Current science communication has a number of drawbacks and bottlenecks which have been subject of discussion lately: Among others, the rising number of published articles makes it nearly impossible to get a full overview of the state of the art in a certain field, or reproducibility is hampered by fixed-length, document-based publications which normally cannot cover all details of a research work

The Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) thesaurus is a controlled vocabulary widely used in biomedical knowledge systems, particularly for semantic indexing of scientific literature. As the MeSH hierarchy evolves through annual version updates, some new descriptors are introduced that were not previously available. This paper explores the conceptual provenance of these new descriptors. In particular, we

Classifying scientific articles, patents, and other documents according to the relevant research topics is an important task, which enables a variety of functionalities, such as categorising documents in digital libraries, monitoring and predicting research trends, and recommending papers relevant to one or more topics. In this paper, we present the latest version of the CSO Classifier (v3.0), an unsupervised

The digital repository of research articles is increasing at a rapid rate and hence searching the right paper becoming a tedious task for researchers. A research paper recommendation system is advocated to help researchers in this context. In the process of designing such a system, proper representation of articles, more specifically, feature identification and extraction are two essential tasks. The

Metadata are fundamental for the indexing, browsing and retrieval of cultural heritage resources in repositories, digital libraries and catalogues. In order to be effectively exploited, metadata information has to meet some quality standards, typically defined in the collection usage guidelines. As manually checking the quality of metadata in a repository may not be affordable, especially in large

The frequency at which new research documents are being published causes challenges for researchers who increasingly need access to relevant documents in order to conduct their research. Searching across a variety of databases and browsing millions of documents to find semantically relevant material is a time-consuming task. Recently, there has been a focus on recommendation algorithms that suggest

Purpose Publishing research data for reuse has become good practice in recent years. However, not much is known on how researchers actually find said data. In this exploratory study, we observe the information-seeking behaviour of social scientists searching for research data to reveal impediments and identify opportunities for data search infrastructure.Methods We asked 12 participants to search for

Sheet music scores have been the traditional way to preserve and disseminate western classical music works for centuries. Nowadays, their content can be encoded in digital formats that yield a very detailed representation of music content expressed in the language of music notation. These digital scores constitute, therefore, an invaluable asset for digital library services such as search, analysis

Digital Humanities projects have shown to be projects of collaboration and interdisciplinary cooperation. As digital humanities researchers are creating and discovering new methods of collaboration, libraries have been reflecting on how they can best support and nurture such collaborations. This paper aims to demonstrate a practical case of what the University of South Florida Digital Collections has

The automated recommendation of content resources to learners is one of the most promising functions of educational digital libraries. Underlying strategies should take the individual progress of the learner into account to provide appropriate recommendations that are meaningful to the learner. If presented with appropriate assistance, learners will more likely engage in productive learning strategies

Microblogging platforms such as Twitter have been increasingly used nowadays to share information between users. They are also convenient means for propagating content related to history. Hence, from the research viewpoint they can offer opportunities to analyze the way in which users refer to the past, and how as well when such references appear and what purposes they serve. Such study could allow

Assigning several labels to digital data is becoming easier as this can be achieved in a collaborative manner with Internet users. However, this process is still a challenge, especially in cases where several labels are assigned to each datum, as some suitable labels may be missed. The missing labels lead to inaccuracies in classification. In this study, we propose a novel graph-based multi-label classifier

The study and analysis of past events can provide numerous benefits. While event categorization has been previously studied, it usually assigned only one event category to an event. In this study, we focus on multi-label classification for past events, which is a more general and challenging problem than those approached in previous studies. We categorize events into thirteen different types using

Plagiarism detection deals with detecting plagiarized fragments among textual documents. The availability of digital documents in online libraries makes plagiarism easier and on the other hand, to be easily detected by automatic plagiarism detection systems. Large scale plagiarism corpora with a wide variety of plagiarism cases are needed to evaluate different detection methods in different languages

The Art. 2 of the UE Council conclusions of 21 May 2014 on cultural heritage as a strategic resource for a sustainable Europe (2014/C 183/08) states: “Cultural heritage consists of the resources inherited from the past in all forms and aspects—tangible, intangible and digital (born digital and digitized), including monuments, sites, landscapes, skills, practices, knowledge and expressions of human

