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Auralising the soundscape of Sagrada Família Basilica: a virtual journey through sound Architectural Science Review Pub Date : 2024-03-06 Pantea Alambeigi, Jane Burry, Mark Burry
This paper presents a comprehensive exploration of the exceptional auditory environment of Gaudí's Sagrada Família Basilica in Barcelona, Spain. This study aims to enable individuals to immerse the...
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D4G framework: a novel Voronoi diagram classification for decoding natural geometrics to enhance the built environment Architectural Science Review Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Fatma Habib, Naglaa A. Megahed, Nancy Badawy, Merhan M. Shahda
This study enhances designers’ ability to decode natural geometric patterns, simplify their descriptions, and apply them to the built environment using Voronoi diagram (VD). Therefore, VDs are exam...
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Study on the classification of villages in Jilin Province based on space syntax and machine learning Architectural Science Review Pub Date : 2024-02-28 Deli Liu, Keqi Wang
This paper employs machine learning and space syntax to classify villages, revealing implicit formation and development patterns in their spatial layouts. The study addresses village classification...
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Automation in architectural design: optimization and decision-making in interference design Architectural Science Review Pub Date : 2024-02-21 Xingyue Feng, Han Zhang, Shaonong Wei
The design of architectural projects encompasses a complex array of types, constraints, and contradictions, necessitating a high reliance on the personal experience of architects. Automated generat...
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A review on performance of sustainable microalgae photobioreactor façades technology: exploring challenges and advantages Architectural Science Review Pub Date : 2024-02-06 Maryam Talaei, Alejandro Prieto
The building envelope has a great impact on the thermal/visual comfort of occupants and the building energy demand. Accordingly, façade-integrated microalgae photobioreactors have been recently exp...
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Media façades research agenda: a bibliometric analysis from 2003 to 2022 Architectural Science Review Pub Date : 2024-01-22 Sici Tang, Ran Xiao, Xinyuan Cai
With the development of digital technology and urbanization, media façades (MF) has gradually become an important part of modern architecture design. To explore the research progress and developme...
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Comparison of different thermal comfort models: mosque and church cases Architectural Science Review Pub Date : 2023-12-28 Ahmet Bircan Atmaca, Gülay Zorer Gedik, Andreas Wagner, Marcel Schweiker
The abbreviated summary is below: Many thermal comfort models are based on the subjective perception of the users in the buildings. The models are created within some limitations and scope. This st...
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Influence of selection of rural reference area for quantifying the surface urban heat islands intensity in major South Korean cities Architectural Science Review Pub Date : 2023-12-08 Sarath Raj, Geun Young Yun
Surface urban heat island intensity (SUHII), which is the difference in land surface temperature (LST) between urban and rural areas, depends on selection of rural reference and studies that have a...
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Teaching earthquake-resistant structural systems in architecture department: a hands-on learning experience Architectural Science Review Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Omer Karadag, Nevset Gul Canakcioglu
This paper addresses challenges in teaching earthquake-resistant structural systems to architecture students and seeks to enhance efficiency. Developing a compatible teaching approach is crucial fo...
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Characterization and modeling of bistable laminates for kinetic shading screens Architectural Science Review Pub Date : 2023-11-23 Elena Vazquez, Christopher Willett
There is an critical need in kinetic envelope design to propose sustainable solutions that can adjust to changing outdoor conditions. Bistable composite laminates are compliant systems appealing fo...
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Assessment of different types of bricks in varying wall configurations in an indoor thermal environment for a semi-arid region Architectural Science Review Pub Date : 2023-11-16 Hardik H. Gajjar, Jai Devi Jeyaraman
This study evaluates the indoor thermal benefits of seven bricks, and their combination with cavity walls, Vertical Greening Systems (VGS), and Expanded Polystyrene (EPS) insulation in a semi-arid ...
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Comparative aesthetic assessment of machine learning and human judgment for building wall designs Architectural Science Review Pub Date : 2023-11-03 Seoung Beom Park, Jin-Ho Park, Sejung Jung
Machine learning models can potentially provide alternative options in the field of architecture as aesthetic judgment tools, owing to their high capacity and data-driven environments. If a machine...
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Development and performance testing of a polyvalent heat pump for hot and cold water production Architectural Science Review Pub Date : 2023-10-31 Zheng Wang, Mark B. Luther, Antonis Siamas, Jane Matthews, Chunlu Liu
This research investigates a polyvalent heat pump that simultaneously produces hot and cold water and uses natural refrigerants. The novelty of using a 48 V direct current compressor driven by sola...
