 39 is: Raheel Chaudhry, MD and Samy Wassef, MD. We apologize for this error

Characteristics of sleep concerns and their relationship to mental health in heterogeneous substance use disorder (SUD) treatment settings are not well understood. The purpose of this preliminary study was to assess sleep using subjective and objective measures at two time points during SUD treatment and compare sleep changes to changes in mental health measures.

Screening, brief intervention, and referral to treatment (SBIRT) can reduce substance use, but receipt of these services by those who use cannabis frequently and have cannabis use disorder (CUD) remains unexplored. We examined cannabis use frequency and CUD's associations with the odds of receiving a substance use screening and a healthcare professional discussion among those who used healthcare services

Opioid use disorder (OUD) treatment outcomes are poorer for young adults than older adults. Developmental differences are broadly implicated, but particular vulnerability factor interactions are poorly understood. This study sought to identify moderators of OUD relapse between age groups.

The prevalence of substance use disorders (SUD), particularly involving opiates and benzodiazepines, has increased to the detriment of public health and the economy. Here, we evaluate relapse factors among the high-risk demographic of patients with SUD and comorbid affective disorders.

Anabolic-androgenic steroid (AAS) use has become a major worldwide substance use disorder, affecting tens of millions of individuals. Importantly, it is now increasingly recognized that some individuals develop uncharacteristically violent or criminal behaviors when using AAS. We sought to summarize available information on this topic.

Chronic cocaine exposure has differential neural effects in Fischer 344 (F344) vs Lewis inbred rats that may explain strain-dependent differences during acquisition vs maintenance of cocaine self-administration. We assessed whether prior cocaine exposure alters operant responding for food across various phases (acquisition, maintenance, extinction, spontaneous recovery, reinitiation) in these strains

Patients receiving opioid agonist therapies have high rates of psychiatric comorbidity. Some data suggest that comorbidity is associated with poorer treatment outcomes. The current study assessed predictors of multiple putative addictive behaviors among patients receiving opioid agonist therapies.

β-arrestin 2 is an intracellular protein recruited during the activation of G-protein-coupled receptors. In preclinical studies, β-arrestin 2 has been implicated in µ-opioid receptor desensitization and internalization and the development of opioid tolerance and dependence. The present study investigated relationships between variants in the gene encoding β-arrestin 2 (ARRB2) and clinically relevant

Persons with current or past major depressive disorder (MDD) vs those without have higher smoking rates. The nicotine metabolite ratio (NMR) represents variation in the rate of nicotine metabolism and has been associated with smoking behaviors and response to tobacco treatments. We compared NMR between smokers with current or past MDD (MDD+) vs smokers without MDD (MDD−). We also assessed correlates

Prescription Drug Monitoring Programs (PDMP) detect high-risk prescribing and patient behaviors. This study describes the characteristics associated with documented PDMP access when prescribing opioids.

To estimate the diagnostic prevalence and incidence of gambling disorder among United States service members and to identify associated risk factors, including demographics, history of mental illness or substance misuse, and proximity to legalized gambling vicinities.

We sought to understand the impact of COVID-19 on emergency department (ED) overdoses and county coroner verified overdose deaths.

Chronic pain is not well understood in opioid-dependent populations. We report the prevalence of chronic pain and pain characteristics in an opioid-dependent population by treatment type and gender.

To expand on epidemiologic studies examining associations between the legalization of recreational cannabis and use among young adults, we examined the associations between licensed and unlicensed cannabis outlet density and cannabis outcomes.

Previous studies have revealed that the electroacupuncture or auricular‐point pressure as a single treatment approach is beneficial for relieving insomniac symptoms among patients under methadone maintenance treatment (MMT). This study is designed to evaluate the clinical efficacy of combining two treatments.

Previous findings on the association between hazardous drinking and HIV‐risk behavior have been equivocal, varying by population and individual difference factors. This study examined associations between hazardous drinking, impulsivity, and HIV‐risk behaviors among HIV‐positive Russian patients with a history of injection drug use (IDU), not on antiretroviral therapy.

National guidelines recommend prescribing naloxone to patients receiving chronic opioids. However, provider adherence to naloxone co‐prescribing best practices is poor and knowledge gaps for improvement efforts are large. As part of a system‐wide quality improvement intervention to improve opioid safety, we sought to improve access to naloxone for patients with opioid prescriptions.

Substance use disorder (SUD) includes maladaptive patterns of substance use despite negative consequences. Previous structural neuroimaging studies showed some structural alterations in SUD, but it remains unknown whether these alterations are specifically associated with SUD or common comorbidities. This study attempts to validate the findings of structural differences between SUD, healthy controls