Citation recommendation describes the task of recommending citations for a given text. Due to the overload of published scientific works in recent years on the one hand, and the need to cite the most appropriate publications when writing scientific texts on the other hand, citation recommendation has emerged as an important research topic. In recent years, several approaches and evaluation data sets

In this paper, we will explore the theme of the documentation of 3D cultural heritage assets, not only as entire artefacts but also including the interesting features of the object from an archaeological perspective. Indeed, the goal is supporting archaeological research and curation, providing a different approach to enrich the documentation of digital resources and their components with corresponding

For conducting a literature review is necessary a preliminary organization of the available bibliographic material. In this article, we present a novel method called OrgBR-M (method to organize bibliographic references), based on the formal concept analysis theory, to assist in organizing bibliographic material. Our method systematizes the organization of bibliography and proposes metrics to assist

An unrecognized significance of the web acts as a driving force for the massive and rapid growth of websites in each domain of social life. For making a successful website, it is necessary for developers to embrace appropriate web testing and evaluation methodology. Some valuable works in the past have striven to appraise the web applications quantitatively. Various parameters have been considered

A publication venue authority file stores variants of the names of journals and conferences that publish scientific articles. It is useful in the construction of search tools and data disambiguation, and it is of special interest to agencies funding research and evaluating graduate programs, which use the quality of publication venues as a basis for evaluating researchers’ and research groups’ publications

This special issueof International Journal onDigitalLibraries (IJDL) brings together a selection of notable papers nominated for the two best paper awards—theVannevar BushBest Paper Award and the Best Student Paper Award—at the 2017 ACM/IEEE-CS Joint Conference onDigital Libraries (JCDL 2017). JCDL is an annual international interdisciplinary conference that brings together researchers, developers

This volume presents a special issue on the 2017 edition of the theory and practice of digital libraries (TPDL) conference, held in Thessaloniki, Greece. We provide a brief overview of TPDL 2017 and introduce the selected papers that make up the rest of this volume. The papers cover different aspects of current digital library research, highlighting the important and multidisciplinary nature of the

To classify and search various kinds of scientific data, it is useful to annotate those data with keywords from a controlled vocabulary. Data providers, such as researchers, annotate their own data with keywords from the provided vocabulary. However, for the selection of suitable keywords, extensive knowledge of both the research domain and the controlled vocabulary is required. Therefore, the annotation

Brazil is recognized as a musical country, with a diverse collection of musical resources served by many digital repositories and music libraries. Historically, those systems are supported by cataloging schemes that are insufficient because they follow standards more focused on the catalog record than on the structure of cataloged works. On the other hand, it is perceived the popularization of multi-entity

Different scientific communities produce different kinds of datasets that rely on different data descriptions, approaches, and logical organisations. In such an environment, it is essential to establish a knowledge communication framework that can guarantee some fundamentals, such as an inclusive description and documentation of the interdisciplinary digital resources, their long-term preservation

In the recent years, the multimedia data volume produced and available for access has increased continuously and quickly, notably video content. This context has also increased the overload information problem: finding content of interest in the huge amount of available options. So, efficient schemes for content access are needed. Automatic video summarization is a research field that deals with this

There are several digital libraries worldwide which maintain valuable historical manuscripts. Usually, digital copies of these manuscripts are offered to researchers and readers in raster-image format. These images carry several document degradations that may hinder automatic information retrieval solutions such as manuscript indexing, categorization, retrieval by content, etc. In this paper, we propose

The HathiTrust Digital Library (HTDL) is one of the largest digital libraries in the world, containing seventeen million volumes from the collections of major academic and research libraries. In this paper, we discuss the HTDL’s potential for musicology research by providing a bibliometric analysis of the collection as a whole, and of the music materials in particular. A series of case studies illustrates

This paper presents an approach how to create FAIR data for prehistoric mining archaeology, based on the CIDOC CRM ontology and semantic web standards. The interdisciplinary Research Centre HiMAT (History of mining activities in the Tyrol and adjacent areas, University of Innsbruck) investigates mining history from prehistoric to modern times with an interdisciplinary approach. One of the projects

This paper presents a case study of data management and processing of archaeological information through a relational database. The unusual typology of the ‘small finds’ that were archaeologically analyzed and the specific history of the excavations at Phaistos and Ayia Triada (Crete, Greece) prompted our consideration of issues regarding data integrity. We sought to address the problem surrounding