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A study to depict challenges and opportunities building industry professionals face when designing inclusive and accessible buildings Architectural Science Review Pub Date : 2023-11-01 Matteo Zallio, P. John Clarkson
Inclusive Design has been widely promoted in the fields of product, engineering, and user experience design. Despite the educational efforts made by scientists, practitioners, and institutions to r...
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‘Even our physical buildings are f*cked’: navigating spatial shocks in women’s shelters during COVID-19 and recommendations for future resilience Architectural Science Review Pub Date : 2023-10-25 Isobel McLean, Tara Mantler, Caitlin Burd, Jennifer C. D. MacGregor, Jill Veenendaal, C. Nadine Wathen, the Violence Against Women Services in a Pandemic Research Team
COVID-19 has dramatically changed the way we use and view space across all sectors, including those servicing survivors of violence against women (VAW). The increase in prevalence and severity of V...
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Modelling the perception of visual design principles on façades through fuzzy sets: towards building an automated architectural data generation and labelling tool Architectural Science Review Pub Date : 2023-10-17 Asli Cekmis
Recent studies showed that deep learning techniques and image processing can identify the distinguishing design principles in architectural façades. However, predicting the strength of a principle ...
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A neurological examination of gender differences in architectural perception Architectural Science Review Pub Date : 2023-10-03 Navid Khaleghimoghaddam
As a significant variable related to individual differences, gender affects people’s attitudes and perceptions. The main concern of this study is to investigate the importance of gender in the arch...
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Strengths and limits of a modular magnetic wall panel system Architectural Science Review Pub Date : 2023-09-06 Maria Rallah Villaseca, Kenneth James Bryle Magsayo, Romel Eltanal, Mitchel Magsayo
This paper explores the feasibility of fabricating and employing an innovative appendage-free modular magnetic interior wall system that allows non-technical users to modify interior spaces to their spatial needs without any need for specialized expertise. The modular magnetic wall panel system tested in this study is composed of free-standing panels with magnetized upright frames for tessellated linkage
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Balancing design intent and performance: an algorithmic design approach Architectural Science Review Pub Date : 2023-09-05 Inês Caetano, I. Pereira, A. Leitão
Coordinating aesthetics and performance is critical in building design, but it requires information that is rarely available in early design stages. This scenario is further aggravated in design optimization, where evaluating several design variations is needed. It is not surprising, then, to see performance analysis being postponed to later design stages, where changes are expensive and time-consuming
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Interview study to uncover the energy use impacts and behaviours of teleworkers who relocated during COVID-19 in Canada Architectural Science Review Pub Date : 2023-09-05 Farzam Sepanta, William O’Brien, Laura Arpan
This study aims to gain insight into the overall impacts of teleworkers’ choices and preferences that have implications for overall energy use. The sample size includes 14 participants, who started...
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Innovative wall package made of macro-encapsulated phase change material and geopolymer concrete: in-field thermal analysis for a Mediterranean climate Architectural Science Review Pub Date : 2023-08-07 Rosa Francesca De Masi, Nicoletta Del Regno, Valentino Festa, Antonio Gigante, Silvia Ruggiero, Giuseppe Peter Vanoli
The paper proposes the experimental characterization of a wall package made of geopolymer concrete and phase change materials (PCMs) in the climate of south Italy. Data collected from May to July 2021 were presented by elaborating surface temperatures and heat fluxes with the introduction of several new indices as the thermal stress reduction amplitude, the percentage of time in melting range and the
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A systematic review of the BIM in construction: from smart building management to interoperability of BIM & AI Architectural Science Review Pub Date : 2023-08-03 Aliakbar Heidari, Yaghowb Peyvastehgar, Mohammad Amanzadegan
The main purpose of this study is to provide insight into the trend of AI-BIM integration, which has been studied by scholars around the world. To begin, a systematic review and bibliometric analysis was conducted to investigate English articles published between 2015 and 2022. This paper presents a systematic, scientometric, science mapping analysis through qualitative and quantitative evaluation
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Up on the roof: a review of design, construction, and technology trends in vertical extensions Architectural Science Review Pub Date : 2023-08-01 Eunike Kristi Julistiono, Philip Oldfield, Luciano Cardellicchio
New spaces to accommodate growing urban populations should be created in a way that also reduces building lifecycle carbon emissions. In this context, the vertical extension (VE) has emerged as a n...
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Built environment usability and freshmen’s coping skills: the mediating effect of place attachment Architectural Science Review Pub Date : 2023-07-31 Paniz Mousavi Samimi, Baharak Mousapour, Afsaneh Alizadeh Asli, Afshin Patiar
The current study identifies the mediating effect of place identity and place dependence, dimensions of Place Attachment (PA), on the relationship between Built Environment Usability (BEU) (walkabi...
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Using ecological theory to manage behaviour and symptoms in people living with dementia: a transdisciplinary approach to design Architectural Science Review Pub Date : 2023-07-19 Jan A. Golembiewski
ABSTRACT Perception is a primary role of cognition, and perception itself changes with dementia. Behaviour changes also, because people respond to what they percieve. A transdisciplinary. approachmethod of transgressing disciplinary boundaries to integrate understandings from the sciences, medicine, the caring professions, the arts, indigenous perspectives and the perspectives of the people living
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Human cognition and emotional response towards visual environmental features in an urban built context: a systematic review on perception-based studies Architectural Science Review Pub Date : 2023-07-06 R. V. Shynu, Anitha Suseelan
Urban built environments can influence human cognitive and emotional comforts. Human comfort in the built environment has challenged architects and urban designers while developing comfortable spac...
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Perceived density and positive affect ratings of studio apartments: an EEG study Architectural Science Review Pub Date : 2023-06-22 Naama Zur, Simone Shamay-Tsoory, Anna Sterkin, Dafna Fisher-Gewirtzman
Perceived density was examined as two architectural design features were varied: wider wall location in trapezoid-shaped apartments and window size. Subjects rated perceived density and positive af...
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On the average horizontal illuminance in rooms with one or two point light sources Architectural Science Review Pub Date : 2023-06-16 Rizki A. Mangkuto, Nurul Jamala, Beta Paramita
ABSTRACT To ensure high-quality lighting in indoor spaces, many objective parameters have been suggested in building codes and standards all over the world. Despite the emergence of luminance-based metrics, the average horizontal illuminance (Eav) remains popular in practice. For the case of relatively small rooms with one or two point light sources, it is often intended to determine the point with
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An immersive case study for the application of airflow simulations to architectural design Architectural Science Review Pub Date : 2023-06-14 Soo Jeong Jo, James R. Jones
The interest in building performance simulations has been growing due to their effectiveness in creating energy-efficient and healthier building designs. Various energy and lighting simulation tool...
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Impact of energy conservation measures in residential buildings in very remote communities in Australia Architectural Science Review Pub Date : 2023-06-13 Samuel Udom, Saeed Banihashemi, Charles Lemckert
This study investigated the impact of various energy conservation measures (ECMs) on total annual electricity consumption on a single level, two-bedroom residential building in an arid climate and in a very remote area of Australia. Base case scenario of annual energy consumption profiles of the building and its existing systems were modelled and simulated using DesignBuilder software, and the results
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Renovation process challenges and barriers: addressing the communication and coordination bottlenecks in the zero-energy building renovation workflow in European residential buildings Architectural Science Review Pub Date : 2023-05-23 Alejandro Prieto, Tatiana Armijos-Moya, Thaleia Konstantinou
The implementation of Nearly Zero-Energy Buildings (NZEB) renovation packages in Europe needs to be accelerated to meet the current decarbonization goals. To achieve this level of performance, building renovation strategies should shift towards solutions that incorporate a multitude of passive and active components, increasing the complexity and costs of the execution. Moreover, it requires the involvement
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The application of deep generative models in urban form generation based on topology: a review Architectural Science Review Pub Date : 2023-05-11 Bo Lin, Wassim Jabi, Padraig Corcoran, Simon Lannon
Integrating deep generative models into urban form generation is an innovative and promising approach to support the urban design process. However, most deep generative urban form models are based on image representations that do not explicitly consider topological relationships among urban form elements. Toward developing an urban form generation framework aided by deep generative models and considering
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Evaluating building wayfinding performance in healthcare environment: a novel hybrid decision-making model Architectural Science Review Pub Date : 2023-05-02 Amir Ehsan Pouyan, Abdul Hamid Ghanbaran, Amir Shakibamanesh
The goal of this study is maintained as the process of establishing and validating an evidence-based approach for assessing the quality of hospital’s wayfinding from an environmental standpoint and...