We are pleased in this issue to present extended and enhanced versions of four award-nominated papers from the 2016 ACM/IEEE-CS Joint Conference on Digital Libraries (JCDL ’16). JCDL ’16 was held on the campus of Rutgers University–Newark and is the sixteenth in the series of conferences jointly sponsored by the Association for Computing Machinery and the IEEE Computer Society. The location is particularly

In order to respect the good practices in archaeology disseminated by the MASA Consortium (Archaeologists and Archaeological Sites Memories), the Laboratoire Archéologie et Territoires (Tours, France) wished to evaluate the progress of ArSol database (Soil Archives), its field data management database, with regard to the FAIR principles or the Five-Star Linked Open Data. The work undertaken to achieve

We address the task of identifying tweets that mention books from amongst tweets that contain the same strings as book titles. Assuming the existence of a comprehensive list of book titles, this task can be defined as text classification targeting tweets that contain the same string as book titles. In carrying out the task, we need to exclude two types of tweets. The first is automatically posted,

Community question–answering (CQA) has become a popular method of online information seeking. Within these services, peers ask questions and create answers to those questions. For some time, content repositories created through CQA sites have widely supported general-purpose tasks; however, they can also be used as online digital libraries that satisfy specific needs related to education. Horizontal

This paper describes a system for documenting scientific data produced in Heritage Sciences. The system is built around a general meta-model, flexible enough to provide descriptions, in a formal language, of the datasets produced by scientific research. Resulting metadata can be re-encoded and published in multiple formats. The underlying metadata schema is inspired by CIDOC CRM principles for data

Choice overload describes a situation in which a person has difficulty in making decisions due to too many options. We examine choice overload when displaying related-article recommendations in digital libraries, and examine the effectiveness of recommendation algorithms in this domain. We first analyzed existing digital libraries, and found that only 30% of digital libraries show related-article recommendations

Language is constantly evolving. As part of diachronic linguistics, semantic change analysis examines how the meanings of words evolve over time. Such semantic awareness is important to retrieve content from digital libraries. Recent research on semantic change analysis relying on word embeddings has yielded significant improvements over previous work. However, a recent, but somewhat neglected observation

AbstractThis study considers the expressiveness (that is, the expressive power or expressivity) of different types of Knowledge Organization Systems (KOS) and discusses its potential to be machine-processable in the context of the semantic web. For this purpose, the theoretical foundations of KOS are reviewed based on conceptualizations introduced by the Functional Requirements for Subject Authority

This paper presents the curation and annotation of a collection of traditional Irish flute recordings to facilitate the analysis of stylistic characteristics. We introduce the structure of Irish tunes, types of tunes and the ornamentation, which is a decisive stylistic determinant in Irish traditional music. We identify seminal recordings of prominent flute players and provide information related to

Many digital libraries have long offered facilities to provide multimedia content, including music. However, there is now an ever more urgent need to specifically support the distinct multiple forms of music, the links between them, and the surrounding scholarly context, as required by the transformed and extended computational methods being applied to musicology and the wider digital humanities. These

Valuable and rapidly increasing volumes of data are created or transformed into digital form by all fields of scientific, educational, cultural and governmental and industry activities. For this purpose, the digital libraries community has developed long-term and interdisciplinary research agendas, providing significant results, such as development of digital libraries, solving practical problems,

In this paper we present a semi-automatic tool for constructing and visualising narratives, intended as networks of events related to each other by semantic relations. The tool obeys an ontology for narratives that we developed. It retrieves and assigns internationalised resource identifiers to the instances of the classes of the ontology using Wikidata as an external knowledge base and also facilitates

We propose a standard representation for hierarchical musical analyses as an extension to the Music Encoding Initiative (MEI) representation for music. Analyses of music need to be represented in digital form for the same reasons as music: preservation, sharing of data, data linking, and digital processing. Systems exist for representing sequential information, but many music analyses are hierarchical

This paper describes a new approach to the presentation of records relating to formal negotiations and the texts that they create. It describes the architecture of a model, platform, and web interface ( https://www.quillproject.net ) that can be used by domain experts to convert the records typical of formal negotiations into a model of decision-making (with minimal training). This model has implications