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Evolving interaction: a qualitative investigation of user mental models for smart thermostat users Architectural Science Review Pub Date : 2023-04-24 Ruth Tamas, William O’Brien, Mario Santana Quintero
Smart thermostats differ significantly from traditional devices and are quickly becoming commonplace in homes. Literature demonstrates that thermostat interfaces greatly influence user interaction and related energy outcomes. Moreover, how users imagine their device to work appears to have a greater impact on usage than how the system functions. Previous work investigated manual and programmable thermostats
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The effects of interactive stairways on user behaviour and safety Architectural Science Review Pub Date : 2023-04-19 Karen Kim, Edward Steinfeld, Sue Weidemann
The purpose of this study was to assess the safety of interactive stairway designs by comparing the user's behaviour and the incidence of unsafe stair use on two interactive stairways with a stairway made of conventional material. The Stairway Observation Checklist (SOC) for recording observations of stair users was developed. Observations were conducted in two museum buildings with interactive stairways
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Acceptable indoor air quality at reduced energy consumption for high-occupancy buildings with intermittent operation Architectural Science Review Pub Date : 2023-04-13 Ismail Mohammed Budaiwi, Mohammed Alhaji Mohammed
In high-occupancy buildings with intermittent and short-occupancy events, occupants and their activities are the primary sources of contaminants, rendering continuous ventilation unnecessary for achieving acceptable indoor air quality (IAQ). Because the recommended ventilation rate constitutes a substantial percentage of the supply air, reducing or discontinuing ventilation during unoccupied periods
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Design and fabrication of smooth poly-hypar timber gridshells Architectural Science Review Pub Date : 2023-04-03 Ting Cao, Alessandro Tellini, Zongshuai Wan
This paper introduces the timber gridshell designed and fabricated as smooth poly-hypar surface structure, a new type of doubly curved freeform shell which is combined smoothly (G1 degree) from hyp...
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Data-driven approach to prioritize residential buildings’ retrofits in cold climates using smart thermostat data Architectural Science Review Pub Date : 2023-03-31 Aya Doma, Mohamed Ouf
At least 65% of existing residential buildings will still be in use by 2050, thus retrofitting existing buildings is critical to reducing energy consumption. However, prioritizing building retrofits typically requires a thorough evaluation of their thermal performance, which can be cost-prohibitive, especially on a large scale. To this end, this study presents a data-driven framework to target buildings
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A review of residential building archetypes and their applications to study building energy consumption Architectural Science Review Pub Date : 2023-03-28 Bibhu Kalyan Nayak, Sunil K. Sansaniwal, Jyotirmay Mathur, Tarush Chandra, Vishal Garg, Rajat Gupta
In developing economies, residential energy consumption patterns have rapidly transformed with better energy access and service quality. Unlike other building types, residential buildings are more complex due to wide variations in their consumption patterns influenced by various factors. Researchers have characterised residential building stock based on distinct building archetypes. This paper presents
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A kinetic origami surfaces methodology Architectural Science Review Pub Date : 2023-03-12 Filipa Crespo Osório, Alexandra Paio, Sancho Oliveira
This paper presents original research developed during PhD research. It proposes a multidisciplinary process as a methodology for the construction of thick, rigid origami surfaces to be used for ki...
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Control in healthcare interiors: the staff’s perspective Architectural Science Review Pub Date : 2023-03-02 Gülnur Ballice, Çiğdem Çetin, Eda Paykoç Özçelik, Zeynep Tuna Ultav
As two of the most stressful professions, doctors and nurses work intensively in direct contact with patients. However, there has been little research into their perception of and satisfaction with healthcare interiors. To fill this gap in the literature, this study evaluated the working, resting, and dining spaces of healthcare staff in terms of control. Specifically, privacy, boundary and territory
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The impact of service core reduction in supertall buildings: a study on structural design, embodied carbon, and leasable floor area Architectural Science Review Pub Date : 2023-02-28 Beste Fakıoğlu Gedik, Bekir Özer Ay
Optimizing the building core is a fundamental goal in tall building design The area dedicated to elevators, which are among the most area-consuming elements in the core, might be considerably reduced with recent technological advancements. This study investigates the trade-offs of core reduction resulting from the elevator footprint decrease in supertall buildings since the core usually serves as a
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A decision-making framework to prioritize existing buildings for adaptive reuse with a case study of school buildings in Guilan, Iran Architectural Science Review Pub Date : 2023-02-10 Mohammad Pourebrahimi, Amir Reza Karimi Azeri, Mojtaba Pour Ahmadi
The paper seeks to outline a framework to prioritize existing buildings for adaptive reuse. Twenty-nine schools were selected and investigated to determine their priority for adaptive reuse. By evaluating obsolescence and calculating the useful life of the buildings, their potential for reuse was identified using Adaptive Reuse Potential (ARP) model. According to the reuse potential and best time for
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Wind induced pressures on a large low-sloped gable roof building with parapet Architectural Science Review Pub Date : 2023-02-06 Aly Mousaad Aly, Matthew Thomas
This paper experimentally investigates how parapets with varying heights can alter the flow pattern around a large aspect-ratio low-sloped gable roof building. We examine the benefits and challenges of existing methods and utilize an open-jet wind test section, to accurately simulate real-world atmospheric boundary layer conditions. A model of a low-rise building was fitted with solid parapets of varying
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Contribution of numerical simulation to the study of pedestrian mobility in the context of COVID-19: case of a university campus in Algeria Architectural Science Review Pub Date : 2023-01-12 Mustapha Blibli, Ammar Bouchair
Corona Virus (COVID-19) is forcing us to re-examine our current travel patterns in order to adapt to social distancing. For this purpose, simulation of pedestrian mobility remains relevant and can facilitate the design of buildings and urban spaces in this newly emerging context. Under COVID-19, a university campus in Algeria has been selected to demonstrate digital simulation for the study of pedestrian
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Overview of 3D construction printing and future perspectives: a review of technology, companies and research progression Architectural Science Review Pub Date : 2022-12-14 Stelladriana Volpe, Valentino Sangiorgio, Francesco Fiorito, Humberto Varum
3D printing and additive manufacturing have been established in several industrial fields with an unprecedented increase in the building sector during the last decade. Several companies’ applicatio...
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Earth-based additive manufacturing: A field-oriented methodology for evaluating material printability Architectural Science Review Pub Date : 2022-12-12 Stefanie Rückrich, Galit Agranati, Yasha Jacob Grobman
The recent convergence of earth construction with technology focuses on additive manufacturing using extrudable earth-based materials. The printability of these materials can be defined by their pumpability, extrudability, and buildability. We present a field-oriented methodology for the design of printable local mixtures suitable for various printers. Three tests were defined to characterize the flowability
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The effect of online teaching on basic design studio in the time of COVID-19: an application of the technology acceptance model Architectural Science Review Pub Date : 2022-12-09 Rawan T. Abu Alatta, Hind M. Momani, Asma’ M. Bataineh
In response to the COVID-19 pandemic and to reduce its spread, education in Jordan was urgently forced in March 2020 to switch from physical education to distance one. Architecture, accordingly, tr...
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Deserted studio: evaluating remote-learning practices for the post-pandemic era Architectural Science Review Pub Date : 2022-11-29 Nermine A. Fathallah, Samy Afifi, Rowaida Rashed, Ghada Farouk Hassan
To limit the spread of Coronavirus, educational institutions had to suddenly shift to remote learning during the Spring of 2020. This study aims to evaluate the adopted remote-learning practices among architectural students and their instructors. To this end, the authors implemented a descriptive cross-sectional approach to highlight the aligned and opposing perceptions, respectively. The work adopts
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Performance evaluation of an architecturally-designed vertical high capacity linear slot diffuser in a tropical atrium Architectural Science Review Pub Date : 2022-11-09 Yat Huang Yau, Umair Ahmed Rajput
This paper proposed a new approach for the efficient air conditioning of large tropical buildings. The current study has two objectives: the design and numerical investigations of the performance of vertically oriented high capacity linear slot diffusers (HCLSD) in an atrium building and the verification and validation of the different turbulence models through laboratory-scale experiments. The HCLSD