KnowledgeOrganization Systems (KOS), in the formof classification systems, thesauri, lexical databases, ontologies, gazetteers, and taxonomies,more than ever play a crucial role in digital information management and applications generally. Carrying semantics in awell-controlled and documented way, Knowledge Organization Systems serve a variety of important functions such as: tools for representation

Terminological resources play a central role in the organization and retrieval of scientific texts. Both simple keyword lists and advanced modelings of relationships between terminological concepts can make a most valuable contribution to the analysis, classification, and finding of appropriate digital documents, either on the web or within local repositories. This seems especially true for long-established

Throughout the history of science, different knowledge areas have collaborated to overcome major research challenges. The task of associating a researcher with such areas makes a series of tasks feasible such as the organization of digital repositories, expertise recommendation and the formation of research groups for complex problems. In this article, we propose a simple yet effective automatic classification

Media bias, i.e., slanted news coverage, can strongly impact the public perception of the reported topics. In the social sciences, research over the past decades has developed comprehensive models to describe media bias and effective, yet often manual and thus cumbersome, methods for analysis. In contrast, in computer science fast, automated, and scalable methods are available, but few approaches systematically

As more scholarly content is born digital or converted to a digital format, digital libraries are becoming increasingly vital to researchers seeking to leverage scholarly big data for scientific discovery. Although scholarly products are available in abundance—especially in environments created by the advent of social networking services—little is known about international scholarly information needs

This paper presents a formalization and extension of a novel approach to support high-quality content in digital libraries. Building on the concept of plausibility used in cognitive sciences, we aim at judging the plausibility of new scientific papers in light of prior knowledge. In particular, our work proposes a novel assessment of scientific papers to qualitatively support the work of reviewers

Web archives constitute an increasingly important source of information for computer scientists, humanities researchers and journalists interested in studying past events. However, currently there are no access methods that help Web archive users to efficiently access event-centric information in large-scale archives that go beyond the retrieval of individual disconnected documents. In this article

In the World Wide Web, a very large number of resources are made available through digital libraries. We (Europeana and data providers) report on case studies that tested the application of some of the most promising Web technologies, exploring several solutions based on the International Image Interoperability Framework (IIIF) and Sitemaps. We also describe an analysis of the Schema.org vocabulary

How did the popularity of the Greek Prime Minister evolve in 2015? How did the predominant sentiment about him vary during that period? Were there any controversial sub-periods? What other entities were related to him during these periods? To answer these questions, one needs to analyze archived documents and data about the query entities, such as old news articles or social media archives. In particular

This paper describes the development of an ontology which could act as a recommendation system for hypertensive individuals. The author has conceptualized and developed an ontology which describes recipes, nutrients in foods and the interactions between nutrients and prescribed drugs, disease and general health. The paper begins with a review of the literature on several ontology designs. The previous

AbstractThis paper explores the possible role of named entities extracted from text in subtitles in automatic indexing of TV programs. This is done by analyzing entity types, name density and name frequencies in subtitles and metadata records from different genres of TV programs. The name density in metadata records is much higher than the name density in subtitles, and named entities with high frequencies

Performers’ copies of musical scores are typically rich in handwritten annotations, which capture historical and institutional performance practices. The development of interactive interfaces to explore digital archives of these scores and the systematic investigation of their meaning and function will be facilitated by the automatic extraction of handwritten score annotations. We present several approaches

AbstractThe use of image libraries in the field of art and architectural history has been the subject of numerous research studies over the years. However, since previous investigations have focused, primarily, either on user behavior or reviewed repositories, our aim is to bring together both approaches. Against this background, this paper identifies the main characteristics of research and information

Museums are increasing access to their collections and providing richer user experiences via web-based interfaces. However, they are seeing high numbers of users looking at only one or two pages within 10 s and then leaving. To reduce this rate, a better understanding of the type of user who visits a museum website is required. Existing models for museum website users tend to focus on groups that are

Web archiving is the process of collecting portions of the Web to ensure that the information is preserved for future exploitation. However, despite the increasing number of web archives worldwide, the absence of efficient and meaningful exploration methods still remains a major hurdle in the way of turning them into a usable and useful information source. In this paper, we focus on this problem and

Semantic applications typically exploit structures such as dependency parse trees, phrase-chunking, semantic role labeling or open information extraction. In this paper, we introduce a novel application of Open IE as an intermediate layer for text summarization. Text summarization is an important method for providing relevant information in large digital libraries. Open IE is referred to the process