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Analysing the spatial syntax of Aldo van Eyck’s place-making in the Amsterdam playgrounds Architectural Science Review Pub Date : 2022-11-02 Mohammad Sayed Ahmad, Mamiko Fujiyama, Toshikazu Ishida
Aldo van Eyck is attributed with designing more than 700 playgrounds which engendered revolutionary spatial concepts such as the ‘twin phenomena’ and ‘in-between.’ These concepts are examined in the literature through the definition of place alongside its ethnographic origins; however, a limited number of studies address place-making through quantitative measures. This research project investigates
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Architectural design gives hope for dementia Architectural Science Review Pub Date : 2022-10-27 Jan Golembiewski
Published in Architectural Science Review (Vol. 66, No. 5, 2023)
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Modernity in Javanese tradition: adapting vernacular design and local culture to Indonesian urban living Architectural Science Review Pub Date : 2022-10-25 Dany Perwita Sari, Mutmainnah Sudirman, Yun Shang Chiou
There is a growing demand for electricity in homes in Indonesia. In this study, traditional Javanese houses were analyzed and redesigned to suit Indonesian modern lifestyles. The new modern Javanese houses are used as benchmarks for evaluating energy-efficient designs in Jakarta, Indonesia. It was compared to several rumah type 36’s models in order to analyze it. The results show that a modern Javanese
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Towards a dignity manifesto of design - for people living with dementia Architectural Science Review Pub Date : 2022-10-25 Richard Fleming, John Zeisel, Kirsty Bennett, Jan Golembiewski, Kate Swaffer, Lynda Henderson
ABSTRACT This editorial is intended to introduce The Dignity Manifesto of Design and request meaningful commentary on this guide for environments for people living with dementia, so that design will support values of dignity, autonomy, independence, equality of opportunity, and non-discrimination. The two-part manifesto – a short list of values followed by ten design principles - follows Recommendation
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The ‘visual attractiveness’ of architectural facades: measuring visual complexity and attractive strength in architecture Architectural Science Review Pub Date : 2022-10-21 Ju Hyun Lee, Michael J. Ostwald
The ‘visual attractiveness’ of a building façade refers to the extent to which it provokes an immediate or ‘pre-attentive’ physiological response. Two factors that can shape this response are ‘visual complexity’ and ‘strength of attraction’. The former refers to the innate capacity of a façade to draw the viewer's eye, and the latter to its capacity to hold the viewer's gaze. In this article two computational
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Energy balance and photovoltaic integration in positive energy buildings. Design and performance in built office case studies Architectural Science Review Pub Date : 2022-10-20 X. Barrutieta, A. Kolbasnikova, O. Irulegi, R. Hernández
ABSTRACT This paper analyses the current definition of positive energy building (PEB) and a selection of both NZEB and PEB built projects with real monitored data, discussing their design features and potential for achieving positive energy balance. The research aims to assess an optimal ratio between photovoltaic (PV) area and achieved self-sufficiency ratios in office buildings. The study shows that
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Employing surface tooling for thermal modulation Architectural Science Review Pub Date : 2022-10-17 Eiman Graiz, Keith Van de Riet
Computer Numerical Controlled (CNC) machines, as one of the digital fabrication technologies, can create various textures as milled surfaces. The geometrical properties of these textures depend on various parameters set by the designer. This paper focuses on CNC cutting tools, tool paths, and cut depth to understand their roles in generating different surface textures on a (12.7 × 12.7)cm2 panel surface
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Empirical comparison of spatial experience between photo-based IVE and real space Architectural Science Review Pub Date : 2022-10-17 Seung Hyun Cha, Jae Hoon Ma, JoonOh Seo, Jung In Kim, SangUk Han
The photo-based immersive virtual environment (IVE) has become an increasingly popular method to deliver spatial experiences because it provides users with a high sense of presence and interactivity. However, there is still a lack of empirical evidence on the degree of realism of spatial experiences. Thus, the present study aims to investigate the reality of photo-based IVE spatial experience. We recruited
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Determination of the acoustical performance of multipurpose music classrooms Architectural Science Review Pub Date : 2022-10-11 Ahmet Aslan, Akın Oktav, Buket Metin
It is important to analyse the multipurpose music classrooms (MMCs), where active teaching and music practice are held in the same space, with an eligible acoustical parameter set. In the current s...
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Khashkhāshī in the design of Iranian detached double-shell onion domes: classification and preliminary assessment of structural role Architectural Science Review Pub Date : 2022-09-27 Hadi Safaeipour, Roham Afghani Khoraskani, Afsane Alizadegan
The detached double-shell dome comprises the outer shell, inner shell, drum, and usually stiffeners. This article closely examines a kind of stiffener, called ‘khashkhāshī ,’ within two main discussions. (I) By comparing various examples, eight cases representative of all the khashkhāshī types are selected and studied morphologically to introduce a grounded definition for khashkhāshī , encompassing